1 @node Deprecated features
2 @appendix Deprecated features
4 In general features are intended to be supported indefinitely once
5 introduced into QEMU. In the event that a feature needs to be removed,
6 it will be listed in this appendix. The feature will remain functional
7 for 2 releases prior to actual removal. Deprecated features may also
8 generate warnings on the console when QEMU starts up, or if activated
9 via a monitor command, however, this is not a mandatory requirement.
11 Prior to the 2.10.0 release there was no official policy on how
12 long features would be deprecated prior to their removal, nor
13 any documented list of which features were deprecated. Thus
14 any features deprecated prior to 2.10.0 will be treated as if
15 they were first deprecated in the 2.10.0 release.
17 What follows is a list of all features currently marked as
20 @section System emulator command line arguments
22 @subsection -machine enforce-config-section=on|off (since 3.1)
24 The @option{enforce-config-section} parameter is replaced by the
25 @option{-global migration.send-configuration=@var{on|off}} option.
27 @subsection -no-kvm (since 1.3.0)
29 The ``-no-kvm'' argument is now a synonym for setting
30 ``-machine accel=tcg''.
32 @subsection -usbdevice (since 2.10.0)
34 The ``-usbdevice DEV'' argument is now a synonym for setting
35 the ``-device usb-DEV'' argument instead. The deprecated syntax
36 would automatically enable USB support on the machine type.
37 If using the new syntax, USB support must be explicitly
38 enabled via the ``-machine usb=on'' argument.
40 @subsection -drive file=json:@{...@{'driver':'file'@}@} (since 3.0)
42 The 'file' driver for drives is no longer appropriate for character or host
43 devices and will only accept regular files (S_IFREG). The correct driver
44 for these file types is 'host_cdrom' or 'host_device' as appropriate.
46 @subsection -net ...,name=@var{name} (since 3.1)
48 The @option{name} parameter of the @option{-net} option is a synonym
49 for the @option{id} parameter, which should now be used instead.
51 @subsection -smp (invalid topologies) (since 3.1)
53 CPU topology properties should describe whole machine topology including
56 However, historically it was possible to start QEMU with an incorrect topology
57 where @math{@var{n} <= @var{sockets} * @var{cores} * @var{threads} < @var{maxcpus}},
58 which could lead to an incorrect topology enumeration by the guest.
59 Support for invalid topologies will be removed, the user must ensure
60 topologies described with -smp include all possible cpus, i.e.
61 @math{@var{sockets} * @var{cores} * @var{threads} = @var{maxcpus}}.
63 @subsection -vnc acl (since 4.0.0)
65 The @code{acl} option to the @code{-vnc} argument has been replaced
66 by the @code{tls-authz} and @code{sasl-authz} options.
68 @section QEMU Machine Protocol (QMP) commands
70 @subsection block-dirty-bitmap-add "autoload" parameter (since 2.12.0)
72 "autoload" parameter is now ignored. All bitmaps are automatically loaded
75 @subsection query-cpus (since 2.12.0)
77 The ``query-cpus'' command is replaced by the ``query-cpus-fast'' command.
79 @subsection query-cpus-fast "arch" output member (since 3.0.0)
81 The ``arch'' output member of the ``query-cpus-fast'' command is
82 replaced by the ``target'' output member.
84 @subsection cpu-add (since 4.0)
86 Use ``device_add'' for hotplugging vCPUs instead of ``cpu-add''. See
87 documentation of ``query-hotpluggable-cpus'' for additional
90 @subsection query-events (since 4.0)
92 The ``query-events'' command has been superseded by the more powerful
93 and accurate ``query-qmp-schema'' command.
95 @section Human Monitor Protocol (HMP) commands
97 @subsection The hub_id parameter of 'hostfwd_add' / 'hostfwd_remove' (since 3.1)
99 The @option{[hub_id name]} parameter tuple of the 'hostfwd_add' and
100 'hostfwd_remove' HMP commands has been replaced by @option{netdev_id}.
102 @subsection cpu-add (since 4.0)
104 Use ``device_add'' for hotplugging vCPUs instead of ``cpu-add''. See
105 documentation of ``query-hotpluggable-cpus'' for additional details.
107 @subsection acl_show, acl_reset, acl_policy, acl_add, acl_remove (since 4.0.0)
109 The ``acl_show'', ``acl_reset'', ``acl_policy'', ``acl_add'', and
110 ``acl_remove'' commands are deprecated with no replacement. Authorization
111 for VNC should be performed using the pluggable QAuthZ objects.
113 @section System emulator devices
115 @subsection bluetooth (since 3.1)
117 The bluetooth subsystem is unmaintained since many years and likely bitrotten
118 quite a bit. It will be removed without replacement unless some users speaks
119 up at the @email{qemu-devel@@nongnu.org} mailing list with information about
122 @section System emulator machines
124 @subsection pc-0.12, pc-0.13, pc-0.14 and pc-0.15 (since 4.0)
126 These machine types are very old and likely can not be used for live migration
127 from old QEMU versions anymore. A newer machine type should be used instead.
129 @subsection prep (PowerPC) (since 3.1)
131 This machine type uses an unmaintained firmware, broken in lots of ways,
132 and unable to start post-2004 operating systems. 40p machine type should be
135 @section Device options
137 @subsection Block device options
139 @subsubsection "backing": "" (since 2.12.0)
141 In order to prevent QEMU from automatically opening an image's backing
142 chain, use ``"backing": null'' instead.
144 @subsubsection rbd keyvalue pair encoded filenames: "" (since 3.1.0)
146 Options for ``rbd'' should be specified according to its runtime options,
147 like other block drivers. Legacy parsing of keyvalue pair encoded
148 filenames is useful to open images with the old format for backing files;
149 These image files should be updated to use the current format.
151 Example of legacy encoding:
153 @code{json:@{"file.driver":"rbd", "file.filename":"rbd:rbd/name"@}}
155 The above, converted to the current supported format:
157 @code{json:@{"file.driver":"rbd", "file.pool":"rbd", "file.image":"name"@}}
159 @section Related binaries
161 @subsection qemu-nbd --partition (since 4.0.0)
163 The ``qemu-nbd --partition $digit'' code (also spelled @option{-P})
164 can only handle MBR partitions, and has never correctly handled
165 logical partitions beyond partition 5. If you know the offset and
166 length of the partition (perhaps by using @code{sfdisk} within the
167 guest), you can achieve the effect of exporting just that subset of
168 the disk by use of the @option{--image-opts} option with a raw
169 blockdev using the @code{offset} and @code{size} parameters layered on
170 top of any other existing blockdev. For example, if partition 1 is
171 100MiB long starting at 1MiB, the old command:
173 @code{qemu-nbd -t -P 1 -f qcow2 file.qcow2}
177 @code{qemu-nbd -t --image-opts driver=raw,offset=1M,size=100M,file.driver=qcow2,file.backing.driver=file,file.backing.filename=file.qcow2}
179 Alternatively, the @code{nbdkit} project provides a more powerful
180 partition filter on top of its nbd plugin, which can be used to select
181 an arbitrary MBR or GPT partition on top of any other full-image NBD
182 export. Using this to rewrite the above example results in:
184 @code{qemu-nbd -t -k /tmp/sock -f qcow2 file.qcow2 &}
185 @code{nbdkit -f --filter=partition nbd socket=/tmp/sock partition=1}
187 Note that if you are exposing the export via /dev/nbd0, it is easier
188 to just export the entire image and then mount only /dev/nbd0p1 than
189 it is to reinvoke @command{qemu-nbd -c /dev/nbd0} limited to just a