2 * QEMU disk image utility
4 * Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard
6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
13 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
16 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
25 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
28 #include "qemu-common.h"
29 #include "qemu-version.h"
30 #include "qapi/error.h"
31 #include "qapi/qapi-commands-block-core.h"
32 #include "qapi/qapi-visit-block-core.h"
33 #include "qapi/qobject-output-visitor.h"
34 #include "qapi/qmp/qjson.h"
35 #include "qapi/qmp/qdict.h"
36 #include "qapi/qmp/qstring.h"
37 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
38 #include "qemu/config-file.h"
39 #include "qemu/option.h"
40 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
42 #include "qemu/main-loop.h"
43 #include "qemu/module.h"
44 #include "qemu/units.h"
45 #include "qom/object_interfaces.h"
46 #include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
47 #include "block/block_int.h"
48 #include "block/blockjob.h"
49 #include "block/qapi.h"
50 #include "crypto/init.h"
51 #include "trace/control.h"
53 #define QEMU_IMG_VERSION "qemu-img version " QEMU_FULL_VERSION \
54 "\n" QEMU_COPYRIGHT "\n"
56 typedef struct img_cmd_t
{
58 int (*handler
)(int argc
, char **argv
);
63 OPTION_BACKING_CHAIN
= 257,
65 OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
= 259,
67 OPTION_FLUSH_INTERVAL
= 261,
68 OPTION_NO_DRAIN
= 262,
69 OPTION_TARGET_IMAGE_OPTS
= 263,
71 OPTION_PREALLOCATION
= 265,
74 OPTION_TARGET_IS_ZERO
= 268,
85 typedef enum OutputFormat
{
90 /* Default to cache=writeback as data integrity is not important for qemu-img */
91 #define BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE "writeback"
93 static void format_print(void *opaque
, const char *name
)
98 static void QEMU_NORETURN
GCC_FMT_ATTR(1, 2) error_exit(const char *fmt
, ...)
103 error_vreport(fmt
, ap
);
106 error_printf("Try 'qemu-img --help' for more information\n");
110 static void QEMU_NORETURN
missing_argument(const char *option
)
112 error_exit("missing argument for option '%s'", option
);
115 static void QEMU_NORETURN
unrecognized_option(const char *option
)
117 error_exit("unrecognized option '%s'", option
);
120 /* Please keep in synch with docs/tools/qemu-img.rst */
121 static void QEMU_NORETURN
help(void)
123 const char *help_msg
=
125 "usage: qemu-img [standard options] command [command options]\n"
126 "QEMU disk image utility\n"
128 " '-h', '--help' display this help and exit\n"
129 " '-V', '--version' output version information and exit\n"
130 " '-T', '--trace' [[enable=]<pattern>][,events=<file>][,file=<file>]\n"
131 " specify tracing options\n"
134 #define DEF(option, callback, arg_string) \
136 #include "qemu-img-cmds.h"
139 "Command parameters:\n"
140 " 'filename' is a disk image filename\n"
141 " 'objectdef' is a QEMU user creatable object definition. See the qemu(1)\n"
142 " manual page for a description of the object properties. The most common\n"
143 " object type is a 'secret', which is used to supply passwords and/or\n"
144 " encryption keys.\n"
145 " 'fmt' is the disk image format. It is guessed automatically in most cases\n"
146 " 'cache' is the cache mode used to write the output disk image, the valid\n"
147 " options are: 'none', 'writeback' (default, except for convert), 'writethrough',\n"
148 " 'directsync' and 'unsafe' (default for convert)\n"
149 " 'src_cache' is the cache mode used to read input disk images, the valid\n"
150 " options are the same as for the 'cache' option\n"
151 " 'size' is the disk image size in bytes. Optional suffixes\n"
152 " 'k' or 'K' (kilobyte, 1024), 'M' (megabyte, 1024k), 'G' (gigabyte, 1024M),\n"
153 " 'T' (terabyte, 1024G), 'P' (petabyte, 1024T) and 'E' (exabyte, 1024P) are\n"
154 " supported. 'b' is ignored.\n"
155 " 'output_filename' is the destination disk image filename\n"
156 " 'output_fmt' is the destination format\n"
157 " 'options' is a comma separated list of format specific options in a\n"
158 " name=value format. Use -o ? for an overview of the options supported by the\n"
160 " 'snapshot_param' is param used for internal snapshot, format\n"
161 " is 'snapshot.id=[ID],snapshot.name=[NAME]', or\n"
163 " '-c' indicates that target image must be compressed (qcow format only)\n"
164 " '-u' allows unsafe backing chains. For rebasing, it is assumed that old and\n"
165 " new backing file match exactly. The image doesn't need a working\n"
166 " backing file before rebasing in this case (useful for renaming the\n"
167 " backing file). For image creation, allow creating without attempting\n"
168 " to open the backing file.\n"
169 " '-h' with or without a command shows this help and lists the supported formats\n"
170 " '-p' show progress of command (only certain commands)\n"
171 " '-q' use Quiet mode - do not print any output (except errors)\n"
172 " '-S' indicates the consecutive number of bytes (defaults to 4k) that must\n"
173 " contain only zeros for qemu-img to create a sparse image during\n"
174 " conversion. If the number of bytes is 0, the source will not be scanned for\n"
175 " unallocated or zero sectors, and the destination image will always be\n"
177 " '--output' takes the format in which the output must be done (human or json)\n"
178 " '-n' skips the target volume creation (useful if the volume is created\n"
179 " prior to running qemu-img)\n"
181 "Parameters to bitmap subcommand:\n"
182 " 'bitmap' is the name of the bitmap to manipulate, through one or more\n"
183 " actions from '--add', '--remove', '--clear', '--enable', '--disable',\n"
184 " or '--merge source'\n"
185 " '-g granularity' sets the granularity for '--add' actions\n"
186 " '-b source' and '-F src_fmt' tell '--merge' actions to find the source\n"
187 " bitmaps from an alternative file\n"
189 "Parameters to check subcommand:\n"
190 " '-r' tries to repair any inconsistencies that are found during the check.\n"
191 " '-r leaks' repairs only cluster leaks, whereas '-r all' fixes all\n"
192 " kinds of errors, with a higher risk of choosing the wrong fix or\n"
193 " hiding corruption that has already occurred.\n"
195 "Parameters to convert subcommand:\n"
196 " '--bitmaps' copies all top-level persistent bitmaps to destination\n"
197 " '-m' specifies how many coroutines work in parallel during the convert\n"
198 " process (defaults to 8)\n"
199 " '-W' allow to write to the target out of order rather than sequential\n"
201 "Parameters to snapshot subcommand:\n"
202 " 'snapshot' is the name of the snapshot to create, apply or delete\n"
203 " '-a' applies a snapshot (revert disk to saved state)\n"
204 " '-c' creates a snapshot\n"
205 " '-d' deletes a snapshot\n"
206 " '-l' lists all snapshots in the given image\n"
208 "Parameters to compare subcommand:\n"
209 " '-f' first image format\n"
210 " '-F' second image format\n"
211 " '-s' run in Strict mode - fail on different image size or sector allocation\n"
213 "Parameters to dd subcommand:\n"
214 " 'bs=BYTES' read and write up to BYTES bytes at a time "
216 " 'count=N' copy only N input blocks\n"
217 " 'if=FILE' read from FILE\n"
218 " 'of=FILE' write to FILE\n"
219 " 'skip=N' skip N bs-sized blocks at the start of input\n";
221 printf("%s\nSupported formats:", help_msg
);
222 bdrv_iterate_format(format_print
, NULL
, false);
223 printf("\n\n" QEMU_HELP_BOTTOM
"\n");
227 static QemuOptsList qemu_object_opts
= {
229 .implied_opt_name
= "qom-type",
230 .head
= QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_object_opts
.head
),
236 static bool qemu_img_object_print_help(const char *type
, QemuOpts
*opts
)
238 if (user_creatable_print_help(type
, opts
)) {
245 * Is @optarg safe for accumulate_options()?
246 * It is when multiple of them can be joined together separated by ','.
247 * To make that work, @optarg must not start with ',' (or else a
248 * separating ',' preceding it gets escaped), and it must not end with
249 * an odd number of ',' (or else a separating ',' following it gets
250 * escaped), or be empty (or else a separating ',' preceding it can
251 * escape a separating ',' following it).
254 static bool is_valid_option_list(const char *optarg
)
256 size_t len
= strlen(optarg
);
259 if (!optarg
[0] || optarg
[0] == ',') {
263 for (i
= len
; i
> 0 && optarg
[i
- 1] == ','; i
--) {
272 static int accumulate_options(char **options
, char *optarg
)
276 if (!is_valid_option_list(optarg
)) {
277 error_report("Invalid option list: %s", optarg
);
282 *options
= g_strdup(optarg
);
284 new_options
= g_strdup_printf("%s,%s", *options
, optarg
);
286 *options
= new_options
;
291 static QemuOptsList qemu_source_opts
= {
293 .implied_opt_name
= "file",
294 .head
= QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_source_opts
.head
),
300 static int GCC_FMT_ATTR(2, 3) qprintf(bool quiet
, const char *fmt
, ...)
306 ret
= vprintf(fmt
, args
);
313 static int print_block_option_help(const char *filename
, const char *fmt
)
315 BlockDriver
*drv
, *proto_drv
;
316 QemuOptsList
*create_opts
= NULL
;
317 Error
*local_err
= NULL
;
319 /* Find driver and parse its options */
320 drv
= bdrv_find_format(fmt
);
322 error_report("Unknown file format '%s'", fmt
);
326 if (!drv
->create_opts
) {
327 error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support image creation", fmt
);
331 create_opts
= qemu_opts_append(create_opts
, drv
->create_opts
);
333 proto_drv
= bdrv_find_protocol(filename
, true, &local_err
);
335 error_report_err(local_err
);
336 qemu_opts_free(create_opts
);
339 if (!proto_drv
->create_opts
) {
340 error_report("Protocol driver '%s' does not support image creation",
341 proto_drv
->format_name
);
342 qemu_opts_free(create_opts
);
345 create_opts
= qemu_opts_append(create_opts
, proto_drv
->create_opts
);
349 printf("Supported options:\n");
351 printf("Supported %s options:\n", fmt
);
353 qemu_opts_print_help(create_opts
, false);
354 qemu_opts_free(create_opts
);
358 "The protocol level may support further options.\n"
359 "Specify the target filename to include those options.\n");
366 static BlockBackend
*img_open_opts(const char *optstr
,
367 QemuOpts
*opts
, int flags
, bool writethrough
,
368 bool quiet
, bool force_share
)
371 Error
*local_err
= NULL
;
373 options
= qemu_opts_to_qdict(opts
, NULL
);
375 if (qdict_haskey(options
, BDRV_OPT_FORCE_SHARE
)
376 && strcmp(qdict_get_str(options
, BDRV_OPT_FORCE_SHARE
), "on")) {
377 error_report("--force-share/-U conflicts with image options");
378 qobject_unref(options
);
381 qdict_put_str(options
, BDRV_OPT_FORCE_SHARE
, "on");
383 blk
= blk_new_open(NULL
, NULL
, options
, flags
, &local_err
);
385 error_reportf_err(local_err
, "Could not open '%s': ", optstr
);
388 blk_set_enable_write_cache(blk
, !writethrough
);
393 static BlockBackend
*img_open_file(const char *filename
,
395 const char *fmt
, int flags
,
396 bool writethrough
, bool quiet
,
400 Error
*local_err
= NULL
;
403 options
= qdict_new();
406 qdict_put_str(options
, "driver", fmt
);
410 qdict_put_bool(options
, BDRV_OPT_FORCE_SHARE
, true);
412 blk
= blk_new_open(filename
, NULL
, options
, flags
, &local_err
);
414 error_reportf_err(local_err
, "Could not open '%s': ", filename
);
417 blk_set_enable_write_cache(blk
, !writethrough
);
423 static int img_add_key_secrets(void *opaque
,
424 const char *name
, const char *value
,
427 QDict
*options
= opaque
;
429 if (g_str_has_suffix(name
, "key-secret")) {
430 qdict_put_str(options
, name
, value
);
437 static BlockBackend
*img_open(bool image_opts
,
438 const char *filename
,
439 const char *fmt
, int flags
, bool writethrough
,
440 bool quiet
, bool force_share
)
446 error_report("--image-opts and --format are mutually exclusive");
449 opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(qemu_find_opts("source"),
454 blk
= img_open_opts(filename
, opts
, flags
, writethrough
, quiet
,
457 blk
= img_open_file(filename
, NULL
, fmt
, flags
, writethrough
, quiet
,
464 static int add_old_style_options(const char *fmt
, QemuOpts
*opts
,
465 const char *base_filename
,
466 const char *base_fmt
)
471 if (!qemu_opt_set(opts
, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE
, base_filename
,
473 error_report("Backing file not supported for file format '%s'",
480 if (!qemu_opt_set(opts
, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FMT
, base_fmt
, &err
)) {
481 error_report("Backing file format not supported for file "
490 static int64_t cvtnum_full(const char *name
, const char *value
, int64_t min
,
496 err
= qemu_strtosz(value
, NULL
, &res
);
497 if (err
< 0 && err
!= -ERANGE
) {
498 error_report("Invalid %s specified. You may use "
499 "k, M, G, T, P or E suffixes for", name
);
500 error_report("kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, terabytes, "
501 "petabytes and exabytes.");
504 if (err
== -ERANGE
|| res
> max
|| res
< min
) {
505 error_report("Invalid %s specified. Must be between %" PRId64
506 " and %" PRId64
".", name
, min
, max
);
512 static int64_t cvtnum(const char *name
, const char *value
)
514 return cvtnum_full(name
, value
, 0, INT64_MAX
);
517 static int img_create(int argc
, char **argv
)
520 uint64_t img_size
= -1;
521 const char *fmt
= "raw";
522 const char *base_fmt
= NULL
;
523 const char *filename
;
524 const char *base_filename
= NULL
;
525 char *options
= NULL
;
526 Error
*local_err
= NULL
;
531 static const struct option long_options
[] = {
532 {"help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
533 {"object", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OBJECT
},
536 c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, ":F:b:f:ho:qu",
543 missing_argument(argv
[optind
- 1]);
546 unrecognized_option(argv
[optind
- 1]);
555 base_filename
= optarg
;
561 if (accumulate_options(&options
, optarg
) < 0) {
569 flags
|= BDRV_O_NO_BACKING
;
571 case OPTION_OBJECT
: {
573 opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts
,
582 /* Get the filename */
583 filename
= (optind
< argc
) ? argv
[optind
] : NULL
;
584 if (options
&& has_help_option(options
)) {
586 return print_block_option_help(filename
, fmt
);
589 if (optind
>= argc
) {
590 error_exit("Expecting image file name");
594 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts
,
595 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach
,
596 qemu_img_object_print_help
, &error_fatal
)) {
600 /* Get image size, if specified */
604 sval
= cvtnum("image size", argv
[optind
++]);
608 img_size
= (uint64_t)sval
;
610 if (optind
!= argc
) {
611 error_exit("Unexpected argument: %s", argv
[optind
]);
614 bdrv_img_create(filename
, fmt
, base_filename
, base_fmt
,
615 options
, img_size
, flags
, quiet
, &local_err
);
617 error_reportf_err(local_err
, "%s: ", filename
);
629 static void dump_json_image_check(ImageCheck
*check
, bool quiet
)
633 Visitor
*v
= qobject_output_visitor_new(&obj
);
635 visit_type_ImageCheck(v
, NULL
, &check
, &error_abort
);
636 visit_complete(v
, &obj
);
637 str
= qobject_to_json_pretty(obj
);
639 qprintf(quiet
, "%s\n", qstring_get_str(str
));
645 static void dump_human_image_check(ImageCheck
*check
, bool quiet
)
647 if (!(check
->corruptions
|| check
->leaks
|| check
->check_errors
)) {
648 qprintf(quiet
, "No errors were found on the image.\n");
650 if (check
->corruptions
) {
651 qprintf(quiet
, "\n%" PRId64
" errors were found on the image.\n"
652 "Data may be corrupted, or further writes to the image "
659 "\n%" PRId64
" leaked clusters were found on the image.\n"
660 "This means waste of disk space, but no harm to data.\n",
664 if (check
->check_errors
) {
667 " internal errors have occurred during the check.\n",
668 check
->check_errors
);
672 if (check
->total_clusters
!= 0 && check
->allocated_clusters
!= 0) {
673 qprintf(quiet
, "%" PRId64
"/%" PRId64
" = %0.2f%% allocated, "
674 "%0.2f%% fragmented, %0.2f%% compressed clusters\n",
675 check
->allocated_clusters
, check
->total_clusters
,
676 check
->allocated_clusters
* 100.0 / check
->total_clusters
,
677 check
->fragmented_clusters
* 100.0 / check
->allocated_clusters
,
678 check
->compressed_clusters
* 100.0 /
679 check
->allocated_clusters
);
682 if (check
->image_end_offset
) {
684 "Image end offset: %" PRId64
"\n", check
->image_end_offset
);
688 static int collect_image_check(BlockDriverState
*bs
,
690 const char *filename
,
695 BdrvCheckResult result
;
697 ret
= bdrv_check(bs
, &result
, fix
);
702 check
->filename
= g_strdup(filename
);
703 check
->format
= g_strdup(bdrv_get_format_name(bs
));
704 check
->check_errors
= result
.check_errors
;
705 check
->corruptions
= result
.corruptions
;
706 check
->has_corruptions
= result
.corruptions
!= 0;
707 check
->leaks
= result
.leaks
;
708 check
->has_leaks
= result
.leaks
!= 0;
709 check
->corruptions_fixed
= result
.corruptions_fixed
;
710 check
->has_corruptions_fixed
= result
.corruptions_fixed
!= 0;
711 check
->leaks_fixed
= result
.leaks_fixed
;
712 check
->has_leaks_fixed
= result
.leaks_fixed
!= 0;
713 check
->image_end_offset
= result
.image_end_offset
;
714 check
->has_image_end_offset
= result
.image_end_offset
!= 0;
715 check
->total_clusters
= result
.bfi
.total_clusters
;
716 check
->has_total_clusters
= result
.bfi
.total_clusters
!= 0;
717 check
->allocated_clusters
= result
.bfi
.allocated_clusters
;
718 check
->has_allocated_clusters
= result
.bfi
.allocated_clusters
!= 0;
719 check
->fragmented_clusters
= result
.bfi
.fragmented_clusters
;
720 check
->has_fragmented_clusters
= result
.bfi
.fragmented_clusters
!= 0;
721 check
->compressed_clusters
= result
.bfi
.compressed_clusters
;
722 check
->has_compressed_clusters
= result
.bfi
.compressed_clusters
!= 0;
728 * Checks an image for consistency. Exit codes:
730 * 0 - Check completed, image is good
731 * 1 - Check not completed because of internal errors
732 * 2 - Check completed, image is corrupted
733 * 3 - Check completed, image has leaked clusters, but is good otherwise
734 * 63 - Checks are not supported by the image format
736 static int img_check(int argc
, char **argv
)
739 OutputFormat output_format
= OFORMAT_HUMAN
;
740 const char *filename
, *fmt
, *output
, *cache
;
742 BlockDriverState
*bs
;
744 int flags
= BDRV_O_CHECK
;
748 bool image_opts
= false;
749 bool force_share
= false;
753 cache
= BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE
;
756 int option_index
= 0;
757 static const struct option long_options
[] = {
758 {"help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
759 {"format", required_argument
, 0, 'f'},
760 {"repair", required_argument
, 0, 'r'},
761 {"output", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OUTPUT
},
762 {"object", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OBJECT
},
763 {"image-opts", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
},
764 {"force-share", no_argument
, 0, 'U'},
767 c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, ":hf:r:T:qU",
768 long_options
, &option_index
);
774 missing_argument(argv
[optind
- 1]);
777 unrecognized_option(argv
[optind
- 1]);
786 flags
|= BDRV_O_RDWR
;
788 if (!strcmp(optarg
, "leaks")) {
789 fix
= BDRV_FIX_LEAKS
;
790 } else if (!strcmp(optarg
, "all")) {
791 fix
= BDRV_FIX_LEAKS
| BDRV_FIX_ERRORS
;
793 error_exit("Unknown option value for -r "
794 "(expecting 'leaks' or 'all'): %s", optarg
);
809 case OPTION_OBJECT
: {
811 opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts
,
817 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
:
822 if (optind
!= argc
- 1) {
823 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
825 filename
= argv
[optind
++];
827 if (output
&& !strcmp(output
, "json")) {
828 output_format
= OFORMAT_JSON
;
829 } else if (output
&& !strcmp(output
, "human")) {
830 output_format
= OFORMAT_HUMAN
;
832 error_report("--output must be used with human or json as argument.");
836 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts
,
837 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach
,
838 qemu_img_object_print_help
, &error_fatal
)) {
842 ret
= bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache
, &flags
, &writethrough
);
844 error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", cache
);
848 blk
= img_open(image_opts
, filename
, fmt
, flags
, writethrough
, quiet
,
855 check
= g_new0(ImageCheck
, 1);
856 ret
= collect_image_check(bs
, check
, filename
, fmt
, fix
);
858 if (ret
== -ENOTSUP
) {
859 error_report("This image format does not support checks");
864 if (check
->corruptions_fixed
|| check
->leaks_fixed
) {
865 int corruptions_fixed
, leaks_fixed
;
866 bool has_leaks_fixed
, has_corruptions_fixed
;
868 leaks_fixed
= check
->leaks_fixed
;
869 has_leaks_fixed
= check
->has_leaks_fixed
;
870 corruptions_fixed
= check
->corruptions_fixed
;
871 has_corruptions_fixed
= check
->has_corruptions_fixed
;
873 if (output_format
== OFORMAT_HUMAN
) {
875 "The following inconsistencies were found and repaired:\n\n"
876 " %" PRId64
" leaked clusters\n"
877 " %" PRId64
" corruptions\n\n"
878 "Double checking the fixed image now...\n",
880 check
->corruptions_fixed
);
883 qapi_free_ImageCheck(check
);
884 check
= g_new0(ImageCheck
, 1);
885 ret
= collect_image_check(bs
, check
, filename
, fmt
, 0);
887 check
->leaks_fixed
= leaks_fixed
;
888 check
->has_leaks_fixed
= has_leaks_fixed
;
889 check
->corruptions_fixed
= corruptions_fixed
;
890 check
->has_corruptions_fixed
= has_corruptions_fixed
;
894 switch (output_format
) {
896 dump_human_image_check(check
, quiet
);
899 dump_json_image_check(check
, quiet
);
904 if (ret
|| check
->check_errors
) {
906 error_report("Check failed: %s", strerror(-ret
));
908 error_report("Check failed");
914 if (check
->corruptions
) {
916 } else if (check
->leaks
) {
923 qapi_free_ImageCheck(check
);
928 typedef struct CommonBlockJobCBInfo
{
929 BlockDriverState
*bs
;
931 } CommonBlockJobCBInfo
;
933 static void common_block_job_cb(void *opaque
, int ret
)
935 CommonBlockJobCBInfo
*cbi
= opaque
;
938 error_setg_errno(cbi
->errp
, -ret
, "Block job failed");
942 static void run_block_job(BlockJob
*job
, Error
**errp
)
944 AioContext
*aio_context
= blk_get_aio_context(job
->blk
);
947 aio_context_acquire(aio_context
);
950 float progress
= 0.0f
;
951 aio_poll(aio_context
, true);
952 if (job
->job
.progress
.total
) {
953 progress
= (float)job
->job
.progress
.current
/
954 job
->job
.progress
.total
* 100.f
;
956 qemu_progress_print(progress
, 0);
957 } while (!job_is_ready(&job
->job
) && !job_is_completed(&job
->job
));
959 if (!job_is_completed(&job
->job
)) {
960 ret
= job_complete_sync(&job
->job
, errp
);
964 job_unref(&job
->job
);
965 aio_context_release(aio_context
);
967 /* publish completion progress only when success */
969 qemu_progress_print(100.f
, 0);
973 static int img_commit(int argc
, char **argv
)
976 const char *filename
, *fmt
, *cache
, *base
;
978 BlockDriverState
*bs
, *base_bs
;
980 bool progress
= false, quiet
= false, drop
= false;
982 Error
*local_err
= NULL
;
983 CommonBlockJobCBInfo cbi
;
984 bool image_opts
= false;
985 AioContext
*aio_context
;
988 cache
= BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE
;
991 static const struct option long_options
[] = {
992 {"help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
993 {"object", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OBJECT
},
994 {"image-opts", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
},
997 c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, ":f:ht:b:dpq",
1004 missing_argument(argv
[optind
- 1]);
1007 unrecognized_option(argv
[optind
- 1]);
1032 case OPTION_OBJECT
: {
1034 opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts
,
1040 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
:
1046 /* Progress is not shown in Quiet mode */
1051 if (optind
!= argc
- 1) {
1052 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
1054 filename
= argv
[optind
++];
1056 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts
,
1057 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach
,
1058 qemu_img_object_print_help
, &error_fatal
)) {
1062 flags
= BDRV_O_RDWR
| BDRV_O_UNMAP
;
1063 ret
= bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache
, &flags
, &writethrough
);
1065 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache
);
1069 blk
= img_open(image_opts
, filename
, fmt
, flags
, writethrough
, quiet
,
1076 qemu_progress_init(progress
, 1.f
);
1077 qemu_progress_print(0.f
, 100);
1080 base_bs
= bdrv_find_backing_image(bs
, base
);
1082 error_setg(&local_err
,
1083 "Did not find '%s' in the backing chain of '%s'",
1088 /* This is different from QMP, which by default uses the deepest file in
1089 * the backing chain (i.e., the very base); however, the traditional
1090 * behavior of qemu-img commit is using the immediate backing file. */
1091 base_bs
= backing_bs(bs
);
1093 error_setg(&local_err
, "Image does not have a backing file");
1098 cbi
= (CommonBlockJobCBInfo
){
1103 aio_context
= bdrv_get_aio_context(bs
);
1104 aio_context_acquire(aio_context
);
1105 commit_active_start("commit", bs
, base_bs
, JOB_DEFAULT
, 0,
1106 BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_REPORT
, NULL
, common_block_job_cb
,
1107 &cbi
, false, &local_err
);
1108 aio_context_release(aio_context
);
1113 /* When the block job completes, the BlockBackend reference will point to
1114 * the old backing file. In order to avoid that the top image is already
1115 * deleted, so we can still empty it afterwards, increment the reference
1116 * counter here preemptively. */
1121 job
= block_job_get("commit");
1123 run_block_job(job
, &local_err
);
1129 BlockBackend
*old_backing_blk
;
1131 old_backing_blk
= blk_new_with_bs(bs
, BLK_PERM_WRITE
, BLK_PERM_ALL
,
1133 if (!old_backing_blk
) {
1136 ret
= blk_make_empty(old_backing_blk
, &local_err
);
1137 blk_unref(old_backing_blk
);
1138 if (ret
== -ENOTSUP
) {
1139 error_free(local_err
);
1141 } else if (ret
< 0) {
1152 qemu_progress_end();
1157 error_report_err(local_err
);
1161 qprintf(quiet
, "Image committed.\n");
1166 * Returns -1 if 'buf' contains only zeroes, otherwise the byte index
1167 * of the first sector boundary within buf where the sector contains a
1168 * non-zero byte. This function is robust to a buffer that is not
1171 static int64_t find_nonzero(const uint8_t *buf
, int64_t n
)
1174 int64_t end
= QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(n
, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
);
1176 for (i
= 0; i
< end
; i
+= BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
) {
1177 if (!buffer_is_zero(buf
+ i
, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
)) {
1181 if (i
< n
&& !buffer_is_zero(buf
+ i
, n
- end
)) {
1188 * Returns true iff the first sector pointed to by 'buf' contains at least
1191 * 'pnum' is set to the number of sectors (including and immediately following
1192 * the first one) that are known to be in the same allocated/unallocated state.
1193 * The function will try to align the end offset to alignment boundaries so
1194 * that the request will at least end aligned and consequtive requests will
1195 * also start at an aligned offset.
1197 static int is_allocated_sectors(const uint8_t *buf
, int n
, int *pnum
,
1198 int64_t sector_num
, int alignment
)
1207 is_zero
= buffer_is_zero(buf
, 512);
1208 for(i
= 1; i
< n
; i
++) {
1210 if (is_zero
!= buffer_is_zero(buf
, 512)) {
1215 tail
= (sector_num
+ i
) & (alignment
- 1);
1217 if (is_zero
&& i
<= tail
) {
1218 /* treat unallocated areas which only consist
1219 * of a small tail as allocated. */
1223 /* align up end offset of allocated areas. */
1224 i
+= alignment
- tail
;
1227 /* align down end offset of zero areas. */
1236 * Like is_allocated_sectors, but if the buffer starts with a used sector,
1237 * up to 'min' consecutive sectors containing zeros are ignored. This avoids
1238 * breaking up write requests for only small sparse areas.
1240 static int is_allocated_sectors_min(const uint8_t *buf
, int n
, int *pnum
,
1241 int min
, int64_t sector_num
, int alignment
)
1244 int num_checked
, num_used
;
1250 ret
= is_allocated_sectors(buf
, n
, pnum
, sector_num
, alignment
);
1256 buf
+= BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
* *pnum
;
1258 sector_num
+= *pnum
;
1259 num_checked
= num_used
;
1262 ret
= is_allocated_sectors(buf
, n
, pnum
, sector_num
, alignment
);
1264 buf
+= BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
* *pnum
;
1266 sector_num
+= *pnum
;
1267 num_checked
+= *pnum
;
1269 num_used
= num_checked
;
1270 } else if (*pnum
>= min
) {
1280 * Compares two buffers sector by sector. Returns 0 if the first
1281 * sector of each buffer matches, non-zero otherwise.
1283 * pnum is set to the sector-aligned size of the buffer prefix that
1284 * has the same matching status as the first sector.
1286 static int compare_buffers(const uint8_t *buf1
, const uint8_t *buf2
,
1287 int64_t bytes
, int64_t *pnum
)
1290 int64_t i
= MIN(bytes
, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
);
1294 res
= !!memcmp(buf1
, buf2
, i
);
1296 int64_t len
= MIN(bytes
- i
, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
);
1298 if (!!memcmp(buf1
+ i
, buf2
+ i
, len
) != res
) {
1308 #define IO_BUF_SIZE (2 * MiB)
1311 * Check if passed sectors are empty (not allocated or contain only 0 bytes)
1313 * Intended for use by 'qemu-img compare': Returns 0 in case sectors are
1314 * filled with 0, 1 if sectors contain non-zero data (this is a comparison
1315 * failure), and 4 on error (the exit status for read errors), after emitting
1318 * @param blk: BlockBackend for the image
1319 * @param offset: Starting offset to check
1320 * @param bytes: Number of bytes to check
1321 * @param filename: Name of disk file we are checking (logging purpose)
1322 * @param buffer: Allocated buffer for storing read data
1323 * @param quiet: Flag for quiet mode
1325 static int check_empty_sectors(BlockBackend
*blk
, int64_t offset
,
1326 int64_t bytes
, const char *filename
,
1327 uint8_t *buffer
, bool quiet
)
1332 ret
= blk_pread(blk
, offset
, buffer
, bytes
);
1334 error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64
" of %s: %s",
1335 offset
, filename
, strerror(-ret
));
1338 idx
= find_nonzero(buffer
, bytes
);
1340 qprintf(quiet
, "Content mismatch at offset %" PRId64
"!\n",
1349 * Compares two images. Exit codes:
1351 * 0 - Images are identical
1353 * >1 - Error occurred
1355 static int img_compare(int argc
, char **argv
)
1357 const char *fmt1
= NULL
, *fmt2
= NULL
, *cache
, *filename1
, *filename2
;
1358 BlockBackend
*blk1
, *blk2
;
1359 BlockDriverState
*bs1
, *bs2
;
1360 int64_t total_size1
, total_size2
;
1361 uint8_t *buf1
= NULL
, *buf2
= NULL
;
1362 int64_t pnum1
, pnum2
;
1363 int allocated1
, allocated2
;
1364 int ret
= 0; /* return value - 0 Ident, 1 Different, >1 Error */
1365 bool progress
= false, quiet
= false, strict
= false;
1372 uint64_t progress_base
;
1373 bool image_opts
= false;
1374 bool force_share
= false;
1376 cache
= BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE
;
1378 static const struct option long_options
[] = {
1379 {"help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
1380 {"object", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OBJECT
},
1381 {"image-opts", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
},
1382 {"force-share", no_argument
, 0, 'U'},
1385 c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, ":hf:F:T:pqsU",
1386 long_options
, NULL
);
1392 missing_argument(argv
[optind
- 1]);
1395 unrecognized_option(argv
[optind
- 1]);
1421 case OPTION_OBJECT
: {
1423 opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts
,
1430 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
:
1436 /* Progress is not shown in Quiet mode */
1442 if (optind
!= argc
- 2) {
1443 error_exit("Expecting two image file names");
1445 filename1
= argv
[optind
++];
1446 filename2
= argv
[optind
++];
1448 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts
,
1449 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach
,
1450 qemu_img_object_print_help
, &error_fatal
)) {
1455 /* Initialize before goto out */
1456 qemu_progress_init(progress
, 2.0);
1459 ret
= bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache
, &flags
, &writethrough
);
1461 error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", cache
);
1466 blk1
= img_open(image_opts
, filename1
, fmt1
, flags
, writethrough
, quiet
,
1473 blk2
= img_open(image_opts
, filename2
, fmt2
, flags
, writethrough
, quiet
,
1482 buf1
= blk_blockalign(blk1
, IO_BUF_SIZE
);
1483 buf2
= blk_blockalign(blk2
, IO_BUF_SIZE
);
1484 total_size1
= blk_getlength(blk1
);
1485 if (total_size1
< 0) {
1486 error_report("Can't get size of %s: %s",
1487 filename1
, strerror(-total_size1
));
1491 total_size2
= blk_getlength(blk2
);
1492 if (total_size2
< 0) {
1493 error_report("Can't get size of %s: %s",
1494 filename2
, strerror(-total_size2
));
1498 total_size
= MIN(total_size1
, total_size2
);
1499 progress_base
= MAX(total_size1
, total_size2
);
1501 qemu_progress_print(0, 100);
1503 if (strict
&& total_size1
!= total_size2
) {
1505 qprintf(quiet
, "Strict mode: Image size mismatch!\n");
1509 while (offset
< total_size
) {
1510 int status1
, status2
;
1512 status1
= bdrv_block_status_above(bs1
, NULL
, offset
,
1513 total_size1
- offset
, &pnum1
, NULL
,
1517 error_report("Sector allocation test failed for %s", filename1
);
1520 allocated1
= status1
& BDRV_BLOCK_ALLOCATED
;
1522 status2
= bdrv_block_status_above(bs2
, NULL
, offset
,
1523 total_size2
- offset
, &pnum2
, NULL
,
1527 error_report("Sector allocation test failed for %s", filename2
);
1530 allocated2
= status2
& BDRV_BLOCK_ALLOCATED
;
1532 assert(pnum1
&& pnum2
);
1533 chunk
= MIN(pnum1
, pnum2
);
1536 if (status1
!= status2
) {
1538 qprintf(quiet
, "Strict mode: Offset %" PRId64
1539 " block status mismatch!\n", offset
);
1543 if ((status1
& BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO
) && (status2
& BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO
)) {
1545 } else if (allocated1
== allocated2
) {
1549 chunk
= MIN(chunk
, IO_BUF_SIZE
);
1550 ret
= blk_pread(blk1
, offset
, buf1
, chunk
);
1552 error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64
1554 offset
, filename1
, strerror(-ret
));
1558 ret
= blk_pread(blk2
, offset
, buf2
, chunk
);
1560 error_report("Error while reading offset %" PRId64
1562 offset
, filename2
, strerror(-ret
));
1566 ret
= compare_buffers(buf1
, buf2
, chunk
, &pnum
);
1567 if (ret
|| pnum
!= chunk
) {
1568 qprintf(quiet
, "Content mismatch at offset %" PRId64
"!\n",
1569 offset
+ (ret
? 0 : pnum
));
1575 chunk
= MIN(chunk
, IO_BUF_SIZE
);
1577 ret
= check_empty_sectors(blk1
, offset
, chunk
,
1578 filename1
, buf1
, quiet
);
1580 ret
= check_empty_sectors(blk2
, offset
, chunk
,
1581 filename2
, buf1
, quiet
);
1588 qemu_progress_print(((float) chunk
/ progress_base
) * 100, 100);
1591 if (total_size1
!= total_size2
) {
1592 BlockBackend
*blk_over
;
1593 const char *filename_over
;
1595 qprintf(quiet
, "Warning: Image size mismatch!\n");
1596 if (total_size1
> total_size2
) {
1598 filename_over
= filename1
;
1601 filename_over
= filename2
;
1604 while (offset
< progress_base
) {
1605 ret
= bdrv_block_status_above(blk_bs(blk_over
), NULL
, offset
,
1606 progress_base
- offset
, &chunk
,
1610 error_report("Sector allocation test failed for %s",
1615 if (ret
& BDRV_BLOCK_ALLOCATED
&& !(ret
& BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO
)) {
1616 chunk
= MIN(chunk
, IO_BUF_SIZE
);
1617 ret
= check_empty_sectors(blk_over
, offset
, chunk
,
1618 filename_over
, buf1
, quiet
);
1624 qemu_progress_print(((float) chunk
/ progress_base
) * 100, 100);
1628 qprintf(quiet
, "Images are identical.\n");
1638 qemu_progress_end();
1643 /* Convenience wrapper around qmp_block_dirty_bitmap_merge */
1644 static void do_dirty_bitmap_merge(const char *dst_node
, const char *dst_name
,
1645 const char *src_node
, const char *src_name
,
1648 BlockDirtyBitmapMergeSource
*merge_src
;
1649 BlockDirtyBitmapMergeSourceList
*list
;
1651 merge_src
= g_new0(BlockDirtyBitmapMergeSource
, 1);
1652 merge_src
->type
= QTYPE_QDICT
;
1653 merge_src
->u
.external
.node
= g_strdup(src_node
);
1654 merge_src
->u
.external
.name
= g_strdup(src_name
);
1655 list
= g_new0(BlockDirtyBitmapMergeSourceList
, 1);
1656 list
->value
= merge_src
;
1657 qmp_block_dirty_bitmap_merge(dst_node
, dst_name
, list
, errp
);
1658 qapi_free_BlockDirtyBitmapMergeSourceList(list
);
1661 enum ImgConvertBlockStatus
{
1667 #define MAX_COROUTINES 16
1669 typedef struct ImgConvertState
{
1671 int64_t *src_sectors
;
1673 int64_t total_sectors
;
1674 int64_t allocated_sectors
;
1675 int64_t allocated_done
;
1678 enum ImgConvertBlockStatus status
;
1679 int64_t sector_next_status
;
1680 BlockBackend
*target
;
1684 bool target_has_backing
;
1685 int64_t target_backing_sectors
; /* negative if unknown */
1692 size_t cluster_sectors
;
1694 long num_coroutines
;
1695 int running_coroutines
;
1696 Coroutine
*co
[MAX_COROUTINES
];
1697 int64_t wait_sector_num
[MAX_COROUTINES
];
1702 static void convert_select_part(ImgConvertState
*s
, int64_t sector_num
,
1703 int *src_cur
, int64_t *src_cur_offset
)
1706 *src_cur_offset
= 0;
1707 while (sector_num
- *src_cur_offset
>= s
->src_sectors
[*src_cur
]) {
1708 *src_cur_offset
+= s
->src_sectors
[*src_cur
];
1710 assert(*src_cur
< s
->src_num
);
1714 static int convert_iteration_sectors(ImgConvertState
*s
, int64_t sector_num
)
1716 int64_t src_cur_offset
;
1717 int ret
, n
, src_cur
;
1718 bool post_backing_zero
= false;
1720 convert_select_part(s
, sector_num
, &src_cur
, &src_cur_offset
);
1722 assert(s
->total_sectors
> sector_num
);
1723 n
= MIN(s
->total_sectors
- sector_num
, BDRV_REQUEST_MAX_SECTORS
);
1725 if (s
->target_backing_sectors
>= 0) {
1726 if (sector_num
>= s
->target_backing_sectors
) {
1727 post_backing_zero
= true;
1728 } else if (sector_num
+ n
> s
->target_backing_sectors
) {
1729 /* Split requests around target_backing_sectors (because
1730 * starting from there, zeros are handled differently) */
1731 n
= s
->target_backing_sectors
- sector_num
;
1735 if (s
->sector_next_status
<= sector_num
) {
1736 uint64_t offset
= (sector_num
- src_cur_offset
) * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
;
1740 count
= n
* BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
;
1742 if (s
->target_has_backing
) {
1743 ret
= bdrv_block_status(blk_bs(s
->src
[src_cur
]), offset
,
1744 count
, &count
, NULL
, NULL
);
1746 ret
= bdrv_block_status_above(blk_bs(s
->src
[src_cur
]), NULL
,
1747 offset
, count
, &count
, NULL
,
1755 warn_report("error while reading block status at "
1756 "offset %" PRIu64
": %s", offset
,
1759 /* Just try to read the data, then */
1760 ret
= BDRV_BLOCK_DATA
;
1761 count
= BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
;
1763 /* Retry on a shorter range */
1764 n
= DIV_ROUND_UP(n
, 4);
1767 error_report("error while reading block status at offset "
1768 "%" PRIu64
": %s", offset
, strerror(-ret
));
1774 n
= DIV_ROUND_UP(count
, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
);
1776 if (ret
& BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO
) {
1777 s
->status
= post_backing_zero
? BLK_BACKING_FILE
: BLK_ZERO
;
1778 } else if (ret
& BDRV_BLOCK_DATA
) {
1779 s
->status
= BLK_DATA
;
1781 s
->status
= s
->target_has_backing
? BLK_BACKING_FILE
: BLK_DATA
;
1784 s
->sector_next_status
= sector_num
+ n
;
1787 n
= MIN(n
, s
->sector_next_status
- sector_num
);
1788 if (s
->status
== BLK_DATA
) {
1789 n
= MIN(n
, s
->buf_sectors
);
1792 /* We need to write complete clusters for compressed images, so if an
1793 * unallocated area is shorter than that, we must consider the whole
1794 * cluster allocated. */
1795 if (s
->compressed
) {
1796 if (n
< s
->cluster_sectors
) {
1797 n
= MIN(s
->cluster_sectors
, s
->total_sectors
- sector_num
);
1798 s
->status
= BLK_DATA
;
1800 n
= QEMU_ALIGN_DOWN(n
, s
->cluster_sectors
);
1807 static int coroutine_fn
convert_co_read(ImgConvertState
*s
, int64_t sector_num
,
1808 int nb_sectors
, uint8_t *buf
)
1810 uint64_t single_read_until
= 0;
1813 assert(nb_sectors
<= s
->buf_sectors
);
1814 while (nb_sectors
> 0) {
1817 int64_t bs_sectors
, src_cur_offset
;
1820 /* In the case of compression with multiple source files, we can get a
1821 * nb_sectors that spreads into the next part. So we must be able to
1822 * read across multiple BDSes for one convert_read() call. */
1823 convert_select_part(s
, sector_num
, &src_cur
, &src_cur_offset
);
1824 blk
= s
->src
[src_cur
];
1825 bs_sectors
= s
->src_sectors
[src_cur
];
1827 offset
= (sector_num
- src_cur_offset
) << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
;
1829 n
= MIN(nb_sectors
, bs_sectors
- (sector_num
- src_cur_offset
));
1830 if (single_read_until
> offset
) {
1834 ret
= blk_co_pread(blk
, offset
, n
<< BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
, buf
, 0);
1838 single_read_until
= offset
+ (n
<< BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
);
1842 warn_report("error while reading offset %" PRIu64
1843 ": %s", offset
, strerror(-ret
));
1845 memset(buf
, 0, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
);
1854 buf
+= n
* BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
;
1861 static int coroutine_fn
convert_co_write(ImgConvertState
*s
, int64_t sector_num
,
1862 int nb_sectors
, uint8_t *buf
,
1863 enum ImgConvertBlockStatus status
)
1867 while (nb_sectors
> 0) {
1869 BdrvRequestFlags flags
= s
->compressed
? BDRV_REQ_WRITE_COMPRESSED
: 0;
1872 case BLK_BACKING_FILE
:
1873 /* If we have a backing file, leave clusters unallocated that are
1874 * unallocated in the source image, so that the backing file is
1875 * visible at the respective offset. */
1876 assert(s
->target_has_backing
);
1880 /* If we're told to keep the target fully allocated (-S 0) or there
1881 * is real non-zero data, we must write it. Otherwise we can treat
1882 * it as zero sectors.
1883 * Compressed clusters need to be written as a whole, so in that
1884 * case we can only save the write if the buffer is completely
1886 if (!s
->min_sparse
||
1888 is_allocated_sectors_min(buf
, n
, &n
, s
->min_sparse
,
1889 sector_num
, s
->alignment
)) ||
1891 !buffer_is_zero(buf
, n
* BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
)))
1893 ret
= blk_co_pwrite(s
->target
, sector_num
<< BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
,
1894 n
<< BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
, buf
, flags
);
1903 if (s
->has_zero_init
) {
1904 assert(!s
->target_has_backing
);
1907 ret
= blk_co_pwrite_zeroes(s
->target
,
1908 sector_num
<< BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
,
1909 n
<< BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
,
1910 BDRV_REQ_MAY_UNMAP
);
1919 buf
+= n
* BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
;
1925 static int coroutine_fn
convert_co_copy_range(ImgConvertState
*s
, int64_t sector_num
,
1930 while (nb_sectors
> 0) {
1933 int64_t bs_sectors
, src_cur_offset
;
1936 convert_select_part(s
, sector_num
, &src_cur
, &src_cur_offset
);
1937 offset
= (sector_num
- src_cur_offset
) << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
;
1938 blk
= s
->src
[src_cur
];
1939 bs_sectors
= s
->src_sectors
[src_cur
];
1941 n
= MIN(nb_sectors
, bs_sectors
- (sector_num
- src_cur_offset
));
1943 ret
= blk_co_copy_range(blk
, offset
, s
->target
,
1944 sector_num
<< BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
,
1945 n
<< BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
, 0, 0);
1956 static void coroutine_fn
convert_co_do_copy(void *opaque
)
1958 ImgConvertState
*s
= opaque
;
1959 uint8_t *buf
= NULL
;
1963 for (i
= 0; i
< s
->num_coroutines
; i
++) {
1964 if (s
->co
[i
] == qemu_coroutine_self()) {
1971 s
->running_coroutines
++;
1972 buf
= blk_blockalign(s
->target
, s
->buf_sectors
* BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
);
1977 enum ImgConvertBlockStatus status
;
1980 qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s
->lock
);
1981 if (s
->ret
!= -EINPROGRESS
|| s
->sector_num
>= s
->total_sectors
) {
1982 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s
->lock
);
1985 n
= convert_iteration_sectors(s
, s
->sector_num
);
1987 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s
->lock
);
1991 /* save current sector and allocation status to local variables */
1992 sector_num
= s
->sector_num
;
1994 if (!s
->min_sparse
&& s
->status
== BLK_ZERO
) {
1995 n
= MIN(n
, s
->buf_sectors
);
1997 /* increment global sector counter so that other coroutines can
1998 * already continue reading beyond this request */
2000 qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s
->lock
);
2002 if (status
== BLK_DATA
|| (!s
->min_sparse
&& status
== BLK_ZERO
)) {
2003 s
->allocated_done
+= n
;
2004 qemu_progress_print(100.0 * s
->allocated_done
/
2005 s
->allocated_sectors
, 0);
2009 copy_range
= s
->copy_range
&& s
->status
== BLK_DATA
;
2010 if (status
== BLK_DATA
&& !copy_range
) {
2011 ret
= convert_co_read(s
, sector_num
, n
, buf
);
2013 error_report("error while reading at byte %lld: %s",
2014 sector_num
* BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
, strerror(-ret
));
2017 } else if (!s
->min_sparse
&& status
== BLK_ZERO
) {
2019 memset(buf
, 0x00, n
* BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
);
2022 if (s
->wr_in_order
) {
2023 /* keep writes in order */
2024 while (s
->wr_offs
!= sector_num
&& s
->ret
== -EINPROGRESS
) {
2025 s
->wait_sector_num
[index
] = sector_num
;
2026 qemu_coroutine_yield();
2028 s
->wait_sector_num
[index
] = -1;
2031 if (s
->ret
== -EINPROGRESS
) {
2033 ret
= convert_co_copy_range(s
, sector_num
, n
);
2035 s
->copy_range
= false;
2039 ret
= convert_co_write(s
, sector_num
, n
, buf
, status
);
2042 error_report("error while writing at byte %lld: %s",
2043 sector_num
* BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
, strerror(-ret
));
2048 if (s
->wr_in_order
) {
2049 /* reenter the coroutine that might have waited
2050 * for this write to complete */
2051 s
->wr_offs
= sector_num
+ n
;
2052 for (i
= 0; i
< s
->num_coroutines
; i
++) {
2053 if (s
->co
[i
] && s
->wait_sector_num
[i
] == s
->wr_offs
) {
2055 * A -> B -> A cannot occur because A has
2056 * s->wait_sector_num[i] == -1 during A -> B. Therefore
2057 * B will never enter A during this time window.
2059 qemu_coroutine_enter(s
->co
[i
]);
2067 s
->co
[index
] = NULL
;
2068 s
->running_coroutines
--;
2069 if (!s
->running_coroutines
&& s
->ret
== -EINPROGRESS
) {
2070 /* the convert job finished successfully */
2075 static int convert_do_copy(ImgConvertState
*s
)
2078 int64_t sector_num
= 0;
2080 /* Check whether we have zero initialisation or can get it efficiently */
2081 if (!s
->has_zero_init
&& s
->target_is_new
&& s
->min_sparse
&&
2082 !s
->target_has_backing
) {
2083 s
->has_zero_init
= bdrv_has_zero_init(blk_bs(s
->target
));
2086 /* Allocate buffer for copied data. For compressed images, only one cluster
2087 * can be copied at a time. */
2088 if (s
->compressed
) {
2089 if (s
->cluster_sectors
<= 0 || s
->cluster_sectors
> s
->buf_sectors
) {
2090 error_report("invalid cluster size");
2093 s
->buf_sectors
= s
->cluster_sectors
;
2096 while (sector_num
< s
->total_sectors
) {
2097 n
= convert_iteration_sectors(s
, sector_num
);
2101 if (s
->status
== BLK_DATA
|| (!s
->min_sparse
&& s
->status
== BLK_ZERO
))
2103 s
->allocated_sectors
+= n
;
2109 s
->sector_next_status
= 0;
2110 s
->ret
= -EINPROGRESS
;
2112 qemu_co_mutex_init(&s
->lock
);
2113 for (i
= 0; i
< s
->num_coroutines
; i
++) {
2114 s
->co
[i
] = qemu_coroutine_create(convert_co_do_copy
, s
);
2115 s
->wait_sector_num
[i
] = -1;
2116 qemu_coroutine_enter(s
->co
[i
]);
2119 while (s
->running_coroutines
) {
2120 main_loop_wait(false);
2123 if (s
->compressed
&& !s
->ret
) {
2124 /* signal EOF to align */
2125 ret
= blk_pwrite_compressed(s
->target
, 0, NULL
, 0);
2134 static int convert_copy_bitmaps(BlockDriverState
*src
, BlockDriverState
*dst
)
2136 BdrvDirtyBitmap
*bm
;
2139 FOR_EACH_DIRTY_BITMAP(src
, bm
) {
2142 if (!bdrv_dirty_bitmap_get_persistence(bm
)) {
2145 name
= bdrv_dirty_bitmap_name(bm
);
2146 qmp_block_dirty_bitmap_add(dst
->node_name
, name
,
2147 true, bdrv_dirty_bitmap_granularity(bm
),
2149 true, !bdrv_dirty_bitmap_enabled(bm
),
2152 error_reportf_err(err
, "Failed to create bitmap %s: ", name
);
2156 do_dirty_bitmap_merge(dst
->node_name
, name
, src
->node_name
, name
,
2159 error_reportf_err(err
, "Failed to populate bitmap %s: ", name
);
2167 #define MAX_BUF_SECTORS 32768
2169 static int img_convert(int argc
, char **argv
)
2171 int c
, bs_i
, flags
, src_flags
= 0;
2172 const char *fmt
= NULL
, *out_fmt
= NULL
, *cache
= "unsafe",
2173 *src_cache
= BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE
, *out_baseimg
= NULL
,
2174 *out_filename
, *out_baseimg_param
, *snapshot_name
= NULL
;
2175 BlockDriver
*drv
= NULL
, *proto_drv
= NULL
;
2176 BlockDriverInfo bdi
;
2177 BlockDriverState
*out_bs
;
2178 QemuOpts
*opts
= NULL
, *sn_opts
= NULL
;
2179 QemuOptsList
*create_opts
= NULL
;
2180 QDict
*open_opts
= NULL
;
2181 char *options
= NULL
;
2182 Error
*local_err
= NULL
;
2183 bool writethrough
, src_writethrough
, image_opts
= false,
2184 skip_create
= false, progress
= false, tgt_image_opts
= false;
2185 int64_t ret
= -EINVAL
;
2186 bool force_share
= false;
2187 bool explict_min_sparse
= false;
2188 bool bitmaps
= false;
2190 ImgConvertState s
= (ImgConvertState
) {
2191 /* Need at least 4k of zeros for sparse detection */
2193 .copy_range
= false,
2194 .buf_sectors
= IO_BUF_SIZE
/ BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
,
2195 .wr_in_order
= true,
2196 .num_coroutines
= 8,
2200 static const struct option long_options
[] = {
2201 {"help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
2202 {"object", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OBJECT
},
2203 {"image-opts", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
},
2204 {"force-share", no_argument
, 0, 'U'},
2205 {"target-image-opts", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_TARGET_IMAGE_OPTS
},
2206 {"salvage", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_SALVAGE
},
2207 {"target-is-zero", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_TARGET_IS_ZERO
},
2208 {"bitmaps", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_BITMAPS
},
2211 c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, ":hf:O:B:Cco:l:S:pt:T:qnm:WU",
2212 long_options
, NULL
);
2218 missing_argument(argv
[optind
- 1]);
2221 unrecognized_option(argv
[optind
- 1]);
2233 out_baseimg
= optarg
;
2236 s
.copy_range
= true;
2239 s
.compressed
= true;
2242 if (accumulate_options(&options
, optarg
) < 0) {
2247 if (strstart(optarg
, SNAPSHOT_OPT_BASE
, NULL
)) {
2248 sn_opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&internal_snapshot_opts
,
2251 error_report("Failed in parsing snapshot param '%s'",
2256 snapshot_name
= optarg
;
2263 sval
= cvtnum("buffer size for sparse output", optarg
);
2266 } else if (!QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(sval
, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
) ||
2267 sval
/ BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
> MAX_BUF_SECTORS
) {
2268 error_report("Invalid buffer size for sparse output specified. "
2269 "Valid sizes are multiples of %llu up to %llu. Select "
2270 "0 to disable sparse detection (fully allocates output).",
2271 BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
, MAX_BUF_SECTORS
* BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
);
2275 s
.min_sparse
= sval
/ BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
;
2276 explict_min_sparse
= true;
2295 if (qemu_strtol(optarg
, NULL
, 0, &s
.num_coroutines
) ||
2296 s
.num_coroutines
< 1 || s
.num_coroutines
> MAX_COROUTINES
) {
2297 error_report("Invalid number of coroutines. Allowed number of"
2298 " coroutines is between 1 and %d", MAX_COROUTINES
);
2303 s
.wr_in_order
= false;
2308 case OPTION_OBJECT
: {
2309 QemuOpts
*object_opts
;
2310 object_opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts
,
2317 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
:
2320 case OPTION_SALVAGE
:
2323 case OPTION_TARGET_IMAGE_OPTS
:
2324 tgt_image_opts
= true;
2326 case OPTION_TARGET_IS_ZERO
:
2328 * The user asserting that the target is blank has the
2329 * same effect as the target driver supporting zero
2332 s
.has_zero_init
= true;
2334 case OPTION_BITMAPS
:
2340 if (!out_fmt
&& !tgt_image_opts
) {
2344 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts
,
2345 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach
,
2346 qemu_img_object_print_help
, &error_fatal
)) {
2350 if (s
.compressed
&& s
.copy_range
) {
2351 error_report("Cannot enable copy offloading when -c is used");
2355 if (explict_min_sparse
&& s
.copy_range
) {
2356 error_report("Cannot enable copy offloading when -S is used");
2360 if (s
.copy_range
&& s
.salvage
) {
2361 error_report("Cannot use copy offloading in salvaging mode");
2365 if (tgt_image_opts
&& !skip_create
) {
2366 error_report("--target-image-opts requires use of -n flag");
2370 if (skip_create
&& options
) {
2371 warn_report("-o has no effect when skipping image creation");
2372 warn_report("This will become an error in future QEMU versions.");
2375 if (s
.has_zero_init
&& !skip_create
) {
2376 error_report("--target-is-zero requires use of -n flag");
2380 s
.src_num
= argc
- optind
- 1;
2381 out_filename
= s
.src_num
>= 1 ? argv
[argc
- 1] : NULL
;
2383 if (options
&& has_help_option(options
)) {
2385 ret
= print_block_option_help(out_filename
, out_fmt
);
2388 error_report("Option help requires a format be specified");
2393 if (s
.src_num
< 1) {
2394 error_report("Must specify image file name");
2398 /* ret is still -EINVAL until here */
2399 ret
= bdrv_parse_cache_mode(src_cache
, &src_flags
, &src_writethrough
);
2401 error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", src_cache
);
2405 /* Initialize before goto out */
2409 qemu_progress_init(progress
, 1.0);
2410 qemu_progress_print(0, 100);
2412 s
.src
= g_new0(BlockBackend
*, s
.src_num
);
2413 s
.src_sectors
= g_new(int64_t, s
.src_num
);
2415 for (bs_i
= 0; bs_i
< s
.src_num
; bs_i
++) {
2416 s
.src
[bs_i
] = img_open(image_opts
, argv
[optind
+ bs_i
],
2417 fmt
, src_flags
, src_writethrough
, s
.quiet
,
2423 s
.src_sectors
[bs_i
] = blk_nb_sectors(s
.src
[bs_i
]);
2424 if (s
.src_sectors
[bs_i
] < 0) {
2425 error_report("Could not get size of %s: %s",
2426 argv
[optind
+ bs_i
], strerror(-s
.src_sectors
[bs_i
]));
2430 s
.total_sectors
+= s
.src_sectors
[bs_i
];
2434 bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp(blk_bs(s
.src
[0]),
2435 qemu_opt_get(sn_opts
, SNAPSHOT_OPT_ID
),
2436 qemu_opt_get(sn_opts
, SNAPSHOT_OPT_NAME
),
2438 } else if (snapshot_name
!= NULL
) {
2439 if (s
.src_num
> 1) {
2440 error_report("No support for concatenating multiple snapshot");
2445 bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp_by_id_or_name(blk_bs(s
.src
[0]), snapshot_name
,
2449 error_reportf_err(local_err
, "Failed to load snapshot: ");
2455 /* Find driver and parse its options */
2456 drv
= bdrv_find_format(out_fmt
);
2458 error_report("Unknown file format '%s'", out_fmt
);
2463 proto_drv
= bdrv_find_protocol(out_filename
, true, &local_err
);
2465 error_report_err(local_err
);
2470 if (!drv
->create_opts
) {
2471 error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support image creation",
2477 if (!proto_drv
->create_opts
) {
2478 error_report("Protocol driver '%s' does not support image creation",
2479 proto_drv
->format_name
);
2484 create_opts
= qemu_opts_append(create_opts
, drv
->create_opts
);
2485 create_opts
= qemu_opts_append(create_opts
, proto_drv
->create_opts
);
2487 opts
= qemu_opts_create(create_opts
, NULL
, 0, &error_abort
);
2489 if (!qemu_opts_do_parse(opts
, options
, NULL
, &local_err
)) {
2490 error_report_err(local_err
);
2496 qemu_opt_set_number(opts
, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE
, s
.total_sectors
* 512,
2498 ret
= add_old_style_options(out_fmt
, opts
, out_baseimg
, NULL
);
2504 /* Get backing file name if -o backing_file was used */
2505 out_baseimg_param
= qemu_opt_get(opts
, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE
);
2506 if (out_baseimg_param
) {
2507 out_baseimg
= out_baseimg_param
;
2509 s
.target_has_backing
= (bool) out_baseimg
;
2511 if (s
.has_zero_init
&& s
.target_has_backing
) {
2512 error_report("Cannot use --target-is-zero when the destination "
2513 "image has a backing file");
2517 if (s
.src_num
> 1 && out_baseimg
) {
2518 error_report("Having a backing file for the target makes no sense when "
2519 "concatenating multiple input images");
2524 /* Check if compression is supported */
2527 qemu_opt_get_bool(opts
, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT
, false);
2528 const char *encryptfmt
=
2529 qemu_opt_get(opts
, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT_FORMAT
);
2530 const char *preallocation
=
2531 qemu_opt_get(opts
, BLOCK_OPT_PREALLOC
);
2533 if (drv
&& !block_driver_can_compress(drv
)) {
2534 error_report("Compression not supported for this file format");
2539 if (encryption
|| encryptfmt
) {
2540 error_report("Compression and encryption not supported at "
2547 && strcmp(preallocation
, "off"))
2549 error_report("Compression and preallocation not supported at "
2556 /* Determine if bitmaps need copying */
2558 if (s
.src_num
> 1) {
2559 error_report("Copying bitmaps only possible with single source");
2563 if (!bdrv_supports_persistent_dirty_bitmap(blk_bs(s
.src
[0]))) {
2564 error_report("Source lacks bitmap support");
2571 * The later open call will need any decryption secrets, and
2572 * bdrv_create() will purge "opts", so extract them now before
2576 open_opts
= qdict_new();
2577 qemu_opt_foreach(opts
, img_add_key_secrets
, open_opts
, &error_abort
);
2579 /* Create the new image */
2580 ret
= bdrv_create(drv
, out_filename
, opts
, &local_err
);
2582 error_reportf_err(local_err
, "%s: error while converting %s: ",
2583 out_filename
, out_fmt
);
2588 s
.target_is_new
= !skip_create
;
2590 flags
= s
.min_sparse
? (BDRV_O_RDWR
| BDRV_O_UNMAP
) : BDRV_O_RDWR
;
2591 ret
= bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache
, &flags
, &writethrough
);
2593 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache
);
2598 s
.target
= img_open(tgt_image_opts
, out_filename
, out_fmt
,
2599 flags
, writethrough
, s
.quiet
, false);
2601 /* TODO ultimately we should allow --target-image-opts
2602 * to be used even when -n is not given.
2603 * That has to wait for bdrv_create to be improved
2604 * to allow filenames in option syntax
2606 s
.target
= img_open_file(out_filename
, open_opts
, out_fmt
,
2607 flags
, writethrough
, s
.quiet
, false);
2608 open_opts
= NULL
; /* blk_new_open will have freed it */
2614 out_bs
= blk_bs(s
.target
);
2616 if (bitmaps
&& !bdrv_supports_persistent_dirty_bitmap(out_bs
)) {
2617 error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support bitmaps",
2618 out_bs
->drv
->format_name
);
2623 if (s
.compressed
&& !block_driver_can_compress(out_bs
->drv
)) {
2624 error_report("Compression not supported for this file format");
2629 /* increase bufsectors from the default 4096 (2M) if opt_transfer
2630 * or discard_alignment of the out_bs is greater. Limit to
2631 * MAX_BUF_SECTORS as maximum which is currently 32768 (16MB). */
2632 s
.buf_sectors
= MIN(MAX_BUF_SECTORS
,
2634 MAX(out_bs
->bl
.opt_transfer
>> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
,
2635 out_bs
->bl
.pdiscard_alignment
>>
2636 BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
)));
2638 /* try to align the write requests to the destination to avoid unnecessary
2640 s
.alignment
= MAX(pow2floor(s
.min_sparse
),
2641 DIV_ROUND_UP(out_bs
->bl
.request_alignment
,
2643 assert(is_power_of_2(s
.alignment
));
2646 int64_t output_sectors
= blk_nb_sectors(s
.target
);
2647 if (output_sectors
< 0) {
2648 error_report("unable to get output image length: %s",
2649 strerror(-output_sectors
));
2652 } else if (output_sectors
< s
.total_sectors
) {
2653 error_report("output file is smaller than input file");
2659 if (s
.target_has_backing
&& s
.target_is_new
) {
2660 /* Errors are treated as "backing length unknown" (which means
2661 * s.target_backing_sectors has to be negative, which it will
2662 * be automatically). The backing file length is used only
2663 * for optimizations, so such a case is not fatal. */
2664 s
.target_backing_sectors
= bdrv_nb_sectors(out_bs
->backing
->bs
);
2666 s
.target_backing_sectors
= -1;
2669 ret
= bdrv_get_info(out_bs
, &bdi
);
2672 error_report("could not get block driver info");
2676 s
.compressed
= s
.compressed
|| bdi
.needs_compressed_writes
;
2677 s
.cluster_sectors
= bdi
.cluster_size
/ BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE
;
2680 ret
= convert_do_copy(&s
);
2682 /* Now copy the bitmaps */
2683 if (bitmaps
&& ret
== 0) {
2684 ret
= convert_copy_bitmaps(blk_bs(s
.src
[0]), out_bs
);
2689 qemu_progress_print(100, 0);
2691 qemu_progress_end();
2692 qemu_opts_del(opts
);
2693 qemu_opts_free(create_opts
);
2694 qemu_opts_del(sn_opts
);
2695 qobject_unref(open_opts
);
2696 blk_unref(s
.target
);
2698 for (bs_i
= 0; bs_i
< s
.src_num
; bs_i
++) {
2699 blk_unref(s
.src
[bs_i
]);
2703 g_free(s
.src_sectors
);
2711 static void dump_snapshots(BlockDriverState
*bs
)
2713 QEMUSnapshotInfo
*sn_tab
, *sn
;
2716 nb_sns
= bdrv_snapshot_list(bs
, &sn_tab
);
2719 printf("Snapshot list:\n");
2720 bdrv_snapshot_dump(NULL
);
2722 for(i
= 0; i
< nb_sns
; i
++) {
2724 bdrv_snapshot_dump(sn
);
2730 static void dump_json_image_info_list(ImageInfoList
*list
)
2734 Visitor
*v
= qobject_output_visitor_new(&obj
);
2736 visit_type_ImageInfoList(v
, NULL
, &list
, &error_abort
);
2737 visit_complete(v
, &obj
);
2738 str
= qobject_to_json_pretty(obj
);
2739 assert(str
!= NULL
);
2740 printf("%s\n", qstring_get_str(str
));
2746 static void dump_json_image_info(ImageInfo
*info
)
2750 Visitor
*v
= qobject_output_visitor_new(&obj
);
2752 visit_type_ImageInfo(v
, NULL
, &info
, &error_abort
);
2753 visit_complete(v
, &obj
);
2754 str
= qobject_to_json_pretty(obj
);
2755 assert(str
!= NULL
);
2756 printf("%s\n", qstring_get_str(str
));
2762 static void dump_human_image_info_list(ImageInfoList
*list
)
2764 ImageInfoList
*elem
;
2767 for (elem
= list
; elem
; elem
= elem
->next
) {
2773 bdrv_image_info_dump(elem
->value
);
2777 static gboolean
str_equal_func(gconstpointer a
, gconstpointer b
)
2779 return strcmp(a
, b
) == 0;
2783 * Open an image file chain and return an ImageInfoList
2785 * @filename: topmost image filename
2786 * @fmt: topmost image format (may be NULL to autodetect)
2787 * @chain: true - enumerate entire backing file chain
2788 * false - only topmost image file
2790 * Returns a list of ImageInfo objects or NULL if there was an error opening an
2791 * image file. If there was an error a message will have been printed to
2794 static ImageInfoList
*collect_image_info_list(bool image_opts
,
2795 const char *filename
,
2797 bool chain
, bool force_share
)
2799 ImageInfoList
*head
= NULL
;
2800 ImageInfoList
**last
= &head
;
2801 GHashTable
*filenames
;
2804 filenames
= g_hash_table_new_full(g_str_hash
, str_equal_func
, NULL
, NULL
);
2808 BlockDriverState
*bs
;
2810 ImageInfoList
*elem
;
2812 if (g_hash_table_lookup_extended(filenames
, filename
, NULL
, NULL
)) {
2813 error_report("Backing file '%s' creates an infinite loop.",
2817 g_hash_table_insert(filenames
, (gpointer
)filename
, NULL
);
2819 blk
= img_open(image_opts
, filename
, fmt
,
2820 BDRV_O_NO_BACKING
| BDRV_O_NO_IO
, false, false,
2827 bdrv_query_image_info(bs
, &info
, &err
);
2829 error_report_err(err
);
2834 elem
= g_new0(ImageInfoList
, 1);
2841 /* Clear parameters that only apply to the topmost image */
2842 filename
= fmt
= NULL
;
2846 if (info
->has_full_backing_filename
) {
2847 filename
= info
->full_backing_filename
;
2848 } else if (info
->has_backing_filename
) {
2849 error_report("Could not determine absolute backing filename,"
2850 " but backing filename '%s' present",
2851 info
->backing_filename
);
2854 if (info
->has_backing_filename_format
) {
2855 fmt
= info
->backing_filename_format
;
2859 g_hash_table_destroy(filenames
);
2863 qapi_free_ImageInfoList(head
);
2864 g_hash_table_destroy(filenames
);
2868 static int img_info(int argc
, char **argv
)
2871 OutputFormat output_format
= OFORMAT_HUMAN
;
2873 const char *filename
, *fmt
, *output
;
2874 ImageInfoList
*list
;
2875 bool image_opts
= false;
2876 bool force_share
= false;
2881 int option_index
= 0;
2882 static const struct option long_options
[] = {
2883 {"help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
2884 {"format", required_argument
, 0, 'f'},
2885 {"output", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OUTPUT
},
2886 {"backing-chain", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_BACKING_CHAIN
},
2887 {"object", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OBJECT
},
2888 {"image-opts", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
},
2889 {"force-share", no_argument
, 0, 'U'},
2892 c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, ":f:hU",
2893 long_options
, &option_index
);
2899 missing_argument(argv
[optind
- 1]);
2902 unrecognized_option(argv
[optind
- 1]);
2916 case OPTION_BACKING_CHAIN
:
2919 case OPTION_OBJECT
: {
2921 opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts
,
2927 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
:
2932 if (optind
!= argc
- 1) {
2933 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
2935 filename
= argv
[optind
++];
2937 if (output
&& !strcmp(output
, "json")) {
2938 output_format
= OFORMAT_JSON
;
2939 } else if (output
&& !strcmp(output
, "human")) {
2940 output_format
= OFORMAT_HUMAN
;
2941 } else if (output
) {
2942 error_report("--output must be used with human or json as argument.");
2946 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts
,
2947 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach
,
2948 qemu_img_object_print_help
, &error_fatal
)) {
2952 list
= collect_image_info_list(image_opts
, filename
, fmt
, chain
,
2958 switch (output_format
) {
2960 dump_human_image_info_list(list
);
2964 dump_json_image_info_list(list
);
2966 dump_json_image_info(list
->value
);
2971 qapi_free_ImageInfoList(list
);
2975 static int dump_map_entry(OutputFormat output_format
, MapEntry
*e
,
2978 switch (output_format
) {
2980 if (e
->data
&& !e
->has_offset
) {
2981 error_report("File contains external, encrypted or compressed clusters.");
2984 if (e
->data
&& !e
->zero
) {
2985 printf("%#-16"PRIx64
"%#-16"PRIx64
"%#-16"PRIx64
"%s\n",
2986 e
->start
, e
->length
,
2987 e
->has_offset
? e
->offset
: 0,
2988 e
->has_filename
? e
->filename
: "");
2990 /* This format ignores the distinction between 0, ZERO and ZERO|DATA.
2991 * Modify the flags here to allow more coalescing.
2993 if (next
&& (!next
->data
|| next
->zero
)) {
2999 printf("{ \"start\": %"PRId64
", \"length\": %"PRId64
","
3000 " \"depth\": %"PRId64
", \"zero\": %s, \"data\": %s",
3001 e
->start
, e
->length
, e
->depth
,
3002 e
->zero
? "true" : "false",
3003 e
->data
? "true" : "false");
3004 if (e
->has_offset
) {
3005 printf(", \"offset\": %"PRId64
"", e
->offset
);
3017 static int get_block_status(BlockDriverState
*bs
, int64_t offset
,
3018 int64_t bytes
, MapEntry
*e
)
3022 BlockDriverState
*file
;
3025 char *filename
= NULL
;
3027 /* As an optimization, we could cache the current range of unallocated
3028 * clusters in each file of the chain, and avoid querying the same
3034 ret
= bdrv_block_status(bs
, offset
, bytes
, &bytes
, &map
, &file
);
3039 if (ret
& (BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO
|BDRV_BLOCK_DATA
)) {
3042 bs
= backing_bs(bs
);
3051 has_offset
= !!(ret
& BDRV_BLOCK_OFFSET_VALID
);
3053 if (file
&& has_offset
) {
3054 bdrv_refresh_filename(file
);
3055 filename
= file
->filename
;
3061 .data
= !!(ret
& BDRV_BLOCK_DATA
),
3062 .zero
= !!(ret
& BDRV_BLOCK_ZERO
),
3064 .has_offset
= has_offset
,
3066 .has_filename
= filename
,
3067 .filename
= filename
,
3073 static inline bool entry_mergeable(const MapEntry
*curr
, const MapEntry
*next
)
3075 if (curr
->length
== 0) {
3078 if (curr
->zero
!= next
->zero
||
3079 curr
->data
!= next
->data
||
3080 curr
->depth
!= next
->depth
||
3081 curr
->has_filename
!= next
->has_filename
||
3082 curr
->has_offset
!= next
->has_offset
) {
3085 if (curr
->has_filename
&& strcmp(curr
->filename
, next
->filename
)) {
3088 if (curr
->has_offset
&& curr
->offset
+ curr
->length
!= next
->offset
) {
3094 static int img_map(int argc
, char **argv
)
3097 OutputFormat output_format
= OFORMAT_HUMAN
;
3099 BlockDriverState
*bs
;
3100 const char *filename
, *fmt
, *output
;
3102 MapEntry curr
= { .length
= 0 }, next
;
3104 bool image_opts
= false;
3105 bool force_share
= false;
3106 int64_t start_offset
= 0;
3107 int64_t max_length
= -1;
3112 int option_index
= 0;
3113 static const struct option long_options
[] = {
3114 {"help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
3115 {"format", required_argument
, 0, 'f'},
3116 {"output", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OUTPUT
},
3117 {"object", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OBJECT
},
3118 {"image-opts", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
},
3119 {"force-share", no_argument
, 0, 'U'},
3120 {"start-offset", required_argument
, 0, 's'},
3121 {"max-length", required_argument
, 0, 'l'},
3124 c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, ":f:s:l:hU",
3125 long_options
, &option_index
);
3131 missing_argument(argv
[optind
- 1]);
3134 unrecognized_option(argv
[optind
- 1]);
3149 start_offset
= cvtnum("start offset", optarg
);
3150 if (start_offset
< 0) {
3155 max_length
= cvtnum("max length", optarg
);
3156 if (max_length
< 0) {
3160 case OPTION_OBJECT
: {
3162 opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts
,
3168 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
:
3173 if (optind
!= argc
- 1) {
3174 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
3176 filename
= argv
[optind
];
3178 if (output
&& !strcmp(output
, "json")) {
3179 output_format
= OFORMAT_JSON
;
3180 } else if (output
&& !strcmp(output
, "human")) {
3181 output_format
= OFORMAT_HUMAN
;
3182 } else if (output
) {
3183 error_report("--output must be used with human or json as argument.");
3187 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts
,
3188 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach
,
3189 qemu_img_object_print_help
, &error_fatal
)) {
3193 blk
= img_open(image_opts
, filename
, fmt
, 0, false, false, force_share
);
3199 if (output_format
== OFORMAT_HUMAN
) {
3200 printf("%-16s%-16s%-16s%s\n", "Offset", "Length", "Mapped to", "File");
3201 } else if (output_format
== OFORMAT_JSON
) {
3205 length
= blk_getlength(blk
);
3207 error_report("Failed to get size for '%s'", filename
);
3210 if (max_length
!= -1) {
3211 length
= MIN(start_offset
+ max_length
, length
);
3214 curr
.start
= start_offset
;
3215 while (curr
.start
+ curr
.length
< length
) {
3216 int64_t offset
= curr
.start
+ curr
.length
;
3219 /* Probe up to 1 GiB at a time. */
3220 n
= MIN(1 * GiB
, length
- offset
);
3221 ret
= get_block_status(bs
, offset
, n
, &next
);
3224 error_report("Could not read file metadata: %s", strerror(-ret
));
3228 if (entry_mergeable(&curr
, &next
)) {
3229 curr
.length
+= next
.length
;
3233 if (curr
.length
> 0) {
3234 ret
= dump_map_entry(output_format
, &curr
, &next
);
3242 ret
= dump_map_entry(output_format
, &curr
, NULL
);
3243 if (output_format
== OFORMAT_JSON
) {
3252 #define SNAPSHOT_LIST 1
3253 #define SNAPSHOT_CREATE 2
3254 #define SNAPSHOT_APPLY 3
3255 #define SNAPSHOT_DELETE 4
3257 static int img_snapshot(int argc
, char **argv
)
3260 BlockDriverState
*bs
;
3261 QEMUSnapshotInfo sn
;
3262 char *filename
, *snapshot_name
= NULL
;
3263 int c
, ret
= 0, bdrv_oflags
;
3268 bool image_opts
= false;
3269 bool force_share
= false;
3271 bdrv_oflags
= BDRV_O_RDWR
;
3272 /* Parse commandline parameters */
3274 static const struct option long_options
[] = {
3275 {"help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
3276 {"object", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OBJECT
},
3277 {"image-opts", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
},
3278 {"force-share", no_argument
, 0, 'U'},
3281 c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, ":la:c:d:hqU",
3282 long_options
, NULL
);
3288 missing_argument(argv
[optind
- 1]);
3291 unrecognized_option(argv
[optind
- 1]);
3298 error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
3301 action
= SNAPSHOT_LIST
;
3302 bdrv_oflags
&= ~BDRV_O_RDWR
; /* no need for RW */
3306 error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
3309 action
= SNAPSHOT_APPLY
;
3310 snapshot_name
= optarg
;
3314 error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
3317 action
= SNAPSHOT_CREATE
;
3318 snapshot_name
= optarg
;
3322 error_exit("Cannot mix '-l', '-a', '-c', '-d'");
3325 action
= SNAPSHOT_DELETE
;
3326 snapshot_name
= optarg
;
3334 case OPTION_OBJECT
: {
3336 opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts
,
3342 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
:
3348 if (optind
!= argc
- 1) {
3349 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
3351 filename
= argv
[optind
++];
3353 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts
,
3354 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach
,
3355 qemu_img_object_print_help
, &error_fatal
)) {
3359 /* Open the image */
3360 blk
= img_open(image_opts
, filename
, NULL
, bdrv_oflags
, false, quiet
,
3367 /* Perform the requested action */
3373 case SNAPSHOT_CREATE
:
3374 memset(&sn
, 0, sizeof(sn
));
3375 pstrcpy(sn
.name
, sizeof(sn
.name
), snapshot_name
);
3377 qemu_gettimeofday(&tv
);
3378 sn
.date_sec
= tv
.tv_sec
;
3379 sn
.date_nsec
= tv
.tv_usec
* 1000;
3381 ret
= bdrv_snapshot_create(bs
, &sn
);
3383 error_report("Could not create snapshot '%s': %d (%s)",
3384 snapshot_name
, ret
, strerror(-ret
));
3388 case SNAPSHOT_APPLY
:
3389 ret
= bdrv_snapshot_goto(bs
, snapshot_name
, &err
);
3391 error_reportf_err(err
, "Could not apply snapshot '%s': ",
3396 case SNAPSHOT_DELETE
:
3397 ret
= bdrv_snapshot_find(bs
, &sn
, snapshot_name
);
3399 error_report("Could not delete snapshot '%s': snapshot not "
3400 "found", snapshot_name
);
3403 ret
= bdrv_snapshot_delete(bs
, sn
.id_str
, sn
.name
, &err
);
3405 error_reportf_err(err
, "Could not delete snapshot '%s': ",
3421 static int img_rebase(int argc
, char **argv
)
3423 BlockBackend
*blk
= NULL
, *blk_old_backing
= NULL
, *blk_new_backing
= NULL
;
3424 uint8_t *buf_old
= NULL
;
3425 uint8_t *buf_new
= NULL
;
3426 BlockDriverState
*bs
= NULL
, *prefix_chain_bs
= NULL
;
3428 const char *fmt
, *cache
, *src_cache
, *out_basefmt
, *out_baseimg
;
3429 int c
, flags
, src_flags
, ret
;
3430 bool writethrough
, src_writethrough
;
3432 bool force_share
= false;
3435 Error
*local_err
= NULL
;
3436 bool image_opts
= false;
3438 /* Parse commandline parameters */
3440 cache
= BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE
;
3441 src_cache
= BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE
;
3445 static const struct option long_options
[] = {
3446 {"help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
3447 {"object", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OBJECT
},
3448 {"image-opts", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
},
3449 {"force-share", no_argument
, 0, 'U'},
3452 c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, ":hf:F:b:upt:T:qU",
3453 long_options
, NULL
);
3459 missing_argument(argv
[optind
- 1]);
3462 unrecognized_option(argv
[optind
- 1]);
3471 out_basefmt
= optarg
;
3474 out_baseimg
= optarg
;
3491 case OPTION_OBJECT
: {
3493 opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts
,
3499 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
:
3512 if (optind
!= argc
- 1) {
3513 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
3515 if (!unsafe
&& !out_baseimg
) {
3516 error_exit("Must specify backing file (-b) or use unsafe mode (-u)");
3518 filename
= argv
[optind
++];
3520 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts
,
3521 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach
,
3522 qemu_img_object_print_help
, &error_fatal
)) {
3526 qemu_progress_init(progress
, 2.0);
3527 qemu_progress_print(0, 100);
3529 flags
= BDRV_O_RDWR
| (unsafe
? BDRV_O_NO_BACKING
: 0);
3530 ret
= bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache
, &flags
, &writethrough
);
3532 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache
);
3537 ret
= bdrv_parse_cache_mode(src_cache
, &src_flags
, &src_writethrough
);
3539 error_report("Invalid source cache option: %s", src_cache
);
3543 /* The source files are opened read-only, don't care about WCE */
3544 assert((src_flags
& BDRV_O_RDWR
) == 0);
3545 (void) src_writethrough
;
3550 * Ignore the old backing file for unsafe rebase in case we want to correct
3551 * the reference to a renamed or moved backing file.
3553 blk
= img_open(image_opts
, filename
, fmt
, flags
, writethrough
, quiet
,
3561 if (out_basefmt
!= NULL
) {
3562 if (bdrv_find_format(out_basefmt
) == NULL
) {
3563 error_report("Invalid format name: '%s'", out_basefmt
);
3569 /* For safe rebasing we need to compare old and new backing file */
3571 QDict
*options
= NULL
;
3572 BlockDriverState
*base_bs
= backing_bs(bs
);
3575 blk_old_backing
= blk_new(qemu_get_aio_context(),
3576 BLK_PERM_CONSISTENT_READ
,
3578 ret
= blk_insert_bs(blk_old_backing
, base_bs
,
3581 error_reportf_err(local_err
,
3582 "Could not reuse old backing file '%s': ",
3587 blk_old_backing
= NULL
;
3590 if (out_baseimg
[0]) {
3591 const char *overlay_filename
;
3592 char *out_real_path
;
3594 options
= qdict_new();
3596 qdict_put_str(options
, "driver", out_basefmt
);
3599 qdict_put_bool(options
, BDRV_OPT_FORCE_SHARE
, true);
3602 bdrv_refresh_filename(bs
);
3603 overlay_filename
= bs
->exact_filename
[0] ? bs
->exact_filename
3606 bdrv_get_full_backing_filename_from_filename(overlay_filename
,
3610 qobject_unref(options
);
3611 error_reportf_err(local_err
,
3612 "Could not resolve backing filename: ");
3618 * Find out whether we rebase an image on top of a previous image
3621 prefix_chain_bs
= bdrv_find_backing_image(bs
, out_real_path
);
3622 if (prefix_chain_bs
) {
3623 qobject_unref(options
);
3624 g_free(out_real_path
);
3626 blk_new_backing
= blk_new(qemu_get_aio_context(),
3627 BLK_PERM_CONSISTENT_READ
,
3629 ret
= blk_insert_bs(blk_new_backing
, prefix_chain_bs
,
3632 error_reportf_err(local_err
,
3633 "Could not reuse backing file '%s': ",
3638 blk_new_backing
= blk_new_open(out_real_path
, NULL
,
3639 options
, src_flags
, &local_err
);
3640 g_free(out_real_path
);
3641 if (!blk_new_backing
) {
3642 error_reportf_err(local_err
,
3643 "Could not open new backing file '%s': ",
3653 * Check each unallocated cluster in the COW file. If it is unallocated,
3654 * accesses go to the backing file. We must therefore compare this cluster
3655 * in the old and new backing file, and if they differ we need to copy it
3656 * from the old backing file into the COW file.
3658 * If qemu-img crashes during this step, no harm is done. The content of
3659 * the image is the same as the original one at any time.
3663 int64_t old_backing_size
= 0;
3664 int64_t new_backing_size
= 0;
3667 float local_progress
= 0;
3669 buf_old
= blk_blockalign(blk
, IO_BUF_SIZE
);
3670 buf_new
= blk_blockalign(blk
, IO_BUF_SIZE
);
3672 size
= blk_getlength(blk
);
3674 error_report("Could not get size of '%s': %s",
3675 filename
, strerror(-size
));
3679 if (blk_old_backing
) {
3680 old_backing_size
= blk_getlength(blk_old_backing
);
3681 if (old_backing_size
< 0) {
3682 char backing_name
[PATH_MAX
];
3684 bdrv_get_backing_filename(bs
, backing_name
,
3685 sizeof(backing_name
));
3686 error_report("Could not get size of '%s': %s",
3687 backing_name
, strerror(-old_backing_size
));
3692 if (blk_new_backing
) {
3693 new_backing_size
= blk_getlength(blk_new_backing
);
3694 if (new_backing_size
< 0) {
3695 error_report("Could not get size of '%s': %s",
3696 out_baseimg
, strerror(-new_backing_size
));
3703 local_progress
= (float)100 / (size
/ MIN(size
, IO_BUF_SIZE
));
3706 for (offset
= 0; offset
< size
; offset
+= n
) {
3707 bool buf_old_is_zero
= false;
3709 /* How many bytes can we handle with the next read? */
3710 n
= MIN(IO_BUF_SIZE
, size
- offset
);
3712 /* If the cluster is allocated, we don't need to take action */
3713 ret
= bdrv_is_allocated(bs
, offset
, n
, &n
);
3715 error_report("error while reading image metadata: %s",
3723 if (prefix_chain_bs
) {
3725 * If cluster wasn't changed since prefix_chain, we don't need
3728 ret
= bdrv_is_allocated_above(backing_bs(bs
), prefix_chain_bs
,
3729 false, offset
, n
, &n
);
3731 error_report("error while reading image metadata: %s",
3741 * Read old and new backing file and take into consideration that
3742 * backing files may be smaller than the COW image.
3744 if (offset
>= old_backing_size
) {
3745 memset(buf_old
, 0, n
);
3746 buf_old_is_zero
= true;
3748 if (offset
+ n
> old_backing_size
) {
3749 n
= old_backing_size
- offset
;
3752 ret
= blk_pread(blk_old_backing
, offset
, buf_old
, n
);
3754 error_report("error while reading from old backing file");
3759 if (offset
>= new_backing_size
|| !blk_new_backing
) {
3760 memset(buf_new
, 0, n
);
3762 if (offset
+ n
> new_backing_size
) {
3763 n
= new_backing_size
- offset
;
3766 ret
= blk_pread(blk_new_backing
, offset
, buf_new
, n
);
3768 error_report("error while reading from new backing file");
3773 /* If they differ, we need to write to the COW file */
3774 uint64_t written
= 0;
3776 while (written
< n
) {
3779 if (compare_buffers(buf_old
+ written
, buf_new
+ written
,
3780 n
- written
, &pnum
))
3782 if (buf_old_is_zero
) {
3783 ret
= blk_pwrite_zeroes(blk
, offset
+ written
, pnum
, 0);
3785 ret
= blk_pwrite(blk
, offset
+ written
,
3786 buf_old
+ written
, pnum
, 0);
3789 error_report("Error while writing to COW image: %s",
3797 qemu_progress_print(local_progress
, 100);
3802 * Change the backing file. All clusters that are different from the old
3803 * backing file are overwritten in the COW file now, so the visible content
3804 * doesn't change when we switch the backing file.
3806 if (out_baseimg
&& *out_baseimg
) {
3807 ret
= bdrv_change_backing_file(bs
, out_baseimg
, out_basefmt
);
3809 ret
= bdrv_change_backing_file(bs
, NULL
, NULL
);
3812 if (ret
== -ENOSPC
) {
3813 error_report("Could not change the backing file to '%s': No "
3814 "space left in the file header", out_baseimg
);
3815 } else if (ret
< 0) {
3816 error_report("Could not change the backing file to '%s': %s",
3817 out_baseimg
, strerror(-ret
));
3820 qemu_progress_print(100, 0);
3822 * TODO At this point it is possible to check if any clusters that are
3823 * allocated in the COW file are the same in the backing file. If so, they
3824 * could be dropped from the COW file. Don't do this before switching the
3825 * backing file, in case of a crash this would lead to corruption.
3828 qemu_progress_end();
3831 blk_unref(blk_old_backing
);
3832 blk_unref(blk_new_backing
);
3834 qemu_vfree(buf_old
);
3835 qemu_vfree(buf_new
);
3844 static int img_resize(int argc
, char **argv
)
3847 int c
, ret
, relative
;
3848 const char *filename
, *fmt
, *size
;
3849 int64_t n
, total_size
, current_size
;
3851 BlockBackend
*blk
= NULL
;
3852 PreallocMode prealloc
= PREALLOC_MODE_OFF
;
3855 static QemuOptsList resize_options
= {
3856 .name
= "resize_options",
3857 .head
= QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(resize_options
.head
),
3860 .name
= BLOCK_OPT_SIZE
,
3861 .type
= QEMU_OPT_SIZE
,
3862 .help
= "Virtual disk size"
3868 bool image_opts
= false;
3869 bool shrink
= false;
3871 /* Remove size from argv manually so that negative numbers are not treated
3872 * as options by getopt. */
3874 error_exit("Not enough arguments");
3878 size
= argv
[--argc
];
3880 /* Parse getopt arguments */
3883 static const struct option long_options
[] = {
3884 {"help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
3885 {"object", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OBJECT
},
3886 {"image-opts", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
},
3887 {"preallocation", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_PREALLOCATION
},
3888 {"shrink", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_SHRINK
},
3891 c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, ":f:hq",
3892 long_options
, NULL
);
3898 missing_argument(argv
[optind
- 1]);
3901 unrecognized_option(argv
[optind
- 1]);
3912 case OPTION_OBJECT
: {
3914 opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts
,
3920 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
:
3923 case OPTION_PREALLOCATION
:
3924 prealloc
= qapi_enum_parse(&PreallocMode_lookup
, optarg
,
3925 PREALLOC_MODE__MAX
, NULL
);
3926 if (prealloc
== PREALLOC_MODE__MAX
) {
3927 error_report("Invalid preallocation mode '%s'", optarg
);
3936 if (optind
!= argc
- 1) {
3937 error_exit("Expecting image file name and size");
3939 filename
= argv
[optind
++];
3941 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts
,
3942 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach
,
3943 qemu_img_object_print_help
, &error_fatal
)) {
3947 /* Choose grow, shrink, or absolute resize mode */
3963 param
= qemu_opts_create(&resize_options
, NULL
, 0, &error_abort
);
3964 if (!qemu_opt_set(param
, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE
, size
, &err
)) {
3965 error_report_err(err
);
3967 qemu_opts_del(param
);
3970 n
= qemu_opt_get_size(param
, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE
, 0);
3971 qemu_opts_del(param
);
3973 blk
= img_open(image_opts
, filename
, fmt
,
3974 BDRV_O_RDWR
| BDRV_O_RESIZE
, false, quiet
,
3981 current_size
= blk_getlength(blk
);
3982 if (current_size
< 0) {
3983 error_report("Failed to inquire current image length: %s",
3984 strerror(-current_size
));
3990 total_size
= current_size
+ n
* relative
;
3994 if (total_size
<= 0) {
3995 error_report("New image size must be positive");
4000 if (total_size
<= current_size
&& prealloc
!= PREALLOC_MODE_OFF
) {
4001 error_report("Preallocation can only be used for growing images");
4006 if (total_size
< current_size
&& !shrink
) {
4007 warn_report("Shrinking an image will delete all data beyond the "
4008 "shrunken image's end. Before performing such an "
4009 "operation, make sure there is no important data there.");
4011 if (g_strcmp0(bdrv_get_format_name(blk_bs(blk
)), "raw") != 0) {
4013 "Use the --shrink option to perform a shrink operation.");
4017 warn_report("Using the --shrink option will suppress this message. "
4018 "Note that future versions of qemu-img may refuse to "
4019 "shrink images without this option.");
4024 * The user expects the image to have the desired size after
4025 * resizing, so pass @exact=true. It is of no use to report
4026 * success when the image has not actually been resized.
4028 ret
= blk_truncate(blk
, total_size
, true, prealloc
, 0, &err
);
4030 qprintf(quiet
, "Image resized.\n");
4032 error_report_err(err
);
4042 static void amend_status_cb(BlockDriverState
*bs
,
4043 int64_t offset
, int64_t total_work_size
,
4046 qemu_progress_print(100.f
* offset
/ total_work_size
, 0);
4049 static int print_amend_option_help(const char *format
)
4053 /* Find driver and parse its options */
4054 drv
= bdrv_find_format(format
);
4056 error_report("Unknown file format '%s'", format
);
4060 if (!drv
->bdrv_amend_options
) {
4061 error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support option amendment",
4066 /* Every driver supporting amendment must have amend_opts */
4067 assert(drv
->amend_opts
);
4069 printf("Amend options for '%s':\n", format
);
4070 qemu_opts_print_help(drv
->amend_opts
, false);
4074 static int img_amend(int argc
, char **argv
)
4078 char *options
= NULL
;
4079 QemuOptsList
*amend_opts
= NULL
;
4080 QemuOpts
*opts
= NULL
;
4081 const char *fmt
= NULL
, *filename
, *cache
;
4084 bool quiet
= false, progress
= false;
4085 BlockBackend
*blk
= NULL
;
4086 BlockDriverState
*bs
= NULL
;
4087 bool image_opts
= false;
4090 cache
= BDRV_DEFAULT_CACHE
;
4092 static const struct option long_options
[] = {
4093 {"help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
4094 {"object", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OBJECT
},
4095 {"image-opts", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
},
4096 {"force", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_FORCE
},
4099 c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, ":ho:f:t:pq",
4100 long_options
, NULL
);
4107 missing_argument(argv
[optind
- 1]);
4110 unrecognized_option(argv
[optind
- 1]);
4116 if (accumulate_options(&options
, optarg
) < 0) {
4118 goto out_no_progress
;
4134 opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts
,
4138 goto out_no_progress
;
4141 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
:
4151 error_exit("Must specify options (-o)");
4154 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts
,
4155 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach
,
4156 qemu_img_object_print_help
, &error_fatal
)) {
4158 goto out_no_progress
;
4164 qemu_progress_init(progress
, 1.0);
4166 filename
= (optind
== argc
- 1) ? argv
[argc
- 1] : NULL
;
4167 if (fmt
&& has_help_option(options
)) {
4168 /* If a format is explicitly specified (and possibly no filename is
4169 * given), print option help here */
4170 ret
= print_amend_option_help(fmt
);
4174 if (optind
!= argc
- 1) {
4175 error_report("Expecting one image file name");
4180 flags
= BDRV_O_RDWR
;
4181 ret
= bdrv_parse_cache_mode(cache
, &flags
, &writethrough
);
4183 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache
);
4187 blk
= img_open(image_opts
, filename
, fmt
, flags
, writethrough
, quiet
,
4195 fmt
= bs
->drv
->format_name
;
4197 if (has_help_option(options
)) {
4198 /* If the format was auto-detected, print option help here */
4199 ret
= print_amend_option_help(fmt
);
4203 if (!bs
->drv
->bdrv_amend_options
) {
4204 error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support option amendment",
4210 /* Every driver supporting amendment must have amend_opts */
4211 assert(bs
->drv
->amend_opts
);
4213 amend_opts
= qemu_opts_append(amend_opts
, bs
->drv
->amend_opts
);
4214 opts
= qemu_opts_create(amend_opts
, NULL
, 0, &error_abort
);
4215 if (!qemu_opts_do_parse(opts
, options
, NULL
, &err
)) {
4216 /* Try to parse options using the create options */
4218 amend_opts
= qemu_opts_append(amend_opts
, bs
->drv
->create_opts
);
4219 qemu_opts_del(opts
);
4220 opts
= qemu_opts_create(amend_opts
, NULL
, 0, &error_abort
);
4221 qemu_opts_do_parse(opts
, options
, NULL
, &err1
);
4224 error_append_hint(&err
,
4225 "This option is only supported for image creation\n");
4230 error_report_err(err
);
4235 /* In case the driver does not call amend_status_cb() */
4236 qemu_progress_print(0.f
, 0);
4237 ret
= bdrv_amend_options(bs
, opts
, &amend_status_cb
, NULL
, force
, &err
);
4238 qemu_progress_print(100.f
, 0);
4240 error_report_err(err
);
4245 qemu_progress_end();
4249 qemu_opts_del(opts
);
4250 qemu_opts_free(amend_opts
);
4259 typedef struct BenchData
{
4261 uint64_t image_size
;
4268 bool drain_on_flush
;
4277 static void bench_undrained_flush_cb(void *opaque
, int ret
)
4280 error_report("Failed flush request: %s", strerror(-ret
));
4285 static void bench_cb(void *opaque
, int ret
)
4287 BenchData
*b
= opaque
;
4291 error_report("Failed request: %s", strerror(-ret
));
4296 /* Just finished a flush with drained queue: Start next requests */
4297 assert(b
->in_flight
== 0);
4298 b
->in_flush
= false;
4299 } else if (b
->in_flight
> 0) {
4300 int remaining
= b
->n
- b
->in_flight
;
4305 /* Time for flush? Drain queue if requested, then flush */
4306 if (b
->flush_interval
&& remaining
% b
->flush_interval
== 0) {
4307 if (!b
->in_flight
|| !b
->drain_on_flush
) {
4308 BlockCompletionFunc
*cb
;
4310 if (b
->drain_on_flush
) {
4314 cb
= bench_undrained_flush_cb
;
4317 acb
= blk_aio_flush(b
->blk
, cb
, b
);
4319 error_report("Failed to issue flush request");
4323 if (b
->drain_on_flush
) {
4329 while (b
->n
> b
->in_flight
&& b
->in_flight
< b
->nrreq
) {
4330 int64_t offset
= b
->offset
;
4331 /* blk_aio_* might look for completed I/Os and kick bench_cb
4332 * again, so make sure this operation is counted by in_flight
4333 * and b->offset is ready for the next submission.
4336 b
->offset
+= b
->step
;
4337 b
->offset
%= b
->image_size
;
4339 acb
= blk_aio_pwritev(b
->blk
, offset
, b
->qiov
, 0, bench_cb
, b
);
4341 acb
= blk_aio_preadv(b
->blk
, offset
, b
->qiov
, 0, bench_cb
, b
);
4344 error_report("Failed to issue request");
4350 static int img_bench(int argc
, char **argv
)
4353 const char *fmt
= NULL
, *filename
;
4355 bool image_opts
= false;
4356 bool is_write
= false;
4360 size_t bufsize
= 4096;
4363 int flush_interval
= 0;
4364 bool drain_on_flush
= true;
4366 BlockBackend
*blk
= NULL
;
4367 BenchData data
= {};
4369 bool writethrough
= false;
4370 struct timeval t1
, t2
;
4372 bool force_share
= false;
4376 static const struct option long_options
[] = {
4377 {"help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
4378 {"flush-interval", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_FLUSH_INTERVAL
},
4379 {"image-opts", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
},
4380 {"pattern", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_PATTERN
},
4381 {"no-drain", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_NO_DRAIN
},
4382 {"force-share", no_argument
, 0, 'U'},
4385 c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, ":hc:d:f:ni:o:qs:S:t:wU", long_options
,
4393 missing_argument(argv
[optind
- 1]);
4396 unrecognized_option(argv
[optind
- 1]);
4405 if (qemu_strtoul(optarg
, NULL
, 0, &res
) < 0 || res
> INT_MAX
) {
4406 error_report("Invalid request count specified");
4416 if (qemu_strtoul(optarg
, NULL
, 0, &res
) < 0 || res
> INT_MAX
) {
4417 error_report("Invalid queue depth specified");
4427 flags
|= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO
;
4430 ret
= bdrv_parse_aio(optarg
, &flags
);
4432 error_report("Invalid aio option: %s", optarg
);
4439 offset
= cvtnum("offset", optarg
);
4453 sval
= cvtnum_full("buffer size", optarg
, 0, INT_MAX
);
4465 sval
= cvtnum_full("step_size", optarg
, 0, INT_MAX
);
4474 ret
= bdrv_parse_cache_mode(optarg
, &flags
, &writethrough
);
4476 error_report("Invalid cache mode");
4482 flags
|= BDRV_O_RDWR
;
4488 case OPTION_PATTERN
:
4492 if (qemu_strtoul(optarg
, NULL
, 0, &res
) < 0 || res
> 0xff) {
4493 error_report("Invalid pattern byte specified");
4499 case OPTION_FLUSH_INTERVAL
:
4503 if (qemu_strtoul(optarg
, NULL
, 0, &res
) < 0 || res
> INT_MAX
) {
4504 error_report("Invalid flush interval specified");
4507 flush_interval
= res
;
4510 case OPTION_NO_DRAIN
:
4511 drain_on_flush
= false;
4513 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
:
4519 if (optind
!= argc
- 1) {
4520 error_exit("Expecting one image file name");
4522 filename
= argv
[argc
- 1];
4524 if (!is_write
&& flush_interval
) {
4525 error_report("--flush-interval is only available in write tests");
4529 if (flush_interval
&& flush_interval
< depth
) {
4530 error_report("Flush interval can't be smaller than depth");
4535 blk
= img_open(image_opts
, filename
, fmt
, flags
, writethrough
, quiet
,
4542 image_size
= blk_getlength(blk
);
4543 if (image_size
< 0) {
4548 data
= (BenchData
) {
4550 .image_size
= image_size
,
4552 .step
= step
?: bufsize
,
4557 .flush_interval
= flush_interval
,
4558 .drain_on_flush
= drain_on_flush
,
4560 printf("Sending %d %s requests, %d bytes each, %d in parallel "
4561 "(starting at offset %" PRId64
", step size %d)\n",
4562 data
.n
, data
.write
? "write" : "read", data
.bufsize
, data
.nrreq
,
4563 data
.offset
, data
.step
);
4564 if (flush_interval
) {
4565 printf("Sending flush every %d requests\n", flush_interval
);
4568 buf_size
= data
.nrreq
* data
.bufsize
;
4569 data
.buf
= blk_blockalign(blk
, buf_size
);
4570 memset(data
.buf
, pattern
, data
.nrreq
* data
.bufsize
);
4572 blk_register_buf(blk
, data
.buf
, buf_size
);
4574 data
.qiov
= g_new(QEMUIOVector
, data
.nrreq
);
4575 for (i
= 0; i
< data
.nrreq
; i
++) {
4576 qemu_iovec_init(&data
.qiov
[i
], 1);
4577 qemu_iovec_add(&data
.qiov
[i
],
4578 data
.buf
+ i
* data
.bufsize
, data
.bufsize
);
4581 gettimeofday(&t1
, NULL
);
4584 while (data
.n
> 0) {
4585 main_loop_wait(false);
4587 gettimeofday(&t2
, NULL
);
4589 printf("Run completed in %3.3f seconds.\n",
4590 (t2
.tv_sec
- t1
.tv_sec
)
4591 + ((double)(t2
.tv_usec
- t1
.tv_usec
) / 1000000));
4595 blk_unregister_buf(blk
, data
.buf
);
4597 qemu_vfree(data
.buf
);
4614 typedef struct ImgBitmapAction
{
4615 enum ImgBitmapAct act
;
4616 const char *src
; /* only used for merge */
4617 QSIMPLEQ_ENTRY(ImgBitmapAction
) next
;
4620 static int img_bitmap(int argc
, char **argv
)
4624 QemuOpts
*opts
= NULL
;
4625 const char *fmt
= NULL
, *src_fmt
= NULL
, *src_filename
= NULL
;
4626 const char *filename
, *bitmap
;
4627 BlockBackend
*blk
= NULL
, *src
= NULL
;
4628 BlockDriverState
*bs
= NULL
, *src_bs
= NULL
;
4629 bool image_opts
= false;
4630 int64_t granularity
= 0;
4631 bool add
= false, merge
= false;
4632 QSIMPLEQ_HEAD(, ImgBitmapAction
) actions
;
4633 ImgBitmapAction
*act
, *act_next
;
4636 QSIMPLEQ_INIT(&actions
);
4639 static const struct option long_options
[] = {
4640 {"help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
4641 {"object", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OBJECT
},
4642 {"image-opts", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
},
4643 {"add", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_ADD
},
4644 {"remove", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_REMOVE
},
4645 {"clear", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_CLEAR
},
4646 {"enable", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_ENABLE
},
4647 {"disable", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_DISABLE
},
4648 {"merge", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_MERGE
},
4649 {"granularity", required_argument
, 0, 'g'},
4650 {"source-file", required_argument
, 0, 'b'},
4651 {"source-format", required_argument
, 0, 'F'},
4654 c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, ":b:f:F:g:h", long_options
, NULL
);
4661 missing_argument(argv
[optind
- 1]);
4664 unrecognized_option(argv
[optind
- 1]);
4670 src_filename
= optarg
;
4679 granularity
= cvtnum("granularity", optarg
);
4680 if (granularity
< 0) {
4685 act
= g_new0(ImgBitmapAction
, 1);
4686 act
->act
= BITMAP_ADD
;
4687 QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&actions
, act
, next
);
4691 act
= g_new0(ImgBitmapAction
, 1);
4692 act
->act
= BITMAP_REMOVE
;
4693 QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&actions
, act
, next
);
4696 act
= g_new0(ImgBitmapAction
, 1);
4697 act
->act
= BITMAP_CLEAR
;
4698 QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&actions
, act
, next
);
4701 act
= g_new0(ImgBitmapAction
, 1);
4702 act
->act
= BITMAP_ENABLE
;
4703 QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&actions
, act
, next
);
4705 case OPTION_DISABLE
:
4706 act
= g_new0(ImgBitmapAction
, 1);
4707 act
->act
= BITMAP_DISABLE
;
4708 QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&actions
, act
, next
);
4711 act
= g_new0(ImgBitmapAction
, 1);
4712 act
->act
= BITMAP_MERGE
;
4714 QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&actions
, act
, next
);
4718 opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts
, optarg
, true);
4723 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
:
4729 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts
,
4730 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach
,
4731 qemu_img_object_print_help
, &error_fatal
)) {
4735 if (QSIMPLEQ_EMPTY(&actions
)) {
4736 error_report("Need at least one of --add, --remove, --clear, "
4737 "--enable, --disable, or --merge");
4741 if (granularity
&& !add
) {
4742 error_report("granularity only supported with --add");
4745 if (src_fmt
&& !src_filename
) {
4746 error_report("-F only supported with -b");
4749 if (src_filename
&& !merge
) {
4750 error_report("Merge bitmap source file only supported with "
4755 if (optind
!= argc
- 2) {
4756 error_report("Expecting filename and bitmap name");
4760 filename
= argv
[optind
];
4761 bitmap
= argv
[optind
+ 1];
4763 blk
= img_open(image_opts
, filename
, fmt
, BDRV_O_RDWR
, false, false,
4770 src
= img_open(false, src_filename
, src_fmt
, 0, false, false, false);
4774 src_bs
= blk_bs(src
);
4779 QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH_SAFE(act
, &actions
, next
, act_next
) {
4782 qmp_block_dirty_bitmap_add(bs
->node_name
, bitmap
,
4783 !!granularity
, granularity
, true, true,
4784 false, false, &err
);
4788 qmp_block_dirty_bitmap_remove(bs
->node_name
, bitmap
, &err
);
4792 qmp_block_dirty_bitmap_clear(bs
->node_name
, bitmap
, &err
);
4796 qmp_block_dirty_bitmap_enable(bs
->node_name
, bitmap
, &err
);
4799 case BITMAP_DISABLE
:
4800 qmp_block_dirty_bitmap_disable(bs
->node_name
, bitmap
, &err
);
4804 do_dirty_bitmap_merge(bs
->node_name
, bitmap
, src_bs
->node_name
,
4809 g_assert_not_reached();
4813 error_reportf_err(err
, "Operation %s on bitmap %s failed: ",
4825 qemu_opts_del(opts
);
4841 int bsz
; /* Block size */
4849 int (*f
)(const char *, struct DdIo
*, struct DdIo
*, struct DdInfo
*);
4853 static int img_dd_bs(const char *arg
,
4854 struct DdIo
*in
, struct DdIo
*out
,
4859 res
= cvtnum_full("bs", arg
, 1, INT_MAX
);
4864 in
->bsz
= out
->bsz
= res
;
4869 static int img_dd_count(const char *arg
,
4870 struct DdIo
*in
, struct DdIo
*out
,
4873 dd
->count
= cvtnum("count", arg
);
4875 if (dd
->count
< 0) {
4882 static int img_dd_if(const char *arg
,
4883 struct DdIo
*in
, struct DdIo
*out
,
4886 in
->filename
= g_strdup(arg
);
4891 static int img_dd_of(const char *arg
,
4892 struct DdIo
*in
, struct DdIo
*out
,
4895 out
->filename
= g_strdup(arg
);
4900 static int img_dd_skip(const char *arg
,
4901 struct DdIo
*in
, struct DdIo
*out
,
4904 in
->offset
= cvtnum("skip", arg
);
4906 if (in
->offset
< 0) {
4913 static int img_dd(int argc
, char **argv
)
4918 BlockDriver
*drv
= NULL
, *proto_drv
= NULL
;
4919 BlockBackend
*blk1
= NULL
, *blk2
= NULL
;
4920 QemuOpts
*opts
= NULL
;
4921 QemuOptsList
*create_opts
= NULL
;
4922 Error
*local_err
= NULL
;
4923 bool image_opts
= false;
4925 const char *out_fmt
= "raw";
4926 const char *fmt
= NULL
;
4928 int64_t block_count
= 0, out_pos
, in_pos
;
4929 bool force_share
= false;
4930 struct DdInfo dd
= {
4935 .bsz
= 512, /* Block size is by default 512 bytes */
4947 const struct DdOpts options
[] = {
4948 { "bs", img_dd_bs
, C_BS
},
4949 { "count", img_dd_count
, C_COUNT
},
4950 { "if", img_dd_if
, C_IF
},
4951 { "of", img_dd_of
, C_OF
},
4952 { "skip", img_dd_skip
, C_SKIP
},
4955 const struct option long_options
[] = {
4956 { "help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
4957 { "object", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OBJECT
},
4958 { "image-opts", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
},
4959 { "force-share", no_argument
, 0, 'U'},
4963 while ((c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, ":hf:O:U", long_options
, NULL
))) {
4975 missing_argument(argv
[optind
- 1]);
4978 unrecognized_option(argv
[optind
- 1]);
4987 if (!qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts
, optarg
, true)) {
4992 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
:
4998 for (i
= optind
; i
< argc
; i
++) {
5000 arg
= g_strdup(argv
[i
]);
5002 tmp
= strchr(arg
, '=');
5004 error_report("unrecognized operand %s", arg
);
5011 for (j
= 0; options
[j
].name
!= NULL
; j
++) {
5012 if (!strcmp(arg
, options
[j
].name
)) {
5016 if (options
[j
].name
== NULL
) {
5017 error_report("unrecognized operand %s", arg
);
5022 if (options
[j
].f(tmp
, &in
, &out
, &dd
) != 0) {
5026 dd
.flags
|= options
[j
].flag
;
5031 if (!(dd
.flags
& C_IF
&& dd
.flags
& C_OF
)) {
5032 error_report("Must specify both input and output files");
5037 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts
,
5038 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach
,
5039 qemu_img_object_print_help
, &error_fatal
)) {
5044 blk1
= img_open(image_opts
, in
.filename
, fmt
, 0, false, false,
5052 drv
= bdrv_find_format(out_fmt
);
5054 error_report("Unknown file format");
5058 proto_drv
= bdrv_find_protocol(out
.filename
, true, &local_err
);
5061 error_report_err(local_err
);
5065 if (!drv
->create_opts
) {
5066 error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support image creation",
5071 if (!proto_drv
->create_opts
) {
5072 error_report("Protocol driver '%s' does not support image creation",
5073 proto_drv
->format_name
);
5077 create_opts
= qemu_opts_append(create_opts
, drv
->create_opts
);
5078 create_opts
= qemu_opts_append(create_opts
, proto_drv
->create_opts
);
5080 opts
= qemu_opts_create(create_opts
, NULL
, 0, &error_abort
);
5082 size
= blk_getlength(blk1
);
5084 error_report("Failed to get size for '%s'", in
.filename
);
5089 if (dd
.flags
& C_COUNT
&& dd
.count
<= INT64_MAX
/ in
.bsz
&&
5090 dd
.count
* in
.bsz
< size
) {
5091 size
= dd
.count
* in
.bsz
;
5094 /* Overflow means the specified offset is beyond input image's size */
5095 if (dd
.flags
& C_SKIP
&& (in
.offset
> INT64_MAX
/ in
.bsz
||
5096 size
< in
.bsz
* in
.offset
)) {
5097 qemu_opt_set_number(opts
, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE
, 0, &error_abort
);
5099 qemu_opt_set_number(opts
, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE
,
5100 size
- in
.bsz
* in
.offset
, &error_abort
);
5103 ret
= bdrv_create(drv
, out
.filename
, opts
, &local_err
);
5105 error_reportf_err(local_err
,
5106 "%s: error while creating output image: ",
5112 /* TODO, we can't honour --image-opts for the target,
5113 * since it needs to be given in a format compatible
5114 * with the bdrv_create() call above which does not
5115 * support image-opts style.
5117 blk2
= img_open_file(out
.filename
, NULL
, out_fmt
, BDRV_O_RDWR
,
5118 false, false, false);
5125 if (dd
.flags
& C_SKIP
&& (in
.offset
> INT64_MAX
/ in
.bsz
||
5126 size
< in
.offset
* in
.bsz
)) {
5127 /* We give a warning if the skip option is bigger than the input
5128 * size and create an empty output disk image (i.e. like dd(1)).
5130 error_report("%s: cannot skip to specified offset", in
.filename
);
5133 in_pos
= in
.offset
* in
.bsz
;
5136 in
.buf
= g_new(uint8_t, in
.bsz
);
5138 for (out_pos
= 0; in_pos
< size
; block_count
++) {
5139 int in_ret
, out_ret
;
5141 if (in_pos
+ in
.bsz
> size
) {
5142 in_ret
= blk_pread(blk1
, in_pos
, in
.buf
, size
- in_pos
);
5144 in_ret
= blk_pread(blk1
, in_pos
, in
.buf
, in
.bsz
);
5147 error_report("error while reading from input image file: %s",
5154 out_ret
= blk_pwrite(blk2
, out_pos
, in
.buf
, in_ret
, 0);
5157 error_report("error while writing to output image file: %s",
5158 strerror(-out_ret
));
5167 qemu_opts_del(opts
);
5168 qemu_opts_free(create_opts
);
5171 g_free(in
.filename
);
5172 g_free(out
.filename
);
5182 static void dump_json_block_measure_info(BlockMeasureInfo
*info
)
5186 Visitor
*v
= qobject_output_visitor_new(&obj
);
5188 visit_type_BlockMeasureInfo(v
, NULL
, &info
, &error_abort
);
5189 visit_complete(v
, &obj
);
5190 str
= qobject_to_json_pretty(obj
);
5191 assert(str
!= NULL
);
5192 printf("%s\n", qstring_get_str(str
));
5198 static int img_measure(int argc
, char **argv
)
5200 static const struct option long_options
[] = {
5201 {"help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
5202 {"image-opts", no_argument
, 0, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
},
5203 {"object", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OBJECT
},
5204 {"output", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_OUTPUT
},
5205 {"size", required_argument
, 0, OPTION_SIZE
},
5206 {"force-share", no_argument
, 0, 'U'},
5209 OutputFormat output_format
= OFORMAT_HUMAN
;
5210 BlockBackend
*in_blk
= NULL
;
5212 const char *filename
= NULL
;
5213 const char *fmt
= NULL
;
5214 const char *out_fmt
= "raw";
5215 char *options
= NULL
;
5216 char *snapshot_name
= NULL
;
5217 bool force_share
= false;
5218 QemuOpts
*opts
= NULL
;
5219 QemuOpts
*object_opts
= NULL
;
5220 QemuOpts
*sn_opts
= NULL
;
5221 QemuOptsList
*create_opts
= NULL
;
5222 bool image_opts
= false;
5223 uint64_t img_size
= UINT64_MAX
;
5224 BlockMeasureInfo
*info
= NULL
;
5225 Error
*local_err
= NULL
;
5229 while ((c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, "hf:O:o:l:U",
5230 long_options
, NULL
)) != -1) {
5243 if (accumulate_options(&options
, optarg
) < 0) {
5248 if (strstart(optarg
, SNAPSHOT_OPT_BASE
, NULL
)) {
5249 sn_opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&internal_snapshot_opts
,
5252 error_report("Failed in parsing snapshot param '%s'",
5257 snapshot_name
= optarg
;
5264 object_opts
= qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts
,
5270 case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS
:
5274 if (!strcmp(optarg
, "json")) {
5275 output_format
= OFORMAT_JSON
;
5276 } else if (!strcmp(optarg
, "human")) {
5277 output_format
= OFORMAT_HUMAN
;
5279 error_report("--output must be used with human or json "
5288 sval
= cvtnum("image size", optarg
);
5292 img_size
= (uint64_t)sval
;
5298 if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts
,
5299 user_creatable_add_opts_foreach
,
5300 qemu_img_object_print_help
, &error_fatal
)) {
5304 if (argc
- optind
> 1) {
5305 error_report("At most one filename argument is allowed.");
5307 } else if (argc
- optind
== 1) {
5308 filename
= argv
[optind
];
5311 if (!filename
&& (image_opts
|| fmt
|| snapshot_name
|| sn_opts
)) {
5312 error_report("--image-opts, -f, and -l require a filename argument.");
5315 if (filename
&& img_size
!= UINT64_MAX
) {
5316 error_report("--size N cannot be used together with a filename.");
5319 if (!filename
&& img_size
== UINT64_MAX
) {
5320 error_report("Either --size N or one filename must be specified.");
5325 in_blk
= img_open(image_opts
, filename
, fmt
, 0,
5326 false, false, force_share
);
5332 bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp(blk_bs(in_blk
),
5333 qemu_opt_get(sn_opts
, SNAPSHOT_OPT_ID
),
5334 qemu_opt_get(sn_opts
, SNAPSHOT_OPT_NAME
),
5336 } else if (snapshot_name
!= NULL
) {
5337 bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp_by_id_or_name(blk_bs(in_blk
),
5338 snapshot_name
, &local_err
);
5341 error_reportf_err(local_err
, "Failed to load snapshot: ");
5346 drv
= bdrv_find_format(out_fmt
);
5348 error_report("Unknown file format '%s'", out_fmt
);
5351 if (!drv
->create_opts
) {
5352 error_report("Format driver '%s' does not support image creation",
5357 create_opts
= qemu_opts_append(create_opts
, drv
->create_opts
);
5358 create_opts
= qemu_opts_append(create_opts
, bdrv_file
.create_opts
);
5359 opts
= qemu_opts_create(create_opts
, NULL
, 0, &error_abort
);
5361 if (!qemu_opts_do_parse(opts
, options
, NULL
, &local_err
)) {
5362 error_report_err(local_err
);
5363 error_report("Invalid options for file format '%s'", out_fmt
);
5367 if (img_size
!= UINT64_MAX
) {
5368 qemu_opt_set_number(opts
, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE
, img_size
, &error_abort
);
5371 info
= bdrv_measure(drv
, opts
, in_blk
? blk_bs(in_blk
) : NULL
, &local_err
);
5373 error_report_err(local_err
);
5377 if (output_format
== OFORMAT_HUMAN
) {
5378 printf("required size: %" PRIu64
"\n", info
->required
);
5379 printf("fully allocated size: %" PRIu64
"\n", info
->fully_allocated
);
5380 if (info
->has_bitmaps
) {
5381 printf("bitmaps size: %" PRIu64
"\n", info
->bitmaps
);
5384 dump_json_block_measure_info(info
);
5390 qapi_free_BlockMeasureInfo(info
);
5391 qemu_opts_del(object_opts
);
5392 qemu_opts_del(opts
);
5393 qemu_opts_del(sn_opts
);
5394 qemu_opts_free(create_opts
);
5400 static const img_cmd_t img_cmds
[] = {
5401 #define DEF(option, callback, arg_string) \
5402 { option, callback },
5403 #include "qemu-img-cmds.h"
5408 int main(int argc
, char **argv
)
5410 const img_cmd_t
*cmd
;
5411 const char *cmdname
;
5412 Error
*local_error
= NULL
;
5413 char *trace_file
= NULL
;
5415 static const struct option long_options
[] = {
5416 {"help", no_argument
, 0, 'h'},
5417 {"version", no_argument
, 0, 'V'},
5418 {"trace", required_argument
, NULL
, 'T'},
5423 signal(SIGPIPE
, SIG_IGN
);
5426 error_init(argv
[0]);
5427 module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_TRACE
);
5428 qemu_init_exec_dir(argv
[0]);
5430 if (qemu_init_main_loop(&local_error
)) {
5431 error_report_err(local_error
);
5435 qcrypto_init(&error_fatal
);
5437 module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_QOM
);
5440 error_exit("Not enough arguments");
5443 qemu_add_opts(&qemu_object_opts
);
5444 qemu_add_opts(&qemu_source_opts
);
5445 qemu_add_opts(&qemu_trace_opts
);
5447 while ((c
= getopt_long(argc
, argv
, "+:hVT:", long_options
, NULL
)) != -1) {
5450 missing_argument(argv
[optind
- 1]);
5453 unrecognized_option(argv
[optind
- 1]);
5459 printf(QEMU_IMG_VERSION
);
5463 trace_file
= trace_opt_parse(optarg
);
5468 cmdname
= argv
[optind
];
5470 /* reset getopt_long scanning */
5476 qemu_reset_optind();
5478 if (!trace_init_backends()) {
5481 trace_init_file(trace_file
);
5482 qemu_set_log(LOG_TRACE
);
5484 /* find the command */
5485 for (cmd
= img_cmds
; cmd
->name
!= NULL
; cmd
++) {
5486 if (!strcmp(cmdname
, cmd
->name
)) {
5487 return cmd
->handler(argc
, argv
);
5492 error_exit("Command not found: %s", cmdname
);