1 QEMU<->ACPI BIOS CPU hotplug interface
2 --------------------------------------
4 QEMU supports CPU hotplug via ACPI. This document
5 describes the interface between QEMU and the ACPI BIOS.
7 ACPI BIOS GPE.2 handler is dedicated for notifying OS about CPU hot-add
10 ============================================
11 Legacy ACPI CPU hotplug interface registers:
12 --------------------------------------------
13 CPU present bitmap for:
14 ICH9-LPC (IO port 0x0cd8-0xcf7, 1-byte access)
15 PIIX-PM (IO port 0xaf00-0xaf1f, 1-byte access)
16 One bit per CPU. Bit position reflects corresponding CPU APIC ID. Read-only.
17 The first DWORD in bitmap is used in write mode to switch from legacy
18 to modern CPU hotplug interface, write 0 into it to do switch.
19 ---------------------------------------------------------------
20 QEMU sets corresponding CPU bit on hot-add event and issues SCI
21 with GPE.2 event set. CPU present map is read by ACPI BIOS GPE.2 handler
22 to notify OS about CPU hot-add events. CPU hot-remove isn't supported.
24 =====================================
25 Modern ACPI CPU hotplug interface registers:
26 -------------------------------------
27 Register block base address:
28 ICH9-LPC IO port 0x0cd8
29 PIIX-PM IO port 0xaf00
31 ACPI_CPU_HOTPLUG_REG_LEN = 12
33 All accesses to registers described below, imply little-endian byte order.
35 Reserved resisters behavior:
36 - write accesses are ignored
37 - read accesses return all bits set to 0.
39 The last stored value in 'CPU selector' must refer to a possible CPU, otherwise
40 - reads from any register return 0
41 - writes to any other register are ignored until valid value is stored into it
42 On QEMU start, 'CPU selector' is initialized to a valid value, on reset it
43 keeps the current value.
47 [0x0-0x3] Command data 2: (DWORD access)
48 if value last stored in 'Command field':
50 3: upper 32 bits of architecture specific CPU ID value
51 other values: reserved
52 [0x4] CPU device status fields: (1 byte access)
54 0: Device is enabled and may be used by guest
55 1: Device insert event, used to distinguish device for which
56 no device check event to OSPM was issued.
57 It's valid only when bit 0 is set.
58 2: Device remove event, used to distinguish device for which
59 no device eject request to OSPM was issued. Firmware must
61 3: reserved and should be ignored by OSPM
62 4: if set to 1, OSPM requests firmware to perform device eject.
63 5-7: reserved and should be ignored by OSPM
65 [0x8] Command data: (DWORD access)
66 contains 0 unless value last stored in 'Command field' is one of:
67 0: contains 'CPU selector' value of a CPU with pending event[s]
68 3: lower 32 bits of architecture specific CPU ID value
69 (in x86 case: APIC ID)
73 [0x0-0x3] CPU selector: (DWORD access)
74 selects active CPU device. All following accesses to other
75 registers will read/store data from/to selected CPU.
76 Valid values: [0 .. max_cpus)
77 [0x4] CPU device control fields: (1 byte access)
79 0: reserved, OSPM must clear it before writing to register.
80 1: if set to 1 clears device insert event, set by OSPM
81 after it has emitted device check event for the
83 2: if set to 1 clears device remove event, set by OSPM
84 after it has emitted device eject request for the
86 3: if set to 1 initiates device eject, set by OSPM when it
87 triggers CPU device removal and calls _EJ0 method or by firmware
88 when bit #4 is set. In case bit #4 were set, it's cleared as
90 4: if set to 1, OSPM hands over device eject to firmware.
91 Firmware shall issue device eject request as described above
92 (bit #3) and OSPM should not touch device eject bit (#3) in case
93 it's asked firmware to perform CPU device eject.
94 5-7: reserved, OSPM must clear them before writing to register
95 [0x5] Command field: (1 byte access)
97 0: selects a CPU device with inserting/removing events and
98 following reads from 'Command data' register return
99 selected CPU ('CPU selector' value).
100 If no CPU with events found, the current 'CPU selector' doesn't
101 change and corresponding insert/remove event flags are not modified.
102 1: following writes to 'Command data' register set OST event
104 2: following writes to 'Command data' register set OST status
106 3: following reads from 'Command data' and 'Command data 2' return
107 architecture specific CPU ID value for currently selected CPU.
108 other values: reserved
110 [0x8] Command data: (DWORD access)
111 if last stored 'Command field' value:
112 1: stores value into OST event register
113 2: stores value into OST status register, triggers
114 ACPI_DEVICE_OST QMP event from QEMU to external applications
115 with current values of OST event and status registers.
116 other values: reserved
119 - (x86) Detecting and enabling modern CPU hotplug interface.
120 QEMU starts with legacy CPU hotplug interface enabled. Detecting and
121 switching to modern interface is based on the 2 legacy CPU hotplug features:
122 1. Writes into CPU bitmap are ignored.
123 2. CPU bitmap always has bit#0 set, corresponding to boot CPU.
125 Use following steps to detect and enable modern CPU hotplug interface:
126 1. Store 0x0 to the 'CPU selector' register,
127 attempting to switch to modern mode
128 2. Store 0x0 to the 'CPU selector' register,
129 to ensure valid selector value
130 3. Store 0x0 to the 'Command field' register,
131 4. Read the 'Command data 2' register.
132 If read value is 0x0, the modern interface is enabled.
133 Otherwise legacy or no CPU hotplug interface available
135 - Get a cpu with pending event
136 1. Store 0x0 to the 'CPU selector' register.
137 2. Store 0x0 to the 'Command field' register.
138 3. Read the 'CPU device status fields' register.
139 4. If both bit#1 and bit#2 are clear in the value read, there is no CPU
140 with a pending event and selected CPU remains unchanged.
141 5. Otherwise, read the 'Command data' register. The value read is the
142 selector of the CPU with the pending event (which is already
145 - Enumerate CPUs present/non present CPUs
146 01. Set the present CPU count to 0.
147 02. Set the iterator to 0.
148 03. Store 0x0 to the 'CPU selector' register, to ensure that it's in
149 a valid state and that access to other registers won't be ignored.
150 04. Store 0x0 to the 'Command field' register to make 'Command data'
151 register return 'CPU selector' value of selected CPU
152 05. Read the 'CPU device status fields' register.
153 06. If bit#0 is set, increment the present CPU count.
154 07. Increment the iterator.
155 08. Store the iterator to the 'CPU selector' register.
156 09. Read the 'Command data' register.
157 10. If the value read is not zero, goto 05.
158 11. Otherwise store 0x0 to the 'CPU selector' register, to put it
159 into a valid state and exit.
160 The iterator at this point equals "max_cpus".