net/net.c

   1 /*
   2  * QEMU System Emulator
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard
   5  *
   6  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
   7  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
   8  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
   9  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
  10  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
  11  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
  12  *
  13  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
  14  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
  15  *
  16  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
  17  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
  18  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
  19  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
  20  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
  21  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
  22  * THE SOFTWARE.
  23  */
  24
  25 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
  26
  27 #include "net/net.h"
  28 #include "clients.h"
  29 #include "hub.h"
  30 #include "hw/qdev-properties.h"
  31 #include "net/slirp.h"
  32 #include "net/eth.h"
  33 #include "util.h"
  34
  35 #include "monitor/monitor.h"
  36 #include "qemu/help_option.h"
  37 #include "qapi/qapi-commands-net.h"
  38 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-net.h"
  39 #include "qapi/qmp/qdict.h"
  40 #include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
  41 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
  42 #include "qemu/sockets.h"
  43 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
  44 #include "qemu/config-file.h"
  45 #include "qemu/ctype.h"
  46 #include "qemu/iov.h"
  47 #include "qemu/main-loop.h"
  48 #include "qemu/option.h"
  49 #include "qapi/error.h"
  50 #include "qapi/opts-visitor.h"
  51 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
  52 #include "sysemu/qtest.h"
  53 #include "sysemu/runstate.h"
  54 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
  55 #include "net/filter.h"
  56 #include "qapi/string-output-visitor.h"
  57
  58 /* Net bridge is currently not supported for W32. */
  59 #if !defined(_WIN32)
  60 # define CONFIG_NET_BRIDGE
  61 #endif
  62
  63 static VMChangeStateEntry *net_change_state_entry;
  64 static QTAILQ_HEAD(, NetClientState) net_clients;
  65
  66 /***********************************************************/
  67 /* network device redirectors */
  68
  69 int parse_host_port(struct sockaddr_in *saddr, const char *str,
  70                     Error **errp)
  71 {
  72     gchar **substrings;
  73     struct hostent *he;
  74     const char *addr, *p, *r;
  75     int port, ret = 0;
  76
  77     substrings = g_strsplit(str, ":", 2);
  78     if (!substrings || !substrings[0] || !substrings[1]) {
  79         error_setg(errp, "host address '%s' doesn't contain ':' "
  80                    "separating host from port", str);
  81         ret = -1;
  82         goto out;
  83     }
  84
  85     addr = substrings[0];
  86     p = substrings[1];
  87
  88     saddr->sin_family = AF_INET;
  89     if (addr[0] == '\0') {
  90         saddr->sin_addr.s_addr = 0;
  91     } else {
  92         if (qemu_isdigit(addr[0])) {
  93             if (!inet_aton(addr, &saddr->sin_addr)) {
  94                 error_setg(errp, "host address '%s' is not a valid "
  95                            "IPv4 address", addr);
  96                 ret = -1;
  97                 goto out;
  98             }
  99         } else {
 100             he = gethostbyname(addr);
 101             if (he == NULL) {
 102                 error_setg(errp, "can't resolve host address '%s'", addr);
 103                 ret = -1;
 104                 goto out;
 105             }
 106             saddr->sin_addr = *(struct in_addr *)he->h_addr;
 107         }
 108     }
 109     port = strtol(p, (char **)&r, 0);
 110     if (r == p) {
 111         error_setg(errp, "port number '%s' is invalid", p);
 112         ret = -1;
 113         goto out;
 114     }
 115     saddr->sin_port = htons(port);
 116
 117 out:
 118     g_strfreev(substrings);
 119     return ret;
 120 }
 121
 122 char *qemu_mac_strdup_printf(const uint8_t *macaddr)
 123 {
 124     return g_strdup_printf("%.2x:%.2x:%.2x:%.2x:%.2x:%.2x",
 125                            macaddr[0], macaddr[1], macaddr[2],
 126                            macaddr[3], macaddr[4], macaddr[5]);
 127 }
 128
 129 void qemu_format_nic_info_str(NetClientState *nc, uint8_t macaddr[6])
 130 {
 131     snprintf(nc->info_str, sizeof(nc->info_str),
 132              "model=%s,macaddr=%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x",
 133              nc->model,
 134              macaddr[0], macaddr[1], macaddr[2],
 135              macaddr[3], macaddr[4], macaddr[5]);
 136 }
 137
 138 static int mac_table[256] = {0};
 139
 140 static void qemu_macaddr_set_used(MACAddr *macaddr)
 141 {
 142     int index;
 143
 144     for (index = 0x56; index < 0xFF; index++) {
 145         if (macaddr->a[5] == index) {
 146             mac_table[index]++;
 147         }
 148     }
 149 }
 150
 151 static void qemu_macaddr_set_free(MACAddr *macaddr)
 152 {
 153     int index;
 154     static const MACAddr base = { .a = { 0x52, 0x54, 0x00, 0x12, 0x34, 0 } };
 155
 156     if (memcmp(macaddr->a, &base.a, (sizeof(base.a) - 1)) != 0) {
 157         return;
 158     }
 159     for (index = 0x56; index < 0xFF; index++) {
 160         if (macaddr->a[5] == index) {
 161             mac_table[index]--;
 162         }
 163     }
 164 }
 165
 166 static int qemu_macaddr_get_free(void)
 167 {
 168     int index;
 169
 170     for (index = 0x56; index < 0xFF; index++) {
 171         if (mac_table[index] == 0) {
 172             return index;
 173         }
 174     }
 175
 176     return -1;
 177 }
 178
 179 void qemu_macaddr_default_if_unset(MACAddr *macaddr)
 180 {
 181     static const MACAddr zero = { .a = { 0,0,0,0,0,0 } };
 182     static const MACAddr base = { .a = { 0x52, 0x54, 0x00, 0x12, 0x34, 0 } };
 183
 184     if (memcmp(macaddr, &zero, sizeof(zero)) != 0) {
 185         if (memcmp(macaddr->a, &base.a, (sizeof(base.a) - 1)) != 0) {
 186             return;
 187         } else {
 188             qemu_macaddr_set_used(macaddr);
 189             return;
 190         }
 191     }
 192
 193     macaddr->a[0] = 0x52;
 194     macaddr->a[1] = 0x54;
 195     macaddr->a[2] = 0x00;
 196     macaddr->a[3] = 0x12;
 197     macaddr->a[4] = 0x34;
 198     macaddr->a[5] = qemu_macaddr_get_free();
 199     qemu_macaddr_set_used(macaddr);
 200 }
 201
 202 /**
 203  * Generate a name for net client
 204  *
 205  * Only net clients created with the legacy -net option and NICs need this.
 206  */
 207 static char *assign_name(NetClientState *nc1, const char *model)
 208 {
 209     NetClientState *nc;
 210     int id = 0;
 211
 212     QTAILQ_FOREACH(nc, &net_clients, next) {
 213         if (nc == nc1) {
 214             continue;
 215         }
 216         if (strcmp(nc->model, model) == 0) {
 217             id++;
 218         }
 219     }
 220
 221     return g_strdup_printf("%s.%d", model, id);
 222 }
 223
 224 static void qemu_net_client_destructor(NetClientState *nc)
 225 {
 226     g_free(nc);
 227 }
 228 static ssize_t qemu_deliver_packet_iov(NetClientState *sender,
 229                                        unsigned flags,
 230                                        const struct iovec *iov,
 231                                        int iovcnt,
 232                                        void *opaque);
 233
 234 static void qemu_net_client_setup(NetClientState *nc,
 235                                   NetClientInfo *info,
 236                                   NetClientState *peer,
 237                                   const char *model,
 238                                   const char *name,
 239                                   NetClientDestructor *destructor)
 240 {
 241     nc->info = info;
 242     nc->model = g_strdup(model);
 243     if (name) {
 244         nc->name = g_strdup(name);
 245     } else {
 246         nc->name = assign_name(nc, model);
 247     }
 248
 249     if (peer) {
 250         assert(!peer->peer);
 251         nc->peer = peer;
 252         peer->peer = nc;
 253     }
 254     QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&net_clients, nc, next);
 255
 256     nc->incoming_queue = qemu_new_net_queue(qemu_deliver_packet_iov, nc);
 257     nc->destructor = destructor;
 258     QTAILQ_INIT(&nc->filters);
 259 }
 260
 261 NetClientState *qemu_new_net_client(NetClientInfo *info,
 262                                     NetClientState *peer,
 263                                     const char *model,
 264                                     const char *name)
 265 {
 266     NetClientState *nc;
 267
 268     assert(info->size >= sizeof(NetClientState));
 269
 270     nc = g_malloc0(info->size);
 271     qemu_net_client_setup(nc, info, peer, model, name,
 272                           qemu_net_client_destructor);
 273
 274     return nc;
 275 }
 276
 277 NICState *qemu_new_nic(NetClientInfo *info,
 278                        NICConf *conf,
 279                        const char *model,
 280                        const char *name,
 281                        void *opaque)
 282 {
 283     NetClientState **peers = conf->peers.ncs;
 284     NICState *nic;
 285     int i, queues = MAX(1, conf->peers.queues);
 286
 287     assert(info->type == NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC);
 288     assert(info->size >= sizeof(NICState));
 289
 290     nic = g_malloc0(info->size + sizeof(NetClientState) * queues);
 291     nic->ncs = (void *)nic + info->size;
 292     nic->conf = conf;
 293     nic->opaque = opaque;
 294
 295     for (i = 0; i < queues; i++) {
 296         qemu_net_client_setup(&nic->ncs[i], info, peers[i], model, name,
 297                               NULL);
 298         nic->ncs[i].queue_index = i;
 299     }
 300
 301     return nic;
 302 }
 303
 304 NetClientState *qemu_get_subqueue(NICState *nic, int queue_index)
 305 {
 306     return nic->ncs + queue_index;
 307 }
 308
 309 NetClientState *qemu_get_queue(NICState *nic)
 310 {
 311     return qemu_get_subqueue(nic, 0);
 312 }
 313
 314 NICState *qemu_get_nic(NetClientState *nc)
 315 {
 316     NetClientState *nc0 = nc - nc->queue_index;
 317
 318     return (NICState *)((void *)nc0 - nc->info->size);
 319 }
 320
 321 void *qemu_get_nic_opaque(NetClientState *nc)
 322 {
 323     NICState *nic = qemu_get_nic(nc);
 324
 325     return nic->opaque;
 326 }
 327
 328 NetClientState *qemu_get_peer(NetClientState *nc, int queue_index)
 329 {
 330     assert(nc != NULL);
 331     NetClientState *ncs = nc + queue_index;
 332     return ncs->peer;
 333 }
 334
 335 static void qemu_cleanup_net_client(NetClientState *nc)
 336 {
 337     QTAILQ_REMOVE(&net_clients, nc, next);
 338
 339     if (nc->info->cleanup) {
 340         nc->info->cleanup(nc);
 341     }
 342 }
 343
 344 static void qemu_free_net_client(NetClientState *nc)
 345 {
 346     if (nc->incoming_queue) {
 347         qemu_del_net_queue(nc->incoming_queue);
 348     }
 349     if (nc->peer) {
 350         nc->peer->peer = NULL;
 351     }
 352     g_free(nc->name);
 353     g_free(nc->model);
 354     if (nc->destructor) {
 355         nc->destructor(nc);
 356     }
 357 }
 358
 359 void qemu_del_net_client(NetClientState *nc)
 360 {
 361     NetClientState *ncs[MAX_QUEUE_NUM];
 362     int queues, i;
 363     NetFilterState *nf, *next;
 364
 365     assert(nc->info->type != NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC);
 366
 367     /* If the NetClientState belongs to a multiqueue backend, we will change all
 368      * other NetClientStates also.
 369      */
 370     queues = qemu_find_net_clients_except(nc->name, ncs,
 371                                           NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC,
 372                                           MAX_QUEUE_NUM);
 373     assert(queues != 0);
 374
 375     QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(nf, &nc->filters, next, next) {
 376         object_unparent(OBJECT(nf));
 377     }
 378
 379     /* If there is a peer NIC, delete and cleanup client, but do not free. */
 380     if (nc->peer && nc->peer->info->type == NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC) {
 381         NICState *nic = qemu_get_nic(nc->peer);
 382         if (nic->peer_deleted) {
 383             return;
 384         }
 385         nic->peer_deleted = true;
 386
 387         for (i = 0; i < queues; i++) {
 388             ncs[i]->peer->link_down = true;
 389         }
 390
 391         if (nc->peer->info->link_status_changed) {
 392             nc->peer->info->link_status_changed(nc->peer);
 393         }
 394
 395         for (i = 0; i < queues; i++) {
 396             qemu_cleanup_net_client(ncs[i]);
 397         }
 398
 399         return;
 400     }
 401
 402     for (i = 0; i < queues; i++) {
 403         qemu_cleanup_net_client(ncs[i]);
 404         qemu_free_net_client(ncs[i]);
 405     }
 406 }
 407
 408 void qemu_del_nic(NICState *nic)
 409 {
 410     int i, queues = MAX(nic->conf->peers.queues, 1);
 411
 412     qemu_macaddr_set_free(&nic->conf->macaddr);
 413
 414     /* If this is a peer NIC and peer has already been deleted, free it now. */
 415     if (nic->peer_deleted) {
 416         for (i = 0; i < queues; i++) {
 417             qemu_free_net_client(qemu_get_subqueue(nic, i)->peer);
 418         }
 419     }
 420
 421     for (i = queues - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
 422         NetClientState *nc = qemu_get_subqueue(nic, i);
 423
 424         qemu_cleanup_net_client(nc);
 425         qemu_free_net_client(nc);
 426     }
 427
 428     g_free(nic);
 429 }
 430
 431 void qemu_foreach_nic(qemu_nic_foreach func, void *opaque)
 432 {
 433     NetClientState *nc;
 434
 435     QTAILQ_FOREACH(nc, &net_clients, next) {
 436         if (nc->info->type == NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC) {
 437             if (nc->queue_index == 0) {
 438                 func(qemu_get_nic(nc), opaque);
 439             }
 440         }
 441     }
 442 }
 443
 444 bool qemu_has_ufo(NetClientState *nc)
 445 {
 446     if (!nc || !nc->info->has_ufo) {
 447         return false;
 448     }
 449
 450     return nc->info->has_ufo(nc);
 451 }
 452
 453 bool qemu_has_vnet_hdr(NetClientState *nc)
 454 {
 455     if (!nc || !nc->info->has_vnet_hdr) {
 456         return false;
 457     }
 458
 459     return nc->info->has_vnet_hdr(nc);
 460 }
 461
 462 bool qemu_has_vnet_hdr_len(NetClientState *nc, int len)
 463 {
 464     if (!nc || !nc->info->has_vnet_hdr_len) {
 465         return false;
 466     }
 467
 468     return nc->info->has_vnet_hdr_len(nc, len);
 469 }
 470
 471 void qemu_using_vnet_hdr(NetClientState *nc, bool enable)
 472 {
 473     if (!nc || !nc->info->using_vnet_hdr) {
 474         return;
 475     }
 476
 477     nc->info->using_vnet_hdr(nc, enable);
 478 }
 479
 480 void qemu_set_offload(NetClientState *nc, int csum, int tso4, int tso6,
 481                           int ecn, int ufo)
 482 {
 483     if (!nc || !nc->info->set_offload) {
 484         return;
 485     }
 486
 487     nc->info->set_offload(nc, csum, tso4, tso6, ecn, ufo);
 488 }
 489
 490 void qemu_set_vnet_hdr_len(NetClientState *nc, int len)
 491 {
 492     if (!nc || !nc->info->set_vnet_hdr_len) {
 493         return;
 494     }
 495
 496     nc->vnet_hdr_len = len;
 497     nc->info->set_vnet_hdr_len(nc, len);
 498 }
 499
 500 int qemu_set_vnet_le(NetClientState *nc, bool is_le)
 501 {
 502 #ifdef HOST_WORDS_BIGENDIAN
 503     if (!nc || !nc->info->set_vnet_le) {
 504         return -ENOSYS;
 505     }
 506
 507     return nc->info->set_vnet_le(nc, is_le);
 508 #else
 509     return 0;
 510 #endif
 511 }
 512
 513 int qemu_set_vnet_be(NetClientState *nc, bool is_be)
 514 {
 515 #ifdef HOST_WORDS_BIGENDIAN
 516     return 0;
 517 #else
 518     if (!nc || !nc->info->set_vnet_be) {
 519         return -ENOSYS;
 520     }
 521
 522     return nc->info->set_vnet_be(nc, is_be);
 523 #endif
 524 }
 525
 526 int qemu_can_send_packet(NetClientState *sender)
 527 {
 528     int vm_running = runstate_is_running();
 529
 530     if (!vm_running) {
 531         return 0;
 532     }
 533
 534     if (!sender->peer) {
 535         return 1;
 536     }
 537
 538     if (sender->peer->receive_disabled) {
 539         return 0;
 540     } else if (sender->peer->info->can_receive &&
 541                !sender->peer->info->can_receive(sender->peer)) {
 542         return 0;
 543     }
 544     return 1;
 545 }
 546
 547 static ssize_t filter_receive_iov(NetClientState *nc,
 548                                   NetFilterDirection direction,
 549                                   NetClientState *sender,
 550                                   unsigned flags,
 551                                   const struct iovec *iov,
 552                                   int iovcnt,
 553                                   NetPacketSent *sent_cb)
 554 {
 555     ssize_t ret = 0;
 556     NetFilterState *nf = NULL;
 557
 558     if (direction == NET_FILTER_DIRECTION_TX) {
 559         QTAILQ_FOREACH(nf, &nc->filters, next) {
 560             ret = qemu_netfilter_receive(nf, direction, sender, flags, iov,
 561                                          iovcnt, sent_cb);
 562             if (ret) {
 563                 return ret;
 564             }
 565         }
 566     } else {
 567         QTAILQ_FOREACH_REVERSE(nf, &nc->filters, next) {
 568             ret = qemu_netfilter_receive(nf, direction, sender, flags, iov,
 569                                          iovcnt, sent_cb);
 570             if (ret) {
 571                 return ret;
 572             }
 573         }
 574     }
 575
 576     return ret;
 577 }
 578
 579 static ssize_t filter_receive(NetClientState *nc,
 580                               NetFilterDirection direction,
 581                               NetClientState *sender,
 582                               unsigned flags,
 583                               const uint8_t *data,
 584                               size_t size,
 585                               NetPacketSent *sent_cb)
 586 {
 587     struct iovec iov = {
 588         .iov_base = (void *)data,
 589         .iov_len = size
 590     };
 591
 592     return filter_receive_iov(nc, direction, sender, flags, &iov, 1, sent_cb);
 593 }
 594
 595 void qemu_purge_queued_packets(NetClientState *nc)
 596 {
 597     if (!nc->peer) {
 598         return;
 599     }
 600
 601     qemu_net_queue_purge(nc->peer->incoming_queue, nc);
 602 }
 603
 604 void qemu_flush_or_purge_queued_packets(NetClientState *nc, bool purge)
 605 {
 606     nc->receive_disabled = 0;
 607
 608     if (nc->peer && nc->peer->info->type == NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_HUBPORT) {
 609         if (net_hub_flush(nc->peer)) {
 610             qemu_notify_event();
 611         }
 612     }
 613     if (qemu_net_queue_flush(nc->incoming_queue)) {
 614         /* We emptied the queue successfully, signal to the IO thread to repoll
 615          * the file descriptor (for tap, for example).
 616          */
 617         qemu_notify_event();
 618     } else if (purge) {
 619         /* Unable to empty the queue, purge remaining packets */
 620         qemu_net_queue_purge(nc->incoming_queue, nc->peer);
 621     }
 622 }
 623
 624 void qemu_flush_queued_packets(NetClientState *nc)
 625 {
 626     qemu_flush_or_purge_queued_packets(nc, false);
 627 }
 628
 629 static ssize_t qemu_send_packet_async_with_flags(NetClientState *sender,
 630                                                  unsigned flags,
 631                                                  const uint8_t *buf, int size,
 632                                                  NetPacketSent *sent_cb)
 633 {
 634     NetQueue *queue;
 635     int ret;
 636
 637 #ifdef DEBUG_NET
 638     printf("qemu_send_packet_async:\n");
 639     qemu_hexdump((const char *)buf, stdout, "net", size);
 640 #endif
 641
 642     if (sender->link_down || !sender->peer) {
 643         return size;
 644     }
 645
 646     /* Let filters handle the packet first */
 647     ret = filter_receive(sender, NET_FILTER_DIRECTION_TX,
 648                          sender, flags, buf, size, sent_cb);
 649     if (ret) {
 650         return ret;
 651     }
 652
 653     ret = filter_receive(sender->peer, NET_FILTER_DIRECTION_RX,
 654                          sender, flags, buf, size, sent_cb);
 655     if (ret) {
 656         return ret;
 657     }
 658
 659     queue = sender->peer->incoming_queue;
 660
 661     return qemu_net_queue_send(queue, sender, flags, buf, size, sent_cb);
 662 }
 663
 664 ssize_t qemu_send_packet_async(NetClientState *sender,
 665                                const uint8_t *buf, int size,
 666                                NetPacketSent *sent_cb)
 667 {
 668     return qemu_send_packet_async_with_flags(sender, QEMU_NET_PACKET_FLAG_NONE,
 669                                              buf, size, sent_cb);
 670 }
 671
 672 ssize_t qemu_send_packet(NetClientState *nc, const uint8_t *buf, int size)
 673 {
 674     return qemu_send_packet_async(nc, buf, size, NULL);
 675 }
 676
 677 ssize_t qemu_send_packet_raw(NetClientState *nc, const uint8_t *buf, int size)
 678 {
 679     return qemu_send_packet_async_with_flags(nc, QEMU_NET_PACKET_FLAG_RAW,
 680                                              buf, size, NULL);
 681 }
 682
 683 static ssize_t nc_sendv_compat(NetClientState *nc, const struct iovec *iov,
 684                                int iovcnt, unsigned flags)
 685 {
 686     uint8_t *buf = NULL;
 687     uint8_t *buffer;
 688     size_t offset;
 689     ssize_t ret;
 690
 691     if (iovcnt == 1) {
 692         buffer = iov[0].iov_base;
 693         offset = iov[0].iov_len;
 694     } else {
 695         offset = iov_size(iov, iovcnt);
 696         if (offset > NET_BUFSIZE) {
 697             return -1;
 698         }
 699         buf = g_malloc(offset);
 700         buffer = buf;
 701         offset = iov_to_buf(iov, iovcnt, 0, buf, offset);
 702     }
 703
 704     if (flags & QEMU_NET_PACKET_FLAG_RAW && nc->info->receive_raw) {
 705         ret = nc->info->receive_raw(nc, buffer, offset);
 706     } else {
 707         ret = nc->info->receive(nc, buffer, offset);
 708     }
 709
 710     g_free(buf);
 711     return ret;
 712 }
 713
 714 static ssize_t qemu_deliver_packet_iov(NetClientState *sender,
 715                                        unsigned flags,
 716                                        const struct iovec *iov,
 717                                        int iovcnt,
 718                                        void *opaque)
 719 {
 720     NetClientState *nc = opaque;
 721     int ret;
 722
 723
 724     if (nc->link_down) {
 725         return iov_size(iov, iovcnt);
 726     }
 727
 728     if (nc->receive_disabled) {
 729         return 0;
 730     }
 731
 732     if (nc->info->receive_iov && !(flags & QEMU_NET_PACKET_FLAG_RAW)) {
 733         ret = nc->info->receive_iov(nc, iov, iovcnt);
 734     } else {
 735         ret = nc_sendv_compat(nc, iov, iovcnt, flags);
 736     }
 737
 738     if (ret == 0) {
 739         nc->receive_disabled = 1;
 740     }
 741
 742     return ret;
 743 }
 744
 745 ssize_t qemu_sendv_packet_async(NetClientState *sender,
 746                                 const struct iovec *iov, int iovcnt,
 747                                 NetPacketSent *sent_cb)
 748 {
 749     NetQueue *queue;
 750     size_t size = iov_size(iov, iovcnt);
 751     int ret;
 752
 753     if (size > NET_BUFSIZE) {
 754         return size;
 755     }
 756
 757     if (sender->link_down || !sender->peer) {
 758         return size;
 759     }
 760
 761     /* Let filters handle the packet first */
 762     ret = filter_receive_iov(sender, NET_FILTER_DIRECTION_TX, sender,
 763                              QEMU_NET_PACKET_FLAG_NONE, iov, iovcnt, sent_cb);
 764     if (ret) {
 765         return ret;
 766     }
 767
 768     ret = filter_receive_iov(sender->peer, NET_FILTER_DIRECTION_RX, sender,
 769                              QEMU_NET_PACKET_FLAG_NONE, iov, iovcnt, sent_cb);
 770     if (ret) {
 771         return ret;
 772     }
 773
 774     queue = sender->peer->incoming_queue;
 775
 776     return qemu_net_queue_send_iov(queue, sender,
 777                                    QEMU_NET_PACKET_FLAG_NONE,
 778                                    iov, iovcnt, sent_cb);
 779 }
 780
 781 ssize_t
 782 qemu_sendv_packet(NetClientState *nc, const struct iovec *iov, int iovcnt)
 783 {
 784     return qemu_sendv_packet_async(nc, iov, iovcnt, NULL);
 785 }
 786
 787 NetClientState *qemu_find_netdev(const char *id)
 788 {
 789     NetClientState *nc;
 790
 791     QTAILQ_FOREACH(nc, &net_clients, next) {
 792         if (nc->info->type == NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC)
 793             continue;
 794         if (!strcmp(nc->name, id)) {
 795             return nc;
 796         }
 797     }
 798
 799     return NULL;
 800 }
 801
 802 int qemu_find_net_clients_except(const char *id, NetClientState **ncs,
 803                                  NetClientDriver type, int max)
 804 {
 805     NetClientState *nc;
 806     int ret = 0;
 807
 808     QTAILQ_FOREACH(nc, &net_clients, next) {
 809         if (nc->info->type == type) {
 810             continue;
 811         }
 812         if (!id || !strcmp(nc->name, id)) {
 813             if (ret < max) {
 814                 ncs[ret] = nc;
 815             }
 816             ret++;
 817         }
 818     }
 819
 820     return ret;
 821 }
 822
 823 static int nic_get_free_idx(void)
 824 {
 825     int index;
 826
 827     for (index = 0; index < MAX_NICS; index++)
 828         if (!nd_table[index].used)
 829             return index;
 830     return -1;
 831 }
 832
 833 int qemu_show_nic_models(const char *arg, const char *const *models)
 834 {
 835     int i;
 836
 837     if (!arg || !is_help_option(arg)) {
 838         return 0;
 839     }
 840
 841     printf("Supported NIC models:\n");
 842     for (i = 0 ; models[i]; i++) {
 843         printf("%s\n", models[i]);
 844     }
 845     return 1;
 846 }
 847
 848 void qemu_check_nic_model(NICInfo *nd, const char *model)
 849 {
 850     const char *models[2];
 851
 852     models[0] = model;
 853     models[1] = NULL;
 854
 855     if (qemu_show_nic_models(nd->model, models))
 856         exit(0);
 857     if (qemu_find_nic_model(nd, models, model) < 0)
 858         exit(1);
 859 }
 860
 861 int qemu_find_nic_model(NICInfo *nd, const char * const *models,
 862                         const char *default_model)
 863 {
 864     int i;
 865
 866     if (!nd->model)
 867         nd->model = g_strdup(default_model);
 868
 869     for (i = 0 ; models[i]; i++) {
 870         if (strcmp(nd->model, models[i]) == 0)
 871             return i;
 872     }
 873
 874     error_report("Unsupported NIC model: %s", nd->model);
 875     return -1;
 876 }
 877
 878 static int net_init_nic(const Netdev *netdev, const char *name,
 879                         NetClientState *peer, Error **errp)
 880 {
 881     int idx;
 882     NICInfo *nd;
 883     const NetLegacyNicOptions *nic;
 884
 885     assert(netdev->type == NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC);
 886     nic = &netdev->u.nic;
 887
 888     idx = nic_get_free_idx();
 889     if (idx == -1 || nb_nics >= MAX_NICS) {
 890         error_setg(errp, "too many NICs");
 891         return -1;
 892     }
 893
 894     nd = &nd_table[idx];
 895
 896     memset(nd, 0, sizeof(*nd));
 897
 898     if (nic->has_netdev) {
 899         nd->netdev = qemu_find_netdev(nic->netdev);
 900         if (!nd->netdev) {
 901             error_setg(errp, "netdev '%s' not found", nic->netdev);
 902             return -1;
 903         }
 904     } else {
 905         assert(peer);
 906         nd->netdev = peer;
 907     }
 908     nd->name = g_strdup(name);
 909     if (nic->has_model) {
 910         nd->model = g_strdup(nic->model);
 911     }
 912     if (nic->has_addr) {
 913         nd->devaddr = g_strdup(nic->addr);
 914     }
 915
 916     if (nic->has_macaddr &&
 917         net_parse_macaddr(nd->macaddr.a, nic->macaddr) < 0) {
 918         error_setg(errp, "invalid syntax for ethernet address");
 919         return -1;
 920     }
 921     if (nic->has_macaddr &&
 922         is_multicast_ether_addr(nd->macaddr.a)) {
 923         error_setg(errp,
 924                    "NIC cannot have multicast MAC address (odd 1st byte)");
 925         return -1;
 926     }
 927     qemu_macaddr_default_if_unset(&nd->macaddr);
 928
 929     if (nic->has_vectors) {
 930         if (nic->vectors > 0x7ffffff) {
 931             error_setg(errp, "invalid # of vectors: %"PRIu32, nic->vectors);
 932             return -1;
 933         }
 934         nd->nvectors = nic->vectors;
 935     } else {
 936         nd->nvectors = DEV_NVECTORS_UNSPECIFIED;
 937     }
 938
 939     nd->used = 1;
 940     nb_nics++;
 941
 942     return idx;
 943 }
 944
 945
 946 static int (* const net_client_init_fun[NET_CLIENT_DRIVER__MAX])(
 947     const Netdev *netdev,
 948     const char *name,
 949     NetClientState *peer, Error **errp) = {
 950         [NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC]       = net_init_nic,
 951 #ifdef CONFIG_SLIRP
 952         [NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_USER]      = net_init_slirp,
 953 #endif
 954         [NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_TAP]       = net_init_tap,
 955         [NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_SOCKET]    = net_init_socket,
 956 #ifdef CONFIG_VDE
 957         [NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_VDE]       = net_init_vde,
 958 #endif
 959 #ifdef CONFIG_NETMAP
 960         [NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NETMAP]    = net_init_netmap,
 961 #endif
 962 #ifdef CONFIG_NET_BRIDGE
 963         [NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_BRIDGE]    = net_init_bridge,
 964 #endif
 965         [NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_HUBPORT]   = net_init_hubport,
 966 #ifdef CONFIG_VHOST_NET_USER
 967         [NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_VHOST_USER] = net_init_vhost_user,
 968 #endif
 969 #ifdef CONFIG_VHOST_NET_VDPA
 970         [NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_VHOST_VDPA] = net_init_vhost_vdpa,
 971 #endif
 972 #ifdef CONFIG_L2TPV3
 973         [NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_L2TPV3]    = net_init_l2tpv3,
 974 #endif
 975 };
 976
 977
 978 static int net_client_init1(const Netdev *netdev, bool is_netdev, Error **errp)
 979 {
 980     NetClientState *peer = NULL;
 981
 982     if (is_netdev) {
 983         if (netdev->type == NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC ||
 984             !net_client_init_fun[netdev->type]) {
 985             error_setg(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "type",
 986                        "a netdev backend type");
 987             return -1;
 988         }
 989     } else {
 990         if (netdev->type == NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NONE) {
 991             return 0; /* nothing to do */
 992         }
 993         if (netdev->type == NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_HUBPORT ||
 994             !net_client_init_fun[netdev->type]) {
 995             error_setg(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "type",
 996                        "a net backend type (maybe it is not compiled "
 997                        "into this binary)");
 998             return -1;
 999         }
1000
1001         /* Do not add to a hub if it's a nic with a netdev= parameter. */
1002         if (netdev->type != NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC ||
1003             !netdev->u.nic.has_netdev) {
1004             peer = net_hub_add_port(0, NULL, NULL);
1005         }
1006     }
1007
1008     if (net_client_init_fun[netdev->type](netdev, netdev->id, peer, errp) < 0) {
1009         /* FIXME drop when all init functions store an Error */
1010         if (errp && !*errp) {
1011             error_setg(errp, QERR_DEVICE_INIT_FAILED,
1012                        NetClientDriver_str(netdev->type));
1013         }
1014         return -1;
1015     }
1016
1017     if (is_netdev) {
1018         NetClientState *nc;
1019
1020         nc = qemu_find_netdev(netdev->id);
1021         assert(nc);
1022         nc->is_netdev = true;
1023     }
1024
1025     return 0;
1026 }
1027
1028 static void show_netdevs(void)
1029 {
1030     int idx;
1031     const char *available_netdevs[] = {
1032         "socket",
1033         "hubport",
1034         "tap",
1035 #ifdef CONFIG_SLIRP
1036         "user",
1037 #endif
1038 #ifdef CONFIG_L2TPV3
1039         "l2tpv3",
1040 #endif
1041 #ifdef CONFIG_VDE
1042         "vde",
1043 #endif
1044 #ifdef CONFIG_NET_BRIDGE
1045         "bridge",
1046 #endif
1047 #ifdef CONFIG_NETMAP
1048         "netmap",
1049 #endif
1050 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX
1051         "vhost-user",
1052 #endif
1053     };
1054
1055     printf("Available netdev backend types:\n");
1056     for (idx = 0; idx < ARRAY_SIZE(available_netdevs); idx++) {
1057         puts(available_netdevs[idx]);
1058     }
1059 }
1060
1061 static int net_client_init(QemuOpts *opts, bool is_netdev, Error **errp)
1062 {
1063     gchar **substrings = NULL;
1064     Netdev *object = NULL;
1065     int ret = -1;
1066     Visitor *v = opts_visitor_new(opts);
1067
1068     const char *type = qemu_opt_get(opts, "type");
1069
1070     if (is_netdev && type && is_help_option(type)) {
1071         show_netdevs();
1072         exit(0);
1073     } else {
1074         /* Parse convenience option format ip6-net=fec0::0[/64] */
1075         const char *ip6_net = qemu_opt_get(opts, "ipv6-net");
1076
1077         if (ip6_net) {
1078             char *prefix_addr;
1079             unsigned long prefix_len = 64; /* Default 64bit prefix length. */
1080
1081             substrings = g_strsplit(ip6_net, "/", 2);
1082             if (!substrings || !substrings[0]) {
1083                 error_setg(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "ipv6-net",
1084                            "a valid IPv6 prefix");
1085                 goto out;
1086             }
1087
1088             prefix_addr = substrings[0];
1089
1090             /* Handle user-specified prefix length. */
1091             if (substrings[1] &&
1092                 qemu_strtoul(substrings[1], NULL, 10, &prefix_len))
1093             {
1094                 error_setg(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE,
1095                            "ipv6-prefixlen", "a number");
1096                 goto out;
1097             }
1098
1099             qemu_opt_set(opts, "ipv6-prefix", prefix_addr, &error_abort);
1100             qemu_opt_set_number(opts, "ipv6-prefixlen", prefix_len,
1101                                 &error_abort);
1102             qemu_opt_unset(opts, "ipv6-net");
1103         }
1104     }
1105
1106     /* Create an ID for -net if the user did not specify one */
1107     if (!is_netdev && !qemu_opts_id(opts)) {
1108         static int idx;
1109         qemu_opts_set_id(opts, g_strdup_printf("__org.qemu.net%i", idx++));
1110     }
1111
1112     if (visit_type_Netdev(v, NULL, &object, errp)) {
1113         ret = net_client_init1(object, is_netdev, errp);
1114     }
1115
1116     qapi_free_Netdev(object);
1117
1118 out:
1119     g_strfreev(substrings);
1120     visit_free(v);
1121     return ret;
1122 }
1123
1124 void netdev_add(QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
1125 {
1126     net_client_init(opts, true, errp);
1127 }
1128
1129 void qmp_netdev_add(Netdev *netdev, Error **errp)
1130 {
1131     net_client_init1(netdev, true, errp);
1132 }
1133
1134 void qmp_netdev_del(const char *id, Error **errp)
1135 {
1136     NetClientState *nc;
1137
1138     nc = qemu_find_netdev(id);
1139     if (!nc) {
1140         error_set(errp, ERROR_CLASS_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND,
1141                   "Device '%s' not found", id);
1142         return;
1143     }
1144
1145     if (!nc->is_netdev) {
1146         error_setg(errp, "Device '%s' is not a netdev", id);
1147         return;
1148     }
1149
1150     qemu_del_net_client(nc);
1151 }
1152
1153 static void netfilter_print_info(Monitor *mon, NetFilterState *nf)
1154 {
1155     char *str;
1156     ObjectProperty *prop;
1157     ObjectPropertyIterator iter;
1158     Visitor *v;
1159
1160     /* generate info str */
1161     object_property_iter_init(&iter, OBJECT(nf));
1162     while ((prop = object_property_iter_next(&iter))) {
1163         if (!strcmp(prop->name, "type")) {
1164             continue;
1165         }
1166         v = string_output_visitor_new(false, &str);
1167         object_property_get(OBJECT(nf), prop->name, v, NULL);
1168         visit_complete(v, &str);
1169         visit_free(v);
1170         monitor_printf(mon, ",%s=%s", prop->name, str);
1171         g_free(str);
1172     }
1173     monitor_printf(mon, "\n");
1174 }
1175
1176 void print_net_client(Monitor *mon, NetClientState *nc)
1177 {
1178     NetFilterState *nf;
1179
1180     monitor_printf(mon, "%s: index=%d,type=%s,%s\n", nc->name,
1181                    nc->queue_index,
1182                    NetClientDriver_str(nc->info->type),
1183                    nc->info_str);
1184     if (!QTAILQ_EMPTY(&nc->filters)) {
1185         monitor_printf(mon, "filters:\n");
1186     }
1187     QTAILQ_FOREACH(nf, &nc->filters, next) {
1188         char *path = object_get_canonical_path_component(OBJECT(nf));
1189
1190         monitor_printf(mon, "  - %s: type=%s", path,
1191                        object_get_typename(OBJECT(nf)));
1192         netfilter_print_info(mon, nf);
1193         g_free(path);
1194     }
1195 }
1196
1197 RxFilterInfoList *qmp_query_rx_filter(bool has_name, const char *name,
1198                                       Error **errp)
1199 {
1200     NetClientState *nc;
1201     RxFilterInfoList *filter_list = NULL, *last_entry = NULL;
1202
1203     QTAILQ_FOREACH(nc, &net_clients, next) {
1204         RxFilterInfoList *entry;
1205         RxFilterInfo *info;
1206
1207         if (has_name && strcmp(nc->name, name) != 0) {
1208             continue;
1209         }
1210
1211         /* only query rx-filter information of NIC */
1212         if (nc->info->type != NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC) {
1213             if (has_name) {
1214                 error_setg(errp, "net client(%s) isn't a NIC", name);
1215                 return NULL;
1216             }
1217             continue;
1218         }
1219
1220         /* only query information on queue 0 since the info is per nic,
1221          * not per queue
1222          */
1223         if (nc->queue_index != 0)
1224             continue;
1225
1226         if (nc->info->query_rx_filter) {
1227             info = nc->info->query_rx_filter(nc);
1228             entry = g_malloc0(sizeof(*entry));
1229             entry->value = info;
1230
1231             if (!filter_list) {
1232                 filter_list = entry;
1233             } else {
1234                 last_entry->next = entry;
1235             }
1236             last_entry = entry;
1237         } else if (has_name) {
1238             error_setg(errp, "net client(%s) doesn't support"
1239                        " rx-filter querying", name);
1240             return NULL;
1241         }
1242
1243         if (has_name) {
1244             break;
1245         }
1246     }
1247
1248     if (filter_list == NULL && has_name) {
1249         error_setg(errp, "invalid net client name: %s", name);
1250     }
1251
1252     return filter_list;
1253 }
1254
1255 void hmp_info_network(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict)
1256 {
1257     NetClientState *nc, *peer;
1258     NetClientDriver type;
1259
1260     net_hub_info(mon);
1261
1262     QTAILQ_FOREACH(nc, &net_clients, next) {
1263         peer = nc->peer;
1264         type = nc->info->type;
1265
1266         /* Skip if already printed in hub info */
1267         if (net_hub_id_for_client(nc, NULL) == 0) {
1268             continue;
1269         }
1270
1271         if (!peer || type == NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC) {
1272             print_net_client(mon, nc);
1273         } /* else it's a netdev connected to a NIC, printed with the NIC */
1274         if (peer && type == NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC) {
1275             monitor_printf(mon, " \\ ");
1276             print_net_client(mon, peer);
1277         }
1278     }
1279 }
1280
1281 void colo_notify_filters_event(int event, Error **errp)
1282 {
1283     NetClientState *nc;
1284     NetFilterState *nf;
1285     NetFilterClass *nfc = NULL;
1286     Error *local_err = NULL;
1287
1288     QTAILQ_FOREACH(nc, &net_clients, next) {
1289         QTAILQ_FOREACH(nf, &nc->filters, next) {
1290             nfc = NETFILTER_GET_CLASS(OBJECT(nf));
1291             nfc->handle_event(nf, event, &local_err);
1292             if (local_err) {
1293                 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1294                 return;
1295             }
1296         }
1297     }
1298 }
1299
1300 void qmp_set_link(const char *name, bool up, Error **errp)
1301 {
1302     NetClientState *ncs[MAX_QUEUE_NUM];
1303     NetClientState *nc;
1304     int queues, i;
1305
1306     queues = qemu_find_net_clients_except(name, ncs,
1307                                           NET_CLIENT_DRIVER__MAX,
1308                                           MAX_QUEUE_NUM);
1309
1310     if (queues == 0) {
1311         error_set(errp, ERROR_CLASS_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND,
1312                   "Device '%s' not found", name);
1313         return;
1314     }
1315     nc = ncs[0];
1316
1317     for (i = 0; i < queues; i++) {
1318         ncs[i]->link_down = !up;
1319     }
1320
1321     if (nc->info->link_status_changed) {
1322         nc->info->link_status_changed(nc);
1323     }
1324
1325     if (nc->peer) {
1326         /* Change peer link only if the peer is NIC and then notify peer.
1327          * If the peer is a HUBPORT or a backend, we do not change the
1328          * link status.
1329          *
1330          * This behavior is compatible with qemu hubs where there could be
1331          * multiple clients that can still communicate with each other in
1332          * disconnected mode. For now maintain this compatibility.
1333          */
1334         if (nc->peer->info->type == NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC) {
1335             for (i = 0; i < queues; i++) {
1336                 ncs[i]->peer->link_down = !up;
1337             }
1338         }
1339         if (nc->peer->info->link_status_changed) {
1340             nc->peer->info->link_status_changed(nc->peer);
1341         }
1342     }
1343 }
1344
1345 static void net_vm_change_state_handler(void *opaque, int running,
1346                                         RunState state)
1347 {
1348     NetClientState *nc;
1349     NetClientState *tmp;
1350
1351     QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(nc, &net_clients, next, tmp) {
1352         if (running) {
1353             /* Flush queued packets and wake up backends. */
1354             if (nc->peer && qemu_can_send_packet(nc)) {
1355                 qemu_flush_queued_packets(nc->peer);
1356             }
1357         } else {
1358             /* Complete all queued packets, to guarantee we don't modify
1359              * state later when VM is not running.
1360              */
1361             qemu_flush_or_purge_queued_packets(nc, true);
1362         }
1363     }
1364 }
1365
1366 void net_cleanup(void)
1367 {
1368     NetClientState *nc;
1369
1370     /* We may del multiple entries during qemu_del_net_client(),
1371      * so QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE() is also not safe here.
1372      */
1373     while (!QTAILQ_EMPTY(&net_clients)) {
1374         nc = QTAILQ_FIRST(&net_clients);
1375         if (nc->info->type == NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC) {
1376             qemu_del_nic(qemu_get_nic(nc));
1377         } else {
1378             qemu_del_net_client(nc);
1379         }
1380     }
1381
1382     qemu_del_vm_change_state_handler(net_change_state_entry);
1383 }
1384
1385 void net_check_clients(void)
1386 {
1387     NetClientState *nc;
1388     int i;
1389
1390     net_hub_check_clients();
1391
1392     QTAILQ_FOREACH(nc, &net_clients, next) {
1393         if (!nc->peer) {
1394             warn_report("%s %s has no peer",
1395                         nc->info->type == NET_CLIENT_DRIVER_NIC
1396                         ? "nic" : "netdev",
1397                         nc->name);
1398         }
1399     }
1400
1401     /* Check that all NICs requested via -net nic actually got created.
1402      * NICs created via -device don't need to be checked here because
1403      * they are always instantiated.
1404      */
1405     for (i = 0; i < MAX_NICS; i++) {
1406         NICInfo *nd = &nd_table[i];
1407         if (nd->used && !nd->instantiated) {
1408             warn_report("requested NIC (%s, model %s) "
1409                         "was not created (not supported by this machine?)",
1410                         nd->name ? nd->name : "anonymous",
1411                         nd->model ? nd->model : "unspecified");
1412         }
1413     }
1414 }
1415
1416 static int net_init_client(void *dummy, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
1417 {
1418     return net_client_init(opts, false, errp);
1419 }
1420
1421 static int net_init_netdev(void *dummy, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
1422 {
1423     return net_client_init(opts, true, errp);
1424 }
1425
1426 /* For the convenience "--nic" parameter */
1427 static int net_param_nic(void *dummy, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
1428 {
1429     char *mac, *nd_id;
1430     int idx, ret;
1431     NICInfo *ni;
1432     const char *type;
1433
1434     type = qemu_opt_get(opts, "type");
1435     if (type && g_str_equal(type, "none")) {
1436         return 0;    /* Nothing to do, default_net is cleared in vl.c */
1437     }
1438
1439     idx = nic_get_free_idx();
1440     if (idx == -1 || nb_nics >= MAX_NICS) {
1441         error_setg(errp, "no more on-board/default NIC slots available");
1442         return -1;
1443     }
1444
1445     if (!type) {
1446         qemu_opt_set(opts, "type", "user", &error_abort);
1447     }
1448
1449     ni = &nd_table[idx];
1450     memset(ni, 0, sizeof(*ni));
1451     ni->model = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, "model");
1452
1453     /* Create an ID if the user did not specify one */
1454     nd_id = g_strdup(qemu_opts_id(opts));
1455     if (!nd_id) {
1456         nd_id = g_strdup_printf("__org.qemu.nic%i", idx);
1457         qemu_opts_set_id(opts, nd_id);
1458     }
1459
1460     /* Handle MAC address */
1461     mac = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, "mac");
1462     if (mac) {
1463         ret = net_parse_macaddr(ni->macaddr.a, mac);
1464         g_free(mac);
1465         if (ret) {
1466             error_setg(errp, "invalid syntax for ethernet address");
1467             goto out;
1468         }
1469         if (is_multicast_ether_addr(ni->macaddr.a)) {
1470             error_setg(errp, "NIC cannot have multicast MAC address");
1471             ret = -1;
1472             goto out;
1473         }
1474     }
1475     qemu_macaddr_default_if_unset(&ni->macaddr);
1476
1477     ret = net_client_init(opts, true, errp);
1478     if (ret == 0) {
1479         ni->netdev = qemu_find_netdev(nd_id);
1480         ni->used = true;
1481         nb_nics++;
1482     }
1483
1484 out:
1485     g_free(nd_id);
1486     return ret;
1487 }
1488
1489 int net_init_clients(Error **errp)
1490 {
1491     net_change_state_entry =
1492         qemu_add_vm_change_state_handler(net_vm_change_state_handler, NULL);
1493
1494     QTAILQ_INIT(&net_clients);
1495
1496     if (qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("netdev"),
1497                           net_init_netdev, NULL, errp)) {
1498         return -1;
1499     }
1500
1501     if (qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("nic"), net_param_nic, NULL, errp)) {
1502         return -1;
1503     }
1504
1505     if (qemu_opts_foreach(qemu_find_opts("net"), net_init_client, NULL, errp)) {
1506         return -1;
1507     }
1508
1509     return 0;
1510 }
1511
1512 int net_client_parse(QemuOptsList *opts_list, const char *optarg)
1513 {
1514     if (!qemu_opts_parse_noisily(opts_list, optarg, true)) {
1515         return -1;
1516     }
1517
1518     return 0;
1519 }
1520
1521 /* From FreeBSD */
1522 /* XXX: optimize */
1523 uint32_t net_crc32(const uint8_t *p, int len)
1524 {
1525     uint32_t crc;
1526     int carry, i, j;
1527     uint8_t b;
1528
1529     crc = 0xffffffff;
1530     for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
1531         b = *p++;
1532         for (j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
1533             carry = ((crc & 0x80000000L) ? 1 : 0) ^ (b & 0x01);
1534             crc <<= 1;
1535             b >>= 1;
1536             if (carry) {
1537                 crc = ((crc ^ POLYNOMIAL_BE) | carry);
1538             }
1539         }
1540     }
1541
1542     return crc;
1543 }
1544
1545 uint32_t net_crc32_le(const uint8_t *p, int len)
1546 {
1547     uint32_t crc;
1548     int carry, i, j;
1549     uint8_t b;
1550
1551     crc = 0xffffffff;
1552     for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
1553         b = *p++;
1554         for (j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
1555             carry = (crc & 0x1) ^ (b & 0x01);
1556             crc >>= 1;
1557             b >>= 1;
1558             if (carry) {
1559                 crc ^= POLYNOMIAL_LE;
1560             }
1561         }
1562     }
1563
1564     return crc;
1565 }
1566
1567 QemuOptsList qemu_netdev_opts = {
1568     .name = "netdev",
1569     .implied_opt_name = "type",
1570     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_netdev_opts.head),
1571     .desc = {
1572         /*
1573          * no elements => accept any params
1574          * validation will happen later
1575          */
1576         { /* end of list */ }
1577     },
1578 };
1579
1580 QemuOptsList qemu_nic_opts = {
1581     .name = "nic",
1582     .implied_opt_name = "type",
1583     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_nic_opts.head),
1584     .desc = {
1585         /*
1586          * no elements => accept any params
1587          * validation will happen later
1588          */
1589         { /* end of list */ }
1590     },
1591 };
1592
1593 QemuOptsList qemu_net_opts = {
1594     .name = "net",
1595     .implied_opt_name = "type",
1596     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_net_opts.head),
1597     .desc = {
1598         /*
1599          * no elements => accept any params
1600          * validation will happen later
1601          */
1602         { /* end of list */ }
1603     },
1604 };
1605
1606 void net_socket_rs_init(SocketReadState *rs,
1607                         SocketReadStateFinalize *finalize,
1608                         bool vnet_hdr)
1609 {
1610     rs->state = 0;
1611     rs->vnet_hdr = vnet_hdr;
1612     rs->index = 0;
1613     rs->packet_len = 0;
1614     rs->vnet_hdr_len = 0;
1615     memset(rs->buf, 0, sizeof(rs->buf));
1616     rs->finalize = finalize;
1617 }
1618
1619 /*
1620  * Returns
1621  * 0: success
1622  * -1: error occurs
1623  */
1624 int net_fill_rstate(SocketReadState *rs, const uint8_t *buf, int size)
1625 {
1626     unsigned int l;
1627
1628     while (size > 0) {
1629         /* Reassemble a packet from the network.
1630          * 0 = getting length.
1631          * 1 = getting vnet header length.
1632          * 2 = getting data.
1633          */
1634         switch (rs->state) {
1635         case 0:
1636             l = 4 - rs->index;
1637             if (l > size) {
1638                 l = size;
1639             }
1640             memcpy(rs->buf + rs->index, buf, l);
1641             buf += l;
1642             size -= l;
1643             rs->index += l;
1644             if (rs->index == 4) {
1645                 /* got length */
1646                 rs->packet_len = ntohl(*(uint32_t *)rs->buf);
1647                 rs->index = 0;
1648                 if (rs->vnet_hdr) {
1649                     rs->state = 1;
1650                 } else {
1651                     rs->state = 2;
1652                     rs->vnet_hdr_len = 0;
1653                 }
1654             }
1655             break;
1656         case 1:
1657             l = 4 - rs->index;
1658             if (l > size) {
1659                 l = size;
1660             }
1661             memcpy(rs->buf + rs->index, buf, l);
1662             buf += l;
1663             size -= l;
1664             rs->index += l;
1665             if (rs->index == 4) {
1666                 /* got vnet header length */
1667                 rs->vnet_hdr_len = ntohl(*(uint32_t *)rs->buf);
1668                 rs->index = 0;
1669                 rs->state = 2;
1670             }
1671             break;
1672         case 2:
1673             l = rs->packet_len - rs->index;
1674             if (l > size) {
1675                 l = size;
1676             }
1677             if (rs->index + l <= sizeof(rs->buf)) {
1678                 memcpy(rs->buf + rs->index, buf, l);
1679             } else {
1680                 fprintf(stderr, "serious error: oversized packet received,"
1681                     "connection terminated.\n");
1682                 rs->index = rs->state = 0;
1683                 return -1;
1684             }
1685
1686             rs->index += l;
1687             buf += l;
1688             size -= l;
1689             if (rs->index >= rs->packet_len) {
1690                 rs->index = 0;
1691                 rs->state = 0;
1692                 assert(rs->finalize);
1693                 rs->finalize(rs);
1694             }
1695             break;
1696         }
1697     }
1698
1699     assert(size == 0);
1700     return 0;
1701 }