tests/libqtest.c

   1 /*
   2  * QTest
   3  *
   4  * Copyright IBM, Corp. 2012
   5  * Copyright Red Hat, Inc. 2012
   6  * Copyright SUSE LINUX Products GmbH 2013
   7  *
   8  * Authors:
   9  *  Anthony Liguori   <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
  10  *  Paolo Bonzini     <pbonzini@redhat.com>
  11  *  Andreas Färber    <afaerber@suse.de>
  12  *
  13  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
  14  * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
  15  *
  16  */
  17 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
  18 #include "libqtest.h"
  19
  20 #include <sys/socket.h>
  21 #include <sys/wait.h>
  22 #include <sys/un.h>
  23
  24 #include "qapi/error.h"
  25 #include "qapi/qmp/json-parser.h"
  26 #include "qapi/qmp/json-streamer.h"
  27 #include "qapi/qmp/qjson.h"
  28
  29 #define MAX_IRQ 256
  30 #define SOCKET_TIMEOUT 50
  31
  32 QTestState *global_qtest;
  33
  34 struct QTestState
  35 {
  36     int fd;
  37     int qmp_fd;
  38     bool irq_level[MAX_IRQ];
  39     GString *rx;
  40     pid_t qemu_pid;  /* our child QEMU process */
  41     bool big_endian;
  42 };
  43
  44 static GHookList abrt_hooks;
  45 static struct sigaction sigact_old;
  46
  47 #define g_assert_no_errno(ret) do { \
  48     g_assert_cmpint(ret, !=, -1); \
  49 } while (0)
  50
  51 static int qtest_query_target_endianness(QTestState *s);
  52
  53 static int init_socket(const char *socket_path)
  54 {
  55     struct sockaddr_un addr;
  56     int sock;
  57     int ret;
  58
  59     sock = socket(PF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
  60     g_assert_no_errno(sock);
  61
  62     addr.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
  63     snprintf(addr.sun_path, sizeof(addr.sun_path), "%s", socket_path);
  64     qemu_set_cloexec(sock);
  65
  66     do {
  67         ret = bind(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr));
  68     } while (ret == -1 && errno == EINTR);
  69     g_assert_no_errno(ret);
  70     ret = listen(sock, 1);
  71     g_assert_no_errno(ret);
  72
  73     return sock;
  74 }
  75
  76 static int socket_accept(int sock)
  77 {
  78     struct sockaddr_un addr;
  79     socklen_t addrlen;
  80     int ret;
  81     struct timeval timeout = { .tv_sec = SOCKET_TIMEOUT,
  82                                .tv_usec = 0 };
  83
  84     setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, (void *)&timeout,
  85                sizeof(timeout));
  86
  87     do {
  88         addrlen = sizeof(addr);
  89         ret = accept(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, &addrlen);
  90     } while (ret == -1 && errno == EINTR);
  91     if (ret == -1) {
  92         fprintf(stderr, "%s failed: %s\n", __func__, strerror(errno));
  93     }
  94     close(sock);
  95
  96     return ret;
  97 }
  98
  99 static void kill_qemu(QTestState *s)
 100 {
 101     if (s->qemu_pid != -1) {
 102         kill(s->qemu_pid, SIGTERM);
 103         waitpid(s->qemu_pid, NULL, 0);
 104     }
 105 }
 106
 107 static void kill_qemu_hook_func(void *s)
 108 {
 109     kill_qemu(s);
 110 }
 111
 112 static void sigabrt_handler(int signo)
 113 {
 114     g_hook_list_invoke(&abrt_hooks, FALSE);
 115 }
 116
 117 static void setup_sigabrt_handler(void)
 118 {
 119     struct sigaction sigact;
 120
 121     /* Catch SIGABRT to clean up on g_assert() failure */
 122     sigact = (struct sigaction){
 123         .sa_handler = sigabrt_handler,
 124         .sa_flags = SA_RESETHAND,
 125     };
 126     sigemptyset(&sigact.sa_mask);
 127     sigaction(SIGABRT, &sigact, &sigact_old);
 128 }
 129
 130 static void cleanup_sigabrt_handler(void)
 131 {
 132     sigaction(SIGABRT, &sigact_old, NULL);
 133 }
 134
 135 void qtest_add_abrt_handler(GHookFunc fn, const void *data)
 136 {
 137     GHook *hook;
 138
 139     /* Only install SIGABRT handler once */
 140     if (!abrt_hooks.is_setup) {
 141         g_hook_list_init(&abrt_hooks, sizeof(GHook));
 142     }
 143     setup_sigabrt_handler();
 144
 145     hook = g_hook_alloc(&abrt_hooks);
 146     hook->func = fn;
 147     hook->data = (void *)data;
 148
 149     g_hook_prepend(&abrt_hooks, hook);
 150 }
 151
 152 static const char *qtest_qemu_binary(void)
 153 {
 154     const char *qemu_bin;
 155
 156     qemu_bin = getenv("QTEST_QEMU_BINARY");
 157     if (!qemu_bin) {
 158         fprintf(stderr, "Environment variable QTEST_QEMU_BINARY required\n");
 159         exit(1);
 160     }
 161
 162     return qemu_bin;
 163 }
 164
 165 QTestState *qtest_init_without_qmp_handshake(const char *extra_args)
 166 {
 167     QTestState *s;
 168     int sock, qmpsock, i;
 169     gchar *socket_path;
 170     gchar *qmp_socket_path;
 171     gchar *command;
 172     const char *qemu_binary = qtest_qemu_binary();
 173
 174     s = g_new(QTestState, 1);
 175
 176     socket_path = g_strdup_printf("/tmp/qtest-%d.sock", getpid());
 177     qmp_socket_path = g_strdup_printf("/tmp/qtest-%d.qmp", getpid());
 178
 179     /* It's possible that if an earlier test run crashed it might
 180      * have left a stale unix socket lying around. Delete any
 181      * stale old socket to avoid spurious test failures with
 182      * tests/libqtest.c:70:init_socket: assertion failed (ret != -1): (-1 != -1)
 183      */
 184     unlink(socket_path);
 185     unlink(qmp_socket_path);
 186
 187     sock = init_socket(socket_path);
 188     qmpsock = init_socket(qmp_socket_path);
 189
 190     qtest_add_abrt_handler(kill_qemu_hook_func, s);
 191
 192     s->qemu_pid = fork();
 193     if (s->qemu_pid == 0) {
 194         setenv("QEMU_AUDIO_DRV", "none", true);
 195         command = g_strdup_printf("exec %s "
 196                                   "-qtest unix:%s,nowait "
 197                                   "-qtest-log %s "
 198                                   "-qmp unix:%s,nowait "
 199                                   "-machine accel=qtest "
 200                                   "-display none "
 201                                   "%s", qemu_binary, socket_path,
 202                                   getenv("QTEST_LOG") ? "/dev/fd/2" : "/dev/null",
 203                                   qmp_socket_path,
 204                                   extra_args ?: "");
 205         execlp("/bin/sh", "sh", "-c", command, NULL);
 206         exit(1);
 207     }
 208
 209     s->fd = socket_accept(sock);
 210     if (s->fd >= 0) {
 211         s->qmp_fd = socket_accept(qmpsock);
 212     }
 213     unlink(socket_path);
 214     unlink(qmp_socket_path);
 215     g_free(socket_path);
 216     g_free(qmp_socket_path);
 217
 218     g_assert(s->fd >= 0 && s->qmp_fd >= 0);
 219
 220     s->rx = g_string_new("");
 221     for (i = 0; i < MAX_IRQ; i++) {
 222         s->irq_level[i] = false;
 223     }
 224
 225     if (getenv("QTEST_STOP")) {
 226         kill(s->qemu_pid, SIGSTOP);
 227     }
 228
 229     /* ask endianness of the target */
 230
 231     s->big_endian = qtest_query_target_endianness(s);
 232
 233     return s;
 234 }
 235
 236 QTestState *qtest_init(const char *extra_args)
 237 {
 238     QTestState *s = qtest_init_without_qmp_handshake(extra_args);
 239
 240     /* Read the QMP greeting and then do the handshake */
 241     qtest_qmp_discard_response(s, "");
 242     qtest_qmp_discard_response(s, "{ 'execute': 'qmp_capabilities' }");
 243
 244     return s;
 245 }
 246
 247 void qtest_quit(QTestState *s)
 248 {
 249     g_hook_destroy_link(&abrt_hooks, g_hook_find_data(&abrt_hooks, TRUE, s));
 250
 251     /* Uninstall SIGABRT handler on last instance */
 252     cleanup_sigabrt_handler();
 253
 254     kill_qemu(s);
 255     close(s->fd);
 256     close(s->qmp_fd);
 257     g_string_free(s->rx, true);
 258     g_free(s);
 259 }
 260
 261 static void socket_send(int fd, const char *buf, size_t size)
 262 {
 263     size_t offset;
 264
 265     offset = 0;
 266     while (offset < size) {
 267         ssize_t len;
 268
 269         len = write(fd, buf + offset, size - offset);
 270         if (len == -1 && errno == EINTR) {
 271             continue;
 272         }
 273
 274         g_assert_no_errno(len);
 275         g_assert_cmpint(len, >, 0);
 276
 277         offset += len;
 278     }
 279 }
 280
 281 static void socket_sendf(int fd, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
 282 {
 283     gchar *str = g_strdup_vprintf(fmt, ap);
 284     size_t size = strlen(str);
 285
 286     socket_send(fd, str, size);
 287     g_free(str);
 288 }
 289
 290 static void GCC_FMT_ATTR(2, 3) qtest_sendf(QTestState *s, const char *fmt, ...)
 291 {
 292     va_list ap;
 293
 294     va_start(ap, fmt);
 295     socket_sendf(s->fd, fmt, ap);
 296     va_end(ap);
 297 }
 298
 299 static GString *qtest_recv_line(QTestState *s)
 300 {
 301     GString *line;
 302     size_t offset;
 303     char *eol;
 304
 305     while ((eol = strchr(s->rx->str, '\n')) == NULL) {
 306         ssize_t len;
 307         char buffer[1024];
 308
 309         len = read(s->fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
 310         if (len == -1 && errno == EINTR) {
 311             continue;
 312         }
 313
 314         if (len == -1 || len == 0) {
 315             fprintf(stderr, "Broken pipe\n");
 316             exit(1);
 317         }
 318
 319         g_string_append_len(s->rx, buffer, len);
 320     }
 321
 322     offset = eol - s->rx->str;
 323     line = g_string_new_len(s->rx->str, offset);
 324     g_string_erase(s->rx, 0, offset + 1);
 325
 326     return line;
 327 }
 328
 329 static gchar **qtest_rsp(QTestState *s, int expected_args)
 330 {
 331     GString *line;
 332     gchar **words;
 333     int i;
 334
 335 redo:
 336     line = qtest_recv_line(s);
 337     words = g_strsplit(line->str, " ", 0);
 338     g_string_free(line, TRUE);
 339
 340     if (strcmp(words[0], "IRQ") == 0) {
 341         int irq;
 342
 343         g_assert(words[1] != NULL);
 344         g_assert(words[2] != NULL);
 345
 346         irq = strtoul(words[2], NULL, 0);
 347         g_assert_cmpint(irq, >=, 0);
 348         g_assert_cmpint(irq, <, MAX_IRQ);
 349
 350         if (strcmp(words[1], "raise") == 0) {
 351             s->irq_level[irq] = true;
 352         } else {
 353             s->irq_level[irq] = false;
 354         }
 355
 356         g_strfreev(words);
 357         goto redo;
 358     }
 359
 360     g_assert(words[0] != NULL);
 361     g_assert_cmpstr(words[0], ==, "OK");
 362
 363     if (expected_args) {
 364         for (i = 0; i < expected_args; i++) {
 365             g_assert(words[i] != NULL);
 366         }
 367     } else {
 368         g_strfreev(words);
 369     }
 370
 371     return words;
 372 }
 373
 374 static int qtest_query_target_endianness(QTestState *s)
 375 {
 376     gchar **args;
 377     int big_endian;
 378
 379     qtest_sendf(s, "endianness\n");
 380     args = qtest_rsp(s, 1);
 381     g_assert(strcmp(args[1], "big") == 0 || strcmp(args[1], "little") == 0);
 382     big_endian = strcmp(args[1], "big") == 0;
 383     g_strfreev(args);
 384
 385     return big_endian;
 386 }
 387
 388 typedef struct {
 389     JSONMessageParser parser;
 390     QDict *response;
 391 } QMPResponseParser;
 392
 393 static void qmp_response(JSONMessageParser *parser, GQueue *tokens)
 394 {
 395     QMPResponseParser *qmp = container_of(parser, QMPResponseParser, parser);
 396     QObject *obj;
 397
 398     obj = json_parser_parse(tokens, NULL);
 399     if (!obj) {
 400         fprintf(stderr, "QMP JSON response parsing failed\n");
 401         exit(1);
 402     }
 403
 404     g_assert(!qmp->response);
 405     qmp->response = qobject_to_qdict(obj);
 406     g_assert(qmp->response);
 407 }
 408
 409 QDict *qmp_fd_receive(int fd)
 410 {
 411     QMPResponseParser qmp;
 412     bool log = getenv("QTEST_LOG") != NULL;
 413
 414     qmp.response = NULL;
 415     json_message_parser_init(&qmp.parser, qmp_response);
 416     while (!qmp.response) {
 417         ssize_t len;
 418         char c;
 419
 420         len = read(fd, &c, 1);
 421         if (len == -1 && errno == EINTR) {
 422             continue;
 423         }
 424
 425         if (len == -1 || len == 0) {
 426             fprintf(stderr, "Broken pipe\n");
 427             exit(1);
 428         }
 429
 430         if (log) {
 431             len = write(2, &c, 1);
 432         }
 433         json_message_parser_feed(&qmp.parser, &c, 1);
 434     }
 435     json_message_parser_destroy(&qmp.parser);
 436
 437     return qmp.response;
 438 }
 439
 440 QDict *qtest_qmp_receive(QTestState *s)
 441 {
 442     return qmp_fd_receive(s->qmp_fd);
 443 }
 444
 445 /**
 446  * Allow users to send a message without waiting for the reply,
 447  * in the case that they choose to discard all replies up until
 448  * a particular EVENT is received.
 449  */
 450 void qmp_fd_sendv(int fd, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
 451 {
 452     va_list ap_copy;
 453     QObject *qobj;
 454
 455     /* qobject_from_jsonv() silently eats leading 0xff as invalid
 456      * JSON, but we want to test sending them over the wire to force
 457      * resyncs */
 458     if (*fmt == '\377') {
 459         socket_send(fd, fmt, 1);
 460         fmt++;
 461     }
 462
 463     /* Going through qobject ensures we escape strings properly.
 464      * This seemingly unnecessary copy is required in case va_list
 465      * is an array type.
 466      */
 467     va_copy(ap_copy, ap);
 468     qobj = qobject_from_jsonv(fmt, &ap_copy, &error_abort);
 469     va_end(ap_copy);
 470
 471     /* No need to send anything for an empty QObject.  */
 472     if (qobj) {
 473         int log = getenv("QTEST_LOG") != NULL;
 474         QString *qstr = qobject_to_json(qobj);
 475         const char *str;
 476
 477         /*
 478          * BUG: QMP doesn't react to input until it sees a newline, an
 479          * object, or an array.  Work-around: give it a newline.
 480          */
 481         qstring_append_chr(qstr, '\n');
 482         str = qstring_get_str(qstr);
 483
 484         if (log) {
 485             fprintf(stderr, "%s", str);
 486         }
 487         /* Send QMP request */
 488         socket_send(fd, str, qstring_get_length(qstr));
 489
 490         QDECREF(qstr);
 491         qobject_decref(qobj);
 492     }
 493 }
 494
 495 void qtest_async_qmpv(QTestState *s, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
 496 {
 497     qmp_fd_sendv(s->qmp_fd, fmt, ap);
 498 }
 499
 500 QDict *qmp_fdv(int fd, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
 501 {
 502     qmp_fd_sendv(fd, fmt, ap);
 503
 504     return qmp_fd_receive(fd);
 505 }
 506
 507 QDict *qtest_qmpv(QTestState *s, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
 508 {
 509     qtest_async_qmpv(s, fmt, ap);
 510
 511     /* Receive reply */
 512     return qtest_qmp_receive(s);
 513 }
 514
 515 QDict *qmp_fd(int fd, const char *fmt, ...)
 516 {
 517     va_list ap;
 518     QDict *response;
 519
 520     va_start(ap, fmt);
 521     response = qmp_fdv(fd, fmt, ap);
 522     va_end(ap);
 523     return response;
 524 }
 525
 526 void qmp_fd_send(int fd, const char *fmt, ...)
 527 {
 528     va_list ap;
 529
 530     va_start(ap, fmt);
 531     qmp_fd_sendv(fd, fmt, ap);
 532     va_end(ap);
 533 }
 534
 535 QDict *qtest_qmp(QTestState *s, const char *fmt, ...)
 536 {
 537     va_list ap;
 538     QDict *response;
 539
 540     va_start(ap, fmt);
 541     response = qtest_qmpv(s, fmt, ap);
 542     va_end(ap);
 543     return response;
 544 }
 545
 546 void qtest_async_qmp(QTestState *s, const char *fmt, ...)
 547 {
 548     va_list ap;
 549
 550     va_start(ap, fmt);
 551     qtest_async_qmpv(s, fmt, ap);
 552     va_end(ap);
 553 }
 554
 555 void qtest_qmpv_discard_response(QTestState *s, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
 556 {
 557     QDict *response = qtest_qmpv(s, fmt, ap);
 558     QDECREF(response);
 559 }
 560
 561 void qtest_qmp_discard_response(QTestState *s, const char *fmt, ...)
 562 {
 563     va_list ap;
 564     QDict *response;
 565
 566     va_start(ap, fmt);
 567     response = qtest_qmpv(s, fmt, ap);
 568     va_end(ap);
 569     QDECREF(response);
 570 }
 571
 572 QDict *qtest_qmp_eventwait_ref(QTestState *s, const char *event)
 573 {
 574     QDict *response;
 575
 576     for (;;) {
 577         response = qtest_qmp_receive(s);
 578         if ((qdict_haskey(response, "event")) &&
 579             (strcmp(qdict_get_str(response, "event"), event) == 0)) {
 580             return response;
 581         }
 582         QDECREF(response);
 583     }
 584 }
 585
 586 void qtest_qmp_eventwait(QTestState *s, const char *event)
 587 {
 588     QDict *response;
 589
 590     response = qtest_qmp_eventwait_ref(s, event);
 591     QDECREF(response);
 592 }
 593
 594 char *qtest_hmpv(QTestState *s, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
 595 {
 596     char *cmd;
 597     QDict *resp;
 598     char *ret;
 599
 600     cmd = g_strdup_vprintf(fmt, ap);
 601     resp = qtest_qmp(s, "{'execute': 'human-monitor-command',"
 602                      " 'arguments': {'command-line': %s}}",
 603                      cmd);
 604     ret = g_strdup(qdict_get_try_str(resp, "return"));
 605     while (ret == NULL && qdict_get_try_str(resp, "event")) {
 606         /* Ignore asynchronous QMP events */
 607         QDECREF(resp);
 608         resp = qtest_qmp_receive(s);
 609         ret = g_strdup(qdict_get_try_str(resp, "return"));
 610     }
 611     g_assert(ret);
 612     QDECREF(resp);
 613     g_free(cmd);
 614     return ret;
 615 }
 616
 617 char *qtest_hmp(QTestState *s, const char *fmt, ...)
 618 {
 619     va_list ap;
 620     char *ret;
 621
 622     va_start(ap, fmt);
 623     ret = qtest_hmpv(s, fmt, ap);
 624     va_end(ap);
 625     return ret;
 626 }
 627
 628 const char *qtest_get_arch(void)
 629 {
 630     const char *qemu = qtest_qemu_binary();
 631     const char *end = strrchr(qemu, '/');
 632
 633     return end + strlen("/qemu-system-");
 634 }
 635
 636 bool qtest_get_irq(QTestState *s, int num)
 637 {
 638     /* dummy operation in order to make sure irq is up to date */
 639     qtest_inb(s, 0);
 640
 641     return s->irq_level[num];
 642 }
 643
 644 static int64_t qtest_clock_rsp(QTestState *s)
 645 {
 646     gchar **words;
 647     int64_t clock;
 648     words = qtest_rsp(s, 2);
 649     clock = g_ascii_strtoll(words[1], NULL, 0);
 650     g_strfreev(words);
 651     return clock;
 652 }
 653
 654 int64_t qtest_clock_step_next(QTestState *s)
 655 {
 656     qtest_sendf(s, "clock_step\n");
 657     return qtest_clock_rsp(s);
 658 }
 659
 660 int64_t qtest_clock_step(QTestState *s, int64_t step)
 661 {
 662     qtest_sendf(s, "clock_step %"PRIi64"\n", step);
 663     return qtest_clock_rsp(s);
 664 }
 665
 666 int64_t qtest_clock_set(QTestState *s, int64_t val)
 667 {
 668     qtest_sendf(s, "clock_set %"PRIi64"\n", val);
 669     return qtest_clock_rsp(s);
 670 }
 671
 672 void qtest_irq_intercept_out(QTestState *s, const char *qom_path)
 673 {
 674     qtest_sendf(s, "irq_intercept_out %s\n", qom_path);
 675     qtest_rsp(s, 0);
 676 }
 677
 678 void qtest_irq_intercept_in(QTestState *s, const char *qom_path)
 679 {
 680     qtest_sendf(s, "irq_intercept_in %s\n", qom_path);
 681     qtest_rsp(s, 0);
 682 }
 683
 684 static void qtest_out(QTestState *s, const char *cmd, uint16_t addr, uint32_t value)
 685 {
 686     qtest_sendf(s, "%s 0x%x 0x%x\n", cmd, addr, value);
 687     qtest_rsp(s, 0);
 688 }
 689
 690 void qtest_outb(QTestState *s, uint16_t addr, uint8_t value)
 691 {
 692     qtest_out(s, "outb", addr, value);
 693 }
 694
 695 void qtest_outw(QTestState *s, uint16_t addr, uint16_t value)
 696 {
 697     qtest_out(s, "outw", addr, value);
 698 }
 699
 700 void qtest_outl(QTestState *s, uint16_t addr, uint32_t value)
 701 {
 702     qtest_out(s, "outl", addr, value);
 703 }
 704
 705 static uint32_t qtest_in(QTestState *s, const char *cmd, uint16_t addr)
 706 {
 707     gchar **args;
 708     uint32_t value;
 709
 710     qtest_sendf(s, "%s 0x%x\n", cmd, addr);
 711     args = qtest_rsp(s, 2);
 712     value = strtoul(args[1], NULL, 0);
 713     g_strfreev(args);
 714
 715     return value;
 716 }
 717
 718 uint8_t qtest_inb(QTestState *s, uint16_t addr)
 719 {
 720     return qtest_in(s, "inb", addr);
 721 }
 722
 723 uint16_t qtest_inw(QTestState *s, uint16_t addr)
 724 {
 725     return qtest_in(s, "inw", addr);
 726 }
 727
 728 uint32_t qtest_inl(QTestState *s, uint16_t addr)
 729 {
 730     return qtest_in(s, "inl", addr);
 731 }
 732
 733 static void qtest_write(QTestState *s, const char *cmd, uint64_t addr,
 734                         uint64_t value)
 735 {
 736     qtest_sendf(s, "%s 0x%" PRIx64 " 0x%" PRIx64 "\n", cmd, addr, value);
 737     qtest_rsp(s, 0);
 738 }
 739
 740 void qtest_writeb(QTestState *s, uint64_t addr, uint8_t value)
 741 {
 742     qtest_write(s, "writeb", addr, value);
 743 }
 744
 745 void qtest_writew(QTestState *s, uint64_t addr, uint16_t value)
 746 {
 747     qtest_write(s, "writew", addr, value);
 748 }
 749
 750 void qtest_writel(QTestState *s, uint64_t addr, uint32_t value)
 751 {
 752     qtest_write(s, "writel", addr, value);
 753 }
 754
 755 void qtest_writeq(QTestState *s, uint64_t addr, uint64_t value)
 756 {
 757     qtest_write(s, "writeq", addr, value);
 758 }
 759
 760 static uint64_t qtest_read(QTestState *s, const char *cmd, uint64_t addr)
 761 {
 762     gchar **args;
 763     uint64_t value;
 764
 765     qtest_sendf(s, "%s 0x%" PRIx64 "\n", cmd, addr);
 766     args = qtest_rsp(s, 2);
 767     value = strtoull(args[1], NULL, 0);
 768     g_strfreev(args);
 769
 770     return value;
 771 }
 772
 773 uint8_t qtest_readb(QTestState *s, uint64_t addr)
 774 {
 775     return qtest_read(s, "readb", addr);
 776 }
 777
 778 uint16_t qtest_readw(QTestState *s, uint64_t addr)
 779 {
 780     return qtest_read(s, "readw", addr);
 781 }
 782
 783 uint32_t qtest_readl(QTestState *s, uint64_t addr)
 784 {
 785     return qtest_read(s, "readl", addr);
 786 }
 787
 788 uint64_t qtest_readq(QTestState *s, uint64_t addr)
 789 {
 790     return qtest_read(s, "readq", addr);
 791 }
 792
 793 static int hex2nib(char ch)
 794 {
 795     if (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9') {
 796         return ch - '0';
 797     } else if (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'f') {
 798         return 10 + (ch - 'a');
 799     } else if (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'F') {
 800         return 10 + (ch - 'a');
 801     } else {
 802         return -1;
 803     }
 804 }
 805
 806 void qtest_memread(QTestState *s, uint64_t addr, void *data, size_t size)
 807 {
 808     uint8_t *ptr = data;
 809     gchar **args;
 810     size_t i;
 811
 812     if (!size) {
 813         return;
 814     }
 815
 816     qtest_sendf(s, "read 0x%" PRIx64 " 0x%zx\n", addr, size);
 817     args = qtest_rsp(s, 2);
 818
 819     for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
 820         ptr[i] = hex2nib(args[1][2 + (i * 2)]) << 4;
 821         ptr[i] |= hex2nib(args[1][2 + (i * 2) + 1]);
 822     }
 823
 824     g_strfreev(args);
 825 }
 826
 827 uint64_t qtest_rtas_call(QTestState *s, const char *name,
 828                          uint32_t nargs, uint64_t args,
 829                          uint32_t nret, uint64_t ret)
 830 {
 831     qtest_sendf(s, "rtas %s %u 0x%"PRIx64" %u 0x%"PRIx64"\n",
 832                 name, nargs, args, nret, ret);
 833     qtest_rsp(s, 0);
 834     return 0;
 835 }
 836
 837 void qtest_add_func(const char *str, void (*fn)(void))
 838 {
 839     gchar *path = g_strdup_printf("/%s/%s", qtest_get_arch(), str);
 840     g_test_add_func(path, fn);
 841     g_free(path);
 842 }
 843
 844 void qtest_add_data_func_full(const char *str, void *data,
 845                               void (*fn)(const void *),
 846                               GDestroyNotify data_free_func)
 847 {
 848     gchar *path = g_strdup_printf("/%s/%s", qtest_get_arch(), str);
 849     g_test_add_data_func_full(path, data, fn, data_free_func);
 850     g_free(path);
 851 }
 852
 853 void qtest_add_data_func(const char *str, const void *data,
 854                          void (*fn)(const void *))
 855 {
 856     gchar *path = g_strdup_printf("/%s/%s", qtest_get_arch(), str);
 857     g_test_add_data_func(path, data, fn);
 858     g_free(path);
 859 }
 860
 861 void qtest_bufwrite(QTestState *s, uint64_t addr, const void *data, size_t size)
 862 {
 863     gchar *bdata;
 864
 865     bdata = g_base64_encode(data, size);
 866     qtest_sendf(s, "b64write 0x%" PRIx64 " 0x%zx ", addr, size);
 867     socket_send(s->fd, bdata, strlen(bdata));
 868     socket_send(s->fd, "\n", 1);
 869     qtest_rsp(s, 0);
 870     g_free(bdata);
 871 }
 872
 873 void qtest_bufread(QTestState *s, uint64_t addr, void *data, size_t size)
 874 {
 875     gchar **args;
 876     size_t len;
 877
 878     qtest_sendf(s, "b64read 0x%" PRIx64 " 0x%zx\n", addr, size);
 879     args = qtest_rsp(s, 2);
 880
 881     g_base64_decode_inplace(args[1], &len);
 882     if (size != len) {
 883         fprintf(stderr, "bufread: asked for %zu bytes but decoded %zu\n",
 884                 size, len);
 885         len = MIN(len, size);
 886     }
 887
 888     memcpy(data, args[1], len);
 889     g_strfreev(args);
 890 }
 891
 892 void qtest_memwrite(QTestState *s, uint64_t addr, const void *data, size_t size)
 893 {
 894     const uint8_t *ptr = data;
 895     size_t i;
 896     char *enc;
 897
 898     if (!size) {
 899         return;
 900     }
 901
 902     enc = g_malloc(2 * size + 1);
 903
 904     for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
 905         sprintf(&enc[i * 2], "%02x", ptr[i]);
 906     }
 907
 908     qtest_sendf(s, "write 0x%" PRIx64 " 0x%zx 0x%s\n", addr, size, enc);
 909     qtest_rsp(s, 0);
 910     g_free(enc);
 911 }
 912
 913 void qtest_memset(QTestState *s, uint64_t addr, uint8_t pattern, size_t size)
 914 {
 915     qtest_sendf(s, "memset 0x%" PRIx64 " 0x%zx 0x%02x\n", addr, size, pattern);
 916     qtest_rsp(s, 0);
 917 }
 918
 919 QDict *qmp(const char *fmt, ...)
 920 {
 921     va_list ap;
 922     QDict *response;
 923
 924     va_start(ap, fmt);
 925     response = qtest_qmpv(global_qtest, fmt, ap);
 926     va_end(ap);
 927     return response;
 928 }
 929
 930 void qmp_async(const char *fmt, ...)
 931 {
 932     va_list ap;
 933
 934     va_start(ap, fmt);
 935     qtest_async_qmpv(global_qtest, fmt, ap);
 936     va_end(ap);
 937 }
 938
 939 void qmp_discard_response(const char *fmt, ...)
 940 {
 941     va_list ap;
 942
 943     va_start(ap, fmt);
 944     qtest_qmpv_discard_response(global_qtest, fmt, ap);
 945     va_end(ap);
 946 }
 947 char *hmp(const char *fmt, ...)
 948 {
 949     va_list ap;
 950     char *ret;
 951
 952     va_start(ap, fmt);
 953     ret = qtest_hmpv(global_qtest, fmt, ap);
 954     va_end(ap);
 955     return ret;
 956 }
 957
 958 bool qtest_big_endian(QTestState *s)
 959 {
 960     return s->big_endian;
 961 }
 962
 963 void qtest_cb_for_every_machine(void (*cb)(const char *machine))
 964 {
 965     QDict *response, *minfo;
 966     QList *list;
 967     const QListEntry *p;
 968     QObject *qobj;
 969     QString *qstr;
 970     const char *mname;
 971
 972     qtest_start("-machine none");
 973     response = qmp("{ 'execute': 'query-machines' }");
 974     g_assert(response);
 975     list = qdict_get_qlist(response, "return");
 976     g_assert(list);
 977
 978     for (p = qlist_first(list); p; p = qlist_next(p)) {
 979         minfo = qobject_to_qdict(qlist_entry_obj(p));
 980         g_assert(minfo);
 981         qobj = qdict_get(minfo, "name");
 982         g_assert(qobj);
 983         qstr = qobject_to_qstring(qobj);
 984         g_assert(qstr);
 985         mname = qstring_get_str(qstr);
 986         cb(mname);
 987     }
 988
 989     qtest_end();
 990     QDECREF(response);
 991 }
 992
 993 /*
 994  * Generic hot-plugging test via the device_add QMP command.
 995  */
 996 void qtest_qmp_device_add(const char *driver, const char *id, const char *fmt,
 997                           ...)
 998 {
 999     QDict *response;
1000     char *cmd, *opts = NULL;
1001     va_list va;
1002
1003     if (fmt) {
1004         va_start(va, fmt);
1005         opts = g_strdup_vprintf(fmt, va);
1006         va_end(va);
1007     }
1008
1009     cmd = g_strdup_printf("{'execute': 'device_add',"
1010                           " 'arguments': { 'driver': '%s', 'id': '%s'%s%s }}",
1011                           driver, id, opts ? ", " : "", opts ? opts : "");
1012     g_free(opts);
1013
1014     response = qmp(cmd);
1015     g_free(cmd);
1016     g_assert(response);
1017     g_assert(!qdict_haskey(response, "event")); /* We don't expect any events */
1018     g_assert(!qdict_haskey(response, "error"));
1019     QDECREF(response);
1020 }
1021
1022 /*
1023  * Generic hot-unplugging test via the device_del QMP command.
1024  * Device deletion will get one response and one event. For example:
1025  *
1026  * {'execute': 'device_del','arguments': { 'id': 'scsi-hd'}}
1027  *
1028  * will get this one:
1029  *
1030  * {"timestamp": {"seconds": 1505289667, "microseconds": 569862},
1031  *  "event": "DEVICE_DELETED", "data": {"device": "scsi-hd",
1032  *  "path": "/machine/peripheral/scsi-hd"}}
1033  *
1034  * and this one:
1035  *
1036  * {"return": {}}
1037  *
1038  * But the order of arrival may vary - so we've got to detect both.
1039  */
1040 void qtest_qmp_device_del(const char *id)
1041 {
1042     QDict *response1, *response2, *event = NULL;
1043     char *cmd;
1044
1045     cmd = g_strdup_printf("{'execute': 'device_del',"
1046                           " 'arguments': { 'id': '%s' }}", id);
1047     response1 = qmp(cmd);
1048     g_free(cmd);
1049     g_assert(response1);
1050     g_assert(!qdict_haskey(response1, "error"));
1051
1052     response2 = qmp("");
1053     g_assert(response2);
1054     g_assert(!qdict_haskey(response2, "error"));
1055
1056     if (qdict_haskey(response1, "event")) {
1057         event = response1;
1058     } else if (qdict_haskey(response2, "event")) {
1059         event = response2;
1060     }
1061     g_assert(event);
1062     g_assert_cmpstr(qdict_get_str(event, "event"), ==, "DEVICE_DELETED");
1063
1064     QDECREF(response1);
1065     QDECREF(response2);
1066 }