2 * QEMU PC System Firmware
4 * Copyright (c) 2003-2004 Fabrice Bellard
5 * Copyright (c) 2011-2012 Intel Corporation
7 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
8 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
9 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
10 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
11 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
12 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
14 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
15 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
17 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
18 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
19 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
20 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
21 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
22 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
26 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
27 #include "qemu-common.h"
28 #include "qapi/error.h"
29 #include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
30 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
31 #include "qemu/option.h"
32 #include "qemu/units.h"
33 #include "hw/sysbus.h"
35 #include "hw/i386/pc.h"
36 #include "hw/boards.h"
37 #include "hw/loader.h"
38 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
39 #include "hw/block/flash.h"
40 #include "sysemu/kvm.h"
42 #define BIOS_FILENAME "bios.bin"
45 * We don't have a theoretically justifiable exact lower bound on the base
46 * address of any flash mapping. In practice, the IO-APIC MMIO range is
47 * [0xFEE00000..0xFEE01000] -- see IO_APIC_DEFAULT_ADDRESS --, leaving free
48 * only 18MB-4KB below 4G. For now, restrict the cumulative mapping to 8MB in
51 #define FLASH_SIZE_LIMIT (8 * MiB)
53 #define FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE 4096
55 static void pc_isa_bios_init(MemoryRegion
*rom_memory
,
56 MemoryRegion
*flash_mem
,
60 MemoryRegion
*isa_bios
;
62 void *flash_ptr
, *isa_bios_ptr
;
64 flash_size
= memory_region_size(flash_mem
);
66 /* map the last 128KB of the BIOS in ISA space */
67 isa_bios_size
= MIN(flash_size
, 128 * KiB
);
68 isa_bios
= g_malloc(sizeof(*isa_bios
));
69 memory_region_init_ram(isa_bios
, NULL
, "isa-bios", isa_bios_size
,
71 memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(rom_memory
,
72 0x100000 - isa_bios_size
,
76 /* copy ISA rom image from top of flash memory */
77 flash_ptr
= memory_region_get_ram_ptr(flash_mem
);
78 isa_bios_ptr
= memory_region_get_ram_ptr(isa_bios
);
80 ((uint8_t*)flash_ptr
) + (flash_size
- isa_bios_size
),
83 memory_region_set_readonly(isa_bios
, true);
86 static PFlashCFI01
*pc_pflash_create(PCMachineState
*pcms
,
88 const char *alias_prop_name
)
90 DeviceState
*dev
= qdev_create(NULL
, TYPE_PFLASH_CFI01
);
92 qdev_prop_set_uint64(dev
, "sector-length", FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE
);
93 qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev
, "width", 1);
94 qdev_prop_set_string(dev
, "name", name
);
95 object_property_add_child(OBJECT(pcms
), name
, OBJECT(dev
),
97 object_property_add_alias(OBJECT(pcms
), alias_prop_name
,
98 OBJECT(dev
), "drive", &error_abort
);
99 return PFLASH_CFI01(dev
);
102 void pc_system_flash_create(PCMachineState
*pcms
)
104 PCMachineClass
*pcmc
= PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms
);
106 if (pcmc
->pci_enabled
) {
107 pcms
->flash
[0] = pc_pflash_create(pcms
, "system.flash0",
109 pcms
->flash
[1] = pc_pflash_create(pcms
, "system.flash1",
114 static void pc_system_flash_cleanup_unused(PCMachineState
*pcms
)
120 assert(PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms
)->pci_enabled
);
122 for (i
= 0; i
< ARRAY_SIZE(pcms
->flash
); i
++) {
123 dev_obj
= OBJECT(pcms
->flash
[i
]);
124 if (!object_property_get_bool(dev_obj
, "realized", &error_abort
)) {
125 prop_name
= g_strdup_printf("pflash%d", i
);
126 object_property_del(OBJECT(pcms
), prop_name
, &error_abort
);
128 object_unparent(dev_obj
);
129 pcms
->flash
[i
] = NULL
;
135 * Map the pcms->flash[] from 4GiB downward, and realize.
136 * Map them in descending order, i.e. pcms->flash[0] at the top,
138 * Stop at the first pcms->flash[0] lacking a block backend.
139 * Set each flash's size from its block backend. Fatal error if the
140 * size isn't a non-zero multiple of 4KiB, or the total size exceeds
143 * If pcms->flash[0] has a block backend, its memory is passed to
144 * pc_isa_bios_init(). Merging several flash devices for isa-bios is
147 static void pc_system_flash_map(PCMachineState
*pcms
,
148 MemoryRegion
*rom_memory
)
150 hwaddr total_size
= 0;
154 PFlashCFI01
*system_flash
;
155 MemoryRegion
*flash_mem
;
159 assert(PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms
)->pci_enabled
);
161 for (i
= 0; i
< ARRAY_SIZE(pcms
->flash
); i
++) {
162 system_flash
= pcms
->flash
[i
];
163 blk
= pflash_cfi01_get_blk(system_flash
);
167 size
= blk_getlength(blk
);
169 error_report("can't get size of block device %s: %s",
170 blk_name(blk
), strerror(-size
));
173 if (size
== 0 || size
% FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE
!= 0) {
174 error_report("system firmware block device %s has invalid size "
176 blk_name(blk
), size
);
177 info_report("its size must be a non-zero multiple of 0x%x",
181 if ((hwaddr
)size
!= size
182 || total_size
> HWADDR_MAX
- size
183 || total_size
+ size
> FLASH_SIZE_LIMIT
) {
184 error_report("combined size of system firmware exceeds "
191 qdev_prop_set_uint32(DEVICE(system_flash
), "num-blocks",
192 size
/ FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE
);
193 qdev_init_nofail(DEVICE(system_flash
));
194 sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(system_flash
), 0,
195 0x100000000ULL
- total_size
);
198 flash_mem
= pflash_cfi01_get_memory(system_flash
);
199 pc_isa_bios_init(rom_memory
, flash_mem
, size
);
201 /* Encrypt the pflash boot ROM */
202 if (kvm_memcrypt_enabled()) {
203 flash_ptr
= memory_region_get_ram_ptr(flash_mem
);
204 flash_size
= memory_region_size(flash_mem
);
205 ret
= kvm_memcrypt_encrypt_data(flash_ptr
, flash_size
);
207 error_report("failed to encrypt pflash rom");
215 static void old_pc_system_rom_init(MemoryRegion
*rom_memory
, bool isapc_ram_fw
)
218 MemoryRegion
*bios
, *isa_bios
;
219 int bios_size
, isa_bios_size
;
223 if (bios_name
== NULL
) {
224 bios_name
= BIOS_FILENAME
;
226 filename
= qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS
, bios_name
);
228 bios_size
= get_image_size(filename
);
232 if (bios_size
<= 0 ||
233 (bios_size
% 65536) != 0) {
236 bios
= g_malloc(sizeof(*bios
));
237 memory_region_init_ram(bios
, NULL
, "pc.bios", bios_size
, &error_fatal
);
239 memory_region_set_readonly(bios
, true);
241 ret
= rom_add_file_fixed(bios_name
, (uint32_t)(-bios_size
), -1);
244 fprintf(stderr
, "qemu: could not load PC BIOS '%s'\n", bios_name
);
249 /* map the last 128KB of the BIOS in ISA space */
250 isa_bios_size
= MIN(bios_size
, 128 * KiB
);
251 isa_bios
= g_malloc(sizeof(*isa_bios
));
252 memory_region_init_alias(isa_bios
, NULL
, "isa-bios", bios
,
253 bios_size
- isa_bios_size
, isa_bios_size
);
254 memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(rom_memory
,
255 0x100000 - isa_bios_size
,
259 memory_region_set_readonly(isa_bios
, true);
262 /* map all the bios at the top of memory */
263 memory_region_add_subregion(rom_memory
,
264 (uint32_t)(-bios_size
),
268 void pc_system_firmware_init(PCMachineState
*pcms
,
269 MemoryRegion
*rom_memory
)
271 PCMachineClass
*pcmc
= PC_MACHINE_GET_CLASS(pcms
);
273 BlockBackend
*pflash_blk
[ARRAY_SIZE(pcms
->flash
)];
275 if (!pcmc
->pci_enabled
) {
276 old_pc_system_rom_init(rom_memory
, true);
280 /* Map legacy -drive if=pflash to machine properties */
281 for (i
= 0; i
< ARRAY_SIZE(pcms
->flash
); i
++) {
282 pflash_cfi01_legacy_drive(pcms
->flash
[i
],
283 drive_get(IF_PFLASH
, 0, i
));
284 pflash_blk
[i
] = pflash_cfi01_get_blk(pcms
->flash
[i
]);
288 for (i
= 1; i
< ARRAY_SIZE(pcms
->flash
); i
++) {
289 if (pflash_blk
[i
] && !pflash_blk
[i
- 1]) {
290 error_report("pflash%d requires pflash%d", i
, i
- 1);
295 if (!pflash_blk
[0]) {
296 /* Machine property pflash0 not set, use ROM mode */
297 old_pc_system_rom_init(rom_memory
, false);
299 if (kvm_enabled() && !kvm_readonly_mem_enabled()) {
301 * Older KVM cannot execute from device memory. So, flash
302 * memory cannot be used unless the readonly memory kvm
303 * capability is present.
305 error_report("pflash with kvm requires KVM readonly memory support");
309 pc_system_flash_map(pcms
, rom_memory
);
312 pc_system_flash_cleanup_unused(pcms
);