1 QEMU User space emulator
2 ========================
4 Supported Operating Systems
5 ---------------------------
7 The following OS are supported in user space emulation:
9 - Linux (referred as qemu-linux-user)
11 - BSD (referred as qemu-bsd-user)
16 QEMU user space emulation has the following notable features:
18 **System call translation:**
19 QEMU includes a generic system call translator. This means that the
20 parameters of the system calls can be converted to fix endianness and
21 32/64-bit mismatches between hosts and targets. IOCTLs can be
24 **POSIX signal handling:**
25 QEMU can redirect to the running program all signals coming from the
26 host (such as ``SIGALRM``), as well as synthesize signals from
27 virtual CPU exceptions (for example ``SIGFPE`` when the program
28 executes a division by zero).
30 QEMU relies on the host kernel to emulate most signal system calls,
31 for example to emulate the signal mask. On Linux, QEMU supports both
32 normal and real-time signals.
35 On Linux, QEMU can emulate the ``clone`` syscall and create a real
36 host thread (with a separate virtual CPU) for each emulated thread.
37 Note that not all targets currently emulate atomic operations
38 correctly. x86 and Arm use a global lock in order to preserve their
41 QEMU was conceived so that ultimately it can emulate itself. Although it
42 is not very useful, it is an important test to show the power of the
45 Linux User space emulator
46 -------------------------
51 In order to launch a Linux process, QEMU needs the process executable
52 itself and all the target (x86) dynamic libraries used by it.
54 - On x86, you can just try to launch any process by using the native
57 qemu-i386 -L / /bin/ls
59 ``-L /`` tells that the x86 dynamic linker must be searched with a
62 - Since QEMU is also a linux process, you can launch QEMU with QEMU
63 (NOTE: you can only do that if you compiled QEMU from the sources)::
65 qemu-i386 -L / qemu-i386 -L / /bin/ls
67 - On non x86 CPUs, you need first to download at least an x86 glibc
68 (``qemu-runtime-i386-XXX-.tar.gz`` on the QEMU web page). Ensure that
69 ``LD_LIBRARY_PATH`` is not set::
73 Then you can launch the precompiled ``ls`` x86 executable::
75 qemu-i386 tests/i386/ls
77 You can look at ``scripts/qemu-binfmt-conf.sh`` so that QEMU is
78 automatically launched by the Linux kernel when you try to launch x86
79 executables. It requires the ``binfmt_misc`` module in the Linux
82 - The x86 version of QEMU is also included. You can try weird things
85 qemu-i386 /usr/local/qemu-i386/bin/qemu-i386 \
86 /usr/local/qemu-i386/bin/ls-i386
91 - Ensure that you have a working QEMU with the x86 glibc distribution
92 (see previous section). In order to verify it, you must be able to
95 qemu-i386 /usr/local/qemu-i386/bin/ls-i386
97 - Download the binary x86 Wine install (``qemu-XXX-i386-wine.tar.gz``
98 on the QEMU web page).
100 - Configure Wine on your account. Look at the provided script
101 ``/usr/local/qemu-i386/bin/wine-conf.sh``. Your previous
102 ``${HOME}/.wine`` directory is saved to ``${HOME}/.wine.org``.
104 - Then you can try the example ``putty.exe``::
106 qemu-i386 /usr/local/qemu-i386/wine/bin/wine \
107 /usr/local/qemu-i386/wine/c/Program\ Files/putty.exe
114 qemu-i386 [-h] [-d] [-L path] [-s size] [-cpu model] [-g port] [-B offset] [-R size] program [arguments...]
120 Set the x86 elf interpreter prefix (default=/usr/local/qemu-i386)
123 Set the x86 stack size in bytes (default=524288)
126 Select CPU model (-cpu help for list and additional feature
130 Set environment var to value.
133 Remove var from the environment.
136 Offset guest address by the specified number of bytes. This is useful
137 when the address region required by guest applications is reserved on
138 the host. This option is currently only supported on some hosts.
141 Pre-allocate a guest virtual address space of the given size (in
142 bytes). \"G\", \"M\", and \"k\" suffixes may be used when specifying
148 Activate logging of the specified items (use '-d help' for a list of
152 Act as if the host page size was 'pagesize' bytes
155 Wait gdb connection to port
158 Run the emulation in single step mode.
160 Environment variables:
163 Print system calls and arguments similar to the 'strace' program
164 (NOTE: the actual 'strace' program will not work because the user
165 space emulator hasn't implemented ptrace). At the moment this is
166 incomplete. All system calls that don't have a specific argument
167 format are printed with information for six arguments. Many
168 flag-style arguments don't have decoders and will show up as numbers.
175 * ``qemu-alpha`` TODO.
179 * ``qemu-armeb`` TODO.
181 * ``qemu-arm`` is also capable of running Arm \"Angel\" semihosted ELF
182 binaries (as implemented by the arm-elf and arm-eabi Newlib/GDB
183 configurations), and arm-uclinux bFLT format binaries.
185 - user mode (ColdFire)
189 * ``qemu-m68k`` is capable of running semihosted binaries using the BDM
190 (m5xxx-ram-hosted.ld) or m68k-sim (sim.ld) syscall interfaces, and
191 coldfire uClinux bFLT format binaries.
193 The binary format is detected automatically.
197 * ``qemu-cris`` TODO.
201 * ``qemu-i386`` TODO.
202 * ``qemu-x86_64`` TODO.
204 - user mode (Microblaze)
206 * ``qemu-microblaze`` TODO.
210 * ``qemu-mips`` executes 32-bit big endian MIPS binaries (MIPS O32 ABI).
212 * ``qemu-mipsel`` executes 32-bit little endian MIPS binaries (MIPS O32 ABI).
214 * ``qemu-mips64`` executes 64-bit big endian MIPS binaries (MIPS N64 ABI).
216 * ``qemu-mips64el`` executes 64-bit little endian MIPS binaries (MIPS N64
219 * ``qemu-mipsn32`` executes 32-bit big endian MIPS binaries (MIPS N32 ABI).
221 * ``qemu-mipsn32el`` executes 32-bit little endian MIPS binaries (MIPS N32
226 * ``qemu-nios2`` TODO.
228 - user mode (PowerPC)
230 * ``qemu-ppc64abi32`` TODO.
231 * ``qemu-ppc64`` TODO.
236 * ``qemu-sh4eb`` TODO.
241 * ``qemu-sparc`` can execute Sparc32 binaries (Sparc32 CPU, 32 bit ABI).
243 * ``qemu-sparc32plus`` can execute Sparc32 and SPARC32PLUS binaries
244 (Sparc64 CPU, 32 bit ABI).
246 * ``qemu-sparc64`` can execute some Sparc64 (Sparc64 CPU, 64 bit ABI) and
247 SPARC32PLUS binaries (Sparc64 CPU, 32 bit ABI).
249 BSD User space emulator
250 -----------------------
255 - target Sparc64 on Sparc64: Some trivial programs work.
260 In order to launch a BSD process, QEMU needs the process executable
261 itself and all the target dynamic libraries used by it.
263 - On Sparc64, you can just try to launch any process by using the
273 qemu-sparc64 [-h] [-d] [-L path] [-s size] [-bsd type] program [arguments...]
279 Set the library root path (default=/)
282 Set the stack size in bytes (default=524288)
284 ``-ignore-environment``
285 Start with an empty environment. Without this option, the initial
286 environment is a copy of the caller's environment.
289 Set environment var to value.
292 Remove var from the environment.
295 Set the type of the emulated BSD Operating system. Valid values are
296 FreeBSD, NetBSD and OpenBSD (default).
301 Activate logging of the specified items (use '-d help' for a list of
305 Act as if the host page size was 'pagesize' bytes
308 Run the emulation in single step mode.