2 * QEMU aio implementation
4 * Copyright IBM, Corp. 2008
7 * Anthony Liguori <aliguori@us.ibm.com>
9 * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2. See
10 * the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
12 * Contributions after 2012-01-13 are licensed under the terms of the
13 * GNU GPL, version 2 or (at your option) any later version.
16 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
17 #include "qemu-common.h"
18 #include "block/block.h"
19 #include "qemu/rcu_queue.h"
20 #include "qemu/sockets.h"
21 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
23 #ifdef CONFIG_EPOLL_CREATE1
24 #include <sys/epoll.h>
33 IOHandler
*io_poll_begin
;
34 IOHandler
*io_poll_end
;
38 QLIST_ENTRY(AioHandler
) node
;
41 #ifdef CONFIG_EPOLL_CREATE1
43 /* The fd number threshold to switch to epoll */
44 #define EPOLL_ENABLE_THRESHOLD 64
46 static void aio_epoll_disable(AioContext
*ctx
)
48 ctx
->epoll_enabled
= false;
49 if (!ctx
->epoll_available
) {
52 ctx
->epoll_available
= false;
56 static inline int epoll_events_from_pfd(int pfd_events
)
58 return (pfd_events
& G_IO_IN
? EPOLLIN
: 0) |
59 (pfd_events
& G_IO_OUT
? EPOLLOUT
: 0) |
60 (pfd_events
& G_IO_HUP
? EPOLLHUP
: 0) |
61 (pfd_events
& G_IO_ERR
? EPOLLERR
: 0);
64 static bool aio_epoll_try_enable(AioContext
*ctx
)
67 struct epoll_event event
;
69 QLIST_FOREACH_RCU(node
, &ctx
->aio_handlers
, node
) {
71 if (node
->deleted
|| !node
->pfd
.events
) {
74 event
.events
= epoll_events_from_pfd(node
->pfd
.events
);
75 event
.data
.ptr
= node
;
76 r
= epoll_ctl(ctx
->epollfd
, EPOLL_CTL_ADD
, node
->pfd
.fd
, &event
);
81 ctx
->epoll_enabled
= true;
85 static void aio_epoll_update(AioContext
*ctx
, AioHandler
*node
, bool is_new
)
87 struct epoll_event event
;
91 if (!ctx
->epoll_enabled
) {
94 if (!node
->pfd
.events
) {
97 event
.data
.ptr
= node
;
98 event
.events
= epoll_events_from_pfd(node
->pfd
.events
);
99 ctl
= is_new
? EPOLL_CTL_ADD
: EPOLL_CTL_MOD
;
102 r
= epoll_ctl(ctx
->epollfd
, ctl
, node
->pfd
.fd
, &event
);
104 aio_epoll_disable(ctx
);
108 static int aio_epoll(AioContext
*ctx
, GPollFD
*pfds
,
109 unsigned npfd
, int64_t timeout
)
113 struct epoll_event events
[128];
116 assert(pfds
[0].fd
== ctx
->epollfd
);
118 ret
= qemu_poll_ns(pfds
, npfd
, timeout
);
120 if (timeout
<= 0 || ret
> 0) {
121 ret
= epoll_wait(ctx
->epollfd
, events
,
127 for (i
= 0; i
< ret
; i
++) {
128 int ev
= events
[i
].events
;
129 node
= events
[i
].data
.ptr
;
130 node
->pfd
.revents
= (ev
& EPOLLIN
? G_IO_IN
: 0) |
131 (ev
& EPOLLOUT
? G_IO_OUT
: 0) |
132 (ev
& EPOLLHUP
? G_IO_HUP
: 0) |
133 (ev
& EPOLLERR
? G_IO_ERR
: 0);
140 static bool aio_epoll_enabled(AioContext
*ctx
)
142 /* Fall back to ppoll when external clients are disabled. */
143 return !aio_external_disabled(ctx
) && ctx
->epoll_enabled
;
146 static bool aio_epoll_check_poll(AioContext
*ctx
, GPollFD
*pfds
,
147 unsigned npfd
, int64_t timeout
)
149 if (!ctx
->epoll_available
) {
152 if (aio_epoll_enabled(ctx
)) {
155 if (npfd
>= EPOLL_ENABLE_THRESHOLD
) {
156 if (aio_epoll_try_enable(ctx
)) {
159 aio_epoll_disable(ctx
);
167 static void aio_epoll_update(AioContext
*ctx
, AioHandler
*node
, bool is_new
)
171 static int aio_epoll(AioContext
*ctx
, GPollFD
*pfds
,
172 unsigned npfd
, int64_t timeout
)
177 static bool aio_epoll_enabled(AioContext
*ctx
)
182 static bool aio_epoll_check_poll(AioContext
*ctx
, GPollFD
*pfds
,
183 unsigned npfd
, int64_t timeout
)
190 static AioHandler
*find_aio_handler(AioContext
*ctx
, int fd
)
194 QLIST_FOREACH(node
, &ctx
->aio_handlers
, node
) {
195 if (node
->pfd
.fd
== fd
)
203 static bool aio_remove_fd_handler(AioContext
*ctx
, AioHandler
*node
)
205 /* If the GSource is in the process of being destroyed then
206 * g_source_remove_poll() causes an assertion failure. Skip
207 * removal in that case, because glib cleans up its state during
208 * destruction anyway.
210 if (!g_source_is_destroyed(&ctx
->source
)) {
211 g_source_remove_poll(&ctx
->source
, &node
->pfd
);
214 /* If a read is in progress, just mark the node as deleted */
215 if (qemu_lockcnt_count(&ctx
->list_lock
)) {
217 node
->pfd
.revents
= 0;
220 /* Otherwise, delete it for real. We can't just mark it as
221 * deleted because deleted nodes are only cleaned up while
222 * no one is walking the handlers list.
224 QLIST_REMOVE(node
, node
);
228 void aio_set_fd_handler(AioContext
*ctx
,
237 AioHandler
*new_node
= NULL
;
239 bool deleted
= false;
240 int poll_disable_change
;
242 qemu_lockcnt_lock(&ctx
->list_lock
);
244 node
= find_aio_handler(ctx
, fd
);
246 /* Are we deleting the fd handler? */
247 if (!io_read
&& !io_write
&& !io_poll
) {
249 qemu_lockcnt_unlock(&ctx
->list_lock
);
252 /* Clean events in order to unregister fd from the ctx epoll. */
253 node
->pfd
.events
= 0;
255 poll_disable_change
= -!node
->io_poll
;
257 poll_disable_change
= !io_poll
- (node
&& !node
->io_poll
);
261 /* Alloc and insert if it's not already there */
262 new_node
= g_new0(AioHandler
, 1);
264 /* Update handler with latest information */
265 new_node
->io_read
= io_read
;
266 new_node
->io_write
= io_write
;
267 new_node
->io_poll
= io_poll
;
268 new_node
->opaque
= opaque
;
269 new_node
->is_external
= is_external
;
272 new_node
->pfd
.fd
= fd
;
274 new_node
->pfd
= node
->pfd
;
276 g_source_add_poll(&ctx
->source
, &new_node
->pfd
);
278 new_node
->pfd
.events
= (io_read
? G_IO_IN
| G_IO_HUP
| G_IO_ERR
: 0);
279 new_node
->pfd
.events
|= (io_write
? G_IO_OUT
| G_IO_ERR
: 0);
281 QLIST_INSERT_HEAD_RCU(&ctx
->aio_handlers
, new_node
, node
);
284 deleted
= aio_remove_fd_handler(ctx
, node
);
287 /* No need to order poll_disable_cnt writes against other updates;
288 * the counter is only used to avoid wasting time and latency on
289 * iterated polling when the system call will be ultimately necessary.
290 * Changing handlers is a rare event, and a little wasted polling until
291 * the aio_notify below is not an issue.
293 atomic_set(&ctx
->poll_disable_cnt
,
294 atomic_read(&ctx
->poll_disable_cnt
) + poll_disable_change
);
297 aio_epoll_update(ctx
, new_node
, is_new
);
299 /* Unregister deleted fd_handler */
300 aio_epoll_update(ctx
, node
, false);
302 qemu_lockcnt_unlock(&ctx
->list_lock
);
310 void aio_set_fd_poll(AioContext
*ctx
, int fd
,
311 IOHandler
*io_poll_begin
,
312 IOHandler
*io_poll_end
)
314 AioHandler
*node
= find_aio_handler(ctx
, fd
);
320 node
->io_poll_begin
= io_poll_begin
;
321 node
->io_poll_end
= io_poll_end
;
324 void aio_set_event_notifier(AioContext
*ctx
,
325 EventNotifier
*notifier
,
327 EventNotifierHandler
*io_read
,
330 aio_set_fd_handler(ctx
, event_notifier_get_fd(notifier
), is_external
,
331 (IOHandler
*)io_read
, NULL
, io_poll
, notifier
);
334 void aio_set_event_notifier_poll(AioContext
*ctx
,
335 EventNotifier
*notifier
,
336 EventNotifierHandler
*io_poll_begin
,
337 EventNotifierHandler
*io_poll_end
)
339 aio_set_fd_poll(ctx
, event_notifier_get_fd(notifier
),
340 (IOHandler
*)io_poll_begin
,
341 (IOHandler
*)io_poll_end
);
344 static void poll_set_started(AioContext
*ctx
, bool started
)
348 if (started
== ctx
->poll_started
) {
352 ctx
->poll_started
= started
;
354 qemu_lockcnt_inc(&ctx
->list_lock
);
355 QLIST_FOREACH_RCU(node
, &ctx
->aio_handlers
, node
) {
363 fn
= node
->io_poll_begin
;
365 fn
= node
->io_poll_end
;
372 qemu_lockcnt_dec(&ctx
->list_lock
);
376 bool aio_prepare(AioContext
*ctx
)
378 /* Poll mode cannot be used with glib's event loop, disable it. */
379 poll_set_started(ctx
, false);
384 bool aio_pending(AioContext
*ctx
)
390 * We have to walk very carefully in case aio_set_fd_handler is
391 * called while we're walking.
393 qemu_lockcnt_inc(&ctx
->list_lock
);
395 QLIST_FOREACH_RCU(node
, &ctx
->aio_handlers
, node
) {
398 revents
= node
->pfd
.revents
& node
->pfd
.events
;
399 if (revents
& (G_IO_IN
| G_IO_HUP
| G_IO_ERR
) && node
->io_read
&&
400 aio_node_check(ctx
, node
->is_external
)) {
404 if (revents
& (G_IO_OUT
| G_IO_ERR
) && node
->io_write
&&
405 aio_node_check(ctx
, node
->is_external
)) {
410 qemu_lockcnt_dec(&ctx
->list_lock
);
415 static bool aio_dispatch_handlers(AioContext
*ctx
)
417 AioHandler
*node
, *tmp
;
418 bool progress
= false;
420 QLIST_FOREACH_SAFE_RCU(node
, &ctx
->aio_handlers
, node
, tmp
) {
423 revents
= node
->pfd
.revents
& node
->pfd
.events
;
424 node
->pfd
.revents
= 0;
426 if (!node
->deleted
&&
427 (revents
& (G_IO_IN
| G_IO_HUP
| G_IO_ERR
)) &&
428 aio_node_check(ctx
, node
->is_external
) &&
430 node
->io_read(node
->opaque
);
432 /* aio_notify() does not count as progress */
433 if (node
->opaque
!= &ctx
->notifier
) {
437 if (!node
->deleted
&&
438 (revents
& (G_IO_OUT
| G_IO_ERR
)) &&
439 aio_node_check(ctx
, node
->is_external
) &&
441 node
->io_write(node
->opaque
);
446 if (qemu_lockcnt_dec_if_lock(&ctx
->list_lock
)) {
447 QLIST_REMOVE(node
, node
);
449 qemu_lockcnt_inc_and_unlock(&ctx
->list_lock
);
457 void aio_dispatch(AioContext
*ctx
)
459 qemu_lockcnt_inc(&ctx
->list_lock
);
461 aio_dispatch_handlers(ctx
);
462 qemu_lockcnt_dec(&ctx
->list_lock
);
464 timerlistgroup_run_timers(&ctx
->tlg
);
467 /* These thread-local variables are used only in a small part of aio_poll
468 * around the call to the poll() system call. In particular they are not
469 * used while aio_poll is performing callbacks, which makes it much easier
470 * to think about reentrancy!
472 * Stack-allocated arrays would be perfect but they have size limitations;
473 * heap allocation is expensive enough that we want to reuse arrays across
474 * calls to aio_poll(). And because poll() has to be called without holding
475 * any lock, the arrays cannot be stored in AioContext. Thread-local data
476 * has none of the disadvantages of these three options.
478 static __thread GPollFD
*pollfds
;
479 static __thread AioHandler
**nodes
;
480 static __thread
unsigned npfd
, nalloc
;
481 static __thread Notifier pollfds_cleanup_notifier
;
483 static void pollfds_cleanup(Notifier
*n
, void *unused
)
491 static void add_pollfd(AioHandler
*node
)
493 if (npfd
== nalloc
) {
495 pollfds_cleanup_notifier
.notify
= pollfds_cleanup
;
496 qemu_thread_atexit_add(&pollfds_cleanup_notifier
);
499 g_assert(nalloc
<= INT_MAX
);
502 pollfds
= g_renew(GPollFD
, pollfds
, nalloc
);
503 nodes
= g_renew(AioHandler
*, nodes
, nalloc
);
506 pollfds
[npfd
] = (GPollFD
) {
508 .events
= node
->pfd
.events
,
513 static bool run_poll_handlers_once(AioContext
*ctx
, int64_t *timeout
)
515 bool progress
= false;
518 QLIST_FOREACH_RCU(node
, &ctx
->aio_handlers
, node
) {
519 if (!node
->deleted
&& node
->io_poll
&&
520 aio_node_check(ctx
, node
->is_external
) &&
521 node
->io_poll(node
->opaque
)) {
523 * Polling was successful, exit try_poll_mode immediately
524 * to adjust the next polling time.
527 if (node
->opaque
!= &ctx
->notifier
) {
532 /* Caller handles freeing deleted nodes. Don't do it here. */
538 /* run_poll_handlers:
539 * @ctx: the AioContext
540 * @max_ns: maximum time to poll for, in nanoseconds
542 * Polls for a given time.
544 * Note that ctx->notify_me must be non-zero so this function can detect
547 * Note that the caller must have incremented ctx->list_lock.
549 * Returns: true if progress was made, false otherwise
551 static bool run_poll_handlers(AioContext
*ctx
, int64_t max_ns
, int64_t *timeout
)
554 int64_t start_time
, elapsed_time
;
556 assert(ctx
->notify_me
);
557 assert(qemu_lockcnt_count(&ctx
->list_lock
) > 0);
559 trace_run_poll_handlers_begin(ctx
, max_ns
, *timeout
);
561 start_time
= qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_REALTIME
);
563 progress
= run_poll_handlers_once(ctx
, timeout
);
564 elapsed_time
= qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_REALTIME
) - start_time
;
565 max_ns
= qemu_soonest_timeout(*timeout
, max_ns
);
566 assert(!(max_ns
&& progress
));
567 } while (elapsed_time
< max_ns
&& !atomic_read(&ctx
->poll_disable_cnt
));
569 /* If time has passed with no successful polling, adjust *timeout to
570 * keep the same ending time.
572 if (*timeout
!= -1) {
573 *timeout
-= MIN(*timeout
, elapsed_time
);
576 trace_run_poll_handlers_end(ctx
, progress
, *timeout
);
581 * @ctx: the AioContext
582 * @timeout: timeout for blocking wait, computed by the caller and updated if
585 * ctx->notify_me must be non-zero so this function can detect aio_notify().
587 * Note that the caller must have incremented ctx->list_lock.
589 * Returns: true if progress was made, false otherwise
591 static bool try_poll_mode(AioContext
*ctx
, int64_t *timeout
)
593 int64_t max_ns
= qemu_soonest_timeout(*timeout
, ctx
->poll_ns
);
595 if (max_ns
&& !atomic_read(&ctx
->poll_disable_cnt
)) {
596 poll_set_started(ctx
, true);
598 if (run_poll_handlers(ctx
, max_ns
, timeout
)) {
603 poll_set_started(ctx
, false);
605 /* Even if we don't run busy polling, try polling once in case it can make
606 * progress and the caller will be able to avoid ppoll(2)/epoll_wait(2).
608 return run_poll_handlers_once(ctx
, timeout
);
611 bool aio_poll(AioContext
*ctx
, bool blocking
)
620 assert(in_aio_context_home_thread(ctx
));
622 /* aio_notify can avoid the expensive event_notifier_set if
623 * everything (file descriptors, bottom halves, timers) will
624 * be re-evaluated before the next blocking poll(). This is
625 * already true when aio_poll is called with blocking == false;
626 * if blocking == true, it is only true after poll() returns,
627 * so disable the optimization now.
630 atomic_add(&ctx
->notify_me
, 2);
633 qemu_lockcnt_inc(&ctx
->list_lock
);
635 if (ctx
->poll_max_ns
) {
636 start
= qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_REALTIME
);
639 timeout
= blocking
? aio_compute_timeout(ctx
) : 0;
640 progress
= try_poll_mode(ctx
, &timeout
);
641 assert(!(timeout
&& progress
));
643 /* If polling is allowed, non-blocking aio_poll does not need the
644 * system call---a single round of run_poll_handlers_once suffices.
646 if (timeout
|| atomic_read(&ctx
->poll_disable_cnt
)) {
651 if (!aio_epoll_enabled(ctx
)) {
652 QLIST_FOREACH_RCU(node
, &ctx
->aio_handlers
, node
) {
653 if (!node
->deleted
&& node
->pfd
.events
654 && aio_node_check(ctx
, node
->is_external
)) {
660 /* wait until next event */
661 if (aio_epoll_check_poll(ctx
, pollfds
, npfd
, timeout
)) {
662 AioHandler epoll_handler
;
664 epoll_handler
.pfd
.fd
= ctx
->epollfd
;
665 epoll_handler
.pfd
.events
= G_IO_IN
| G_IO_OUT
| G_IO_HUP
| G_IO_ERR
;
667 add_pollfd(&epoll_handler
);
668 ret
= aio_epoll(ctx
, pollfds
, npfd
, timeout
);
670 ret
= qemu_poll_ns(pollfds
, npfd
, timeout
);
675 atomic_sub(&ctx
->notify_me
, 2);
676 aio_notify_accept(ctx
);
679 /* Adjust polling time */
680 if (ctx
->poll_max_ns
) {
681 int64_t block_ns
= qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_REALTIME
) - start
;
683 if (block_ns
<= ctx
->poll_ns
) {
684 /* This is the sweet spot, no adjustment needed */
685 } else if (block_ns
> ctx
->poll_max_ns
) {
686 /* We'd have to poll for too long, poll less */
687 int64_t old
= ctx
->poll_ns
;
689 if (ctx
->poll_shrink
) {
690 ctx
->poll_ns
/= ctx
->poll_shrink
;
695 trace_poll_shrink(ctx
, old
, ctx
->poll_ns
);
696 } else if (ctx
->poll_ns
< ctx
->poll_max_ns
&&
697 block_ns
< ctx
->poll_max_ns
) {
698 /* There is room to grow, poll longer */
699 int64_t old
= ctx
->poll_ns
;
700 int64_t grow
= ctx
->poll_grow
;
707 ctx
->poll_ns
*= grow
;
709 ctx
->poll_ns
= 4000; /* start polling at 4 microseconds */
712 if (ctx
->poll_ns
> ctx
->poll_max_ns
) {
713 ctx
->poll_ns
= ctx
->poll_max_ns
;
716 trace_poll_grow(ctx
, old
, ctx
->poll_ns
);
720 /* if we have any readable fds, dispatch event */
722 for (i
= 0; i
< npfd
; i
++) {
723 nodes
[i
]->pfd
.revents
= pollfds
[i
].revents
;
729 progress
|= aio_bh_poll(ctx
);
732 progress
|= aio_dispatch_handlers(ctx
);
735 qemu_lockcnt_dec(&ctx
->list_lock
);
737 progress
|= timerlistgroup_run_timers(&ctx
->tlg
);
742 void aio_context_setup(AioContext
*ctx
)
744 #ifdef CONFIG_EPOLL_CREATE1
745 assert(!ctx
->epollfd
);
746 ctx
->epollfd
= epoll_create1(EPOLL_CLOEXEC
);
747 if (ctx
->epollfd
== -1) {
748 fprintf(stderr
, "Failed to create epoll instance: %s", strerror(errno
));
749 ctx
->epoll_available
= false;
751 ctx
->epoll_available
= true;
756 void aio_context_destroy(AioContext
*ctx
)
758 #ifdef CONFIG_EPOLL_CREATE1
759 aio_epoll_disable(ctx
);
763 void aio_context_set_poll_params(AioContext
*ctx
, int64_t max_ns
,
764 int64_t grow
, int64_t shrink
, Error
**errp
)
766 /* No thread synchronization here, it doesn't matter if an incorrect value
769 ctx
->poll_max_ns
= max_ns
;
771 ctx
->poll_grow
= grow
;
772 ctx
->poll_shrink
= shrink
;