qemu-io.c

   1 /*
   2  * Command line utility to exercise the QEMU I/O path.
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 2009 Red Hat, Inc.
   5  * Copyright (c) 2003-2005 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
   6  *
   7  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
   8  * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
   9  */
  10 #include <sys/time.h>
  11 #include <sys/types.h>
  12 #include <stdarg.h>
  13 #include <stdio.h>
  14 #include <getopt.h>
  15 #include <libgen.h>
  16
  17 #include "qemu-common.h"
  18 #include "block_int.h"
  19 #include "cmd.h"
  20
  21 #define VERSION "0.0.1"
  22
  23 #define CMD_NOFILE_OK   0x01
  24
  25 char *progname;
  26 static BlockDriverState *bs;
  27
  28 static int misalign;
  29
  30 /*
  31  * Parse the pattern argument to various sub-commands.
  32  *
  33  * Because the pattern is used as an argument to memset it must evaluate
  34  * to an unsigned integer that fits into a single byte.
  35  */
  36 static int parse_pattern(const char *arg)
  37 {
  38         char *endptr = NULL;
  39         long pattern;
  40
  41         pattern = strtol(arg, &endptr, 0);
  42         if (pattern < 0 || pattern > UCHAR_MAX || *endptr != '\0') {
  43                 printf("%s is not a valid pattern byte\n", arg);
  44                 return -1;
  45         }
  46
  47         return pattern;
  48 }
  49
  50 /*
  51  * Memory allocation helpers.
  52  *
  53  * Make sure memory is aligned by default, or purposefully misaligned if
  54  * that is specified on the command line.
  55  */
  56
  57 #define MISALIGN_OFFSET         16
  58 static void *qemu_io_alloc(size_t len, int pattern)
  59 {
  60         void *buf;
  61
  62         if (misalign)
  63                 len += MISALIGN_OFFSET;
  64         buf = qemu_memalign(512, len);
  65         memset(buf, pattern, len);
  66         if (misalign)
  67                 buf += MISALIGN_OFFSET;
  68         return buf;
  69 }
  70
  71 static void qemu_io_free(void *p)
  72 {
  73         if (misalign)
  74                 p -= MISALIGN_OFFSET;
  75         qemu_vfree(p);
  76 }
  77
  78 static void
  79 dump_buffer(const void *buffer, int64_t offset, int len)
  80 {
  81         int i, j;
  82         const uint8_t *p;
  83
  84         for (i = 0, p = buffer; i < len; i += 16) {
  85                 const uint8_t *s = p;
  86
  87                 printf("%08llx:  ", (unsigned long long)offset + i);
  88                 for (j = 0; j < 16 && i + j < len; j++, p++)
  89                         printf("%02x ", *p);
  90                 printf(" ");
  91                 for (j = 0; j < 16 && i + j < len; j++, s++) {
  92                         if (isalnum(*s))
  93                                 printf("%c", *s);
  94                         else
  95                                 printf(".");
  96                 }
  97                 printf("\n");
  98         }
  99 }
 100
 101 static void
 102 print_report(const char *op, struct timeval *t, int64_t offset,
 103                 int count, int total, int cnt, int Cflag)
 104 {
 105         char s1[64], s2[64], ts[64];
 106
 107         timestr(t, ts, sizeof(ts), Cflag ? VERBOSE_FIXED_TIME : 0);
 108         if (!Cflag) {
 109                 cvtstr((double)total, s1, sizeof(s1));
 110                 cvtstr(tdiv((double)total, *t), s2, sizeof(s2));
 111                 printf("%s %d/%d bytes at offset %lld\n",
 112                         op, total, count, (long long)offset);
 113                 printf("%s, %d ops; %s (%s/sec and %.4f ops/sec)\n",
 114                         s1, cnt, ts, s2, tdiv((double)cnt, *t));
 115         } else {/* bytes,ops,time,bytes/sec,ops/sec */
 116                 printf("%d,%d,%s,%.3f,%.3f\n",
 117                         total, cnt, ts,
 118                         tdiv((double)total, *t),
 119                         tdiv((double)cnt, *t));
 120         }
 121 }
 122
 123 /*
 124  * Parse multiple length statements for vectored I/O, and construct an I/O
 125  * vector matching it.
 126  */
 127 static void *
 128 create_iovec(QEMUIOVector *qiov, char **argv, int nr_iov, int pattern)
 129 {
 130         size_t *sizes = calloc(nr_iov, sizeof(size_t));
 131         size_t count = 0;
 132         void *buf = NULL;
 133         void *p;
 134         int i;
 135
 136         for (i = 0; i < nr_iov; i++) {
 137                 char *arg = argv[i];
 138                 long long len;
 139
 140                 len = cvtnum(arg);
 141                 if (len < 0) {
 142                         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", arg);
 143                         goto fail;
 144                 }
 145
 146                 /* should be SIZE_T_MAX, but that doesn't exist */
 147                 if (len > UINT_MAX) {
 148                         printf("too large length argument -- %s\n", arg);
 149                         goto fail;
 150                 }
 151
 152                 if (len & 0x1ff) {
 153                         printf("length argument %lld is not sector aligned\n",
 154                                 len);
 155                         goto fail;
 156                 }
 157
 158                 sizes[i] = len;
 159                 count += len;
 160         }
 161
 162         qemu_iovec_init(qiov, nr_iov);
 163
 164         buf = p = qemu_io_alloc(count, pattern);
 165
 166         for (i = 0; i < nr_iov; i++) {
 167                 qemu_iovec_add(qiov, p, sizes[i]);
 168                 p += sizes[i];
 169         }
 170
 171 fail:
 172         free(sizes);
 173         return buf;
 174 }
 175
 176 static int do_read(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
 177 {
 178         int ret;
 179
 180         ret = bdrv_read(bs, offset >> 9, (uint8_t *)buf, count >> 9);
 181         if (ret < 0)
 182                 return ret;
 183         *total = count;
 184         return 1;
 185 }
 186
 187 static int do_write(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
 188 {
 189         int ret;
 190
 191         ret = bdrv_write(bs, offset >> 9, (uint8_t *)buf, count >> 9);
 192         if (ret < 0)
 193                 return ret;
 194         *total = count;
 195         return 1;
 196 }
 197
 198 static int do_pread(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
 199 {
 200         *total = bdrv_pread(bs, offset, (uint8_t *)buf, count);
 201         if (*total < 0)
 202                 return *total;
 203         return 1;
 204 }
 205
 206 static int do_pwrite(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
 207 {
 208         *total = bdrv_pwrite(bs, offset, (uint8_t *)buf, count);
 209         if (*total < 0)
 210                 return *total;
 211         return 1;
 212 }
 213
 214 static int do_load_vmstate(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
 215 {
 216         *total = bdrv_load_vmstate(bs, (uint8_t *)buf, offset, count);
 217         if (*total < 0)
 218                 return *total;
 219         return 1;
 220 }
 221
 222 static int do_save_vmstate(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
 223 {
 224         *total = bdrv_save_vmstate(bs, (uint8_t *)buf, offset, count);
 225         if (*total < 0)
 226                 return *total;
 227         return 1;
 228 }
 229
 230 #define NOT_DONE 0x7fffffff
 231 static void aio_rw_done(void *opaque, int ret)
 232 {
 233         *(int *)opaque = ret;
 234 }
 235
 236 static int do_aio_readv(QEMUIOVector *qiov, int64_t offset, int *total)
 237 {
 238         BlockDriverAIOCB *acb;
 239         int async_ret = NOT_DONE;
 240
 241         acb = bdrv_aio_readv(bs, offset >> 9, qiov, qiov->size >> 9,
 242                              aio_rw_done, &async_ret);
 243         if (!acb)
 244                 return -EIO;
 245
 246         while (async_ret == NOT_DONE)
 247                 qemu_aio_wait();
 248
 249         *total = qiov->size;
 250         return async_ret < 0 ? async_ret : 1;
 251 }
 252
 253 static int do_aio_writev(QEMUIOVector *qiov, int64_t offset, int *total)
 254 {
 255         BlockDriverAIOCB *acb;
 256         int async_ret = NOT_DONE;
 257
 258         acb = bdrv_aio_writev(bs, offset >> 9, qiov, qiov->size >> 9,
 259                               aio_rw_done, &async_ret);
 260         if (!acb)
 261                 return -EIO;
 262
 263         while (async_ret == NOT_DONE)
 264                 qemu_aio_wait();
 265
 266         *total = qiov->size;
 267         return async_ret < 0 ? async_ret : 1;
 268 }
 269
 270
 271 static void
 272 read_help(void)
 273 {
 274         printf(
 275 "\n"
 276 " reads a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
 277 "\n"
 278 " Example:\n"
 279 " 'read -v 512 1k' - dumps 1 kilobyte read from 512 bytes into the file\n"
 280 "\n"
 281 " Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
 282 " standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
 283 " -b, -- read from the VM state rather than the virtual disk\n"
 284 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
 285 " -l, -- length for pattern verification (only with -P)\n"
 286 " -p, -- use bdrv_pread to read the file\n"
 287 " -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n"
 288 " -q, -- quite mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
 289 " -s, -- start offset for pattern verification (only with -P)\n"
 290 " -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n"
 291 "\n");
 292 }
 293
 294 static int read_f(int argc, char **argv);
 295
 296 static const cmdinfo_t read_cmd = {
 297         .name           = "read",
 298         .altname        = "r",
 299         .cfunc          = read_f,
 300         .argmin         = 2,
 301         .argmax         = -1,
 302         .args           = "[-abCpqv] [-P pattern [-s off] [-l len]] off len",
 303         .oneline        = "reads a number of bytes at a specified offset",
 304         .help           = read_help,
 305 };
 306
 307 static int
 308 read_f(int argc, char **argv)
 309 {
 310         struct timeval t1, t2;
 311         int Cflag = 0, pflag = 0, qflag = 0, vflag = 0;
 312         int Pflag = 0, sflag = 0, lflag = 0, bflag = 0;
 313         int c, cnt;
 314         char *buf;
 315         int64_t offset;
 316         int count;
 317         /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized.  */
 318         int total = 0;
 319         int pattern = 0, pattern_offset = 0, pattern_count = 0;
 320
 321         while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "bCl:pP:qs:v")) != EOF) {
 322                 switch (c) {
 323                 case 'b':
 324                         bflag = 1;
 325                         break;
 326                 case 'C':
 327                         Cflag = 1;
 328                         break;
 329                 case 'l':
 330                         lflag = 1;
 331                         pattern_count = cvtnum(optarg);
 332                         if (pattern_count < 0) {
 333                                 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", optarg);
 334                                 return 0;
 335                         }
 336                         break;
 337                 case 'p':
 338                         pflag = 1;
 339                         break;
 340                 case 'P':
 341                         Pflag = 1;
 342                         pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
 343                         if (pattern < 0)
 344                                 return 0;
 345                         break;
 346                 case 'q':
 347                         qflag = 1;
 348                         break;
 349                 case 's':
 350                         sflag = 1;
 351                         pattern_offset = cvtnum(optarg);
 352                         if (pattern_offset < 0) {
 353                                 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", optarg);
 354                                 return 0;
 355                         }
 356                         break;
 357                 case 'v':
 358                         vflag = 1;
 359                         break;
 360                 default:
 361                         return command_usage(&read_cmd);
 362                 }
 363         }
 364
 365         if (optind != argc - 2)
 366                 return command_usage(&read_cmd);
 367
 368         if (bflag && pflag) {
 369                 printf("-b and -p cannot be specified at the same time\n");
 370                 return 0;
 371         }
 372
 373         offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
 374         if (offset < 0) {
 375                 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
 376                 return 0;
 377         }
 378
 379         optind++;
 380         count = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
 381         if (count < 0) {
 382                 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
 383                 return 0;
 384         }
 385
 386     if (!Pflag && (lflag || sflag)) {
 387         return command_usage(&read_cmd);
 388     }
 389
 390     if (!lflag) {
 391         pattern_count = count - pattern_offset;
 392     }
 393
 394     if ((pattern_count < 0) || (pattern_count + pattern_offset > count))  {
 395         printf("pattern verfication range exceeds end of read data\n");
 396         return 0;
 397     }
 398
 399         if (!pflag)
 400                 if (offset & 0x1ff) {
 401                         printf("offset %lld is not sector aligned\n",
 402                                 (long long)offset);
 403                         return 0;
 404
 405                 if (count & 0x1ff) {
 406                         printf("count %d is not sector aligned\n",
 407                                 count);
 408                         return 0;
 409                 }
 410         }
 411
 412         buf = qemu_io_alloc(count, 0xab);
 413
 414         gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
 415         if (pflag)
 416                 cnt = do_pread(buf, offset, count, &total);
 417         else if (bflag)
 418                 cnt = do_load_vmstate(buf, offset, count, &total);
 419         else
 420                 cnt = do_read(buf, offset, count, &total);
 421         gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
 422
 423         if (cnt < 0) {
 424                 printf("read failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
 425                 goto out;
 426         }
 427
 428         if (Pflag) {
 429                 void* cmp_buf = malloc(pattern_count);
 430                 memset(cmp_buf, pattern, pattern_count);
 431                 if (memcmp(buf + pattern_offset, cmp_buf, pattern_count)) {
 432                         printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %lld, "
 433                                 "%d bytes\n",
 434                                 (long long) offset + pattern_offset, pattern_count);
 435                 }
 436                 free(cmp_buf);
 437         }
 438
 439         if (qflag)
 440                 goto out;
 441
 442         if (vflag)
 443                 dump_buffer(buf, offset, count);
 444
 445         /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
 446         t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
 447         print_report("read", &t2, offset, count, total, cnt, Cflag);
 448
 449 out:
 450         qemu_io_free(buf);
 451
 452         return 0;
 453 }
 454
 455 static void
 456 readv_help(void)
 457 {
 458         printf(
 459 "\n"
 460 " reads a range of bytes from the given offset into multiple buffers\n"
 461 "\n"
 462 " Example:\n"
 463 " 'readv -v 512 1k 1k ' - dumps 2 kilobytes read from 512 bytes into the file\n"
 464 "\n"
 465 " Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
 466 " standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
 467 " Uses multiple iovec buffers if more than one byte range is specified.\n"
 468 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
 469 " -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n"
 470 " -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n"
 471 " -q, -- quite mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
 472 "\n");
 473 }
 474
 475 static int readv_f(int argc, char **argv);
 476
 477 static const cmdinfo_t readv_cmd = {
 478         .name           = "readv",
 479         .cfunc          = readv_f,
 480         .argmin         = 2,
 481         .argmax         = -1,
 482         .args           = "[-Cqv] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
 483         .oneline        = "reads a number of bytes at a specified offset",
 484         .help           = readv_help,
 485 };
 486
 487 static int
 488 readv_f(int argc, char **argv)
 489 {
 490         struct timeval t1, t2;
 491         int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0, vflag = 0;
 492         int c, cnt;
 493         char *buf;
 494         int64_t offset;
 495         int total;
 496         int nr_iov;
 497         QEMUIOVector qiov;
 498         int pattern = 0;
 499         int Pflag = 0;
 500
 501         while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CP:qv")) != EOF) {
 502                 switch (c) {
 503                 case 'C':
 504                         Cflag = 1;
 505                         break;
 506                 case 'P':
 507                         Pflag = 1;
 508                         pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
 509                         if (pattern < 0)
 510                                 return 0;
 511                         break;
 512                 case 'q':
 513                         qflag = 1;
 514                         break;
 515                 case 'v':
 516                         vflag = 1;
 517                         break;
 518                 default:
 519                         return command_usage(&readv_cmd);
 520                 }
 521         }
 522
 523         if (optind > argc - 2)
 524                 return command_usage(&readv_cmd);
 525
 526
 527         offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
 528         if (offset < 0) {
 529                 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
 530                 return 0;
 531         }
 532         optind++;
 533
 534         if (offset & 0x1ff) {
 535                 printf("offset %lld is not sector aligned\n",
 536                         (long long)offset);
 537                 return 0;
 538         }
 539
 540         nr_iov = argc - optind;
 541         buf = create_iovec(&qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, 0xab);
 542
 543         gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
 544         cnt = do_aio_readv(&qiov, offset, &total);
 545         gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
 546
 547         if (cnt < 0) {
 548                 printf("readv failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
 549                 goto out;
 550         }
 551
 552         if (Pflag) {
 553                 void* cmp_buf = malloc(qiov.size);
 554                 memset(cmp_buf, pattern, qiov.size);
 555                 if (memcmp(buf, cmp_buf, qiov.size)) {
 556                         printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %lld, "
 557                                 "%zd bytes\n",
 558                                 (long long) offset, qiov.size);
 559                 }
 560                 free(cmp_buf);
 561         }
 562
 563         if (qflag)
 564                 goto out;
 565
 566         if (vflag)
 567                 dump_buffer(buf, offset, qiov.size);
 568
 569         /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
 570         t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
 571         print_report("read", &t2, offset, qiov.size, total, cnt, Cflag);
 572
 573 out:
 574         qemu_io_free(buf);
 575         return 0;
 576 }
 577
 578 static void
 579 write_help(void)
 580 {
 581         printf(
 582 "\n"
 583 " writes a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
 584 "\n"
 585 " Example:\n"
 586 " 'write 512 1k' - writes 1 kilobyte at 512 bytes into the open file\n"
 587 "\n"
 588 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
 589 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
 590 " -b, -- write to the VM state rather than the virtual disk\n"
 591 " -p, -- use bdrv_pwrite to write the file\n"
 592 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
 593 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
 594 " -q, -- quite mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
 595 "\n");
 596 }
 597
 598 static int write_f(int argc, char **argv);
 599
 600 static const cmdinfo_t write_cmd = {
 601         .name           = "write",
 602         .altname        = "w",
 603         .cfunc          = write_f,
 604         .argmin         = 2,
 605         .argmax         = -1,
 606         .args           = "[-abCpq] [-P pattern ] off len",
 607         .oneline        = "writes a number of bytes at a specified offset",
 608         .help           = write_help,
 609 };
 610
 611 static int
 612 write_f(int argc, char **argv)
 613 {
 614         struct timeval t1, t2;
 615         int Cflag = 0, pflag = 0, qflag = 0, bflag = 0;
 616         int c, cnt;
 617         char *buf;
 618         int64_t offset;
 619         int count;
 620         /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized.  */
 621         int total = 0;
 622         int pattern = 0xcd;
 623
 624         while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "bCpP:q")) != EOF) {
 625                 switch (c) {
 626                 case 'b':
 627                         bflag = 1;
 628                         break;
 629                 case 'C':
 630                         Cflag = 1;
 631                         break;
 632                 case 'p':
 633                         pflag = 1;
 634                         break;
 635                 case 'P':
 636                         pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
 637                         if (pattern < 0)
 638                                 return 0;
 639                         break;
 640                 case 'q':
 641                         qflag = 1;
 642                         break;
 643                 default:
 644                         return command_usage(&write_cmd);
 645                 }
 646         }
 647
 648         if (optind != argc - 2)
 649                 return command_usage(&write_cmd);
 650
 651         if (bflag && pflag) {
 652                 printf("-b and -p cannot be specified at the same time\n");
 653                 return 0;
 654         }
 655
 656         offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
 657         if (offset < 0) {
 658                 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
 659                 return 0;
 660         }
 661
 662         optind++;
 663         count = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
 664         if (count < 0) {
 665                 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
 666                 return 0;
 667         }
 668
 669         if (!pflag) {
 670                 if (offset & 0x1ff) {
 671                         printf("offset %lld is not sector aligned\n",
 672                                 (long long)offset);
 673                         return 0;
 674                 }
 675
 676                 if (count & 0x1ff) {
 677                         printf("count %d is not sector aligned\n",
 678                                 count);
 679                         return 0;
 680                 }
 681         }
 682
 683         buf = qemu_io_alloc(count, pattern);
 684
 685         gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
 686         if (pflag)
 687                 cnt = do_pwrite(buf, offset, count, &total);
 688         else if (bflag)
 689                 cnt = do_save_vmstate(buf, offset, count, &total);
 690         else
 691                 cnt = do_write(buf, offset, count, &total);
 692         gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
 693
 694         if (cnt < 0) {
 695                 printf("write failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
 696                 goto out;
 697         }
 698
 699         if (qflag)
 700                 goto out;
 701
 702         /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
 703         t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
 704         print_report("wrote", &t2, offset, count, total, cnt, Cflag);
 705
 706 out:
 707         qemu_io_free(buf);
 708
 709         return 0;
 710 }
 711
 712 static void
 713 writev_help(void)
 714 {
 715         printf(
 716 "\n"
 717 " writes a range of bytes from the given offset source from multiple buffers\n"
 718 "\n"
 719 " Example:\n"
 720 " 'write 512 1k 1k' - writes 2 kilobytes at 512 bytes into the open file\n"
 721 "\n"
 722 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
 723 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
 724 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
 725 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
 726 " -q, -- quite mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
 727 "\n");
 728 }
 729
 730 static int writev_f(int argc, char **argv);
 731
 732 static const cmdinfo_t writev_cmd = {
 733         .name           = "writev",
 734         .cfunc          = writev_f,
 735         .argmin         = 2,
 736         .argmax         = -1,
 737         .args           = "[-Cq] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
 738         .oneline        = "writes a number of bytes at a specified offset",
 739         .help           = writev_help,
 740 };
 741
 742 static int
 743 writev_f(int argc, char **argv)
 744 {
 745         struct timeval t1, t2;
 746         int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0;
 747         int c, cnt;
 748         char *buf;
 749         int64_t offset;
 750         int total;
 751         int nr_iov;
 752         int pattern = 0xcd;
 753         QEMUIOVector qiov;
 754
 755         while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CqP:")) != EOF) {
 756                 switch (c) {
 757                 case 'C':
 758                         Cflag = 1;
 759                         break;
 760                 case 'q':
 761                         qflag = 1;
 762                         break;
 763                 case 'P':
 764                         pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
 765                         if (pattern < 0)
 766                                 return 0;
 767                         break;
 768                 default:
 769                         return command_usage(&writev_cmd);
 770                 }
 771         }
 772
 773         if (optind > argc - 2)
 774                 return command_usage(&writev_cmd);
 775
 776         offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
 777         if (offset < 0) {
 778                 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
 779                 return 0;
 780         }
 781         optind++;
 782
 783         if (offset & 0x1ff) {
 784                 printf("offset %lld is not sector aligned\n",
 785                         (long long)offset);
 786                 return 0;
 787         }
 788
 789         nr_iov = argc - optind;
 790         buf = create_iovec(&qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, pattern);
 791
 792         gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
 793         cnt = do_aio_writev(&qiov, offset, &total);
 794         gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
 795
 796         if (cnt < 0) {
 797                 printf("writev failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
 798                 goto out;
 799         }
 800
 801         if (qflag)
 802                 goto out;
 803
 804         /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
 805         t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
 806         print_report("wrote", &t2, offset, qiov.size, total, cnt, Cflag);
 807 out:
 808         qemu_io_free(buf);
 809         return 0;
 810 }
 811
 812 struct aio_ctx {
 813         QEMUIOVector qiov;
 814         int64_t offset;
 815         char *buf;
 816         int qflag;
 817         int vflag;
 818         int Cflag;
 819         int Pflag;
 820         int pattern;
 821         struct timeval t1;
 822 };
 823
 824 static void
 825 aio_write_done(void *opaque, int ret)
 826 {
 827         struct aio_ctx *ctx = opaque;
 828         struct timeval t2;
 829
 830         gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
 831
 832
 833         if (ret < 0) {
 834                 printf("aio_write failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
 835                 goto out;
 836         }
 837
 838         if (ctx->qflag) {
 839                 goto out;
 840         }
 841
 842         /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
 843         t2 = tsub(t2, ctx->t1);
 844         print_report("wrote", &t2, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size,
 845                      ctx->qiov.size, 1, ctx->Cflag);
 846 out:
 847         qemu_io_free(ctx->buf);
 848         free(ctx);
 849 }
 850
 851 static void
 852 aio_read_done(void *opaque, int ret)
 853 {
 854         struct aio_ctx *ctx = opaque;
 855         struct timeval t2;
 856
 857         gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
 858
 859         if (ret < 0) {
 860                 printf("readv failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
 861                 goto out;
 862         }
 863
 864         if (ctx->Pflag) {
 865                 void *cmp_buf = malloc(ctx->qiov.size);
 866
 867                 memset(cmp_buf, ctx->pattern, ctx->qiov.size);
 868                 if (memcmp(ctx->buf, cmp_buf, ctx->qiov.size)) {
 869                         printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %lld, "
 870                                 "%zd bytes\n",
 871                                 (long long) ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size);
 872                 }
 873                 free(cmp_buf);
 874         }
 875
 876         if (ctx->qflag) {
 877                 goto out;
 878         }
 879
 880         if (ctx->vflag) {
 881                 dump_buffer(ctx->buf, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size);
 882         }
 883
 884         /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
 885         t2 = tsub(t2, ctx->t1);
 886         print_report("read", &t2, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size,
 887                      ctx->qiov.size, 1, ctx->Cflag);
 888 out:
 889         qemu_io_free(ctx->buf);
 890         free(ctx);
 891 }
 892
 893 static void
 894 aio_read_help(void)
 895 {
 896         printf(
 897 "\n"
 898 " asynchronously reads a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
 899 "\n"
 900 " Example:\n"
 901 " 'aio_read -v 512 1k 1k ' - dumps 2 kilobytes read from 512 bytes into the file\n"
 902 "\n"
 903 " Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
 904 " standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
 905 " The read is performed asynchronously and should the aio_flush command \n"
 906 " should be used to ensure all outstanding aio requests have been completed\n"
 907 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
 908 " -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n"
 909 " -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n"
 910 " -q, -- quite mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
 911 "\n");
 912 }
 913
 914 static int aio_read_f(int argc, char **argv);
 915
 916 static const cmdinfo_t aio_read_cmd = {
 917         .name           = "aio_read",
 918         .cfunc          = aio_read_f,
 919         .argmin         = 2,
 920         .argmax         = -1,
 921         .args           = "[-Cqv] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
 922         .oneline        = "asynchronously reads a number of bytes",
 923         .help           = aio_read_help,
 924 };
 925
 926 static int
 927 aio_read_f(int argc, char **argv)
 928 {
 929         int nr_iov, c;
 930         struct aio_ctx *ctx = calloc(1, sizeof(struct aio_ctx));
 931         BlockDriverAIOCB *acb;
 932
 933         while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CP:qv")) != EOF) {
 934                 switch (c) {
 935                 case 'C':
 936                         ctx->Cflag = 1;
 937                         break;
 938                 case 'P':
 939                         ctx->Pflag = 1;
 940                         ctx->pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
 941                         if (ctx->pattern < 0)
 942                                 return 0;
 943                         break;
 944                 case 'q':
 945                         ctx->qflag = 1;
 946                         break;
 947                 case 'v':
 948                         ctx->vflag = 1;
 949                         break;
 950                 default:
 951                         free(ctx);
 952                         return command_usage(&aio_read_cmd);
 953                 }
 954         }
 955
 956         if (optind > argc - 2) {
 957                 free(ctx);
 958                 return command_usage(&aio_read_cmd);
 959         }
 960
 961         ctx->offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
 962         if (ctx->offset < 0) {
 963                 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
 964                 free(ctx);
 965                 return 0;
 966         }
 967         optind++;
 968
 969         if (ctx->offset & 0x1ff) {
 970                 printf("offset %lld is not sector aligned\n",
 971                         (long long)ctx->offset);
 972                 free(ctx);
 973                 return 0;
 974         }
 975
 976         nr_iov = argc - optind;
 977         ctx->buf = create_iovec(&ctx->qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, 0xab);
 978
 979         gettimeofday(&ctx->t1, NULL);
 980         acb = bdrv_aio_readv(bs, ctx->offset >> 9, &ctx->qiov,
 981                               ctx->qiov.size >> 9, aio_read_done, ctx);
 982         if (!acb) {
 983                 free(ctx->buf);
 984                 free(ctx);
 985                 return -EIO;
 986         }
 987
 988         return 0;
 989 }
 990
 991 static void
 992 aio_write_help(void)
 993 {
 994         printf(
 995 "\n"
 996 " asynchronously writes a range of bytes from the given offset source \n"
 997 " from multiple buffers\n"
 998 "\n"
 999 " Example:\n"
1000 " 'aio_write 512 1k 1k' - writes 2 kilobytes at 512 bytes into the open file\n"
1001 "\n"
1002 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
1003 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
1004 " The write is performed asynchronously and should the aio_flush command \n"
1005 " should be used to ensure all outstanding aio requests have been completed\n"
1006 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
1007 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
1008 " -q, -- quite mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
1009 "\n");
1010 }
1011
1012 static int aio_write_f(int argc, char **argv);
1013
1014 static const cmdinfo_t aio_write_cmd = {
1015         .name           = "aio_write",
1016         .cfunc          = aio_write_f,
1017         .argmin         = 2,
1018         .argmax         = -1,
1019         .args           = "[-Cq] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
1020         .oneline        = "asynchronously writes a number of bytes",
1021         .help           = aio_write_help,
1022 };
1023
1024 static int
1025 aio_write_f(int argc, char **argv)
1026 {
1027         int nr_iov, c;
1028         int pattern = 0xcd;
1029         struct aio_ctx *ctx = calloc(1, sizeof(struct aio_ctx));
1030         BlockDriverAIOCB *acb;
1031
1032         while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CqP:")) != EOF) {
1033                 switch (c) {
1034                 case 'C':
1035                         ctx->Cflag = 1;
1036                         break;
1037                 case 'q':
1038                         ctx->qflag = 1;
1039                         break;
1040                 case 'P':
1041                         pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
1042                         if (pattern < 0)
1043                                 return 0;
1044                         break;
1045                 default:
1046                         free(ctx);
1047                         return command_usage(&aio_write_cmd);
1048                 }
1049         }
1050
1051         if (optind > argc - 2) {
1052                 free(ctx);
1053                 return command_usage(&aio_write_cmd);
1054         }
1055
1056         ctx->offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1057         if (ctx->offset < 0) {
1058                 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1059                 free(ctx);
1060                 return 0;
1061         }
1062         optind++;
1063
1064         if (ctx->offset & 0x1ff) {
1065                 printf("offset %lld is not sector aligned\n",
1066                         (long long)ctx->offset);
1067                 free(ctx);
1068                 return 0;
1069         }
1070
1071         nr_iov = argc - optind;
1072         ctx->buf = create_iovec(&ctx->qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, pattern);
1073
1074         gettimeofday(&ctx->t1, NULL);
1075         acb = bdrv_aio_writev(bs, ctx->offset >> 9, &ctx->qiov,
1076                               ctx->qiov.size >> 9, aio_write_done, ctx);
1077         if (!acb) {
1078                 free(ctx->buf);
1079                 free(ctx);
1080                 return -EIO;
1081         }
1082
1083         return 0;
1084 }
1085
1086 static int
1087 aio_flush_f(int argc, char **argv)
1088 {
1089         qemu_aio_flush();
1090         return 0;
1091 }
1092
1093 static const cmdinfo_t aio_flush_cmd = {
1094         .name           = "aio_flush",
1095         .cfunc          = aio_flush_f,
1096         .oneline        = "completes all outstanding aio requets"
1097 };
1098
1099 static int
1100 flush_f(int argc, char **argv)
1101 {
1102         bdrv_flush(bs);
1103         return 0;
1104 }
1105
1106 static const cmdinfo_t flush_cmd = {
1107         .name           = "flush",
1108         .altname        = "f",
1109         .cfunc          = flush_f,
1110         .oneline        = "flush all in-core file state to disk",
1111 };
1112
1113 static int
1114 truncate_f(int argc, char **argv)
1115 {
1116         int64_t offset;
1117         int ret;
1118
1119         offset = cvtnum(argv[1]);
1120         if (offset < 0) {
1121                 printf("non-numeric truncate argument -- %s\n", argv[1]);
1122                 return 0;
1123         }
1124
1125         ret = bdrv_truncate(bs, offset);
1126         if (ret < 0) {
1127                 printf("truncate: %s", strerror(ret));
1128                 return 0;
1129         }
1130
1131         return 0;
1132 }
1133
1134 static const cmdinfo_t truncate_cmd = {
1135         .name           = "truncate",
1136         .altname        = "t",
1137         .cfunc          = truncate_f,
1138         .argmin         = 1,
1139         .argmax         = 1,
1140         .args           = "off",
1141         .oneline        = "truncates the current file at the given offset",
1142 };
1143
1144 static int
1145 length_f(int argc, char **argv)
1146 {
1147         int64_t size;
1148         char s1[64];
1149
1150         size = bdrv_getlength(bs);
1151         if (size < 0) {
1152                 printf("getlength: %s", strerror(size));
1153                 return 0;
1154         }
1155
1156         cvtstr(size, s1, sizeof(s1));
1157         printf("%s\n", s1);
1158         return 0;
1159 }
1160
1161
1162 static const cmdinfo_t length_cmd = {
1163         .name           = "length",
1164         .altname        = "l",
1165         .cfunc          = length_f,
1166         .oneline        = "gets the length of the current file",
1167 };
1168
1169
1170 static int
1171 info_f(int argc, char **argv)
1172 {
1173         BlockDriverInfo bdi;
1174         char s1[64], s2[64];
1175         int ret;
1176
1177         if (bs->drv && bs->drv->format_name)
1178                 printf("format name: %s\n", bs->drv->format_name);
1179         if (bs->drv && bs->drv->protocol_name)
1180                 printf("format name: %s\n", bs->drv->protocol_name);
1181
1182         ret = bdrv_get_info(bs, &bdi);
1183         if (ret)
1184                 return 0;
1185
1186         cvtstr(bdi.cluster_size, s1, sizeof(s1));
1187         cvtstr(bdi.vm_state_offset, s2, sizeof(s2));
1188
1189         printf("cluster size: %s\n", s1);
1190         printf("vm state offset: %s\n", s2);
1191
1192         return 0;
1193 }
1194
1195
1196
1197 static const cmdinfo_t info_cmd = {
1198         .name           = "info",
1199         .altname        = "i",
1200         .cfunc          = info_f,
1201         .oneline        = "prints information about the current file",
1202 };
1203
1204 static int
1205 alloc_f(int argc, char **argv)
1206 {
1207         int64_t offset;
1208         int nb_sectors, remaining;
1209         char s1[64];
1210         int num, sum_alloc;
1211         int ret;
1212
1213         offset = cvtnum(argv[1]);
1214         if (offset & 0x1ff) {
1215                 printf("offset %lld is not sector aligned\n",
1216                         (long long)offset);
1217                 return 0;
1218         }
1219
1220         if (argc == 3)
1221                 nb_sectors = cvtnum(argv[2]);
1222         else
1223                 nb_sectors = 1;
1224
1225         remaining = nb_sectors;
1226         sum_alloc = 0;
1227         while (remaining) {
1228                 ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, offset >> 9, nb_sectors, &num);
1229                 remaining -= num;
1230                 if (ret) {
1231                         sum_alloc += num;
1232                 }
1233         }
1234
1235         cvtstr(offset, s1, sizeof(s1));
1236
1237         if (nb_sectors == 1)
1238                 printf("sector allocated at offset %s\n", s1);
1239         else
1240                 printf("%d/%d sectors allocated at offset %s\n",
1241                         sum_alloc, nb_sectors, s1);
1242         return 0;
1243 }
1244
1245 static const cmdinfo_t alloc_cmd = {
1246         .name           = "alloc",
1247         .altname        = "a",
1248         .argmin         = 1,
1249         .argmax         = 2,
1250         .cfunc          = alloc_f,
1251         .args           = "off [sectors]",
1252         .oneline        = "checks if a sector is present in the file",
1253 };
1254
1255 static int
1256 close_f(int argc, char **argv)
1257 {
1258         bdrv_close(bs);
1259         bs = NULL;
1260         return 0;
1261 }
1262
1263 static const cmdinfo_t close_cmd = {
1264         .name           = "close",
1265         .altname        = "c",
1266         .cfunc          = close_f,
1267         .oneline        = "close the current open file",
1268 };
1269
1270 static int openfile(char *name, int flags, int growable)
1271 {
1272         if (bs) {
1273                 fprintf(stderr, "file open already, try 'help close'\n");
1274                 return 1;
1275         }
1276
1277         bs = bdrv_new("hda");
1278         if (!bs)
1279                 return 1;
1280
1281         if (growable) {
1282                 flags |= BDRV_O_FILE;
1283         }
1284
1285         if (bdrv_open(bs, name, flags) == -1) {
1286                 fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't open device %s\n", progname, name);
1287                 bs = NULL;
1288                 return 1;
1289         }
1290
1291         if (growable) {
1292                 bs->growable = 1;
1293         }
1294         return 0;
1295 }
1296
1297 static void
1298 open_help(void)
1299 {
1300         printf(
1301 "\n"
1302 " opens a new file in the requested mode\n"
1303 "\n"
1304 " Example:\n"
1305 " 'open -Cn /tmp/data' - creates/opens data file read-write and uncached\n"
1306 "\n"
1307 " Opens a file for subsequent use by all of the other qemu-io commands.\n"
1308 " -C, -- create new file if it doesn't exist\n"
1309 " -r, -- open file read-only\n"
1310 " -s, -- use snapshot file\n"
1311 " -n, -- disable host cache\n"
1312 " -g, -- allow file to grow (only applies to protocols)"
1313 "\n");
1314 }
1315
1316 static int open_f(int argc, char **argv);
1317
1318 static const cmdinfo_t open_cmd = {
1319         .name           = "open",
1320         .altname        = "o",
1321         .cfunc          = open_f,
1322         .argmin         = 1,
1323         .argmax         = -1,
1324         .flags          = CMD_NOFILE_OK,
1325         .args           = "[-Crsn] [path]",
1326         .oneline        = "open the file specified by path",
1327         .help           = open_help,
1328 };
1329
1330 static int
1331 open_f(int argc, char **argv)
1332 {
1333         int flags = 0;
1334         int readonly = 0;
1335         int growable = 0;
1336         int c;
1337
1338         while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "snCrg")) != EOF) {
1339                 switch (c) {
1340                 case 's':
1341                         flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
1342                         break;
1343                 case 'n':
1344                         flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE;
1345                         break;
1346                 case 'C':
1347                         flags |= BDRV_O_CREAT;
1348                         break;
1349                 case 'r':
1350                         readonly = 1;
1351                         break;
1352                 case 'g':
1353                         growable = 1;
1354                         break;
1355                 default:
1356                         return command_usage(&open_cmd);
1357                 }
1358         }
1359
1360         if (readonly)
1361                 flags |= BDRV_O_RDONLY;
1362         else
1363                 flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
1364
1365         if (optind != argc - 1)
1366                 return command_usage(&open_cmd);
1367
1368         return openfile(argv[optind], flags, growable);
1369 }
1370
1371 static int
1372 init_args_command(
1373         int     index)
1374 {
1375         /* only one device allowed so far */
1376         if (index >= 1)
1377                 return 0;
1378         return ++index;
1379 }
1380
1381 static int
1382 init_check_command(
1383         const cmdinfo_t *ct)
1384 {
1385         if (ct->flags & CMD_FLAG_GLOBAL)
1386                 return 1;
1387         if (!(ct->flags & CMD_NOFILE_OK) && !bs) {
1388                 fprintf(stderr, "no file open, try 'help open'\n");
1389                 return 0;
1390         }
1391         return 1;
1392 }
1393
1394 static void usage(const char *name)
1395 {
1396         printf(
1397 "Usage: %s [-h] [-V] [-Crsnm] [-c cmd] ... [file]\n"
1398 "QEMU Disk exerciser\n"
1399 "\n"
1400 "  -C, --create         create new file if it doesn't exist\n"
1401 "  -c, --cmd            command to execute\n"
1402 "  -r, --read-only      export read-only\n"
1403 "  -s, --snapshot       use snapshot file\n"
1404 "  -n, --nocache        disable host cache\n"
1405 "  -g, --growable       allow file to grow (only applies to protocols)\n"
1406 "  -m, --misalign       misalign allocations for O_DIRECT\n"
1407 "  -k, --native-aio     use kernel AIO implementation (on Linux only)\n"
1408 "  -h, --help           display this help and exit\n"
1409 "  -V, --version        output version information and exit\n"
1410 "\n",
1411         name);
1412 }
1413
1414
1415 int main(int argc, char **argv)
1416 {
1417         int readonly = 0;
1418         int growable = 0;
1419         const char *sopt = "hVc:Crsnmgk";
1420         struct option lopt[] = {
1421                 { "help", 0, NULL, 'h' },
1422                 { "version", 0, NULL, 'V' },
1423                 { "offset", 1, NULL, 'o' },
1424                 { "cmd", 1, NULL, 'c' },
1425                 { "create", 0, NULL, 'C' },
1426                 { "read-only", 0, NULL, 'r' },
1427                 { "snapshot", 0, NULL, 's' },
1428                 { "nocache", 0, NULL, 'n' },
1429                 { "misalign", 0, NULL, 'm' },
1430                 { "growable", 0, NULL, 'g' },
1431                 { "native-aio", 0, NULL, 'k' },
1432                 { NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
1433         };
1434         int c;
1435         int opt_index = 0;
1436         int flags = 0;
1437
1438         progname = basename(argv[0]);
1439
1440         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, sopt, lopt, &opt_index)) != -1) {
1441                 switch (c) {
1442                 case 's':
1443                         flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
1444                         break;
1445                 case 'n':
1446                         flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE;
1447                         break;
1448                 case 'c':
1449                         add_user_command(optarg);
1450                         break;
1451                 case 'C':
1452                         flags |= BDRV_O_CREAT;
1453                         break;
1454                 case 'r':
1455                         readonly = 1;
1456                         break;
1457                 case 'm':
1458                         misalign = 1;
1459                         break;
1460                 case 'g':
1461                         growable = 1;
1462                         break;
1463                 case 'k':
1464                         flags |= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO;
1465                         break;
1466                 case 'V':
1467                         printf("%s version %s\n", progname, VERSION);
1468                         exit(0);
1469                 case 'h':
1470                         usage(progname);
1471                         exit(0);
1472                 default:
1473                         usage(progname);
1474                         exit(1);
1475                 }
1476         }
1477
1478         if ((argc - optind) > 1) {
1479                 usage(progname);
1480                 exit(1);
1481         }
1482
1483         bdrv_init();
1484
1485         /* initialize commands */
1486         quit_init();
1487         help_init();
1488         add_command(&open_cmd);
1489         add_command(&close_cmd);
1490         add_command(&read_cmd);
1491         add_command(&readv_cmd);
1492         add_command(&write_cmd);
1493         add_command(&writev_cmd);
1494         add_command(&aio_read_cmd);
1495         add_command(&aio_write_cmd);
1496         add_command(&aio_flush_cmd);
1497         add_command(&flush_cmd);
1498         add_command(&truncate_cmd);
1499         add_command(&length_cmd);
1500         add_command(&info_cmd);
1501         add_command(&alloc_cmd);
1502
1503         add_args_command(init_args_command);
1504         add_check_command(init_check_command);
1505
1506         /* open the device */
1507         if (readonly)
1508                 flags |= BDRV_O_RDONLY;
1509         else
1510                 flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
1511
1512         if ((argc - optind) == 1)
1513                 openfile(argv[optind], flags, growable);
1514         command_loop();
1515
1516         /*
1517          * Make sure all outstanding requests get flushed the program exits.
1518          */
1519         qemu_aio_flush();
1520
1521         if (bs)
1522                 bdrv_close(bs);
1523         return 0;
1524 }