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hw/virtio/balloon: Replace TARGET_PAGE_SIZE with BALLOON_PAGE_SIZE
[qemu/cris-port.git] / block / qcow2.c
blob470734be9ff17016778a219d20c6c05deb3d035a
1 /*
2 * Block driver for the QCOW version 2 format
3 *
4 * Copyright (c) 2004-2006 Fabrice Bellard
5 *
6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
12 *
13 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
15 *
16 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
22 * THE SOFTWARE.
23 */
24 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
25 #include "block/block_int.h"
26 #include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
27 #include "qemu/module.h"
28 #include <zlib.h>
29 #include "block/qcow2.h"
30 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
31 #include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
32 #include "qapi/qmp/qbool.h"
33 #include "qapi/util.h"
34 #include "qapi/qmp/types.h"
35 #include "qapi-event.h"
36 #include "trace.h"
37 #include "qemu/option_int.h"
38 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
39
40 /*
41 Differences with QCOW:
42
43 - Support for multiple incremental snapshots.
44 - Memory management by reference counts.
45 - Clusters which have a reference count of one have the bit
46 QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED to optimize write performance.
47 - Size of compressed clusters is stored in sectors to reduce bit usage
48 in the cluster offsets.
49 - Support for storing additional data (such as the VM state) in the
50 snapshots.
51 - If a backing store is used, the cluster size is not constrained
52 (could be backported to QCOW).
53 - L2 tables have always a size of one cluster.
54 */
55
56
57 typedef struct {
58 uint32_t magic;
59 uint32_t len;
60 } QEMU_PACKED QCowExtension;
61
62 #define QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_END 0
63 #define QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_BACKING_FORMAT 0xE2792ACA
64 #define QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_FEATURE_TABLE 0x6803f857
65
66 static int qcow2_probe(const uint8_t *buf, int buf_size, const char *filename)
67 {
68 const QCowHeader *cow_header = (const void *)buf;
69
70 if (buf_size >= sizeof(QCowHeader) &&
71 be32_to_cpu(cow_header->magic) == QCOW_MAGIC &&
72 be32_to_cpu(cow_header->version) >= 2)
73 return 100;
74 else
75 return 0;
76 }
77
78
79 /*
80 * read qcow2 extension and fill bs
81 * start reading from start_offset
82 * finish reading upon magic of value 0 or when end_offset reached
83 * unknown magic is skipped (future extension this version knows nothing about)
84 * return 0 upon success, non-0 otherwise
85 */
86 static int qcow2_read_extensions(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t start_offset,
87 uint64_t end_offset, void **p_feature_table,
88 Error **errp)
89 {
90 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
91 QCowExtension ext;
92 uint64_t offset;
93 int ret;
94
95 #ifdef DEBUG_EXT
96 printf("qcow2_read_extensions: start=%ld end=%ld\n", start_offset, end_offset);
97 #endif
98 offset = start_offset;
99 while (offset < end_offset) {
100
101 #ifdef DEBUG_EXT
102 /* Sanity check */
103 if (offset > s->cluster_size)
104 printf("qcow2_read_extension: suspicious offset %lu\n", offset);
105
106 printf("attempting to read extended header in offset %lu\n", offset);
107 #endif
108
109 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, offset, &ext, sizeof(ext));
110 if (ret < 0) {
111 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "qcow2_read_extension: ERROR: "
112 "pread fail from offset %" PRIu64, offset);
113 return 1;
114 }
115 be32_to_cpus(&ext.magic);
116 be32_to_cpus(&ext.len);
117 offset += sizeof(ext);
118 #ifdef DEBUG_EXT
119 printf("ext.magic = 0x%x\n", ext.magic);
120 #endif
121 if (offset > end_offset || ext.len > end_offset - offset) {
122 error_setg(errp, "Header extension too large");
123 return -EINVAL;
124 }
125
126 switch (ext.magic) {
127 case QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_END:
128 return 0;
129
130 case QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_BACKING_FORMAT:
131 if (ext.len >= sizeof(bs->backing_format)) {
132 error_setg(errp, "ERROR: ext_backing_format: len=%" PRIu32
133 " too large (>=%zu)", ext.len,
134 sizeof(bs->backing_format));
135 return 2;
136 }
137 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, offset, bs->backing_format, ext.len);
138 if (ret < 0) {
139 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "ERROR: ext_backing_format: "
140 "Could not read format name");
141 return 3;
142 }
143 bs->backing_format[ext.len] = '\0';
144 s->image_backing_format = g_strdup(bs->backing_format);
145 #ifdef DEBUG_EXT
146 printf("Qcow2: Got format extension %s\n", bs->backing_format);
147 #endif
148 break;
149
150 case QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_FEATURE_TABLE:
151 if (p_feature_table != NULL) {
152 void* feature_table = g_malloc0(ext.len + 2 * sizeof(Qcow2Feature));
153 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, offset , feature_table, ext.len);
154 if (ret < 0) {
155 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "ERROR: ext_feature_table: "
156 "Could not read table");
157 return ret;
158 }
159
160 *p_feature_table = feature_table;
161 }
162 break;
163
164 default:
165 /* unknown magic - save it in case we need to rewrite the header */
166 {
167 Qcow2UnknownHeaderExtension *uext;
168
169 uext = g_malloc0(sizeof(*uext) + ext.len);
170 uext->magic = ext.magic;
171 uext->len = ext.len;
172 QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&s->unknown_header_ext, uext, next);
173
174 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, offset , uext->data, uext->len);
175 if (ret < 0) {
176 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "ERROR: unknown extension: "
177 "Could not read data");
178 return ret;
179 }
180 }
181 break;
182 }
183
184 offset += ((ext.len + 7) & ~7);
185 }
186
187 return 0;
188 }
189
190 static void cleanup_unknown_header_ext(BlockDriverState *bs)
191 {
192 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
193 Qcow2UnknownHeaderExtension *uext, *next;
194
195 QLIST_FOREACH_SAFE(uext, &s->unknown_header_ext, next, next) {
196 QLIST_REMOVE(uext, next);
197 g_free(uext);
198 }
199 }
200
201 static void report_unsupported_feature(Error **errp, Qcow2Feature *table,
202 uint64_t mask)
203 {
204 char *features = g_strdup("");
205 char *old;
206
207 while (table && table->name[0] != '\0') {
208 if (table->type == QCOW2_FEAT_TYPE_INCOMPATIBLE) {
209 if (mask & (1ULL << table->bit)) {
210 old = features;
211 features = g_strdup_printf("%s%s%.46s", old, *old ? ", " : "",
212 table->name);
213 g_free(old);
214 mask &= ~(1ULL << table->bit);
215 }
216 }
217 table++;
218 }
219
220 if (mask) {
221 old = features;
222 features = g_strdup_printf("%s%sUnknown incompatible feature: %" PRIx64,
223 old, *old ? ", " : "", mask);
224 g_free(old);
225 }
226
227 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported qcow2 feature(s): %s", features);
228 g_free(features);
229 }
230
231 /*
232 * Sets the dirty bit and flushes afterwards if necessary.
233 *
234 * The incompatible_features bit is only set if the image file header was
235 * updated successfully. Therefore it is not required to check the return
236 * value of this function.
237 */
238 int qcow2_mark_dirty(BlockDriverState *bs)
239 {
240 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
241 uint64_t val;
242 int ret;
243
244 assert(s->qcow_version >= 3);
245
246 if (s->incompatible_features & QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DIRTY) {
247 return 0; /* already dirty */
248 }
249
250 val = cpu_to_be64(s->incompatible_features | QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DIRTY);
251 ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file->bs, offsetof(QCowHeader, incompatible_features),
252 &val, sizeof(val));
253 if (ret < 0) {
254 return ret;
255 }
256 ret = bdrv_flush(bs->file->bs);
257 if (ret < 0) {
258 return ret;
259 }
260
261 /* Only treat image as dirty if the header was updated successfully */
262 s->incompatible_features |= QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DIRTY;
263 return 0;
264 }
265
266 /*
267 * Clears the dirty bit and flushes before if necessary. Only call this
268 * function when there are no pending requests, it does not guard against
269 * concurrent requests dirtying the image.
270 */
271 static int qcow2_mark_clean(BlockDriverState *bs)
272 {
273 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
274
275 if (s->incompatible_features & QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DIRTY) {
276 int ret;
277
278 s->incompatible_features &= ~QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DIRTY;
279
280 ret = bdrv_flush(bs);
281 if (ret < 0) {
282 return ret;
283 }
284
285 return qcow2_update_header(bs);
286 }
287 return 0;
288 }
289
290 /*
291 * Marks the image as corrupt.
292 */
293 int qcow2_mark_corrupt(BlockDriverState *bs)
294 {
295 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
296
297 s->incompatible_features |= QCOW2_INCOMPAT_CORRUPT;
298 return qcow2_update_header(bs);
299 }
300
301 /*
302 * Marks the image as consistent, i.e., unsets the corrupt bit, and flushes
303 * before if necessary.
304 */
305 int qcow2_mark_consistent(BlockDriverState *bs)
306 {
307 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
308
309 if (s->incompatible_features & QCOW2_INCOMPAT_CORRUPT) {
310 int ret = bdrv_flush(bs);
311 if (ret < 0) {
312 return ret;
313 }
314
315 s->incompatible_features &= ~QCOW2_INCOMPAT_CORRUPT;
316 return qcow2_update_header(bs);
317 }
318 return 0;
319 }
320
321 static int qcow2_check(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvCheckResult *result,
322 BdrvCheckMode fix)
323 {
324 int ret = qcow2_check_refcounts(bs, result, fix);
325 if (ret < 0) {
326 return ret;
327 }
328
329 if (fix && result->check_errors == 0 && result->corruptions == 0) {
330 ret = qcow2_mark_clean(bs);
331 if (ret < 0) {
332 return ret;
333 }
334 return qcow2_mark_consistent(bs);
335 }
336 return ret;
337 }
338
339 static int validate_table_offset(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
340 uint64_t entries, size_t entry_len)
341 {
342 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
343 uint64_t size;
344
345 /* Use signed INT64_MAX as the maximum even for uint64_t header fields,
346 * because values will be passed to qemu functions taking int64_t. */
347 if (entries > INT64_MAX / entry_len) {
348 return -EINVAL;
349 }
350
351 size = entries * entry_len;
352
353 if (INT64_MAX - size < offset) {
354 return -EINVAL;
355 }
356
357 /* Tables must be cluster aligned */
358 if (offset & (s->cluster_size - 1)) {
359 return -EINVAL;
360 }
361
362 return 0;
363 }
364
365 static QemuOptsList qcow2_runtime_opts = {
366 .name = "qcow2",
367 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qcow2_runtime_opts.head),
368 .desc = {
369 {
370 .name = QCOW2_OPT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS,
371 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
372 .help = "Postpone refcount updates",
373 },
374 {
375 .name = QCOW2_OPT_DISCARD_REQUEST,
376 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
377 .help = "Pass guest discard requests to the layer below",
378 },
379 {
380 .name = QCOW2_OPT_DISCARD_SNAPSHOT,
381 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
382 .help = "Generate discard requests when snapshot related space "
383 "is freed",
384 },
385 {
386 .name = QCOW2_OPT_DISCARD_OTHER,
387 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
388 .help = "Generate discard requests when other clusters are freed",
389 },
390 {
391 .name = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP,
392 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
393 .help = "Selects which overlap checks to perform from a range of "
394 "templates (none, constant, cached, all)",
395 },
396 {
397 .name = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_TEMPLATE,
398 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
399 .help = "Selects which overlap checks to perform from a range of "
400 "templates (none, constant, cached, all)",
401 },
402 {
403 .name = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_MAIN_HEADER,
404 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
405 .help = "Check for unintended writes into the main qcow2 header",
406 },
407 {
408 .name = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_ACTIVE_L1,
409 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
410 .help = "Check for unintended writes into the active L1 table",
411 },
412 {
413 .name = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_ACTIVE_L2,
414 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
415 .help = "Check for unintended writes into an active L2 table",
416 },
417 {
418 .name = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_REFCOUNT_TABLE,
419 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
420 .help = "Check for unintended writes into the refcount table",
421 },
422 {
423 .name = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_REFCOUNT_BLOCK,
424 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
425 .help = "Check for unintended writes into a refcount block",
426 },
427 {
428 .name = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_SNAPSHOT_TABLE,
429 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
430 .help = "Check for unintended writes into the snapshot table",
431 },
432 {
433 .name = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_INACTIVE_L1,
434 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
435 .help = "Check for unintended writes into an inactive L1 table",
436 },
437 {
438 .name = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_INACTIVE_L2,
439 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
440 .help = "Check for unintended writes into an inactive L2 table",
441 },
442 {
443 .name = QCOW2_OPT_CACHE_SIZE,
444 .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
445 .help = "Maximum combined metadata (L2 tables and refcount blocks) "
446 "cache size",
447 },
448 {
449 .name = QCOW2_OPT_L2_CACHE_SIZE,
450 .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
451 .help = "Maximum L2 table cache size",
452 },
453 {
454 .name = QCOW2_OPT_REFCOUNT_CACHE_SIZE,
455 .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
456 .help = "Maximum refcount block cache size",
457 },
458 {
459 .name = QCOW2_OPT_CACHE_CLEAN_INTERVAL,
460 .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
461 .help = "Clean unused cache entries after this time (in seconds)",
462 },
463 { /* end of list */ }
464 },
465 };
466
467 static const char *overlap_bool_option_names[QCOW2_OL_MAX_BITNR] = {
468 [QCOW2_OL_MAIN_HEADER_BITNR] = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_MAIN_HEADER,
469 [QCOW2_OL_ACTIVE_L1_BITNR] = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_ACTIVE_L1,
470 [QCOW2_OL_ACTIVE_L2_BITNR] = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_ACTIVE_L2,
471 [QCOW2_OL_REFCOUNT_TABLE_BITNR] = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_REFCOUNT_TABLE,
472 [QCOW2_OL_REFCOUNT_BLOCK_BITNR] = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_REFCOUNT_BLOCK,
473 [QCOW2_OL_SNAPSHOT_TABLE_BITNR] = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_SNAPSHOT_TABLE,
474 [QCOW2_OL_INACTIVE_L1_BITNR] = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_INACTIVE_L1,
475 [QCOW2_OL_INACTIVE_L2_BITNR] = QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_INACTIVE_L2,
476 };
477
478 static void cache_clean_timer_cb(void *opaque)
479 {
480 BlockDriverState *bs = opaque;
481 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
482 qcow2_cache_clean_unused(bs, s->l2_table_cache);
483 qcow2_cache_clean_unused(bs, s->refcount_block_cache);
484 timer_mod(s->cache_clean_timer, qemu_clock_get_ms(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL) +
485 (int64_t) s->cache_clean_interval * 1000);
486 }
487
488 static void cache_clean_timer_init(BlockDriverState *bs, AioContext *context)
489 {
490 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
491 if (s->cache_clean_interval > 0) {
492 s->cache_clean_timer = aio_timer_new(context, QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL,
493 SCALE_MS, cache_clean_timer_cb,
494 bs);
495 timer_mod(s->cache_clean_timer, qemu_clock_get_ms(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL) +
496 (int64_t) s->cache_clean_interval * 1000);
497 }
498 }
499
500 static void cache_clean_timer_del(BlockDriverState *bs)
501 {
502 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
503 if (s->cache_clean_timer) {
504 timer_del(s->cache_clean_timer);
505 timer_free(s->cache_clean_timer);
506 s->cache_clean_timer = NULL;
507 }
508 }
509
510 static void qcow2_detach_aio_context(BlockDriverState *bs)
511 {
512 cache_clean_timer_del(bs);
513 }
514
515 static void qcow2_attach_aio_context(BlockDriverState *bs,
516 AioContext *new_context)
517 {
518 cache_clean_timer_init(bs, new_context);
519 }
520
521 static void read_cache_sizes(BlockDriverState *bs, QemuOpts *opts,
522 uint64_t *l2_cache_size,
523 uint64_t *refcount_cache_size, Error **errp)
524 {
525 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
526 uint64_t combined_cache_size;
527 bool l2_cache_size_set, refcount_cache_size_set, combined_cache_size_set;
528
529 combined_cache_size_set = qemu_opt_get(opts, QCOW2_OPT_CACHE_SIZE);
530 l2_cache_size_set = qemu_opt_get(opts, QCOW2_OPT_L2_CACHE_SIZE);
531 refcount_cache_size_set = qemu_opt_get(opts, QCOW2_OPT_REFCOUNT_CACHE_SIZE);
532
533 combined_cache_size = qemu_opt_get_size(opts, QCOW2_OPT_CACHE_SIZE, 0);
534 *l2_cache_size = qemu_opt_get_size(opts, QCOW2_OPT_L2_CACHE_SIZE, 0);
535 *refcount_cache_size = qemu_opt_get_size(opts,
536 QCOW2_OPT_REFCOUNT_CACHE_SIZE, 0);
537
538 if (combined_cache_size_set) {
539 if (l2_cache_size_set && refcount_cache_size_set) {
540 error_setg(errp, QCOW2_OPT_CACHE_SIZE ", " QCOW2_OPT_L2_CACHE_SIZE
541 " and " QCOW2_OPT_REFCOUNT_CACHE_SIZE " may not be set "
542 "the same time");
543 return;
544 } else if (*l2_cache_size > combined_cache_size) {
545 error_setg(errp, QCOW2_OPT_L2_CACHE_SIZE " may not exceed "
546 QCOW2_OPT_CACHE_SIZE);
547 return;
548 } else if (*refcount_cache_size > combined_cache_size) {
549 error_setg(errp, QCOW2_OPT_REFCOUNT_CACHE_SIZE " may not exceed "
550 QCOW2_OPT_CACHE_SIZE);
551 return;
552 }
553
554 if (l2_cache_size_set) {
555 *refcount_cache_size = combined_cache_size - *l2_cache_size;
556 } else if (refcount_cache_size_set) {
557 *l2_cache_size = combined_cache_size - *refcount_cache_size;
558 } else {
559 *refcount_cache_size = combined_cache_size
560 / (DEFAULT_L2_REFCOUNT_SIZE_RATIO + 1);
561 *l2_cache_size = combined_cache_size - *refcount_cache_size;
562 }
563 } else {
564 if (!l2_cache_size_set && !refcount_cache_size_set) {
565 *l2_cache_size = MAX(DEFAULT_L2_CACHE_BYTE_SIZE,
566 (uint64_t)DEFAULT_L2_CACHE_CLUSTERS
567 * s->cluster_size);
568 *refcount_cache_size = *l2_cache_size
569 / DEFAULT_L2_REFCOUNT_SIZE_RATIO;
570 } else if (!l2_cache_size_set) {
571 *l2_cache_size = *refcount_cache_size
572 * DEFAULT_L2_REFCOUNT_SIZE_RATIO;
573 } else if (!refcount_cache_size_set) {
574 *refcount_cache_size = *l2_cache_size
575 / DEFAULT_L2_REFCOUNT_SIZE_RATIO;
576 }
577 }
578 }
579
580 typedef struct Qcow2ReopenState {
581 Qcow2Cache *l2_table_cache;
582 Qcow2Cache *refcount_block_cache;
583 bool use_lazy_refcounts;
584 int overlap_check;
585 bool discard_passthrough[QCOW2_DISCARD_MAX];
586 uint64_t cache_clean_interval;
587 } Qcow2ReopenState;
588
589 static int qcow2_update_options_prepare(BlockDriverState *bs,
590 Qcow2ReopenState *r,
591 QDict *options, int flags,
592 Error **errp)
593 {
594 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
595 QemuOpts *opts = NULL;
596 const char *opt_overlap_check, *opt_overlap_check_template;
597 int overlap_check_template = 0;
598 uint64_t l2_cache_size, refcount_cache_size;
599 int i;
600 Error *local_err = NULL;
601 int ret;
602
603 opts = qemu_opts_create(&qcow2_runtime_opts, NULL, 0, &error_abort);
604 qemu_opts_absorb_qdict(opts, options, &local_err);
605 if (local_err) {
606 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
607 ret = -EINVAL;
608 goto fail;
609 }
610
611 /* get L2 table/refcount block cache size from command line options */
612 read_cache_sizes(bs, opts, &l2_cache_size, &refcount_cache_size,
613 &local_err);
614 if (local_err) {
615 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
616 ret = -EINVAL;
617 goto fail;
618 }
619
620 l2_cache_size /= s->cluster_size;
621 if (l2_cache_size < MIN_L2_CACHE_SIZE) {
622 l2_cache_size = MIN_L2_CACHE_SIZE;
623 }
624 if (l2_cache_size > INT_MAX) {
625 error_setg(errp, "L2 cache size too big");
626 ret = -EINVAL;
627 goto fail;
628 }
629
630 refcount_cache_size /= s->cluster_size;
631 if (refcount_cache_size < MIN_REFCOUNT_CACHE_SIZE) {
632 refcount_cache_size = MIN_REFCOUNT_CACHE_SIZE;
633 }
634 if (refcount_cache_size > INT_MAX) {
635 error_setg(errp, "Refcount cache size too big");
636 ret = -EINVAL;
637 goto fail;
638 }
639
640 /* alloc new L2 table/refcount block cache, flush old one */
641 if (s->l2_table_cache) {
642 ret = qcow2_cache_flush(bs, s->l2_table_cache);
643 if (ret) {
644 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to flush the L2 table cache");
645 goto fail;
646 }
647 }
648
649 if (s->refcount_block_cache) {
650 ret = qcow2_cache_flush(bs, s->refcount_block_cache);
651 if (ret) {
652 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret,
653 "Failed to flush the refcount block cache");
654 goto fail;
655 }
656 }
657
658 r->l2_table_cache = qcow2_cache_create(bs, l2_cache_size);
659 r->refcount_block_cache = qcow2_cache_create(bs, refcount_cache_size);
660 if (r->l2_table_cache == NULL || r->refcount_block_cache == NULL) {
661 error_setg(errp, "Could not allocate metadata caches");
662 ret = -ENOMEM;
663 goto fail;
664 }
665
666 /* New interval for cache cleanup timer */
667 r->cache_clean_interval =
668 qemu_opt_get_number(opts, QCOW2_OPT_CACHE_CLEAN_INTERVAL,
669 s->cache_clean_interval);
670 if (r->cache_clean_interval > UINT_MAX) {
671 error_setg(errp, "Cache clean interval too big");
672 ret = -EINVAL;
673 goto fail;
674 }
675
676 /* lazy-refcounts; flush if going from enabled to disabled */
677 r->use_lazy_refcounts = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, QCOW2_OPT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS,
678 (s->compatible_features & QCOW2_COMPAT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS));
679 if (r->use_lazy_refcounts && s->qcow_version < 3) {
680 error_setg(errp, "Lazy refcounts require a qcow2 image with at least "
681 "qemu 1.1 compatibility level");
682 ret = -EINVAL;
683 goto fail;
684 }
685
686 if (s->use_lazy_refcounts && !r->use_lazy_refcounts) {
687 ret = qcow2_mark_clean(bs);
688 if (ret < 0) {
689 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to disable lazy refcounts");
690 goto fail;
691 }
692 }
693
694 /* Overlap check options */
695 opt_overlap_check = qemu_opt_get(opts, QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP);
696 opt_overlap_check_template = qemu_opt_get(opts, QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_TEMPLATE);
697 if (opt_overlap_check_template && opt_overlap_check &&
698 strcmp(opt_overlap_check_template, opt_overlap_check))
699 {
700 error_setg(errp, "Conflicting values for qcow2 options '"
701 QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP "' ('%s') and '" QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_TEMPLATE
702 "' ('%s')", opt_overlap_check, opt_overlap_check_template);
703 ret = -EINVAL;
704 goto fail;
705 }
706 if (!opt_overlap_check) {
707 opt_overlap_check = opt_overlap_check_template ?: "cached";
708 }
709
710 if (!strcmp(opt_overlap_check, "none")) {
711 overlap_check_template = 0;
712 } else if (!strcmp(opt_overlap_check, "constant")) {
713 overlap_check_template = QCOW2_OL_CONSTANT;
714 } else if (!strcmp(opt_overlap_check, "cached")) {
715 overlap_check_template = QCOW2_OL_CACHED;
716 } else if (!strcmp(opt_overlap_check, "all")) {
717 overlap_check_template = QCOW2_OL_ALL;
718 } else {
719 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported value '%s' for qcow2 option "
720 "'overlap-check'. Allowed are any of the following: "
721 "none, constant, cached, all", opt_overlap_check);
722 ret = -EINVAL;
723 goto fail;
724 }
725
726 r->overlap_check = 0;
727 for (i = 0; i < QCOW2_OL_MAX_BITNR; i++) {
728 /* overlap-check defines a template bitmask, but every flag may be
729 * overwritten through the associated boolean option */
730 r->overlap_check |=
731 qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, overlap_bool_option_names[i],
732 overlap_check_template & (1 << i)) << i;
733 }
734
735 r->discard_passthrough[QCOW2_DISCARD_NEVER] = false;
736 r->discard_passthrough[QCOW2_DISCARD_ALWAYS] = true;
737 r->discard_passthrough[QCOW2_DISCARD_REQUEST] =
738 qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, QCOW2_OPT_DISCARD_REQUEST,
739 flags & BDRV_O_UNMAP);
740 r->discard_passthrough[QCOW2_DISCARD_SNAPSHOT] =
741 qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, QCOW2_OPT_DISCARD_SNAPSHOT, true);
742 r->discard_passthrough[QCOW2_DISCARD_OTHER] =
743 qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, QCOW2_OPT_DISCARD_OTHER, false);
744
745 ret = 0;
746 fail:
747 qemu_opts_del(opts);
748 opts = NULL;
749 return ret;
750 }
751
752 static void qcow2_update_options_commit(BlockDriverState *bs,
753 Qcow2ReopenState *r)
754 {
755 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
756 int i;
757
758 if (s->l2_table_cache) {
759 qcow2_cache_destroy(bs, s->l2_table_cache);
760 }
761 if (s->refcount_block_cache) {
762 qcow2_cache_destroy(bs, s->refcount_block_cache);
763 }
764 s->l2_table_cache = r->l2_table_cache;
765 s->refcount_block_cache = r->refcount_block_cache;
766
767 s->overlap_check = r->overlap_check;
768 s->use_lazy_refcounts = r->use_lazy_refcounts;
769
770 for (i = 0; i < QCOW2_DISCARD_MAX; i++) {
771 s->discard_passthrough[i] = r->discard_passthrough[i];
772 }
773
774 if (s->cache_clean_interval != r->cache_clean_interval) {
775 cache_clean_timer_del(bs);
776 s->cache_clean_interval = r->cache_clean_interval;
777 cache_clean_timer_init(bs, bdrv_get_aio_context(bs));
778 }
779 }
780
781 static void qcow2_update_options_abort(BlockDriverState *bs,
782 Qcow2ReopenState *r)
783 {
784 if (r->l2_table_cache) {
785 qcow2_cache_destroy(bs, r->l2_table_cache);
786 }
787 if (r->refcount_block_cache) {
788 qcow2_cache_destroy(bs, r->refcount_block_cache);
789 }
790 }
791
792 static int qcow2_update_options(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options,
793 int flags, Error **errp)
794 {
795 Qcow2ReopenState r = {};
796 int ret;
797
798 ret = qcow2_update_options_prepare(bs, &r, options, flags, errp);
799 if (ret >= 0) {
800 qcow2_update_options_commit(bs, &r);
801 } else {
802 qcow2_update_options_abort(bs, &r);
803 }
804
805 return ret;
806 }
807
808 static int qcow2_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags,
809 Error **errp)
810 {
811 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
812 unsigned int len, i;
813 int ret = 0;
814 QCowHeader header;
815 Error *local_err = NULL;
816 uint64_t ext_end;
817 uint64_t l1_vm_state_index;
818
819 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, 0, &header, sizeof(header));
820 if (ret < 0) {
821 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not read qcow2 header");
822 goto fail;
823 }
824 be32_to_cpus(&header.magic);
825 be32_to_cpus(&header.version);
826 be64_to_cpus(&header.backing_file_offset);
827 be32_to_cpus(&header.backing_file_size);
828 be64_to_cpus(&header.size);
829 be32_to_cpus(&header.cluster_bits);
830 be32_to_cpus(&header.crypt_method);
831 be64_to_cpus(&header.l1_table_offset);
832 be32_to_cpus(&header.l1_size);
833 be64_to_cpus(&header.refcount_table_offset);
834 be32_to_cpus(&header.refcount_table_clusters);
835 be64_to_cpus(&header.snapshots_offset);
836 be32_to_cpus(&header.nb_snapshots);
837
838 if (header.magic != QCOW_MAGIC) {
839 error_setg(errp, "Image is not in qcow2 format");
840 ret = -EINVAL;
841 goto fail;
842 }
843 if (header.version < 2 || header.version > 3) {
844 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported qcow2 version %" PRIu32, header.version);
845 ret = -ENOTSUP;
846 goto fail;
847 }
848
849 s->qcow_version = header.version;
850
851 /* Initialise cluster size */
852 if (header.cluster_bits < MIN_CLUSTER_BITS ||
853 header.cluster_bits > MAX_CLUSTER_BITS) {
854 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported cluster size: 2^%" PRIu32,
855 header.cluster_bits);
856 ret = -EINVAL;
857 goto fail;
858 }
859
860 s->cluster_bits = header.cluster_bits;
861 s->cluster_size = 1 << s->cluster_bits;
862 s->cluster_sectors = 1 << (s->cluster_bits - 9);
863
864 /* Initialise version 3 header fields */
865 if (header.version == 2) {
866 header.incompatible_features = 0;
867 header.compatible_features = 0;
868 header.autoclear_features = 0;
869 header.refcount_order = 4;
870 header.header_length = 72;
871 } else {
872 be64_to_cpus(&header.incompatible_features);
873 be64_to_cpus(&header.compatible_features);
874 be64_to_cpus(&header.autoclear_features);
875 be32_to_cpus(&header.refcount_order);
876 be32_to_cpus(&header.header_length);
877
878 if (header.header_length < 104) {
879 error_setg(errp, "qcow2 header too short");
880 ret = -EINVAL;
881 goto fail;
882 }
883 }
884
885 if (header.header_length > s->cluster_size) {
886 error_setg(errp, "qcow2 header exceeds cluster size");
887 ret = -EINVAL;
888 goto fail;
889 }
890
891 if (header.header_length > sizeof(header)) {
892 s->unknown_header_fields_size = header.header_length - sizeof(header);
893 s->unknown_header_fields = g_malloc(s->unknown_header_fields_size);
894 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, sizeof(header), s->unknown_header_fields,
895 s->unknown_header_fields_size);
896 if (ret < 0) {
897 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not read unknown qcow2 header "
898 "fields");
899 goto fail;
900 }
901 }
902
903 if (header.backing_file_offset > s->cluster_size) {
904 error_setg(errp, "Invalid backing file offset");
905 ret = -EINVAL;
906 goto fail;
907 }
908
909 if (header.backing_file_offset) {
910 ext_end = header.backing_file_offset;
911 } else {
912 ext_end = 1 << header.cluster_bits;
913 }
914
915 /* Handle feature bits */
916 s->incompatible_features = header.incompatible_features;
917 s->compatible_features = header.compatible_features;
918 s->autoclear_features = header.autoclear_features;
919
920 if (s->incompatible_features & ~QCOW2_INCOMPAT_MASK) {
921 void *feature_table = NULL;
922 qcow2_read_extensions(bs, header.header_length, ext_end,
923 &feature_table, NULL);
924 report_unsupported_feature(errp, feature_table,
925 s->incompatible_features &
926 ~QCOW2_INCOMPAT_MASK);
927 ret = -ENOTSUP;
928 g_free(feature_table);
929 goto fail;
930 }
931
932 if (s->incompatible_features & QCOW2_INCOMPAT_CORRUPT) {
933 /* Corrupt images may not be written to unless they are being repaired
934 */
935 if ((flags & BDRV_O_RDWR) && !(flags & BDRV_O_CHECK)) {
936 error_setg(errp, "qcow2: Image is corrupt; cannot be opened "
937 "read/write");
938 ret = -EACCES;
939 goto fail;
940 }
941 }
942
943 /* Check support for various header values */
944 if (header.refcount_order > 6) {
945 error_setg(errp, "Reference count entry width too large; may not "
946 "exceed 64 bits");
947 ret = -EINVAL;
948 goto fail;
949 }
950 s->refcount_order = header.refcount_order;
951 s->refcount_bits = 1 << s->refcount_order;
952 s->refcount_max = UINT64_C(1) << (s->refcount_bits - 1);
953 s->refcount_max += s->refcount_max - 1;
954
955 if (header.crypt_method > QCOW_CRYPT_AES) {
956 error_setg(errp, "Unsupported encryption method: %" PRIu32,
957 header.crypt_method);
958 ret = -EINVAL;
959 goto fail;
960 }
961 if (!qcrypto_cipher_supports(QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_AES_128)) {
962 error_setg(errp, "AES cipher not available");
963 ret = -EINVAL;
964 goto fail;
965 }
966 s->crypt_method_header = header.crypt_method;
967 if (s->crypt_method_header) {
968 if (bdrv_uses_whitelist() &&
969 s->crypt_method_header == QCOW_CRYPT_AES) {
970 error_report("qcow2 built-in AES encryption is deprecated");
971 error_printf("Support for it will be removed in a future release.\n"
972 "You can use 'qemu-img convert' to switch to an\n"
973 "unencrypted qcow2 image, or a LUKS raw image.\n");
974 }
975
976 bs->encrypted = 1;
977 }
978
979 s->l2_bits = s->cluster_bits - 3; /* L2 is always one cluster */
980 s->l2_size = 1 << s->l2_bits;
981 /* 2^(s->refcount_order - 3) is the refcount width in bytes */
982 s->refcount_block_bits = s->cluster_bits - (s->refcount_order - 3);
983 s->refcount_block_size = 1 << s->refcount_block_bits;
984 bs->total_sectors = header.size / 512;
985 s->csize_shift = (62 - (s->cluster_bits - 8));
986 s->csize_mask = (1 << (s->cluster_bits - 8)) - 1;
987 s->cluster_offset_mask = (1LL << s->csize_shift) - 1;
988
989 s->refcount_table_offset = header.refcount_table_offset;
990 s->refcount_table_size =
991 header.refcount_table_clusters << (s->cluster_bits - 3);
992
993 if (header.refcount_table_clusters > qcow2_max_refcount_clusters(s)) {
994 error_setg(errp, "Reference count table too large");
995 ret = -EINVAL;
996 goto fail;
997 }
998
999 ret = validate_table_offset(bs, s->refcount_table_offset,
1000 s->refcount_table_size, sizeof(uint64_t));
1001 if (ret < 0) {
1002 error_setg(errp, "Invalid reference count table offset");
1003 goto fail;
1004 }
1005
1006 /* Snapshot table offset/length */
1007 if (header.nb_snapshots > QCOW_MAX_SNAPSHOTS) {
1008 error_setg(errp, "Too many snapshots");
1009 ret = -EINVAL;
1010 goto fail;
1011 }
1012
1013 ret = validate_table_offset(bs, header.snapshots_offset,
1014 header.nb_snapshots,
1015 sizeof(QCowSnapshotHeader));
1016 if (ret < 0) {
1017 error_setg(errp, "Invalid snapshot table offset");
1018 goto fail;
1019 }
1020
1021 /* read the level 1 table */
1022 if (header.l1_size > QCOW_MAX_L1_SIZE / sizeof(uint64_t)) {
1023 error_setg(errp, "Active L1 table too large");
1024 ret = -EFBIG;
1025 goto fail;
1026 }
1027 s->l1_size = header.l1_size;
1028
1029 l1_vm_state_index = size_to_l1(s, header.size);
1030 if (l1_vm_state_index > INT_MAX) {
1031 error_setg(errp, "Image is too big");
1032 ret = -EFBIG;
1033 goto fail;
1034 }
1035 s->l1_vm_state_index = l1_vm_state_index;
1036
1037 /* the L1 table must contain at least enough entries to put
1038 header.size bytes */
1039 if (s->l1_size < s->l1_vm_state_index) {
1040 error_setg(errp, "L1 table is too small");
1041 ret = -EINVAL;
1042 goto fail;
1043 }
1044
1045 ret = validate_table_offset(bs, header.l1_table_offset,
1046 header.l1_size, sizeof(uint64_t));
1047 if (ret < 0) {
1048 error_setg(errp, "Invalid L1 table offset");
1049 goto fail;
1050 }
1051 s->l1_table_offset = header.l1_table_offset;
1052
1053
1054 if (s->l1_size > 0) {
1055 s->l1_table = qemu_try_blockalign(bs->file->bs,
1056 align_offset(s->l1_size * sizeof(uint64_t), 512));
1057 if (s->l1_table == NULL) {
1058 error_setg(errp, "Could not allocate L1 table");
1059 ret = -ENOMEM;
1060 goto fail;
1061 }
1062 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, s->l1_table_offset, s->l1_table,
1063 s->l1_size * sizeof(uint64_t));
1064 if (ret < 0) {
1065 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not read L1 table");
1066 goto fail;
1067 }
1068 for(i = 0;i < s->l1_size; i++) {
1069 be64_to_cpus(&s->l1_table[i]);
1070 }
1071 }
1072
1073 /* Parse driver-specific options */
1074 ret = qcow2_update_options(bs, options, flags, errp);
1075 if (ret < 0) {
1076 goto fail;
1077 }
1078
1079 s->cluster_cache = g_malloc(s->cluster_size);
1080 /* one more sector for decompressed data alignment */
1081 s->cluster_data = qemu_try_blockalign(bs->file->bs, QCOW_MAX_CRYPT_CLUSTERS
1082 * s->cluster_size + 512);
1083 if (s->cluster_data == NULL) {
1084 error_setg(errp, "Could not allocate temporary cluster buffer");
1085 ret = -ENOMEM;
1086 goto fail;
1087 }
1088
1089 s->cluster_cache_offset = -1;
1090 s->flags = flags;
1091
1092 ret = qcow2_refcount_init(bs);
1093 if (ret != 0) {
1094 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not initialize refcount handling");
1095 goto fail;
1096 }
1097
1098 QLIST_INIT(&s->cluster_allocs);
1099 QTAILQ_INIT(&s->discards);
1100
1101 /* read qcow2 extensions */
1102 if (qcow2_read_extensions(bs, header.header_length, ext_end, NULL,
1103 &local_err)) {
1104 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1105 ret = -EINVAL;
1106 goto fail;
1107 }
1108
1109 /* read the backing file name */
1110 if (header.backing_file_offset != 0) {
1111 len = header.backing_file_size;
1112 if (len > MIN(1023, s->cluster_size - header.backing_file_offset) ||
1113 len >= sizeof(bs->backing_file)) {
1114 error_setg(errp, "Backing file name too long");
1115 ret = -EINVAL;
1116 goto fail;
1117 }
1118 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, header.backing_file_offset,
1119 bs->backing_file, len);
1120 if (ret < 0) {
1121 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not read backing file name");
1122 goto fail;
1123 }
1124 bs->backing_file[len] = '\0';
1125 s->image_backing_file = g_strdup(bs->backing_file);
1126 }
1127
1128 /* Internal snapshots */
1129 s->snapshots_offset = header.snapshots_offset;
1130 s->nb_snapshots = header.nb_snapshots;
1131
1132 ret = qcow2_read_snapshots(bs);
1133 if (ret < 0) {
1134 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not read snapshots");
1135 goto fail;
1136 }
1137
1138 /* Clear unknown autoclear feature bits */
1139 if (!bs->read_only && !(flags & BDRV_O_INACTIVE) && s->autoclear_features) {
1140 s->autoclear_features = 0;
1141 ret = qcow2_update_header(bs);
1142 if (ret < 0) {
1143 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not update qcow2 header");
1144 goto fail;
1145 }
1146 }
1147
1148 /* Initialise locks */
1149 qemu_co_mutex_init(&s->lock);
1150
1151 /* Repair image if dirty */
1152 if (!(flags & (BDRV_O_CHECK | BDRV_O_INACTIVE)) && !bs->read_only &&
1153 (s->incompatible_features & QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DIRTY)) {
1154 BdrvCheckResult result = {0};
1155
1156 ret = qcow2_check(bs, &result, BDRV_FIX_ERRORS | BDRV_FIX_LEAKS);
1157 if (ret < 0) {
1158 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not repair dirty image");
1159 goto fail;
1160 }
1161 }
1162
1163 #ifdef DEBUG_ALLOC
1164 {
1165 BdrvCheckResult result = {0};
1166 qcow2_check_refcounts(bs, &result, 0);
1167 }
1168 #endif
1169 return ret;
1170
1171 fail:
1172 g_free(s->unknown_header_fields);
1173 cleanup_unknown_header_ext(bs);
1174 qcow2_free_snapshots(bs);
1175 qcow2_refcount_close(bs);
1176 qemu_vfree(s->l1_table);
1177 /* else pre-write overlap checks in cache_destroy may crash */
1178 s->l1_table = NULL;
1179 cache_clean_timer_del(bs);
1180 if (s->l2_table_cache) {
1181 qcow2_cache_destroy(bs, s->l2_table_cache);
1182 }
1183 if (s->refcount_block_cache) {
1184 qcow2_cache_destroy(bs, s->refcount_block_cache);
1185 }
1186 g_free(s->cluster_cache);
1187 qemu_vfree(s->cluster_data);
1188 return ret;
1189 }
1190
1191 static void qcow2_refresh_limits(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
1192 {
1193 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1194
1195 bs->bl.write_zeroes_alignment = s->cluster_sectors;
1196 }
1197
1198 static int qcow2_set_key(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *key)
1199 {
1200 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1201 uint8_t keybuf[16];
1202 int len, i;
1203 Error *err = NULL;
1204
1205 memset(keybuf, 0, 16);
1206 len = strlen(key);
1207 if (len > 16)
1208 len = 16;
1209 /* XXX: we could compress the chars to 7 bits to increase
1210 entropy */
1211 for(i = 0;i < len;i++) {
1212 keybuf[i] = key[i];
1213 }
1214 assert(bs->encrypted);
1215
1216 qcrypto_cipher_free(s->cipher);
1217 s->cipher = qcrypto_cipher_new(
1218 QCRYPTO_CIPHER_ALG_AES_128,
1219 QCRYPTO_CIPHER_MODE_CBC,
1220 keybuf, G_N_ELEMENTS(keybuf),
1221 &err);
1222
1223 if (!s->cipher) {
1224 /* XXX would be nice if errors in this method could
1225 * be properly propagate to the caller. Would need
1226 * the bdrv_set_key() API signature to be fixed. */
1227 error_free(err);
1228 return -1;
1229 }
1230 return 0;
1231 }
1232
1233 static int qcow2_reopen_prepare(BDRVReopenState *state,
1234 BlockReopenQueue *queue, Error **errp)
1235 {
1236 Qcow2ReopenState *r;
1237 int ret;
1238
1239 r = g_new0(Qcow2ReopenState, 1);
1240 state->opaque = r;
1241
1242 ret = qcow2_update_options_prepare(state->bs, r, state->options,
1243 state->flags, errp);
1244 if (ret < 0) {
1245 goto fail;
1246 }
1247
1248 /* We need to write out any unwritten data if we reopen read-only. */
1249 if ((state->flags & BDRV_O_RDWR) == 0) {
1250 ret = bdrv_flush(state->bs);
1251 if (ret < 0) {
1252 goto fail;
1253 }
1254
1255 ret = qcow2_mark_clean(state->bs);
1256 if (ret < 0) {
1257 goto fail;
1258 }
1259 }
1260
1261 return 0;
1262
1263 fail:
1264 qcow2_update_options_abort(state->bs, r);
1265 g_free(r);
1266 return ret;
1267 }
1268
1269 static void qcow2_reopen_commit(BDRVReopenState *state)
1270 {
1271 qcow2_update_options_commit(state->bs, state->opaque);
1272 g_free(state->opaque);
1273 }
1274
1275 static void qcow2_reopen_abort(BDRVReopenState *state)
1276 {
1277 qcow2_update_options_abort(state->bs, state->opaque);
1278 g_free(state->opaque);
1279 }
1280
1281 static void qcow2_join_options(QDict *options, QDict *old_options)
1282 {
1283 bool has_new_overlap_template =
1284 qdict_haskey(options, QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP) ||
1285 qdict_haskey(options, QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_TEMPLATE);
1286 bool has_new_total_cache_size =
1287 qdict_haskey(options, QCOW2_OPT_CACHE_SIZE);
1288 bool has_all_cache_options;
1289
1290 /* New overlap template overrides all old overlap options */
1291 if (has_new_overlap_template) {
1292 qdict_del(old_options, QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP);
1293 qdict_del(old_options, QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_TEMPLATE);
1294 qdict_del(old_options, QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_MAIN_HEADER);
1295 qdict_del(old_options, QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_ACTIVE_L1);
1296 qdict_del(old_options, QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_ACTIVE_L2);
1297 qdict_del(old_options, QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_REFCOUNT_TABLE);
1298 qdict_del(old_options, QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_REFCOUNT_BLOCK);
1299 qdict_del(old_options, QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_SNAPSHOT_TABLE);
1300 qdict_del(old_options, QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_INACTIVE_L1);
1301 qdict_del(old_options, QCOW2_OPT_OVERLAP_INACTIVE_L2);
1302 }
1303
1304 /* New total cache size overrides all old options */
1305 if (qdict_haskey(options, QCOW2_OPT_CACHE_SIZE)) {
1306 qdict_del(old_options, QCOW2_OPT_L2_CACHE_SIZE);
1307 qdict_del(old_options, QCOW2_OPT_REFCOUNT_CACHE_SIZE);
1308 }
1309
1310 qdict_join(options, old_options, false);
1311
1312 /*
1313 * If after merging all cache size options are set, an old total size is
1314 * overwritten. Do keep all options, however, if all three are new. The
1315 * resulting error message is what we want to happen.
1316 */
1317 has_all_cache_options =
1318 qdict_haskey(options, QCOW2_OPT_CACHE_SIZE) ||
1319 qdict_haskey(options, QCOW2_OPT_L2_CACHE_SIZE) ||
1320 qdict_haskey(options, QCOW2_OPT_REFCOUNT_CACHE_SIZE);
1321
1322 if (has_all_cache_options && !has_new_total_cache_size) {
1323 qdict_del(options, QCOW2_OPT_CACHE_SIZE);
1324 }
1325 }
1326
1327 static int64_t coroutine_fn qcow2_co_get_block_status(BlockDriverState *bs,
1328 int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors, int *pnum, BlockDriverState **file)
1329 {
1330 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1331 uint64_t cluster_offset;
1332 int index_in_cluster, ret;
1333 int64_t status = 0;
1334
1335 *pnum = nb_sectors;
1336 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1337 ret = qcow2_get_cluster_offset(bs, sector_num << 9, pnum, &cluster_offset);
1338 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1339 if (ret < 0) {
1340 return ret;
1341 }
1342
1343 if (cluster_offset != 0 && ret != QCOW2_CLUSTER_COMPRESSED &&
1344 !s->cipher) {
1345 index_in_cluster = sector_num & (s->cluster_sectors - 1);
1346 cluster_offset |= (index_in_cluster << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
1347 *file = bs->file->bs;
1348 status |= BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_VALID | cluster_offset;
1349 }
1350 if (ret == QCOW2_CLUSTER_ZERO) {
1351 status |= BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO;
1352 } else if (ret != QCOW2_CLUSTER_UNALLOCATED) {
1353 status |= BDRV_BLOCK_DATA;
1354 }
1355 return status;
1356 }
1357
1358 /* handle reading after the end of the backing file */
1359 int qcow2_backing_read1(BlockDriverState *bs, QEMUIOVector *qiov,
1360 int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors)
1361 {
1362 int n1;
1363 if ((sector_num + nb_sectors) <= bs->total_sectors)
1364 return nb_sectors;
1365 if (sector_num >= bs->total_sectors)
1366 n1 = 0;
1367 else
1368 n1 = bs->total_sectors - sector_num;
1369
1370 qemu_iovec_memset(qiov, 512 * n1, 0, 512 * (nb_sectors - n1));
1371
1372 return n1;
1373 }
1374
1375 static coroutine_fn int qcow2_co_readv(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
1376 int remaining_sectors, QEMUIOVector *qiov)
1377 {
1378 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1379 int index_in_cluster, n1;
1380 int ret;
1381 int cur_nr_sectors; /* number of sectors in current iteration */
1382 uint64_t cluster_offset = 0;
1383 uint64_t bytes_done = 0;
1384 QEMUIOVector hd_qiov;
1385 uint8_t *cluster_data = NULL;
1386
1387 qemu_iovec_init(&hd_qiov, qiov->niov);
1388
1389 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1390
1391 while (remaining_sectors != 0) {
1392
1393 /* prepare next request */
1394 cur_nr_sectors = remaining_sectors;
1395 if (s->cipher) {
1396 cur_nr_sectors = MIN(cur_nr_sectors,
1397 QCOW_MAX_CRYPT_CLUSTERS * s->cluster_sectors);
1398 }
1399
1400 ret = qcow2_get_cluster_offset(bs, sector_num << 9,
1401 &cur_nr_sectors, &cluster_offset);
1402 if (ret < 0) {
1403 goto fail;
1404 }
1405
1406 index_in_cluster = sector_num & (s->cluster_sectors - 1);
1407
1408 qemu_iovec_reset(&hd_qiov);
1409 qemu_iovec_concat(&hd_qiov, qiov, bytes_done,
1410 cur_nr_sectors * 512);
1411
1412 switch (ret) {
1413 case QCOW2_CLUSTER_UNALLOCATED:
1414
1415 if (bs->backing) {
1416 /* read from the base image */
1417 n1 = qcow2_backing_read1(bs->backing->bs, &hd_qiov,
1418 sector_num, cur_nr_sectors);
1419 if (n1 > 0) {
1420 QEMUIOVector local_qiov;
1421
1422 qemu_iovec_init(&local_qiov, hd_qiov.niov);
1423 qemu_iovec_concat(&local_qiov, &hd_qiov, 0,
1424 n1 * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
1425
1426 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_READ_BACKING_AIO);
1427 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1428 ret = bdrv_co_readv(bs->backing->bs, sector_num,
1429 n1, &local_qiov);
1430 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1431
1432 qemu_iovec_destroy(&local_qiov);
1433
1434 if (ret < 0) {
1435 goto fail;
1436 }
1437 }
1438 } else {
1439 /* Note: in this case, no need to wait */
1440 qemu_iovec_memset(&hd_qiov, 0, 0, 512 * cur_nr_sectors);
1441 }
1442 break;
1443
1444 case QCOW2_CLUSTER_ZERO:
1445 qemu_iovec_memset(&hd_qiov, 0, 0, 512 * cur_nr_sectors);
1446 break;
1447
1448 case QCOW2_CLUSTER_COMPRESSED:
1449 /* add AIO support for compressed blocks ? */
1450 ret = qcow2_decompress_cluster(bs, cluster_offset);
1451 if (ret < 0) {
1452 goto fail;
1453 }
1454
1455 qemu_iovec_from_buf(&hd_qiov, 0,
1456 s->cluster_cache + index_in_cluster * 512,
1457 512 * cur_nr_sectors);
1458 break;
1459
1460 case QCOW2_CLUSTER_NORMAL:
1461 if ((cluster_offset & 511) != 0) {
1462 ret = -EIO;
1463 goto fail;
1464 }
1465
1466 if (bs->encrypted) {
1467 assert(s->cipher);
1468
1469 /*
1470 * For encrypted images, read everything into a temporary
1471 * contiguous buffer on which the AES functions can work.
1472 */
1473 if (!cluster_data) {
1474 cluster_data =
1475 qemu_try_blockalign(bs->file->bs,
1476 QCOW_MAX_CRYPT_CLUSTERS
1477 * s->cluster_size);
1478 if (cluster_data == NULL) {
1479 ret = -ENOMEM;
1480 goto fail;
1481 }
1482 }
1483
1484 assert(cur_nr_sectors <=
1485 QCOW_MAX_CRYPT_CLUSTERS * s->cluster_sectors);
1486 qemu_iovec_reset(&hd_qiov);
1487 qemu_iovec_add(&hd_qiov, cluster_data,
1488 512 * cur_nr_sectors);
1489 }
1490
1491 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_READ_AIO);
1492 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1493 ret = bdrv_co_readv(bs->file->bs,
1494 (cluster_offset >> 9) + index_in_cluster,
1495 cur_nr_sectors, &hd_qiov);
1496 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1497 if (ret < 0) {
1498 goto fail;
1499 }
1500 if (bs->encrypted) {
1501 assert(s->cipher);
1502 Error *err = NULL;
1503 if (qcow2_encrypt_sectors(s, sector_num, cluster_data,
1504 cluster_data, cur_nr_sectors, false,
1505 &err) < 0) {
1506 error_free(err);
1507 ret = -EIO;
1508 goto fail;
1509 }
1510 qemu_iovec_from_buf(qiov, bytes_done,
1511 cluster_data, 512 * cur_nr_sectors);
1512 }
1513 break;
1514
1515 default:
1516 g_assert_not_reached();
1517 ret = -EIO;
1518 goto fail;
1519 }
1520
1521 remaining_sectors -= cur_nr_sectors;
1522 sector_num += cur_nr_sectors;
1523 bytes_done += cur_nr_sectors * 512;
1524 }
1525 ret = 0;
1526
1527 fail:
1528 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1529
1530 qemu_iovec_destroy(&hd_qiov);
1531 qemu_vfree(cluster_data);
1532
1533 return ret;
1534 }
1535
1536 static coroutine_fn int qcow2_co_writev(BlockDriverState *bs,
1537 int64_t sector_num,
1538 int remaining_sectors,
1539 QEMUIOVector *qiov)
1540 {
1541 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1542 int index_in_cluster;
1543 int ret;
1544 int cur_nr_sectors; /* number of sectors in current iteration */
1545 uint64_t cluster_offset;
1546 QEMUIOVector hd_qiov;
1547 uint64_t bytes_done = 0;
1548 uint8_t *cluster_data = NULL;
1549 QCowL2Meta *l2meta = NULL;
1550
1551 trace_qcow2_writev_start_req(qemu_coroutine_self(), sector_num,
1552 remaining_sectors);
1553
1554 qemu_iovec_init(&hd_qiov, qiov->niov);
1555
1556 s->cluster_cache_offset = -1; /* disable compressed cache */
1557
1558 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1559
1560 while (remaining_sectors != 0) {
1561
1562 l2meta = NULL;
1563
1564 trace_qcow2_writev_start_part(qemu_coroutine_self());
1565 index_in_cluster = sector_num & (s->cluster_sectors - 1);
1566 cur_nr_sectors = remaining_sectors;
1567 if (bs->encrypted &&
1568 cur_nr_sectors >
1569 QCOW_MAX_CRYPT_CLUSTERS * s->cluster_sectors - index_in_cluster) {
1570 cur_nr_sectors =
1571 QCOW_MAX_CRYPT_CLUSTERS * s->cluster_sectors - index_in_cluster;
1572 }
1573
1574 ret = qcow2_alloc_cluster_offset(bs, sector_num << 9,
1575 &cur_nr_sectors, &cluster_offset, &l2meta);
1576 if (ret < 0) {
1577 goto fail;
1578 }
1579
1580 assert((cluster_offset & 511) == 0);
1581
1582 qemu_iovec_reset(&hd_qiov);
1583 qemu_iovec_concat(&hd_qiov, qiov, bytes_done,
1584 cur_nr_sectors * 512);
1585
1586 if (bs->encrypted) {
1587 Error *err = NULL;
1588 assert(s->cipher);
1589 if (!cluster_data) {
1590 cluster_data = qemu_try_blockalign(bs->file->bs,
1591 QCOW_MAX_CRYPT_CLUSTERS
1592 * s->cluster_size);
1593 if (cluster_data == NULL) {
1594 ret = -ENOMEM;
1595 goto fail;
1596 }
1597 }
1598
1599 assert(hd_qiov.size <=
1600 QCOW_MAX_CRYPT_CLUSTERS * s->cluster_size);
1601 qemu_iovec_to_buf(&hd_qiov, 0, cluster_data, hd_qiov.size);
1602
1603 if (qcow2_encrypt_sectors(s, sector_num, cluster_data,
1604 cluster_data, cur_nr_sectors,
1605 true, &err) < 0) {
1606 error_free(err);
1607 ret = -EIO;
1608 goto fail;
1609 }
1610
1611 qemu_iovec_reset(&hd_qiov);
1612 qemu_iovec_add(&hd_qiov, cluster_data,
1613 cur_nr_sectors * 512);
1614 }
1615
1616 ret = qcow2_pre_write_overlap_check(bs, 0,
1617 cluster_offset + index_in_cluster * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
1618 cur_nr_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
1619 if (ret < 0) {
1620 goto fail;
1621 }
1622
1623 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1624 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_WRITE_AIO);
1625 trace_qcow2_writev_data(qemu_coroutine_self(),
1626 (cluster_offset >> 9) + index_in_cluster);
1627 ret = bdrv_co_writev(bs->file->bs,
1628 (cluster_offset >> 9) + index_in_cluster,
1629 cur_nr_sectors, &hd_qiov);
1630 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1631 if (ret < 0) {
1632 goto fail;
1633 }
1634
1635 while (l2meta != NULL) {
1636 QCowL2Meta *next;
1637
1638 ret = qcow2_alloc_cluster_link_l2(bs, l2meta);
1639 if (ret < 0) {
1640 goto fail;
1641 }
1642
1643 /* Take the request off the list of running requests */
1644 if (l2meta->nb_clusters != 0) {
1645 QLIST_REMOVE(l2meta, next_in_flight);
1646 }
1647
1648 qemu_co_queue_restart_all(&l2meta->dependent_requests);
1649
1650 next = l2meta->next;
1651 g_free(l2meta);
1652 l2meta = next;
1653 }
1654
1655 remaining_sectors -= cur_nr_sectors;
1656 sector_num += cur_nr_sectors;
1657 bytes_done += cur_nr_sectors * 512;
1658 trace_qcow2_writev_done_part(qemu_coroutine_self(), cur_nr_sectors);
1659 }
1660 ret = 0;
1661
1662 fail:
1663 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1664
1665 while (l2meta != NULL) {
1666 QCowL2Meta *next;
1667
1668 if (l2meta->nb_clusters != 0) {
1669 QLIST_REMOVE(l2meta, next_in_flight);
1670 }
1671 qemu_co_queue_restart_all(&l2meta->dependent_requests);
1672
1673 next = l2meta->next;
1674 g_free(l2meta);
1675 l2meta = next;
1676 }
1677
1678 qemu_iovec_destroy(&hd_qiov);
1679 qemu_vfree(cluster_data);
1680 trace_qcow2_writev_done_req(qemu_coroutine_self(), ret);
1681
1682 return ret;
1683 }
1684
1685 static int qcow2_inactivate(BlockDriverState *bs)
1686 {
1687 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1688 int ret, result = 0;
1689
1690 ret = qcow2_cache_flush(bs, s->l2_table_cache);
1691 if (ret) {
1692 result = ret;
1693 error_report("Failed to flush the L2 table cache: %s",
1694 strerror(-ret));
1695 }
1696
1697 ret = qcow2_cache_flush(bs, s->refcount_block_cache);
1698 if (ret) {
1699 result = ret;
1700 error_report("Failed to flush the refcount block cache: %s",
1701 strerror(-ret));
1702 }
1703
1704 if (result == 0) {
1705 qcow2_mark_clean(bs);
1706 }
1707
1708 return result;
1709 }
1710
1711 static void qcow2_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
1712 {
1713 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1714 qemu_vfree(s->l1_table);
1715 /* else pre-write overlap checks in cache_destroy may crash */
1716 s->l1_table = NULL;
1717
1718 if (!(s->flags & BDRV_O_INACTIVE)) {
1719 qcow2_inactivate(bs);
1720 }
1721
1722 cache_clean_timer_del(bs);
1723 qcow2_cache_destroy(bs, s->l2_table_cache);
1724 qcow2_cache_destroy(bs, s->refcount_block_cache);
1725
1726 qcrypto_cipher_free(s->cipher);
1727 s->cipher = NULL;
1728
1729 g_free(s->unknown_header_fields);
1730 cleanup_unknown_header_ext(bs);
1731
1732 g_free(s->image_backing_file);
1733 g_free(s->image_backing_format);
1734
1735 g_free(s->cluster_cache);
1736 qemu_vfree(s->cluster_data);
1737 qcow2_refcount_close(bs);
1738 qcow2_free_snapshots(bs);
1739 }
1740
1741 static void qcow2_invalidate_cache(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
1742 {
1743 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1744 int flags = s->flags;
1745 QCryptoCipher *cipher = NULL;
1746 QDict *options;
1747 Error *local_err = NULL;
1748 int ret;
1749
1750 /*
1751 * Backing files are read-only which makes all of their metadata immutable,
1752 * that means we don't have to worry about reopening them here.
1753 */
1754
1755 cipher = s->cipher;
1756 s->cipher = NULL;
1757
1758 qcow2_close(bs);
1759
1760 bdrv_invalidate_cache(bs->file->bs, &local_err);
1761 if (local_err) {
1762 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1763 bs->drv = NULL;
1764 return;
1765 }
1766
1767 memset(s, 0, sizeof(BDRVQcow2State));
1768 options = qdict_clone_shallow(bs->options);
1769
1770 flags &= ~BDRV_O_INACTIVE;
1771 ret = qcow2_open(bs, options, flags, &local_err);
1772 QDECREF(options);
1773 if (local_err) {
1774 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
1775 error_prepend(errp, "Could not reopen qcow2 layer: ");
1776 bs->drv = NULL;
1777 return;
1778 } else if (ret < 0) {
1779 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not reopen qcow2 layer");
1780 bs->drv = NULL;
1781 return;
1782 }
1783
1784 s->cipher = cipher;
1785 }
1786
1787 static size_t header_ext_add(char *buf, uint32_t magic, const void *s,
1788 size_t len, size_t buflen)
1789 {
1790 QCowExtension *ext_backing_fmt = (QCowExtension*) buf;
1791 size_t ext_len = sizeof(QCowExtension) + ((len + 7) & ~7);
1792
1793 if (buflen < ext_len) {
1794 return -ENOSPC;
1795 }
1796
1797 *ext_backing_fmt = (QCowExtension) {
1798 .magic = cpu_to_be32(magic),
1799 .len = cpu_to_be32(len),
1800 };
1801 memcpy(buf + sizeof(QCowExtension), s, len);
1802
1803 return ext_len;
1804 }
1805
1806 /*
1807 * Updates the qcow2 header, including the variable length parts of it, i.e.
1808 * the backing file name and all extensions. qcow2 was not designed to allow
1809 * such changes, so if we run out of space (we can only use the first cluster)
1810 * this function may fail.
1811 *
1812 * Returns 0 on success, -errno in error cases.
1813 */
1814 int qcow2_update_header(BlockDriverState *bs)
1815 {
1816 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1817 QCowHeader *header;
1818 char *buf;
1819 size_t buflen = s->cluster_size;
1820 int ret;
1821 uint64_t total_size;
1822 uint32_t refcount_table_clusters;
1823 size_t header_length;
1824 Qcow2UnknownHeaderExtension *uext;
1825
1826 buf = qemu_blockalign(bs, buflen);
1827
1828 /* Header structure */
1829 header = (QCowHeader*) buf;
1830
1831 if (buflen < sizeof(*header)) {
1832 ret = -ENOSPC;
1833 goto fail;
1834 }
1835
1836 header_length = sizeof(*header) + s->unknown_header_fields_size;
1837 total_size = bs->total_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
1838 refcount_table_clusters = s->refcount_table_size >> (s->cluster_bits - 3);
1839
1840 *header = (QCowHeader) {
1841 /* Version 2 fields */
1842 .magic = cpu_to_be32(QCOW_MAGIC),
1843 .version = cpu_to_be32(s->qcow_version),
1844 .backing_file_offset = 0,
1845 .backing_file_size = 0,
1846 .cluster_bits = cpu_to_be32(s->cluster_bits),
1847 .size = cpu_to_be64(total_size),
1848 .crypt_method = cpu_to_be32(s->crypt_method_header),
1849 .l1_size = cpu_to_be32(s->l1_size),
1850 .l1_table_offset = cpu_to_be64(s->l1_table_offset),
1851 .refcount_table_offset = cpu_to_be64(s->refcount_table_offset),
1852 .refcount_table_clusters = cpu_to_be32(refcount_table_clusters),
1853 .nb_snapshots = cpu_to_be32(s->nb_snapshots),
1854 .snapshots_offset = cpu_to_be64(s->snapshots_offset),
1855
1856 /* Version 3 fields */
1857 .incompatible_features = cpu_to_be64(s->incompatible_features),
1858 .compatible_features = cpu_to_be64(s->compatible_features),
1859 .autoclear_features = cpu_to_be64(s->autoclear_features),
1860 .refcount_order = cpu_to_be32(s->refcount_order),
1861 .header_length = cpu_to_be32(header_length),
1862 };
1863
1864 /* For older versions, write a shorter header */
1865 switch (s->qcow_version) {
1866 case 2:
1867 ret = offsetof(QCowHeader, incompatible_features);
1868 break;
1869 case 3:
1870 ret = sizeof(*header);
1871 break;
1872 default:
1873 ret = -EINVAL;
1874 goto fail;
1875 }
1876
1877 buf += ret;
1878 buflen -= ret;
1879 memset(buf, 0, buflen);
1880
1881 /* Preserve any unknown field in the header */
1882 if (s->unknown_header_fields_size) {
1883 if (buflen < s->unknown_header_fields_size) {
1884 ret = -ENOSPC;
1885 goto fail;
1886 }
1887
1888 memcpy(buf, s->unknown_header_fields, s->unknown_header_fields_size);
1889 buf += s->unknown_header_fields_size;
1890 buflen -= s->unknown_header_fields_size;
1891 }
1892
1893 /* Backing file format header extension */
1894 if (s->image_backing_format) {
1895 ret = header_ext_add(buf, QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_BACKING_FORMAT,
1896 s->image_backing_format,
1897 strlen(s->image_backing_format),
1898 buflen);
1899 if (ret < 0) {
1900 goto fail;
1901 }
1902
1903 buf += ret;
1904 buflen -= ret;
1905 }
1906
1907 /* Feature table */
1908 if (s->qcow_version >= 3) {
1909 Qcow2Feature features[] = {
1910 {
1911 .type = QCOW2_FEAT_TYPE_INCOMPATIBLE,
1912 .bit = QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DIRTY_BITNR,
1913 .name = "dirty bit",
1914 },
1915 {
1916 .type = QCOW2_FEAT_TYPE_INCOMPATIBLE,
1917 .bit = QCOW2_INCOMPAT_CORRUPT_BITNR,
1918 .name = "corrupt bit",
1919 },
1920 {
1921 .type = QCOW2_FEAT_TYPE_COMPATIBLE,
1922 .bit = QCOW2_COMPAT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS_BITNR,
1923 .name = "lazy refcounts",
1924 },
1925 };
1926
1927 ret = header_ext_add(buf, QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_FEATURE_TABLE,
1928 features, sizeof(features), buflen);
1929 if (ret < 0) {
1930 goto fail;
1931 }
1932 buf += ret;
1933 buflen -= ret;
1934 }
1935
1936 /* Keep unknown header extensions */
1937 QLIST_FOREACH(uext, &s->unknown_header_ext, next) {
1938 ret = header_ext_add(buf, uext->magic, uext->data, uext->len, buflen);
1939 if (ret < 0) {
1940 goto fail;
1941 }
1942
1943 buf += ret;
1944 buflen -= ret;
1945 }
1946
1947 /* End of header extensions */
1948 ret = header_ext_add(buf, QCOW2_EXT_MAGIC_END, NULL, 0, buflen);
1949 if (ret < 0) {
1950 goto fail;
1951 }
1952
1953 buf += ret;
1954 buflen -= ret;
1955
1956 /* Backing file name */
1957 if (s->image_backing_file) {
1958 size_t backing_file_len = strlen(s->image_backing_file);
1959
1960 if (buflen < backing_file_len) {
1961 ret = -ENOSPC;
1962 goto fail;
1963 }
1964
1965 /* Using strncpy is ok here, since buf is not NUL-terminated. */
1966 strncpy(buf, s->image_backing_file, buflen);
1967
1968 header->backing_file_offset = cpu_to_be64(buf - ((char*) header));
1969 header->backing_file_size = cpu_to_be32(backing_file_len);
1970 }
1971
1972 /* Write the new header */
1973 ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file->bs, 0, header, s->cluster_size);
1974 if (ret < 0) {
1975 goto fail;
1976 }
1977
1978 ret = 0;
1979 fail:
1980 qemu_vfree(header);
1981 return ret;
1982 }
1983
1984 static int qcow2_change_backing_file(BlockDriverState *bs,
1985 const char *backing_file, const char *backing_fmt)
1986 {
1987 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1988
1989 if (backing_file && strlen(backing_file) > 1023) {
1990 return -EINVAL;
1991 }
1992
1993 pstrcpy(bs->backing_file, sizeof(bs->backing_file), backing_file ?: "");
1994 pstrcpy(bs->backing_format, sizeof(bs->backing_format), backing_fmt ?: "");
1995
1996 g_free(s->image_backing_file);
1997 g_free(s->image_backing_format);
1998
1999 s->image_backing_file = backing_file ? g_strdup(bs->backing_file) : NULL;
2000 s->image_backing_format = backing_fmt ? g_strdup(bs->backing_format) : NULL;
2001
2002 return qcow2_update_header(bs);
2003 }
2004
2005 static int preallocate(BlockDriverState *bs)
2006 {
2007 uint64_t nb_sectors;
2008 uint64_t offset;
2009 uint64_t host_offset = 0;
2010 int num;
2011 int ret;
2012 QCowL2Meta *meta;
2013
2014 nb_sectors = bdrv_nb_sectors(bs);
2015 offset = 0;
2016
2017 while (nb_sectors) {
2018 num = MIN(nb_sectors, INT_MAX >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
2019 ret = qcow2_alloc_cluster_offset(bs, offset, &num,
2020 &host_offset, &meta);
2021 if (ret < 0) {
2022 return ret;
2023 }
2024
2025 while (meta) {
2026 QCowL2Meta *next = meta->next;
2027
2028 ret = qcow2_alloc_cluster_link_l2(bs, meta);
2029 if (ret < 0) {
2030 qcow2_free_any_clusters(bs, meta->alloc_offset,
2031 meta->nb_clusters, QCOW2_DISCARD_NEVER);
2032 return ret;
2033 }
2034
2035 /* There are no dependent requests, but we need to remove our
2036 * request from the list of in-flight requests */
2037 QLIST_REMOVE(meta, next_in_flight);
2038
2039 g_free(meta);
2040 meta = next;
2041 }
2042
2043 /* TODO Preallocate data if requested */
2044
2045 nb_sectors -= num;
2046 offset += num << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
2047 }
2048
2049 /*
2050 * It is expected that the image file is large enough to actually contain
2051 * all of the allocated clusters (otherwise we get failing reads after
2052 * EOF). Extend the image to the last allocated sector.
2053 */
2054 if (host_offset != 0) {
2055 uint8_t buf[BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE];
2056 memset(buf, 0, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
2057 ret = bdrv_write(bs->file->bs,
2058 (host_offset >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS) + num - 1,
2059 buf, 1);
2060 if (ret < 0) {
2061 return ret;
2062 }
2063 }
2064
2065 return 0;
2066 }
2067
2068 static int qcow2_create2(const char *filename, int64_t total_size,
2069 const char *backing_file, const char *backing_format,
2070 int flags, size_t cluster_size, PreallocMode prealloc,
2071 QemuOpts *opts, int version, int refcount_order,
2072 Error **errp)
2073 {
2074 int cluster_bits;
2075 QDict *options;
2076
2077 /* Calculate cluster_bits */
2078 cluster_bits = ctz32(cluster_size);
2079 if (cluster_bits < MIN_CLUSTER_BITS || cluster_bits > MAX_CLUSTER_BITS ||
2080 (1 << cluster_bits) != cluster_size)
2081 {
2082 error_setg(errp, "Cluster size must be a power of two between %d and "
2083 "%dk", 1 << MIN_CLUSTER_BITS, 1 << (MAX_CLUSTER_BITS - 10));
2084 return -EINVAL;
2085 }
2086
2087 /*
2088 * Open the image file and write a minimal qcow2 header.
2089 *
2090 * We keep things simple and start with a zero-sized image. We also
2091 * do without refcount blocks or a L1 table for now. We'll fix the
2092 * inconsistency later.
2093 *
2094 * We do need a refcount table because growing the refcount table means
2095 * allocating two new refcount blocks - the seconds of which would be at
2096 * 2 GB for 64k clusters, and we don't want to have a 2 GB initial file
2097 * size for any qcow2 image.
2098 */
2099 BlockBackend *blk;
2100 QCowHeader *header;
2101 uint64_t* refcount_table;
2102 Error *local_err = NULL;
2103 int ret;
2104
2105 if (prealloc == PREALLOC_MODE_FULL || prealloc == PREALLOC_MODE_FALLOC) {
2106 /* Note: The following calculation does not need to be exact; if it is a
2107 * bit off, either some bytes will be "leaked" (which is fine) or we
2108 * will need to increase the file size by some bytes (which is fine,
2109 * too, as long as the bulk is allocated here). Therefore, using
2110 * floating point arithmetic is fine. */
2111 int64_t meta_size = 0;
2112 uint64_t nreftablee, nrefblocke, nl1e, nl2e;
2113 int64_t aligned_total_size = align_offset(total_size, cluster_size);
2114 int refblock_bits, refblock_size;
2115 /* refcount entry size in bytes */
2116 double rces = (1 << refcount_order) / 8.;
2117
2118 /* see qcow2_open() */
2119 refblock_bits = cluster_bits - (refcount_order - 3);
2120 refblock_size = 1 << refblock_bits;
2121
2122 /* header: 1 cluster */
2123 meta_size += cluster_size;
2124
2125 /* total size of L2 tables */
2126 nl2e = aligned_total_size / cluster_size;
2127 nl2e = align_offset(nl2e, cluster_size / sizeof(uint64_t));
2128 meta_size += nl2e * sizeof(uint64_t);
2129
2130 /* total size of L1 tables */
2131 nl1e = nl2e * sizeof(uint64_t) / cluster_size;
2132 nl1e = align_offset(nl1e, cluster_size / sizeof(uint64_t));
2133 meta_size += nl1e * sizeof(uint64_t);
2134
2135 /* total size of refcount blocks
2136 *
2137 * note: every host cluster is reference-counted, including metadata
2138 * (even refcount blocks are recursively included).
2139 * Let:
2140 * a = total_size (this is the guest disk size)
2141 * m = meta size not including refcount blocks and refcount tables
2142 * c = cluster size
2143 * y1 = number of refcount blocks entries
2144 * y2 = meta size including everything
2145 * rces = refcount entry size in bytes
2146 * then,
2147 * y1 = (y2 + a)/c
2148 * y2 = y1 * rces + y1 * rces * sizeof(u64) / c + m
2149 * we can get y1:
2150 * y1 = (a + m) / (c - rces - rces * sizeof(u64) / c)
2151 */
2152 nrefblocke = (aligned_total_size + meta_size + cluster_size)
2153 / (cluster_size - rces - rces * sizeof(uint64_t)
2154 / cluster_size);
2155 meta_size += DIV_ROUND_UP(nrefblocke, refblock_size) * cluster_size;
2156
2157 /* total size of refcount tables */
2158 nreftablee = nrefblocke / refblock_size;
2159 nreftablee = align_offset(nreftablee, cluster_size / sizeof(uint64_t));
2160 meta_size += nreftablee * sizeof(uint64_t);
2161
2162 qemu_opt_set_number(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE,
2163 aligned_total_size + meta_size, &error_abort);
2164 qemu_opt_set(opts, BLOCK_OPT_PREALLOC, PreallocMode_lookup[prealloc],
2165 &error_abort);
2166 }
2167
2168 ret = bdrv_create_file(filename, opts, &local_err);
2169 if (ret < 0) {
2170 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
2171 return ret;
2172 }
2173
2174 blk = blk_new_open(filename, NULL, NULL,
2175 BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_PROTOCOL, &local_err);
2176 if (blk == NULL) {
2177 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
2178 return -EIO;
2179 }
2180
2181 blk_set_allow_write_beyond_eof(blk, true);
2182
2183 /* Write the header */
2184 QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON((1 << MIN_CLUSTER_BITS) < sizeof(*header));
2185 header = g_malloc0(cluster_size);
2186 *header = (QCowHeader) {
2187 .magic = cpu_to_be32(QCOW_MAGIC),
2188 .version = cpu_to_be32(version),
2189 .cluster_bits = cpu_to_be32(cluster_bits),
2190 .size = cpu_to_be64(0),
2191 .l1_table_offset = cpu_to_be64(0),
2192 .l1_size = cpu_to_be32(0),
2193 .refcount_table_offset = cpu_to_be64(cluster_size),
2194 .refcount_table_clusters = cpu_to_be32(1),
2195 .refcount_order = cpu_to_be32(refcount_order),
2196 .header_length = cpu_to_be32(sizeof(*header)),
2197 };
2198
2199 if (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_ENCRYPT) {
2200 header->crypt_method = cpu_to_be32(QCOW_CRYPT_AES);
2201 } else {
2202 header->crypt_method = cpu_to_be32(QCOW_CRYPT_NONE);
2203 }
2204
2205 if (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_LAZY_REFCOUNTS) {
2206 header->compatible_features |=
2207 cpu_to_be64(QCOW2_COMPAT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS);
2208 }
2209
2210 ret = blk_pwrite(blk, 0, header, cluster_size);
2211 g_free(header);
2212 if (ret < 0) {
2213 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not write qcow2 header");
2214 goto out;
2215 }
2216
2217 /* Write a refcount table with one refcount block */
2218 refcount_table = g_malloc0(2 * cluster_size);
2219 refcount_table[0] = cpu_to_be64(2 * cluster_size);
2220 ret = blk_pwrite(blk, cluster_size, refcount_table, 2 * cluster_size);
2221 g_free(refcount_table);
2222
2223 if (ret < 0) {
2224 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not write refcount table");
2225 goto out;
2226 }
2227
2228 blk_unref(blk);
2229 blk = NULL;
2230
2231 /*
2232 * And now open the image and make it consistent first (i.e. increase the
2233 * refcount of the cluster that is occupied by the header and the refcount
2234 * table)
2235 */
2236 options = qdict_new();
2237 qdict_put(options, "driver", qstring_from_str("qcow2"));
2238 blk = blk_new_open(filename, NULL, options,
2239 BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_NO_FLUSH, &local_err);
2240 if (blk == NULL) {
2241 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
2242 ret = -EIO;
2243 goto out;
2244 }
2245
2246 ret = qcow2_alloc_clusters(blk_bs(blk), 3 * cluster_size);
2247 if (ret < 0) {
2248 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not allocate clusters for qcow2 "
2249 "header and refcount table");
2250 goto out;
2251
2252 } else if (ret != 0) {
2253 error_report("Huh, first cluster in empty image is already in use?");
2254 abort();
2255 }
2256
2257 /* Create a full header (including things like feature table) */
2258 ret = qcow2_update_header(blk_bs(blk));
2259 if (ret < 0) {
2260 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not update qcow2 header");
2261 goto out;
2262 }
2263
2264 /* Okay, now that we have a valid image, let's give it the right size */
2265 ret = blk_truncate(blk, total_size);
2266 if (ret < 0) {
2267 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not resize image");
2268 goto out;
2269 }
2270
2271 /* Want a backing file? There you go.*/
2272 if (backing_file) {
2273 ret = bdrv_change_backing_file(blk_bs(blk), backing_file, backing_format);
2274 if (ret < 0) {
2275 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not assign backing file '%s' "
2276 "with format '%s'", backing_file, backing_format);
2277 goto out;
2278 }
2279 }
2280
2281 /* And if we're supposed to preallocate metadata, do that now */
2282 if (prealloc != PREALLOC_MODE_OFF) {
2283 BDRVQcow2State *s = blk_bs(blk)->opaque;
2284 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
2285 ret = preallocate(blk_bs(blk));
2286 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
2287 if (ret < 0) {
2288 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not preallocate metadata");
2289 goto out;
2290 }
2291 }
2292
2293 blk_unref(blk);
2294 blk = NULL;
2295
2296 /* Reopen the image without BDRV_O_NO_FLUSH to flush it before returning */
2297 options = qdict_new();
2298 qdict_put(options, "driver", qstring_from_str("qcow2"));
2299 blk = blk_new_open(filename, NULL, options,
2300 BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_NO_BACKING, &local_err);
2301 if (blk == NULL) {
2302 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
2303 ret = -EIO;
2304 goto out;
2305 }
2306
2307 ret = 0;
2308 out:
2309 if (blk) {
2310 blk_unref(blk);
2311 }
2312 return ret;
2313 }
2314
2315 static int qcow2_create(const char *filename, QemuOpts *opts, Error **errp)
2316 {
2317 char *backing_file = NULL;
2318 char *backing_fmt = NULL;
2319 char *buf = NULL;
2320 uint64_t size = 0;
2321 int flags = 0;
2322 size_t cluster_size = DEFAULT_CLUSTER_SIZE;
2323 PreallocMode prealloc;
2324 int version = 3;
2325 uint64_t refcount_bits = 16;
2326 int refcount_order;
2327 Error *local_err = NULL;
2328 int ret;
2329
2330 /* Read out options */
2331 size = ROUND_UP(qemu_opt_get_size_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, 0),
2332 BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
2333 backing_file = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE);
2334 backing_fmt = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FMT);
2335 if (qemu_opt_get_bool_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT, false)) {
2336 flags |= BLOCK_FLAG_ENCRYPT;
2337 }
2338 cluster_size = qemu_opt_get_size_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_CLUSTER_SIZE,
2339 DEFAULT_CLUSTER_SIZE);
2340 buf = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_PREALLOC);
2341 prealloc = qapi_enum_parse(PreallocMode_lookup, buf,
2342 PREALLOC_MODE__MAX, PREALLOC_MODE_OFF,
2343 &local_err);
2344 if (local_err) {
2345 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
2346 ret = -EINVAL;
2347 goto finish;
2348 }
2349 g_free(buf);
2350 buf = qemu_opt_get_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_COMPAT_LEVEL);
2351 if (!buf) {
2352 /* keep the default */
2353 } else if (!strcmp(buf, "0.10")) {
2354 version = 2;
2355 } else if (!strcmp(buf, "1.1")) {
2356 version = 3;
2357 } else {
2358 error_setg(errp, "Invalid compatibility level: '%s'", buf);
2359 ret = -EINVAL;
2360 goto finish;
2361 }
2362
2363 if (qemu_opt_get_bool_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS, false)) {
2364 flags |= BLOCK_FLAG_LAZY_REFCOUNTS;
2365 }
2366
2367 if (backing_file && prealloc != PREALLOC_MODE_OFF) {
2368 error_setg(errp, "Backing file and preallocation cannot be used at "
2369 "the same time");
2370 ret = -EINVAL;
2371 goto finish;
2372 }
2373
2374 if (version < 3 && (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_LAZY_REFCOUNTS)) {
2375 error_setg(errp, "Lazy refcounts only supported with compatibility "
2376 "level 1.1 and above (use compat=1.1 or greater)");
2377 ret = -EINVAL;
2378 goto finish;
2379 }
2380
2381 refcount_bits = qemu_opt_get_number_del(opts, BLOCK_OPT_REFCOUNT_BITS,
2382 refcount_bits);
2383 if (refcount_bits > 64 || !is_power_of_2(refcount_bits)) {
2384 error_setg(errp, "Refcount width must be a power of two and may not "
2385 "exceed 64 bits");
2386 ret = -EINVAL;
2387 goto finish;
2388 }
2389
2390 if (version < 3 && refcount_bits != 16) {
2391 error_setg(errp, "Different refcount widths than 16 bits require "
2392 "compatibility level 1.1 or above (use compat=1.1 or "
2393 "greater)");
2394 ret = -EINVAL;
2395 goto finish;
2396 }
2397
2398 refcount_order = ctz32(refcount_bits);
2399
2400 ret = qcow2_create2(filename, size, backing_file, backing_fmt, flags,
2401 cluster_size, prealloc, opts, version, refcount_order,
2402 &local_err);
2403 if (local_err) {
2404 error_propagate(errp, local_err);
2405 }
2406
2407 finish:
2408 g_free(backing_file);
2409 g_free(backing_fmt);
2410 g_free(buf);
2411 return ret;
2412 }
2413
2414 static coroutine_fn int qcow2_co_write_zeroes(BlockDriverState *bs,
2415 int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors, BdrvRequestFlags flags)
2416 {
2417 int ret;
2418 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
2419
2420 /* Emulate misaligned zero writes */
2421 if (sector_num % s->cluster_sectors || nb_sectors % s->cluster_sectors) {
2422 return -ENOTSUP;
2423 }
2424
2425 /* Whatever is left can use real zero clusters */
2426 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
2427 ret = qcow2_zero_clusters(bs, sector_num << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
2428 nb_sectors);
2429 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
2430
2431 return ret;
2432 }
2433
2434 static coroutine_fn int qcow2_co_discard(BlockDriverState *bs,
2435 int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors)
2436 {
2437 int ret;
2438 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
2439
2440 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
2441 ret = qcow2_discard_clusters(bs, sector_num << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
2442 nb_sectors, QCOW2_DISCARD_REQUEST, false);
2443 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
2444 return ret;
2445 }
2446
2447 static int qcow2_truncate(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset)
2448 {
2449 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
2450 int64_t new_l1_size;
2451 int ret;
2452
2453 if (offset & 511) {
2454 error_report("The new size must be a multiple of 512");
2455 return -EINVAL;
2456 }
2457
2458 /* cannot proceed if image has snapshots */
2459 if (s->nb_snapshots) {
2460 error_report("Can't resize an image which has snapshots");
2461 return -ENOTSUP;
2462 }
2463
2464 /* shrinking is currently not supported */
2465 if (offset < bs->total_sectors * 512) {
2466 error_report("qcow2 doesn't support shrinking images yet");
2467 return -ENOTSUP;
2468 }
2469
2470 new_l1_size = size_to_l1(s, offset);
2471 ret = qcow2_grow_l1_table(bs, new_l1_size, true);
2472 if (ret < 0) {
2473 return ret;
2474 }
2475
2476 /* write updated header.size */
2477 offset = cpu_to_be64(offset);
2478 ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file->bs, offsetof(QCowHeader, size),
2479 &offset, sizeof(uint64_t));
2480 if (ret < 0) {
2481 return ret;
2482 }
2483
2484 s->l1_vm_state_index = new_l1_size;
2485 return 0;
2486 }
2487
2488 /* XXX: put compressed sectors first, then all the cluster aligned
2489 tables to avoid losing bytes in alignment */
2490 static int qcow2_write_compressed(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
2491 const uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
2492 {
2493 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
2494 z_stream strm;
2495 int ret, out_len;
2496 uint8_t *out_buf;
2497 uint64_t cluster_offset;
2498
2499 if (nb_sectors == 0) {
2500 /* align end of file to a sector boundary to ease reading with
2501 sector based I/Os */
2502 cluster_offset = bdrv_getlength(bs->file->bs);
2503 return bdrv_truncate(bs->file->bs, cluster_offset);
2504 }
2505
2506 if (nb_sectors != s->cluster_sectors) {
2507 ret = -EINVAL;
2508
2509 /* Zero-pad last write if image size is not cluster aligned */
2510 if (sector_num + nb_sectors == bs->total_sectors &&
2511 nb_sectors < s->cluster_sectors) {
2512 uint8_t *pad_buf = qemu_blockalign(bs, s->cluster_size);
2513 memset(pad_buf, 0, s->cluster_size);
2514 memcpy(pad_buf, buf, nb_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
2515 ret = qcow2_write_compressed(bs, sector_num,
2516 pad_buf, s->cluster_sectors);
2517 qemu_vfree(pad_buf);
2518 }
2519 return ret;
2520 }
2521
2522 out_buf = g_malloc(s->cluster_size + (s->cluster_size / 1000) + 128);
2523
2524 /* best compression, small window, no zlib header */
2525 memset(&strm, 0, sizeof(strm));
2526 ret = deflateInit2(&strm, Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION,
2527 Z_DEFLATED, -12,
2528 9, Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY);
2529 if (ret != 0) {
2530 ret = -EINVAL;
2531 goto fail;
2532 }
2533
2534 strm.avail_in = s->cluster_size;
2535 strm.next_in = (uint8_t *)buf;
2536 strm.avail_out = s->cluster_size;
2537 strm.next_out = out_buf;
2538
2539 ret = deflate(&strm, Z_FINISH);
2540 if (ret != Z_STREAM_END && ret != Z_OK) {
2541 deflateEnd(&strm);
2542 ret = -EINVAL;
2543 goto fail;
2544 }
2545 out_len = strm.next_out - out_buf;
2546
2547 deflateEnd(&strm);
2548
2549 if (ret != Z_STREAM_END || out_len >= s->cluster_size) {
2550 /* could not compress: write normal cluster */
2551 ret = bdrv_write(bs, sector_num, buf, s->cluster_sectors);
2552 if (ret < 0) {
2553 goto fail;
2554 }
2555 } else {
2556 cluster_offset = qcow2_alloc_compressed_cluster_offset(bs,
2557 sector_num << 9, out_len);
2558 if (!cluster_offset) {
2559 ret = -EIO;
2560 goto fail;
2561 }
2562 cluster_offset &= s->cluster_offset_mask;
2563
2564 ret = qcow2_pre_write_overlap_check(bs, 0, cluster_offset, out_len);
2565 if (ret < 0) {
2566 goto fail;
2567 }
2568
2569 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_WRITE_COMPRESSED);
2570 ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file->bs, cluster_offset, out_buf, out_len);
2571 if (ret < 0) {
2572 goto fail;
2573 }
2574 }
2575
2576 ret = 0;
2577 fail:
2578 g_free(out_buf);
2579 return ret;
2580 }
2581
2582 static int make_completely_empty(BlockDriverState *bs)
2583 {
2584 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
2585 int ret, l1_clusters;
2586 int64_t offset;
2587 uint64_t *new_reftable = NULL;
2588 uint64_t rt_entry, l1_size2;
2589 struct {
2590 uint64_t l1_offset;
2591 uint64_t reftable_offset;
2592 uint32_t reftable_clusters;
2593 } QEMU_PACKED l1_ofs_rt_ofs_cls;
2594
2595 ret = qcow2_cache_empty(bs, s->l2_table_cache);
2596 if (ret < 0) {
2597 goto fail;
2598 }
2599
2600 ret = qcow2_cache_empty(bs, s->refcount_block_cache);
2601 if (ret < 0) {
2602 goto fail;
2603 }
2604
2605 /* Refcounts will be broken utterly */
2606 ret = qcow2_mark_dirty(bs);
2607 if (ret < 0) {
2608 goto fail;
2609 }
2610
2611 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_L1_UPDATE);
2612
2613 l1_clusters = DIV_ROUND_UP(s->l1_size, s->cluster_size / sizeof(uint64_t));
2614 l1_size2 = (uint64_t)s->l1_size * sizeof(uint64_t);
2615
2616 /* After this call, neither the in-memory nor the on-disk refcount
2617 * information accurately describe the actual references */
2618
2619 ret = bdrv_write_zeroes(bs->file->bs, s->l1_table_offset / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
2620 l1_clusters * s->cluster_sectors, 0);
2621 if (ret < 0) {
2622 goto fail_broken_refcounts;
2623 }
2624 memset(s->l1_table, 0, l1_size2);
2625
2626 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_EMPTY_IMAGE_PREPARE);
2627
2628 /* Overwrite enough clusters at the beginning of the sectors to place
2629 * the refcount table, a refcount block and the L1 table in; this may
2630 * overwrite parts of the existing refcount and L1 table, which is not
2631 * an issue because the dirty flag is set, complete data loss is in fact
2632 * desired and partial data loss is consequently fine as well */
2633 ret = bdrv_write_zeroes(bs->file->bs, s->cluster_size / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
2634 (2 + l1_clusters) * s->cluster_size /
2635 BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, 0);
2636 /* This call (even if it failed overall) may have overwritten on-disk
2637 * refcount structures; in that case, the in-memory refcount information
2638 * will probably differ from the on-disk information which makes the BDS
2639 * unusable */
2640 if (ret < 0) {
2641 goto fail_broken_refcounts;
2642 }
2643
2644 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_L1_UPDATE);
2645 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_REFTABLE_UPDATE);
2646
2647 /* "Create" an empty reftable (one cluster) directly after the image
2648 * header and an empty L1 table three clusters after the image header;
2649 * the cluster between those two will be used as the first refblock */
2650 cpu_to_be64w(&l1_ofs_rt_ofs_cls.l1_offset, 3 * s->cluster_size);
2651 cpu_to_be64w(&l1_ofs_rt_ofs_cls.reftable_offset, s->cluster_size);
2652 cpu_to_be32w(&l1_ofs_rt_ofs_cls.reftable_clusters, 1);
2653 ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file->bs, offsetof(QCowHeader, l1_table_offset),
2654 &l1_ofs_rt_ofs_cls, sizeof(l1_ofs_rt_ofs_cls));
2655 if (ret < 0) {
2656 goto fail_broken_refcounts;
2657 }
2658
2659 s->l1_table_offset = 3 * s->cluster_size;
2660
2661 new_reftable = g_try_new0(uint64_t, s->cluster_size / sizeof(uint64_t));
2662 if (!new_reftable) {
2663 ret = -ENOMEM;
2664 goto fail_broken_refcounts;
2665 }
2666
2667 s->refcount_table_offset = s->cluster_size;
2668 s->refcount_table_size = s->cluster_size / sizeof(uint64_t);
2669
2670 g_free(s->refcount_table);
2671 s->refcount_table = new_reftable;
2672 new_reftable = NULL;
2673
2674 /* Now the in-memory refcount information again corresponds to the on-disk
2675 * information (reftable is empty and no refblocks (the refblock cache is
2676 * empty)); however, this means some clusters (e.g. the image header) are
2677 * referenced, but not refcounted, but the normal qcow2 code assumes that
2678 * the in-memory information is always correct */
2679
2680 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_REFBLOCK_ALLOC);
2681
2682 /* Enter the first refblock into the reftable */
2683 rt_entry = cpu_to_be64(2 * s->cluster_size);
2684 ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file->bs, s->cluster_size,
2685 &rt_entry, sizeof(rt_entry));
2686 if (ret < 0) {
2687 goto fail_broken_refcounts;
2688 }
2689 s->refcount_table[0] = 2 * s->cluster_size;
2690
2691 s->free_cluster_index = 0;
2692 assert(3 + l1_clusters <= s->refcount_block_size);
2693 offset = qcow2_alloc_clusters(bs, 3 * s->cluster_size + l1_size2);
2694 if (offset < 0) {
2695 ret = offset;
2696 goto fail_broken_refcounts;
2697 } else if (offset > 0) {
2698 error_report("First cluster in emptied image is in use");
2699 abort();
2700 }
2701
2702 /* Now finally the in-memory information corresponds to the on-disk
2703 * structures and is correct */
2704 ret = qcow2_mark_clean(bs);
2705 if (ret < 0) {
2706 goto fail;
2707 }
2708
2709 ret = bdrv_truncate(bs->file->bs, (3 + l1_clusters) * s->cluster_size);
2710 if (ret < 0) {
2711 goto fail;
2712 }
2713
2714 return 0;
2715
2716 fail_broken_refcounts:
2717 /* The BDS is unusable at this point. If we wanted to make it usable, we
2718 * would have to call qcow2_refcount_close(), qcow2_refcount_init(),
2719 * qcow2_check_refcounts(), qcow2_refcount_close() and qcow2_refcount_init()
2720 * again. However, because the functions which could have caused this error
2721 * path to be taken are used by those functions as well, it's very likely
2722 * that that sequence will fail as well. Therefore, just eject the BDS. */
2723 bs->drv = NULL;
2724
2725 fail:
2726 g_free(new_reftable);
2727 return ret;
2728 }
2729
2730 static int qcow2_make_empty(BlockDriverState *bs)
2731 {
2732 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
2733 uint64_t start_sector;
2734 int sector_step = INT_MAX / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
2735 int l1_clusters, ret = 0;
2736
2737 l1_clusters = DIV_ROUND_UP(s->l1_size, s->cluster_size / sizeof(uint64_t));
2738
2739 if (s->qcow_version >= 3 && !s->snapshots &&
2740 3 + l1_clusters <= s->refcount_block_size) {
2741 /* The following function only works for qcow2 v3 images (it requires
2742 * the dirty flag) and only as long as there are no snapshots (because
2743 * it completely empties the image). Furthermore, the L1 table and three
2744 * additional clusters (image header, refcount table, one refcount
2745 * block) have to fit inside one refcount block. */
2746 return make_completely_empty(bs);
2747 }
2748
2749 /* This fallback code simply discards every active cluster; this is slow,
2750 * but works in all cases */
2751 for (start_sector = 0; start_sector < bs->total_sectors;
2752 start_sector += sector_step)
2753 {
2754 /* As this function is generally used after committing an external
2755 * snapshot, QCOW2_DISCARD_SNAPSHOT seems appropriate. Also, the
2756 * default action for this kind of discard is to pass the discard,
2757 * which will ideally result in an actually smaller image file, as
2758 * is probably desired. */
2759 ret = qcow2_discard_clusters(bs, start_sector * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
2760 MIN(sector_step,
2761 bs->total_sectors - start_sector),
2762 QCOW2_DISCARD_SNAPSHOT, true);
2763 if (ret < 0) {
2764 break;
2765 }
2766 }
2767
2768 return ret;
2769 }
2770
2771 static coroutine_fn int qcow2_co_flush_to_os(BlockDriverState *bs)
2772 {
2773 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
2774 int ret;
2775
2776 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
2777 ret = qcow2_cache_flush(bs, s->l2_table_cache);
2778 if (ret < 0) {
2779 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
2780 return ret;
2781 }
2782
2783 if (qcow2_need_accurate_refcounts(s)) {
2784 ret = qcow2_cache_flush(bs, s->refcount_block_cache);
2785 if (ret < 0) {
2786 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
2787 return ret;
2788 }
2789 }
2790 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
2791
2792 return 0;
2793 }
2794
2795 static int qcow2_get_info(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockDriverInfo *bdi)
2796 {
2797 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
2798 bdi->unallocated_blocks_are_zero = true;
2799 bdi->can_write_zeroes_with_unmap = (s->qcow_version >= 3);
2800 bdi->cluster_size = s->cluster_size;
2801 bdi->vm_state_offset = qcow2_vm_state_offset(s);
2802 return 0;
2803 }
2804
2805 static ImageInfoSpecific *qcow2_get_specific_info(BlockDriverState *bs)
2806 {
2807 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
2808 ImageInfoSpecific *spec_info = g_new(ImageInfoSpecific, 1);
2809
2810 *spec_info = (ImageInfoSpecific){
2811 .type = IMAGE_INFO_SPECIFIC_KIND_QCOW2,
2812 .u.qcow2.data = g_new(ImageInfoSpecificQCow2, 1),
2813 };
2814 if (s->qcow_version == 2) {
2815 *spec_info->u.qcow2.data = (ImageInfoSpecificQCow2){
2816 .compat = g_strdup("0.10"),
2817 .refcount_bits = s->refcount_bits,
2818 };
2819 } else if (s->qcow_version == 3) {
2820 *spec_info->u.qcow2.data = (ImageInfoSpecificQCow2){
2821 .compat = g_strdup("1.1"),
2822 .lazy_refcounts = s->compatible_features &
2823 QCOW2_COMPAT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS,
2824 .has_lazy_refcounts = true,
2825 .corrupt = s->incompatible_features &
2826 QCOW2_INCOMPAT_CORRUPT,
2827 .has_corrupt = true,
2828 .refcount_bits = s->refcount_bits,
2829 };
2830 } else {
2831 /* if this assertion fails, this probably means a new version was
2832 * added without having it covered here */
2833 assert(false);
2834 }
2835
2836 return spec_info;
2837 }
2838
2839 #if 0
2840 static void dump_refcounts(BlockDriverState *bs)
2841 {
2842 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
2843 int64_t nb_clusters, k, k1, size;
2844 int refcount;
2845
2846 size = bdrv_getlength(bs->file->bs);
2847 nb_clusters = size_to_clusters(s, size);
2848 for(k = 0; k < nb_clusters;) {
2849 k1 = k;
2850 refcount = get_refcount(bs, k);
2851 k++;
2852 while (k < nb_clusters && get_refcount(bs, k) == refcount)
2853 k++;
2854 printf("%" PRId64 ": refcount=%d nb=%" PRId64 "\n", k, refcount,
2855 k - k1);
2856 }
2857 }
2858 #endif
2859
2860 static int qcow2_save_vmstate(BlockDriverState *bs, QEMUIOVector *qiov,
2861 int64_t pos)
2862 {
2863 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
2864 int64_t total_sectors = bs->total_sectors;
2865 bool zero_beyond_eof = bs->zero_beyond_eof;
2866 int ret;
2867
2868 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_VMSTATE_SAVE);
2869 bs->zero_beyond_eof = false;
2870 ret = bdrv_pwritev(bs, qcow2_vm_state_offset(s) + pos, qiov);
2871 bs->zero_beyond_eof = zero_beyond_eof;
2872
2873 /* bdrv_co_do_writev will have increased the total_sectors value to include
2874 * the VM state - the VM state is however not an actual part of the block
2875 * device, therefore, we need to restore the old value. */
2876 bs->total_sectors = total_sectors;
2877
2878 return ret;
2879 }
2880
2881 static int qcow2_load_vmstate(BlockDriverState *bs, uint8_t *buf,
2882 int64_t pos, int size)
2883 {
2884 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
2885 bool zero_beyond_eof = bs->zero_beyond_eof;
2886 int ret;
2887
2888 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_VMSTATE_LOAD);
2889 bs->zero_beyond_eof = false;
2890 ret = bdrv_pread(bs, qcow2_vm_state_offset(s) + pos, buf, size);
2891 bs->zero_beyond_eof = zero_beyond_eof;
2892
2893 return ret;
2894 }
2895
2896 /*
2897 * Downgrades an image's version. To achieve this, any incompatible features
2898 * have to be removed.
2899 */
2900 static int qcow2_downgrade(BlockDriverState *bs, int target_version,
2901 BlockDriverAmendStatusCB *status_cb, void *cb_opaque)
2902 {
2903 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
2904 int current_version = s->qcow_version;
2905 int ret;
2906
2907 if (target_version == current_version) {
2908 return 0;
2909 } else if (target_version > current_version) {
2910 return -EINVAL;
2911 } else if (target_version != 2) {
2912 return -EINVAL;
2913 }
2914
2915 if (s->refcount_order != 4) {
2916 error_report("compat=0.10 requires refcount_bits=16");
2917 return -ENOTSUP;
2918 }
2919
2920 /* clear incompatible features */
2921 if (s->incompatible_features & QCOW2_INCOMPAT_DIRTY) {
2922 ret = qcow2_mark_clean(bs);
2923 if (ret < 0) {
2924 return ret;
2925 }
2926 }
2927
2928 /* with QCOW2_INCOMPAT_CORRUPT, it is pretty much impossible to get here in
2929 * the first place; if that happens nonetheless, returning -ENOTSUP is the
2930 * best thing to do anyway */
2931
2932 if (s->incompatible_features) {
2933 return -ENOTSUP;
2934 }
2935
2936 /* since we can ignore compatible features, we can set them to 0 as well */
2937 s->compatible_features = 0;
2938 /* if lazy refcounts have been used, they have already been fixed through
2939 * clearing the dirty flag */
2940
2941 /* clearing autoclear features is trivial */
2942 s->autoclear_features = 0;
2943
2944 ret = qcow2_expand_zero_clusters(bs, status_cb, cb_opaque);
2945 if (ret < 0) {
2946 return ret;
2947 }
2948
2949 s->qcow_version = target_version;
2950 ret = qcow2_update_header(bs);
2951 if (ret < 0) {
2952 s->qcow_version = current_version;
2953 return ret;
2954 }
2955 return 0;
2956 }
2957
2958 typedef enum Qcow2AmendOperation {
2959 /* This is the value Qcow2AmendHelperCBInfo::last_operation will be
2960 * statically initialized to so that the helper CB can discern the first
2961 * invocation from an operation change */
2962 QCOW2_NO_OPERATION = 0,
2963
2964 QCOW2_CHANGING_REFCOUNT_ORDER,
2965 QCOW2_DOWNGRADING,
2966 } Qcow2AmendOperation;
2967
2968 typedef struct Qcow2AmendHelperCBInfo {
2969 /* The code coordinating the amend operations should only modify
2970 * these four fields; the rest will be managed by the CB */
2971 BlockDriverAmendStatusCB *original_status_cb;
2972 void *original_cb_opaque;
2973
2974 Qcow2AmendOperation current_operation;
2975
2976 /* Total number of operations to perform (only set once) */
2977 int total_operations;
2978
2979 /* The following fields are managed by the CB */
2980
2981 /* Number of operations completed */
2982 int operations_completed;
2983
2984 /* Cumulative offset of all completed operations */
2985 int64_t offset_completed;
2986
2987 Qcow2AmendOperation last_operation;
2988 int64_t last_work_size;
2989 } Qcow2AmendHelperCBInfo;
2990
2991 static void qcow2_amend_helper_cb(BlockDriverState *bs,
2992 int64_t operation_offset,
2993 int64_t operation_work_size, void *opaque)
2994 {
2995 Qcow2AmendHelperCBInfo *info = opaque;
2996 int64_t current_work_size;
2997 int64_t projected_work_size;
2998
2999 if (info->current_operation != info->last_operation) {
3000 if (info->last_operation != QCOW2_NO_OPERATION) {
3001 info->offset_completed += info->last_work_size;
3002 info->operations_completed++;
3003 }
3004
3005 info->last_operation = info->current_operation;
3006 }
3007
3008 assert(info->total_operations > 0);
3009 assert(info->operations_completed < info->total_operations);
3010
3011 info->last_work_size = operation_work_size;
3012
3013 current_work_size = info->offset_completed + operation_work_size;
3014
3015 /* current_work_size is the total work size for (operations_completed + 1)
3016 * operations (which includes this one), so multiply it by the number of
3017 * operations not covered and divide it by the number of operations
3018 * covered to get a projection for the operations not covered */
3019 projected_work_size = current_work_size * (info->total_operations -
3020 info->operations_completed - 1)
3021 / (info->operations_completed + 1);
3022
3023 info->original_status_cb(bs, info->offset_completed + operation_offset,
3024 current_work_size + projected_work_size,
3025 info->original_cb_opaque);
3026 }
3027
3028 static int qcow2_amend_options(BlockDriverState *bs, QemuOpts *opts,
3029 BlockDriverAmendStatusCB *status_cb,
3030 void *cb_opaque)
3031 {
3032 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
3033 int old_version = s->qcow_version, new_version = old_version;
3034 uint64_t new_size = 0;
3035 const char *backing_file = NULL, *backing_format = NULL;
3036 bool lazy_refcounts = s->use_lazy_refcounts;
3037 const char *compat = NULL;
3038 uint64_t cluster_size = s->cluster_size;
3039 bool encrypt;
3040 int refcount_bits = s->refcount_bits;
3041 int ret;
3042 QemuOptDesc *desc = opts->list->desc;
3043 Qcow2AmendHelperCBInfo helper_cb_info;
3044
3045 while (desc && desc->name) {
3046 if (!qemu_opt_find(opts, desc->name)) {
3047 /* only change explicitly defined options */
3048 desc++;
3049 continue;
3050 }
3051
3052 if (!strcmp(desc->name, BLOCK_OPT_COMPAT_LEVEL)) {
3053 compat = qemu_opt_get(opts, BLOCK_OPT_COMPAT_LEVEL);
3054 if (!compat) {
3055 /* preserve default */
3056 } else if (!strcmp(compat, "0.10")) {
3057 new_version = 2;
3058 } else if (!strcmp(compat, "1.1")) {
3059 new_version = 3;
3060 } else {
3061 error_report("Unknown compatibility level %s", compat);
3062 return -EINVAL;
3063 }
3064 } else if (!strcmp(desc->name, BLOCK_OPT_PREALLOC)) {
3065 error_report("Cannot change preallocation mode");
3066 return -ENOTSUP;
3067 } else if (!strcmp(desc->name, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE)) {
3068 new_size = qemu_opt_get_size(opts, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE, 0);
3069 } else if (!strcmp(desc->name, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE)) {
3070 backing_file = qemu_opt_get(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE);
3071 } else if (!strcmp(desc->name, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FMT)) {
3072 backing_format = qemu_opt_get(opts, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FMT);
3073 } else if (!strcmp(desc->name, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT)) {
3074 encrypt = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT,
3075 !!s->cipher);
3076
3077 if (encrypt != !!s->cipher) {
3078 error_report("Changing the encryption flag is not supported");
3079 return -ENOTSUP;
3080 }
3081 } else if (!strcmp(desc->name, BLOCK_OPT_CLUSTER_SIZE)) {
3082 cluster_size = qemu_opt_get_size(opts, BLOCK_OPT_CLUSTER_SIZE,
3083 cluster_size);
3084 if (cluster_size != s->cluster_size) {
3085 error_report("Changing the cluster size is not supported");
3086 return -ENOTSUP;
3087 }
3088 } else if (!strcmp(desc->name, BLOCK_OPT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS)) {
3089 lazy_refcounts = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, BLOCK_OPT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS,
3090 lazy_refcounts);
3091 } else if (!strcmp(desc->name, BLOCK_OPT_REFCOUNT_BITS)) {
3092 refcount_bits = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, BLOCK_OPT_REFCOUNT_BITS,
3093 refcount_bits);
3094
3095 if (refcount_bits <= 0 || refcount_bits > 64 ||
3096 !is_power_of_2(refcount_bits))
3097 {
3098 error_report("Refcount width must be a power of two and may "
3099 "not exceed 64 bits");
3100 return -EINVAL;
3101 }
3102 } else {
3103 /* if this point is reached, this probably means a new option was
3104 * added without having it covered here */
3105 abort();
3106 }
3107
3108 desc++;
3109 }
3110
3111 helper_cb_info = (Qcow2AmendHelperCBInfo){
3112 .original_status_cb = status_cb,
3113 .original_cb_opaque = cb_opaque,
3114 .total_operations = (new_version < old_version)
3115 + (s->refcount_bits != refcount_bits)
3116 };
3117
3118 /* Upgrade first (some features may require compat=1.1) */
3119 if (new_version > old_version) {
3120 s->qcow_version = new_version;
3121 ret = qcow2_update_header(bs);
3122 if (ret < 0) {
3123 s->qcow_version = old_version;
3124 return ret;
3125 }
3126 }
3127
3128 if (s->refcount_bits != refcount_bits) {
3129 int refcount_order = ctz32(refcount_bits);
3130 Error *local_error = NULL;
3131
3132 if (new_version < 3 && refcount_bits != 16) {
3133 error_report("Different refcount widths than 16 bits require "
3134 "compatibility level 1.1 or above (use compat=1.1 or "
3135 "greater)");
3136 return -EINVAL;
3137 }
3138
3139 helper_cb_info.current_operation = QCOW2_CHANGING_REFCOUNT_ORDER;
3140 ret = qcow2_change_refcount_order(bs, refcount_order,
3141 &qcow2_amend_helper_cb,
3142 &helper_cb_info, &local_error);
3143 if (ret < 0) {
3144 error_report_err(local_error);
3145 return ret;
3146 }
3147 }
3148
3149 if (backing_file || backing_format) {
3150 ret = qcow2_change_backing_file(bs,
3151 backing_file ?: s->image_backing_file,
3152 backing_format ?: s->image_backing_format);
3153 if (ret < 0) {
3154 return ret;
3155 }
3156 }
3157
3158 if (s->use_lazy_refcounts != lazy_refcounts) {
3159 if (lazy_refcounts) {
3160 if (new_version < 3) {
3161 error_report("Lazy refcounts only supported with compatibility "
3162 "level 1.1 and above (use compat=1.1 or greater)");
3163 return -EINVAL;
3164 }
3165 s->compatible_features |= QCOW2_COMPAT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS;
3166 ret = qcow2_update_header(bs);
3167 if (ret < 0) {
3168 s->compatible_features &= ~QCOW2_COMPAT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS;
3169 return ret;
3170 }
3171 s->use_lazy_refcounts = true;
3172 } else {
3173 /* make image clean first */
3174 ret = qcow2_mark_clean(bs);
3175 if (ret < 0) {
3176 return ret;
3177 }
3178 /* now disallow lazy refcounts */
3179 s->compatible_features &= ~QCOW2_COMPAT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS;
3180 ret = qcow2_update_header(bs);
3181 if (ret < 0) {
3182 s->compatible_features |= QCOW2_COMPAT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS;
3183 return ret;
3184 }
3185 s->use_lazy_refcounts = false;
3186 }
3187 }
3188
3189 if (new_size) {
3190 ret = bdrv_truncate(bs, new_size);
3191 if (ret < 0) {
3192 return ret;
3193 }
3194 }
3195
3196 /* Downgrade last (so unsupported features can be removed before) */
3197 if (new_version < old_version) {
3198 helper_cb_info.current_operation = QCOW2_DOWNGRADING;
3199 ret = qcow2_downgrade(bs, new_version, &qcow2_amend_helper_cb,
3200 &helper_cb_info);
3201 if (ret < 0) {
3202 return ret;
3203 }
3204 }
3205
3206 return 0;
3207 }
3208
3209 /*
3210 * If offset or size are negative, respectively, they will not be included in
3211 * the BLOCK_IMAGE_CORRUPTED event emitted.
3212 * fatal will be ignored for read-only BDS; corruptions found there will always
3213 * be considered non-fatal.
3214 */
3215 void qcow2_signal_corruption(BlockDriverState *bs, bool fatal, int64_t offset,
3216 int64_t size, const char *message_format, ...)
3217 {
3218 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
3219 const char *node_name;
3220 char *message;
3221 va_list ap;
3222
3223 fatal = fatal && !bs->read_only;
3224
3225 if (s->signaled_corruption &&
3226 (!fatal || (s->incompatible_features & QCOW2_INCOMPAT_CORRUPT)))
3227 {
3228 return;
3229 }
3230
3231 va_start(ap, message_format);
3232 message = g_strdup_vprintf(message_format, ap);
3233 va_end(ap);
3234
3235 if (fatal) {
3236 fprintf(stderr, "qcow2: Marking image as corrupt: %s; further "
3237 "corruption events will be suppressed\n", message);
3238 } else {
3239 fprintf(stderr, "qcow2: Image is corrupt: %s; further non-fatal "
3240 "corruption events will be suppressed\n", message);
3241 }
3242
3243 node_name = bdrv_get_node_name(bs);
3244 qapi_event_send_block_image_corrupted(bdrv_get_device_name(bs),
3245 *node_name != '\0', node_name,
3246 message, offset >= 0, offset,
3247 size >= 0, size,
3248 fatal, &error_abort);
3249 g_free(message);
3250
3251 if (fatal) {
3252 qcow2_mark_corrupt(bs);
3253 bs->drv = NULL; /* make BDS unusable */
3254 }
3255
3256 s->signaled_corruption = true;
3257 }
3258
3259 static QemuOptsList qcow2_create_opts = {
3260 .name = "qcow2-create-opts",
3261 .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qcow2_create_opts.head),
3262 .desc = {
3263 {
3264 .name = BLOCK_OPT_SIZE,
3265 .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
3266 .help = "Virtual disk size"
3267 },
3268 {
3269 .name = BLOCK_OPT_COMPAT_LEVEL,
3270 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
3271 .help = "Compatibility level (0.10 or 1.1)"
3272 },
3273 {
3274 .name = BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE,
3275 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
3276 .help = "File name of a base image"
3277 },
3278 {
3279 .name = BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FMT,
3280 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
3281 .help = "Image format of the base image"
3282 },
3283 {
3284 .name = BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT,
3285 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
3286 .help = "Encrypt the image",
3287 .def_value_str = "off"
3288 },
3289 {
3290 .name = BLOCK_OPT_CLUSTER_SIZE,
3291 .type = QEMU_OPT_SIZE,
3292 .help = "qcow2 cluster size",
3293 .def_value_str = stringify(DEFAULT_CLUSTER_SIZE)
3294 },
3295 {
3296 .name = BLOCK_OPT_PREALLOC,
3297 .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING,
3298 .help = "Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata, "
3299 "falloc, full)"
3300 },
3301 {
3302 .name = BLOCK_OPT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS,
3303 .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL,
3304 .help = "Postpone refcount updates",
3305 .def_value_str = "off"
3306 },
3307 {
3308 .name = BLOCK_OPT_REFCOUNT_BITS,
3309 .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER,
3310 .help = "Width of a reference count entry in bits",
3311 .def_value_str = "16"
3312 },
3313 { /* end of list */ }
3314 }
3315 };
3316
3317 BlockDriver bdrv_qcow2 = {
3318 .format_name = "qcow2",
3319 .instance_size = sizeof(BDRVQcow2State),
3320 .bdrv_probe = qcow2_probe,
3321 .bdrv_open = qcow2_open,
3322 .bdrv_close = qcow2_close,
3323 .bdrv_reopen_prepare = qcow2_reopen_prepare,
3324 .bdrv_reopen_commit = qcow2_reopen_commit,
3325 .bdrv_reopen_abort = qcow2_reopen_abort,
3326 .bdrv_join_options = qcow2_join_options,
3327 .bdrv_create = qcow2_create,
3328 .bdrv_has_zero_init = bdrv_has_zero_init_1,
3329 .bdrv_co_get_block_status = qcow2_co_get_block_status,
3330 .bdrv_set_key = qcow2_set_key,
3331
3332 .bdrv_co_readv = qcow2_co_readv,
3333 .bdrv_co_writev = qcow2_co_writev,
3334 .bdrv_co_flush_to_os = qcow2_co_flush_to_os,
3335
3336 .bdrv_co_write_zeroes = qcow2_co_write_zeroes,
3337 .bdrv_co_discard = qcow2_co_discard,
3338 .bdrv_truncate = qcow2_truncate,
3339 .bdrv_write_compressed = qcow2_write_compressed,
3340 .bdrv_make_empty = qcow2_make_empty,
3341
3342 .bdrv_snapshot_create = qcow2_snapshot_create,
3343 .bdrv_snapshot_goto = qcow2_snapshot_goto,
3344 .bdrv_snapshot_delete = qcow2_snapshot_delete,
3345 .bdrv_snapshot_list = qcow2_snapshot_list,
3346 .bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp = qcow2_snapshot_load_tmp,
3347 .bdrv_get_info = qcow2_get_info,
3348 .bdrv_get_specific_info = qcow2_get_specific_info,
3349
3350 .bdrv_save_vmstate = qcow2_save_vmstate,
3351 .bdrv_load_vmstate = qcow2_load_vmstate,
3352
3353 .supports_backing = true,
3354 .bdrv_change_backing_file = qcow2_change_backing_file,
3355
3356 .bdrv_refresh_limits = qcow2_refresh_limits,
3357 .bdrv_invalidate_cache = qcow2_invalidate_cache,
3358 .bdrv_inactivate = qcow2_inactivate,
3359
3360 .create_opts = &qcow2_create_opts,
3361 .bdrv_check = qcow2_check,
3362 .bdrv_amend_options = qcow2_amend_options,
3363
3364 .bdrv_detach_aio_context = qcow2_detach_aio_context,
3365 .bdrv_attach_aio_context = qcow2_attach_aio_context,
3366 };
3367
3368 static void bdrv_qcow2_init(void)
3369 {
3370 bdrv_register(&bdrv_qcow2);
3371 }
3372
3373 block_init(bdrv_qcow2_init);
CRIS target port of Qemu