memory.h

   1 /*
   2  * Physical memory management API
   3  *
   4  * Copyright 2011 Red Hat, Inc. and/or its affiliates
   5  *
   6  * Authors:
   7  *  Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>
   8  *
   9  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2.  See
  10  * the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
  11  *
  12  */
  13
  14 #ifndef MEMORY_H
  15 #define MEMORY_H
  16
  17 #ifndef CONFIG_USER_ONLY
  18
  19 #include <stdint.h>
  20 #include <stdbool.h>
  21 #include "qemu-common.h"
  22 #include "cpu-common.h"
  23 #include "targphys.h"
  24 #include "qemu-queue.h"
  25 #include "iorange.h"
  26 #include "ioport.h"
  27
  28 typedef struct MemoryRegionOps MemoryRegionOps;
  29 typedef struct MemoryRegion MemoryRegion;
  30 typedef struct MemoryRegionPortio MemoryRegionPortio;
  31 typedef struct MemoryRegionMmio MemoryRegionMmio;
  32
  33 /* Must match *_DIRTY_FLAGS in cpu-all.h.  To be replaced with dynamic
  34  * registration.
  35  */
  36 #define DIRTY_MEMORY_VGA       0
  37 #define DIRTY_MEMORY_CODE      1
  38 #define DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION 3
  39
  40 struct MemoryRegionMmio {
  41     CPUReadMemoryFunc *read[3];
  42     CPUWriteMemoryFunc *write[3];
  43 };
  44
  45 /*
  46  * Memory region callbacks
  47  */
  48 struct MemoryRegionOps {
  49     /* Read from the memory region. @addr is relative to @mr; @size is
  50      * in bytes. */
  51     uint64_t (*read)(void *opaque,
  52                      target_phys_addr_t addr,
  53                      unsigned size);
  54     /* Write to the memory region. @addr is relative to @mr; @size is
  55      * in bytes. */
  56     void (*write)(void *opaque,
  57                   target_phys_addr_t addr,
  58                   uint64_t data,
  59                   unsigned size);
  60
  61     enum device_endian endianness;
  62     /* Guest-visible constraints: */
  63     struct {
  64         /* If nonzero, specify bounds on access sizes beyond which a machine
  65          * check is thrown.
  66          */
  67         unsigned min_access_size;
  68         unsigned max_access_size;
  69         /* If true, unaligned accesses are supported.  Otherwise unaligned
  70          * accesses throw machine checks.
  71          */
  72          bool unaligned;
  73     } valid;
  74     /* Internal implementation constraints: */
  75     struct {
  76         /* If nonzero, specifies the minimum size implemented.  Smaller sizes
  77          * will be rounded upwards and a partial result will be returned.
  78          */
  79         unsigned min_access_size;
  80         /* If nonzero, specifies the maximum size implemented.  Larger sizes
  81          * will be done as a series of accesses with smaller sizes.
  82          */
  83         unsigned max_access_size;
  84         /* If true, unaligned accesses are supported.  Otherwise all accesses
  85          * are converted to (possibly multiple) naturally aligned accesses.
  86          */
  87          bool unaligned;
  88     } impl;
  89
  90     /* If .read and .write are not present, old_portio may be used for
  91      * backwards compatibility with old portio registration
  92      */
  93     const MemoryRegionPortio *old_portio;
  94     /* If .read and .write are not present, old_mmio may be used for
  95      * backwards compatibility with old mmio registration
  96      */
  97     const MemoryRegionMmio old_mmio;
  98 };
  99
 100 typedef struct CoalescedMemoryRange CoalescedMemoryRange;
 101 typedef struct MemoryRegionIoeventfd MemoryRegionIoeventfd;
 102
 103 struct MemoryRegion {
 104     /* All fields are private - violators will be prosecuted */
 105     const MemoryRegionOps *ops;
 106     void *opaque;
 107     MemoryRegion *parent;
 108     uint64_t size;
 109     target_phys_addr_t addr;
 110     target_phys_addr_t offset;
 111     bool backend_registered;
 112     ram_addr_t ram_addr;
 113     IORange iorange;
 114     bool terminates;
 115     MemoryRegion *alias;
 116     target_phys_addr_t alias_offset;
 117     unsigned priority;
 118     bool may_overlap;
 119     QTAILQ_HEAD(subregions, MemoryRegion) subregions;
 120     QTAILQ_ENTRY(MemoryRegion) subregions_link;
 121     QTAILQ_HEAD(coalesced_ranges, CoalescedMemoryRange) coalesced;
 122     const char *name;
 123     uint8_t dirty_log_mask;
 124     unsigned ioeventfd_nb;
 125     MemoryRegionIoeventfd *ioeventfds;
 126 };
 127
 128 struct MemoryRegionPortio {
 129     uint32_t offset;
 130     uint32_t len;
 131     unsigned size;
 132     IOPortReadFunc *read;
 133     IOPortWriteFunc *write;
 134 };
 135
 136 #define PORTIO_END { }
 137
 138 /**
 139  * memory_region_init: Initialize a memory region
 140  *
 141  * The region typically acts as a container for other memory regions.  Us
 142  * memory_region_add_subregion() to add subregions.
 143  *
 144  * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized
 145  * @name: used for debugging; not visible to the user or ABI
 146  * @size: size of the region; any subregions beyond this size will be clipped
 147  */
 148 void memory_region_init(MemoryRegion *mr,
 149                         const char *name,
 150                         uint64_t size);
 151 /**
 152  * memory_region_init_io: Initialize an I/O memory region.
 153  *
 154  * Accesses into the region will be cause the callbacks in @ops to be called.
 155  * if @size is nonzero, subregions will be clipped to @size.
 156  *
 157  * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized.
 158  * @ops: a structure containing read and write callbacks to be used when
 159  *       I/O is performed on the region.
 160  * @opaque: passed to to the read and write callbacks of the @ops structure.
 161  * @name: used for debugging; not visible to the user or ABI
 162  * @size: size of the region.
 163  */
 164 void memory_region_init_io(MemoryRegion *mr,
 165                            const MemoryRegionOps *ops,
 166                            void *opaque,
 167                            const char *name,
 168                            uint64_t size);
 169
 170 /**
 171  * memory_region_init_ram:  Initialize RAM memory region.  Accesses into the
 172  *                          region will be modify memory directly.
 173  *
 174  * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized.
 175  * @dev: a device associated with the region; may be %NULL.
 176  * @name: the name of the region; the pair (@dev, @name) must be globally
 177  *        unique.  The name is part of the save/restore ABI and so cannot be
 178  *        changed.
 179  * @size: size of the region.
 180  */
 181 void memory_region_init_ram(MemoryRegion *mr,
 182                             DeviceState *dev, /* FIXME: layering violation */
 183                             const char *name,
 184                             uint64_t size);
 185
 186 /**
 187  * memory_region_init_ram:  Initialize RAM memory region from a user-provided.
 188  *                          pointer.  Accesses into the region will be modify
 189  *                          memory directly.
 190  *
 191  * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized.
 192  * @dev: a device associated with the region; may be %NULL.
 193  * @name: the name of the region; the pair (@dev, @name) must be globally
 194  *        unique.  The name is part of the save/restore ABI and so cannot be
 195  *        changed.
 196  * @size: size of the region.
 197  * @ptr: memory to be mapped; must contain at least @size bytes.
 198  */
 199 void memory_region_init_ram_ptr(MemoryRegion *mr,
 200                                 DeviceState *dev, /* FIXME: layering violation */
 201                                 const char *name,
 202                                 uint64_t size,
 203                                 void *ptr);
 204
 205 /**
 206  * memory_region_init_alias: Initialize a memory region that aliases all or a
 207  *                           part of another memory region.
 208  *
 209  * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized.
 210  * @name: used for debugging; not visible to the user or ABI
 211  * @orig: the region to be referenced; @mr will be equivalent to
 212  *        @orig between @offset and @offset + @size - 1.
 213  * @offset: start of the section in @orig to be referenced.
 214  * @size: size of the region.
 215  */
 216 void memory_region_init_alias(MemoryRegion *mr,
 217                               const char *name,
 218                               MemoryRegion *orig,
 219                               target_phys_addr_t offset,
 220                               uint64_t size);
 221 /**
 222  * memory_region_destroy: Destroy a memory region and relaim all resources.
 223  *
 224  * @mr: the region to be destroyed.  May not currently be a subregion
 225  *      (see memory_region_add_subregion()) or referenced in an alias
 226  *      (see memory_region_init_alias()).
 227  */
 228 void memory_region_destroy(MemoryRegion *mr);
 229
 230 /**
 231  * memory_region_size: get a memory region's size.
 232  *
 233  * @mr: the memory region being queried.
 234  */
 235 uint64_t memory_region_size(MemoryRegion *mr);
 236
 237 /**
 238  * memory_region_get_ram_ptr: Get a pointer into a RAM memory region.
 239  *
 240  * Returns a host pointer to a RAM memory region (created with
 241  * memory_region_init_ram() or memory_region_init_ram_ptr()).  Use with
 242  * care.
 243  *
 244  * @mr: the memory region being queried.
 245  */
 246 void *memory_region_get_ram_ptr(MemoryRegion *mr);
 247
 248 /**
 249  * memory_region_set_offset: Sets an offset to be added to MemoryRegionOps
 250  *                           callbacks.
 251  *
 252  * This function is deprecated and should not be used in new code.
 253  */
 254 void memory_region_set_offset(MemoryRegion *mr, target_phys_addr_t offset);
 255
 256 /**
 257  * memory_region_set_log: Turn dirty logging on or off for a region.
 258  *
 259  * Turns dirty logging on or off for a specified client (display, migration).
 260  * Only meaningful for RAM regions.
 261  *
 262  * @mr: the memory region being updated.
 263  * @log: whether dirty logging is to be enabled or disabled.
 264  * @client: the user of the logging information; %DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION or
 265  *          %DIRTY_MEMORY_VGA.
 266  */
 267 void memory_region_set_log(MemoryRegion *mr, bool log, unsigned client);
 268
 269 /**
 270  * memory_region_get_dirty: Check whether a page is dirty for a specified
 271  *                          client.
 272  *
 273  * Checks whether a page has been written to since the last
 274  * call to memory_region_reset_dirty() with the same @client.  Dirty logging
 275  * must be enabled.
 276  *
 277  * @mr: the memory region being queried.
 278  * @addr: the address (relative to the start of the region) being queried.
 279  * @client: the user of the logging information; %DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION or
 280  *          %DIRTY_MEMORY_VGA.
 281  */
 282 bool memory_region_get_dirty(MemoryRegion *mr, target_phys_addr_t addr,
 283                              unsigned client);
 284
 285 /**
 286  * memory_region_set_dirty: Mark a page as dirty in a memory region.
 287  *
 288  * Marks a page as dirty, after it has been dirtied outside guest code.
 289  *
 290  * @mr: the memory region being queried.
 291  * @addr: the address (relative to the start of the region) being dirtied.
 292  */
 293 void memory_region_set_dirty(MemoryRegion *mr, target_phys_addr_t addr);
 294
 295 /**
 296  * memory_region_sync_dirty_bitmap: Synchronize a region's dirty bitmap with
 297  *                                  any external TLBs (e.g. kvm)
 298  *
 299  * Flushes dirty information from accelerators such as kvm and vhost-net
 300  * and makes it available to users of the memory API.
 301  *
 302  * @mr: the region being flushed.
 303  */
 304 void memory_region_sync_dirty_bitmap(MemoryRegion *mr);
 305
 306 /**
 307  * memory_region_reset_dirty: Mark a range of pages as clean, for a specified
 308  *                            client.
 309  *
 310  * Marks a range of pages as no longer dirty.
 311  *
 312  * @mr: the region being updated.
 313  * @addr: the start of the subrange being cleaned.
 314  * @size: the size of the subrange being cleaned.
 315  * @client: the user of the logging information; %DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION or
 316  *          %DIRTY_MEMORY_VGA.
 317  */
 318 void memory_region_reset_dirty(MemoryRegion *mr, target_phys_addr_t addr,
 319                                target_phys_addr_t size, unsigned client);
 320
 321 /**
 322  * memory_region_set_readonly: Turn a memory region read-only (or read-write)
 323  *
 324  * Allows a memory region to be marked as read-only (turning it into a ROM).
 325  * only useful on RAM regions.
 326  *
 327  * @mr: the region being updated.
 328  * @readonly: whether rhe region is to be ROM or RAM.
 329  */
 330 void memory_region_set_readonly(MemoryRegion *mr, bool readonly);
 331
 332 /**
 333  * memory_region_set_coalescing: Enable memory coalescing for the region.
 334  *
 335  * Enabled writes to a region to be queued for later processing. MMIO ->write
 336  * callbacks may be delayed until a non-coalesced MMIO is issued.
 337  * Only useful for IO regions.  Roughly similar to write-combining hardware.
 338  *
 339  * @mr: the memory region to be write coalesced
 340  */
 341 void memory_region_set_coalescing(MemoryRegion *mr);
 342
 343 /**
 344  * memory_region_add_coalescing: Enable memory coalescing for a sub-range of
 345  *                               a region.
 346  *
 347  * Like memory_region_set_coalescing(), but works on a sub-range of a region.
 348  * Multiple calls can be issued coalesced disjoint ranges.
 349  *
 350  * @mr: the memory region to be updated.
 351  * @offset: the start of the range within the region to be coalesced.
 352  * @size: the size of the subrange to be coalesced.
 353  */
 354 void memory_region_add_coalescing(MemoryRegion *mr,
 355                                   target_phys_addr_t offset,
 356                                   uint64_t size);
 357
 358 /**
 359  * memory_region_clear_coalescing: Disable MMIO coalescing for the region.
 360  *
 361  * Disables any coalescing caused by memory_region_set_coalescing() or
 362  * memory_region_add_coalescing().  Roughly equivalent to uncacheble memory
 363  * hardware.
 364  *
 365  * @mr: the memory region to be updated.
 366  */
 367 void memory_region_clear_coalescing(MemoryRegion *mr);
 368
 369 /**
 370  * memory_region_add_eventfd: Request an eventfd to be triggered when a word
 371  *                            is written to a location.
 372  *
 373  * Marks a word in an IO region (initialized with memory_region_init_io())
 374  * as a trigger for an eventfd event.  The I/O callback will not be called.
 375  * The caller must be prepared to handle failure (hat is, take the required
 376  * action if the callback _is_ called).
 377  *
 378  * @mr: the memory region being updated.
 379  * @addr: the address within @mr that is to be monitored
 380  * @size: the size of the access to trigger the eventfd
 381  * @match_data: whether to match against @data, instead of just @addr
 382  * @data: the data to match against the guest write
 383  * @fd: the eventfd to be triggered when @addr, @size, and @data all match.
 384  **/
 385 void memory_region_add_eventfd(MemoryRegion *mr,
 386                                target_phys_addr_t addr,
 387                                unsigned size,
 388                                bool match_data,
 389                                uint64_t data,
 390                                int fd);
 391
 392 /**
 393  * memory_region_del_eventfd: Cancel and eventfd.
 394  *
 395  * Cancels an eventfd trigger request by a previous memory_region_add_eventfd()
 396  * call.
 397  *
 398  * @mr: the memory region being updated.
 399  * @addr: the address within @mr that is to be monitored
 400  * @size: the size of the access to trigger the eventfd
 401  * @match_data: whether to match against @data, instead of just @addr
 402  * @data: the data to match against the guest write
 403  * @fd: the eventfd to be triggered when @addr, @size, and @data all match.
 404  */
 405 void memory_region_del_eventfd(MemoryRegion *mr,
 406                                target_phys_addr_t addr,
 407                                unsigned size,
 408                                bool match_data,
 409                                uint64_t data,
 410                                int fd);
 411 /**
 412  * memory_region_add_subregion: Add a sub-region to a container.
 413  *
 414  * Adds a sub-region at @offset.  The sub-region may not overlap with other
 415  * subregions (except for those explicitly marked as overlapping).  A region
 416  * may only be added once as a subregion (unless removed with
 417  * memory_region_del_subregion()); use memory_region_init_alias() if you
 418  * want a region to be a subregion in multiple locations.
 419  *
 420  * @mr: the region to contain the new subregion; must be a container
 421  *      initialized with memory_region_init().
 422  * @offset: the offset relative to @mr where @subregion is added.
 423  * @subregion: the subregion to be added.
 424  */
 425 void memory_region_add_subregion(MemoryRegion *mr,
 426                                  target_phys_addr_t offset,
 427                                  MemoryRegion *subregion);
 428 /**
 429  * memory_region_add_subregion: Add a sub-region to a container, with overlap.
 430  *
 431  * Adds a sub-region at @offset.  The sub-region may overlap with other
 432  * subregions.  Conflicts are resolved by having a higher @priority hide a
 433  * lower @priority. Subregions without priority are taken as @priority 0.
 434  * A region may only be added once as a subregion (unless removed with
 435  * memory_region_del_subregion()); use memory_region_init_alias() if you
 436  * want a region to be a subregion in multiple locations.
 437  *
 438  * @mr: the region to contain the new subregion; must be a container
 439  *      initialized with memory_region_init().
 440  * @offset: the offset relative to @mr where @subregion is added.
 441  * @subregion: the subregion to be added.
 442  * @priority: used for resolving overlaps; highest priority wins.
 443  */
 444 void memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(MemoryRegion *mr,
 445                                          target_phys_addr_t offset,
 446                                          MemoryRegion *subregion,
 447                                          unsigned priority);
 448 /**
 449  * memory_region_del_subregion: Remove a subregion.
 450  *
 451  * Removes a subregion from its container.
 452  *
 453  * @mr: the container to be updated.
 454  * @subregion: the region being removed; must be a current subregion of @mr.
 455  */
 456 void memory_region_del_subregion(MemoryRegion *mr,
 457                                  MemoryRegion *subregion);
 458
 459 /* Start a transaction; changes will be accumulated and made visible only
 460  * when the transaction ends.
 461  */
 462 void memory_region_transaction_begin(void);
 463 /* Commit a transaction and make changes visible to the guest.
 464  */
 465 void memory_region_transaction_commit(void);
 466
 467 #endif
 468
 469 #endif