qemu-io.c

   1 /*
   2  * Command line utility to exercise the QEMU I/O path.
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 2009 Red Hat, Inc.
   5  * Copyright (c) 2003-2005 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
   6  *
   7  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
   8  * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
   9  */
  10 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
  11 #include <getopt.h>
  12 #include <libgen.h>
  13
  14 #include "qapi/error.h"
  15 #include "qemu-io.h"
  16 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
  17 #include "qemu/main-loop.h"
  18 #include "qemu/option.h"
  19 #include "qemu/config-file.h"
  20 #include "qemu/readline.h"
  21 #include "qemu/log.h"
  22 #include "qapi/qmp/qstring.h"
  23 #include "qom/object_interfaces.h"
  24 #include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
  25 #include "block/block_int.h"
  26 #include "trace/control.h"
  27 #include "crypto/init.h"
  28
  29 #define CMD_NOFILE_OK   0x01
  30
  31 static char *progname;
  32
  33 static BlockBackend *qemuio_blk;
  34
  35 /* qemu-io commands passed using -c */
  36 static int ncmdline;
  37 static char **cmdline;
  38 static bool imageOpts;
  39
  40 static ReadLineState *readline_state;
  41
  42 static int close_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
  43 {
  44     blk_unref(qemuio_blk);
  45     qemuio_blk = NULL;
  46     return 0;
  47 }
  48
  49 static const cmdinfo_t close_cmd = {
  50     .name       = "close",
  51     .altname    = "c",
  52     .cfunc      = close_f,
  53     .oneline    = "close the current open file",
  54 };
  55
  56 static int openfile(char *name, int flags, bool writethrough, QDict *opts)
  57 {
  58     Error *local_err = NULL;
  59     BlockDriverState *bs;
  60
  61     if (qemuio_blk) {
  62         error_report("file open already, try 'help close'");
  63         QDECREF(opts);
  64         return 1;
  65     }
  66
  67     qemuio_blk = blk_new_open(name, NULL, opts, flags, &local_err);
  68     if (!qemuio_blk) {
  69         error_reportf_err(local_err, "can't open%s%s: ",
  70                           name ? " device " : "", name ?: "");
  71         return 1;
  72     }
  73
  74     bs = blk_bs(qemuio_blk);
  75     if (bdrv_is_encrypted(bs) && bdrv_key_required(bs)) {
  76         char password[256];
  77         printf("Disk image '%s' is encrypted.\n", name);
  78         if (qemu_read_password(password, sizeof(password)) < 0) {
  79             error_report("No password given");
  80             goto error;
  81         }
  82         if (bdrv_set_key(bs, password) < 0) {
  83             error_report("invalid password");
  84             goto error;
  85         }
  86     }
  87
  88     blk_set_enable_write_cache(qemuio_blk, !writethrough);
  89
  90     return 0;
  91
  92  error:
  93     blk_unref(qemuio_blk);
  94     qemuio_blk = NULL;
  95     return 1;
  96 }
  97
  98 static void open_help(void)
  99 {
 100     printf(
 101 "\n"
 102 " opens a new file in the requested mode\n"
 103 "\n"
 104 " Example:\n"
 105 " 'open -n -o driver=raw /tmp/data' - opens raw data file read-write, uncached\n"
 106 "\n"
 107 " Opens a file for subsequent use by all of the other qemu-io commands.\n"
 108 " -r, -- open file read-only\n"
 109 " -s, -- use snapshot file\n"
 110 " -n, -- disable host cache, short for -t none\n"
 111 " -k, -- use kernel AIO implementation (on Linux only)\n"
 112 " -t, -- use the given cache mode for the image\n"
 113 " -d, -- use the given discard mode for the image\n"
 114 " -o, -- options to be given to the block driver"
 115 "\n");
 116 }
 117
 118 static int open_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv);
 119
 120 static const cmdinfo_t open_cmd = {
 121     .name       = "open",
 122     .altname    = "o",
 123     .cfunc      = open_f,
 124     .argmin     = 1,
 125     .argmax     = -1,
 126     .flags      = CMD_NOFILE_OK,
 127     .args       = "[-rsnk] [-t cache] [-d discard] [-o options] [path]",
 128     .oneline    = "open the file specified by path",
 129     .help       = open_help,
 130 };
 131
 132 static QemuOptsList empty_opts = {
 133     .name = "drive",
 134     .merge_lists = true,
 135     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(empty_opts.head),
 136     .desc = {
 137         /* no elements => accept any params */
 138         { /* end of list */ }
 139     },
 140 };
 141
 142 static int open_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
 143 {
 144     int flags = BDRV_O_UNMAP;
 145     int readonly = 0;
 146     bool writethrough = true;
 147     int c;
 148     QemuOpts *qopts;
 149     QDict *opts;
 150
 151     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "snro:kt:d:")) != -1) {
 152         switch (c) {
 153         case 's':
 154             flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
 155             break;
 156         case 'n':
 157             flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE;
 158             writethrough = false;
 159             break;
 160         case 'r':
 161             readonly = 1;
 162             break;
 163         case 'k':
 164             flags |= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO;
 165             break;
 166         case 't':
 167             if (bdrv_parse_cache_mode(optarg, &flags, &writethrough) < 0) {
 168                 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", optarg);
 169                 qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 170                 return 0;
 171             }
 172             break;
 173         case 'd':
 174             if (bdrv_parse_discard_flags(optarg, &flags) < 0) {
 175                 error_report("Invalid discard option: %s", optarg);
 176                 qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 177                 return 0;
 178             }
 179             break;
 180         case 'o':
 181             if (imageOpts) {
 182                 printf("--image-opts and 'open -o' are mutually exclusive\n");
 183                 qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 184                 return 0;
 185             }
 186             if (!qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&empty_opts, optarg, false)) {
 187                 qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 188                 return 0;
 189             }
 190             break;
 191         default:
 192             qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 193             return qemuio_command_usage(&open_cmd);
 194         }
 195     }
 196
 197     if (!readonly) {
 198         flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
 199     }
 200
 201     if (imageOpts && (optind == argc - 1)) {
 202         if (!qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&empty_opts, argv[optind], false)) {
 203             qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 204             return 0;
 205         }
 206         optind++;
 207     }
 208
 209     qopts = qemu_opts_find(&empty_opts, NULL);
 210     opts = qopts ? qemu_opts_to_qdict(qopts, NULL) : NULL;
 211     qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 212
 213     if (optind == argc - 1) {
 214         return openfile(argv[optind], flags, writethrough, opts);
 215     } else if (optind == argc) {
 216         return openfile(NULL, flags, writethrough, opts);
 217     } else {
 218         QDECREF(opts);
 219         return qemuio_command_usage(&open_cmd);
 220     }
 221 }
 222
 223 static int quit_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
 224 {
 225     return 1;
 226 }
 227
 228 static const cmdinfo_t quit_cmd = {
 229     .name       = "quit",
 230     .altname    = "q",
 231     .cfunc      = quit_f,
 232     .argmin     = -1,
 233     .argmax     = -1,
 234     .flags      = CMD_FLAG_GLOBAL,
 235     .oneline    = "exit the program",
 236 };
 237
 238 static void usage(const char *name)
 239 {
 240     printf(
 241 "Usage: %s [OPTIONS]... [-c STRING]... [file]\n"
 242 "QEMU Disk exerciser\n"
 243 "\n"
 244 "  --object OBJECTDEF   define an object such as 'secret' for\n"
 245 "                       passwords and/or encryption keys\n"
 246 "  --image-opts         treat file as option string\n"
 247 "  -c, --cmd STRING     execute command with its arguments\n"
 248 "                       from the given string\n"
 249 "  -f, --format FMT     specifies the block driver to use\n"
 250 "  -r, --read-only      export read-only\n"
 251 "  -s, --snapshot       use snapshot file\n"
 252 "  -n, --nocache        disable host cache, short for -t none\n"
 253 "  -m, --misalign       misalign allocations for O_DIRECT\n"
 254 "  -k, --native-aio     use kernel AIO implementation (on Linux only)\n"
 255 "  -t, --cache=MODE     use the given cache mode for the image\n"
 256 "  -d, --discard=MODE   use the given discard mode for the image\n"
 257 "  -T, --trace [[enable=]<pattern>][,events=<file>][,file=<file>]\n"
 258 "                       specify tracing options\n"
 259 "                       see qemu-img(1) man page for full description\n"
 260 "  -h, --help           display this help and exit\n"
 261 "  -V, --version        output version information and exit\n"
 262 "\n"
 263 "See '%s -c help' for information on available commands."
 264 "\n",
 265     name, name);
 266 }
 267
 268 static char *get_prompt(void)
 269 {
 270     static char prompt[FILENAME_MAX + 2 /*"> "*/ + 1 /*"\0"*/ ];
 271
 272     if (!prompt[0]) {
 273         snprintf(prompt, sizeof(prompt), "%s> ", progname);
 274     }
 275
 276     return prompt;
 277 }
 278
 279 static void GCC_FMT_ATTR(2, 3) readline_printf_func(void *opaque,
 280                                                     const char *fmt, ...)
 281 {
 282     va_list ap;
 283     va_start(ap, fmt);
 284     vprintf(fmt, ap);
 285     va_end(ap);
 286 }
 287
 288 static void readline_flush_func(void *opaque)
 289 {
 290     fflush(stdout);
 291 }
 292
 293 static void readline_func(void *opaque, const char *str, void *readline_opaque)
 294 {
 295     char **line = readline_opaque;
 296     *line = g_strdup(str);
 297 }
 298
 299 static void completion_match(const char *cmd, void *opaque)
 300 {
 301     readline_add_completion(readline_state, cmd);
 302 }
 303
 304 static void readline_completion_func(void *opaque, const char *str)
 305 {
 306     readline_set_completion_index(readline_state, strlen(str));
 307     qemuio_complete_command(str, completion_match, NULL);
 308 }
 309
 310 static char *fetchline_readline(void)
 311 {
 312     char *line = NULL;
 313
 314     readline_start(readline_state, get_prompt(), 0, readline_func, &line);
 315     while (!line) {
 316         int ch = getchar();
 317         if (ch == EOF) {
 318             break;
 319         }
 320         readline_handle_byte(readline_state, ch);
 321     }
 322     return line;
 323 }
 324
 325 #define MAXREADLINESZ 1024
 326 static char *fetchline_fgets(void)
 327 {
 328     char *p, *line = g_malloc(MAXREADLINESZ);
 329
 330     if (!fgets(line, MAXREADLINESZ, stdin)) {
 331         g_free(line);
 332         return NULL;
 333     }
 334
 335     p = line + strlen(line);
 336     if (p != line && p[-1] == '\n') {
 337         p[-1] = '\0';
 338     }
 339
 340     return line;
 341 }
 342
 343 static char *fetchline(void)
 344 {
 345     if (readline_state) {
 346         return fetchline_readline();
 347     } else {
 348         return fetchline_fgets();
 349     }
 350 }
 351
 352 static void prep_fetchline(void *opaque)
 353 {
 354     int *fetchable = opaque;
 355
 356     qemu_set_fd_handler(STDIN_FILENO, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 357     *fetchable= 1;
 358 }
 359
 360 static void command_loop(void)
 361 {
 362     int i, done = 0, fetchable = 0, prompted = 0;
 363     char *input;
 364
 365     for (i = 0; !done && i < ncmdline; i++) {
 366         done = qemuio_command(qemuio_blk, cmdline[i]);
 367     }
 368     if (cmdline) {
 369         g_free(cmdline);
 370         return;
 371     }
 372
 373     while (!done) {
 374         if (!prompted) {
 375             printf("%s", get_prompt());
 376             fflush(stdout);
 377             qemu_set_fd_handler(STDIN_FILENO, prep_fetchline, NULL, &fetchable);
 378             prompted = 1;
 379         }
 380
 381         main_loop_wait(false);
 382
 383         if (!fetchable) {
 384             continue;
 385         }
 386
 387         input = fetchline();
 388         if (input == NULL) {
 389             break;
 390         }
 391         done = qemuio_command(qemuio_blk, input);
 392         g_free(input);
 393
 394         prompted = 0;
 395         fetchable = 0;
 396     }
 397     qemu_set_fd_handler(STDIN_FILENO, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 398 }
 399
 400 static void add_user_command(char *optarg)
 401 {
 402     cmdline = g_renew(char *, cmdline, ++ncmdline);
 403     cmdline[ncmdline-1] = optarg;
 404 }
 405
 406 static void reenable_tty_echo(void)
 407 {
 408     qemu_set_tty_echo(STDIN_FILENO, true);
 409 }
 410
 411 enum {
 412     OPTION_OBJECT = 256,
 413     OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS = 257,
 414 };
 415
 416 static QemuOptsList qemu_object_opts = {
 417     .name = "object",
 418     .implied_opt_name = "qom-type",
 419     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_object_opts.head),
 420     .desc = {
 421         { }
 422     },
 423 };
 424
 425
 426 static QemuOptsList file_opts = {
 427     .name = "file",
 428     .implied_opt_name = "file",
 429     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(file_opts.head),
 430     .desc = {
 431         /* no elements => accept any params */
 432         { /* end of list */ }
 433     },
 434 };
 435
 436 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 437 {
 438     int readonly = 0;
 439     const char *sopt = "hVc:d:f:rsnmkt:T:";
 440     const struct option lopt[] = {
 441         { "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
 442         { "version", no_argument, NULL, 'V' },
 443         { "cmd", required_argument, NULL, 'c' },
 444         { "format", required_argument, NULL, 'f' },
 445         { "read-only", no_argument, NULL, 'r' },
 446         { "snapshot", no_argument, NULL, 's' },
 447         { "nocache", no_argument, NULL, 'n' },
 448         { "misalign", no_argument, NULL, 'm' },
 449         { "native-aio", no_argument, NULL, 'k' },
 450         { "discard", required_argument, NULL, 'd' },
 451         { "cache", required_argument, NULL, 't' },
 452         { "trace", required_argument, NULL, 'T' },
 453         { "object", required_argument, NULL, OPTION_OBJECT },
 454         { "image-opts", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS },
 455         { NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
 456     };
 457     int c;
 458     int opt_index = 0;
 459     int flags = BDRV_O_UNMAP;
 460     bool writethrough = true;
 461     Error *local_error = NULL;
 462     QDict *opts = NULL;
 463     const char *format = NULL;
 464     char *trace_file = NULL;
 465
 466 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX
 467     signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
 468 #endif
 469
 470     module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_TRACE);
 471     progname = basename(argv[0]);
 472     qemu_init_exec_dir(argv[0]);
 473
 474     qcrypto_init(&error_fatal);
 475
 476     module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_QOM);
 477     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_object_opts);
 478     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_trace_opts);
 479     bdrv_init();
 480
 481     while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, sopt, lopt, &opt_index)) != -1) {
 482         switch (c) {
 483         case 's':
 484             flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
 485             break;
 486         case 'n':
 487             flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE;
 488             writethrough = false;
 489             break;
 490         case 'd':
 491             if (bdrv_parse_discard_flags(optarg, &flags) < 0) {
 492                 error_report("Invalid discard option: %s", optarg);
 493                 exit(1);
 494             }
 495             break;
 496         case 'f':
 497             format = optarg;
 498             break;
 499         case 'c':
 500             add_user_command(optarg);
 501             break;
 502         case 'r':
 503             readonly = 1;
 504             break;
 505         case 'm':
 506             qemuio_misalign = true;
 507             break;
 508         case 'k':
 509             flags |= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO;
 510             break;
 511         case 't':
 512             if (bdrv_parse_cache_mode(optarg, &flags, &writethrough) < 0) {
 513                 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", optarg);
 514                 exit(1);
 515             }
 516             break;
 517         case 'T':
 518             g_free(trace_file);
 519             trace_file = trace_opt_parse(optarg);
 520             break;
 521         case 'V':
 522             printf("%s version %s\n", progname, QEMU_VERSION);
 523             exit(0);
 524         case 'h':
 525             usage(progname);
 526             exit(0);
 527         case OPTION_OBJECT: {
 528             QemuOpts *qopts;
 529             qopts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
 530                                             optarg, true);
 531             if (!qopts) {
 532                 exit(1);
 533             }
 534         }   break;
 535         case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
 536             imageOpts = true;
 537             break;
 538         default:
 539             usage(progname);
 540             exit(1);
 541         }
 542     }
 543
 544     if ((argc - optind) > 1) {
 545         usage(progname);
 546         exit(1);
 547     }
 548
 549     if (format && imageOpts) {
 550         error_report("--image-opts and -f are mutually exclusive");
 551         exit(1);
 552     }
 553
 554     if (qemu_init_main_loop(&local_error)) {
 555         error_report_err(local_error);
 556         exit(1);
 557     }
 558
 559     if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
 560                           user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
 561                           NULL, NULL)) {
 562         exit(1);
 563     }
 564
 565     if (!trace_init_backends()) {
 566         exit(1);
 567     }
 568     trace_init_file(trace_file);
 569     qemu_set_log(LOG_TRACE);
 570
 571     /* initialize commands */
 572     qemuio_add_command(&quit_cmd);
 573     qemuio_add_command(&open_cmd);
 574     qemuio_add_command(&close_cmd);
 575
 576     if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO)) {
 577         readline_state = readline_init(readline_printf_func,
 578                                        readline_flush_func,
 579                                        NULL,
 580                                        readline_completion_func);
 581         qemu_set_tty_echo(STDIN_FILENO, false);
 582         atexit(reenable_tty_echo);
 583     }
 584
 585     /* open the device */
 586     if (!readonly) {
 587         flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
 588     }
 589
 590     if ((argc - optind) == 1) {
 591         if (imageOpts) {
 592             QemuOpts *qopts = NULL;
 593             qopts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&file_opts, argv[optind], false);
 594             if (!qopts) {
 595                 exit(1);
 596             }
 597             opts = qemu_opts_to_qdict(qopts, NULL);
 598             openfile(NULL, flags, writethrough, opts);
 599         } else {
 600             if (format) {
 601                 opts = qdict_new();
 602                 qdict_put(opts, "driver", qstring_from_str(format));
 603             }
 604             openfile(argv[optind], flags, writethrough, opts);
 605         }
 606     }
 607     command_loop();
 608
 609     /*
 610      * Make sure all outstanding requests complete before the program exits.
 611      */
 612     bdrv_drain_all();
 613
 614     blk_unref(qemuio_blk);
 615     g_free(readline_state);
 616     return 0;
 617 }