qemu-thread-win32.c

   1 /*
   2  * Win32 implementation for mutex/cond/thread functions
   3  *
   4  * Copyright Red Hat, Inc. 2010
   5  *
   6  * Author:
   7  *  Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
   8  *
   9  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
  10  * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
  11  *
  12  */
  13 #include "qemu-common.h"
  14 #include "qemu/thread.h"
  15 #include <process.h>
  16 #include <assert.h>
  17 #include <limits.h>
  18
  19 static void error_exit(int err, const char *msg)
  20 {
  21     char *pstr;
  22
  23     FormatMessage(FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM | FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER,
  24                   NULL, err, 0, (LPTSTR)&pstr, 2, NULL);
  25     fprintf(stderr, "qemu: %s: %s\n", msg, pstr);
  26     LocalFree(pstr);
  27     abort();
  28 }
  29
  30 void qemu_mutex_init(QemuMutex *mutex)
  31 {
  32     mutex->owner = 0;
  33     InitializeCriticalSection(&mutex->lock);
  34 }
  35
  36 void qemu_mutex_destroy(QemuMutex *mutex)
  37 {
  38     assert(mutex->owner == 0);
  39     DeleteCriticalSection(&mutex->lock);
  40 }
  41
  42 void qemu_mutex_lock(QemuMutex *mutex)
  43 {
  44     EnterCriticalSection(&mutex->lock);
  45
  46     /* Win32 CRITICAL_SECTIONs are recursive.  Assert that we're not
  47      * using them as such.
  48      */
  49     assert(mutex->owner == 0);
  50     mutex->owner = GetCurrentThreadId();
  51 }
  52
  53 int qemu_mutex_trylock(QemuMutex *mutex)
  54 {
  55     int owned;
  56
  57     owned = TryEnterCriticalSection(&mutex->lock);
  58     if (owned) {
  59         assert(mutex->owner == 0);
  60         mutex->owner = GetCurrentThreadId();
  61     }
  62     return !owned;
  63 }
  64
  65 void qemu_mutex_unlock(QemuMutex *mutex)
  66 {
  67     assert(mutex->owner == GetCurrentThreadId());
  68     mutex->owner = 0;
  69     LeaveCriticalSection(&mutex->lock);
  70 }
  71
  72 void qemu_cond_init(QemuCond *cond)
  73 {
  74     memset(cond, 0, sizeof(*cond));
  75
  76     cond->sema = CreateSemaphore(NULL, 0, LONG_MAX, NULL);
  77     if (!cond->sema) {
  78         error_exit(GetLastError(), __func__);
  79     }
  80     cond->continue_event = CreateEvent(NULL,    /* security */
  81                                        FALSE,   /* auto-reset */
  82                                        FALSE,   /* not signaled */
  83                                        NULL);   /* name */
  84     if (!cond->continue_event) {
  85         error_exit(GetLastError(), __func__);
  86     }
  87 }
  88
  89 void qemu_cond_destroy(QemuCond *cond)
  90 {
  91     BOOL result;
  92     result = CloseHandle(cond->continue_event);
  93     if (!result) {
  94         error_exit(GetLastError(), __func__);
  95     }
  96     cond->continue_event = 0;
  97     result = CloseHandle(cond->sema);
  98     if (!result) {
  99         error_exit(GetLastError(), __func__);
 100     }
 101     cond->sema = 0;
 102 }
 103
 104 void qemu_cond_signal(QemuCond *cond)
 105 {
 106     DWORD result;
 107
 108     /*
 109      * Signal only when there are waiters.  cond->waiters is
 110      * incremented by pthread_cond_wait under the external lock,
 111      * so we are safe about that.
 112      */
 113     if (cond->waiters == 0) {
 114         return;
 115     }
 116
 117     /*
 118      * Waiting threads decrement it outside the external lock, but
 119      * only if another thread is executing pthread_cond_broadcast and
 120      * has the mutex.  So, it also cannot be decremented concurrently
 121      * with this particular access.
 122      */
 123     cond->target = cond->waiters - 1;
 124     result = SignalObjectAndWait(cond->sema, cond->continue_event,
 125                                  INFINITE, FALSE);
 126     if (result == WAIT_ABANDONED || result == WAIT_FAILED) {
 127         error_exit(GetLastError(), __func__);
 128     }
 129 }
 130
 131 void qemu_cond_broadcast(QemuCond *cond)
 132 {
 133     BOOLEAN result;
 134     /*
 135      * As in pthread_cond_signal, access to cond->waiters and
 136      * cond->target is locked via the external mutex.
 137      */
 138     if (cond->waiters == 0) {
 139         return;
 140     }
 141
 142     cond->target = 0;
 143     result = ReleaseSemaphore(cond->sema, cond->waiters, NULL);
 144     if (!result) {
 145         error_exit(GetLastError(), __func__);
 146     }
 147
 148     /*
 149      * At this point all waiters continue. Each one takes its
 150      * slice of the semaphore. Now it's our turn to wait: Since
 151      * the external mutex is held, no thread can leave cond_wait,
 152      * yet. For this reason, we can be sure that no thread gets
 153      * a chance to eat *more* than one slice. OTOH, it means
 154      * that the last waiter must send us a wake-up.
 155      */
 156     WaitForSingleObject(cond->continue_event, INFINITE);
 157 }
 158
 159 void qemu_cond_wait(QemuCond *cond, QemuMutex *mutex)
 160 {
 161     /*
 162      * This access is protected under the mutex.
 163      */
 164     cond->waiters++;
 165
 166     /*
 167      * Unlock external mutex and wait for signal.
 168      * NOTE: we've held mutex locked long enough to increment
 169      * waiters count above, so there's no problem with
 170      * leaving mutex unlocked before we wait on semaphore.
 171      */
 172     qemu_mutex_unlock(mutex);
 173     WaitForSingleObject(cond->sema, INFINITE);
 174
 175     /* Now waiters must rendez-vous with the signaling thread and
 176      * let it continue.  For cond_broadcast this has heavy contention
 177      * and triggers thundering herd.  So goes life.
 178      *
 179      * Decrease waiters count.  The mutex is not taken, so we have
 180      * to do this atomically.
 181      *
 182      * All waiters contend for the mutex at the end of this function
 183      * until the signaling thread relinquishes it.  To ensure
 184      * each waiter consumes exactly one slice of the semaphore,
 185      * the signaling thread stops until it is told by the last
 186      * waiter that it can go on.
 187      */
 188     if (InterlockedDecrement(&cond->waiters) == cond->target) {
 189         SetEvent(cond->continue_event);
 190     }
 191
 192     qemu_mutex_lock(mutex);
 193 }
 194
 195 void qemu_sem_init(QemuSemaphore *sem, int init)
 196 {
 197     /* Manual reset.  */
 198     sem->sema = CreateSemaphore(NULL, init, LONG_MAX, NULL);
 199 }
 200
 201 void qemu_sem_destroy(QemuSemaphore *sem)
 202 {
 203     CloseHandle(sem->sema);
 204 }
 205
 206 void qemu_sem_post(QemuSemaphore *sem)
 207 {
 208     ReleaseSemaphore(sem->sema, 1, NULL);
 209 }
 210
 211 int qemu_sem_timedwait(QemuSemaphore *sem, int ms)
 212 {
 213     int rc = WaitForSingleObject(sem->sema, ms);
 214     if (rc == WAIT_OBJECT_0) {
 215         return 0;
 216     }
 217     if (rc != WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
 218         error_exit(GetLastError(), __func__);
 219     }
 220     return -1;
 221 }
 222
 223 void qemu_sem_wait(QemuSemaphore *sem)
 224 {
 225     if (WaitForSingleObject(sem->sema, INFINITE) != WAIT_OBJECT_0) {
 226         error_exit(GetLastError(), __func__);
 227     }
 228 }
 229
 230 struct QemuThreadData {
 231     /* Passed to win32_start_routine.  */
 232     void             *(*start_routine)(void *);
 233     void             *arg;
 234     short             mode;
 235
 236     /* Only used for joinable threads. */
 237     bool              exited;
 238     void             *ret;
 239     CRITICAL_SECTION  cs;
 240 };
 241
 242 static int qemu_thread_tls_index = TLS_OUT_OF_INDEXES;
 243
 244 static unsigned __stdcall win32_start_routine(void *arg)
 245 {
 246     QemuThreadData *data = (QemuThreadData *) arg;
 247     void *(*start_routine)(void *) = data->start_routine;
 248     void *thread_arg = data->arg;
 249
 250     if (data->mode == QEMU_THREAD_DETACHED) {
 251         g_free(data);
 252         data = NULL;
 253     }
 254     TlsSetValue(qemu_thread_tls_index, data);
 255     qemu_thread_exit(start_routine(thread_arg));
 256     abort();
 257 }
 258
 259 void qemu_thread_exit(void *arg)
 260 {
 261     QemuThreadData *data = TlsGetValue(qemu_thread_tls_index);
 262     if (data) {
 263         assert(data->mode != QEMU_THREAD_DETACHED);
 264         data->ret = arg;
 265         EnterCriticalSection(&data->cs);
 266         data->exited = true;
 267         LeaveCriticalSection(&data->cs);
 268     }
 269     _endthreadex(0);
 270 }
 271
 272 void *qemu_thread_join(QemuThread *thread)
 273 {
 274     QemuThreadData *data;
 275     void *ret;
 276     HANDLE handle;
 277
 278     data = thread->data;
 279     if (!data) {
 280         return NULL;
 281     }
 282     /*
 283      * Because multiple copies of the QemuThread can exist via
 284      * qemu_thread_get_self, we need to store a value that cannot
 285      * leak there.  The simplest, non racy way is to store the TID,
 286      * discard the handle that _beginthreadex gives back, and
 287      * get another copy of the handle here.
 288      */
 289     handle = qemu_thread_get_handle(thread);
 290     if (handle) {
 291         WaitForSingleObject(handle, INFINITE);
 292         CloseHandle(handle);
 293     }
 294     ret = data->ret;
 295     assert(data->mode != QEMU_THREAD_DETACHED);
 296     DeleteCriticalSection(&data->cs);
 297     g_free(data);
 298     return ret;
 299 }
 300
 301 static inline void qemu_thread_init(void)
 302 {
 303     if (qemu_thread_tls_index == TLS_OUT_OF_INDEXES) {
 304         qemu_thread_tls_index = TlsAlloc();
 305         if (qemu_thread_tls_index == TLS_OUT_OF_INDEXES) {
 306             error_exit(ERROR_NO_SYSTEM_RESOURCES, __func__);
 307         }
 308     }
 309 }
 310
 311
 312 void qemu_thread_create(QemuThread *thread,
 313                        void *(*start_routine)(void *),
 314                        void *arg, int mode)
 315 {
 316     HANDLE hThread;
 317
 318     struct QemuThreadData *data;
 319     qemu_thread_init();
 320     data = g_malloc(sizeof *data);
 321     data->start_routine = start_routine;
 322     data->arg = arg;
 323     data->mode = mode;
 324     data->exited = false;
 325
 326     if (data->mode != QEMU_THREAD_DETACHED) {
 327         InitializeCriticalSection(&data->cs);
 328     }
 329
 330     hThread = (HANDLE) _beginthreadex(NULL, 0, win32_start_routine,
 331                                       data, 0, &thread->tid);
 332     if (!hThread) {
 333         error_exit(GetLastError(), __func__);
 334     }
 335     CloseHandle(hThread);
 336     thread->data = (mode == QEMU_THREAD_DETACHED) ? NULL : data;
 337 }
 338
 339 void qemu_thread_get_self(QemuThread *thread)
 340 {
 341     qemu_thread_init();
 342     thread->data = TlsGetValue(qemu_thread_tls_index);
 343     thread->tid = GetCurrentThreadId();
 344 }
 345
 346 HANDLE qemu_thread_get_handle(QemuThread *thread)
 347 {
 348     QemuThreadData *data;
 349     HANDLE handle;
 350
 351     data = thread->data;
 352     if (!data) {
 353         return NULL;
 354     }
 355
 356     assert(data->mode != QEMU_THREAD_DETACHED);
 357     EnterCriticalSection(&data->cs);
 358     if (!data->exited) {
 359         handle = OpenThread(SYNCHRONIZE | THREAD_SUSPEND_RESUME, FALSE,
 360                             thread->tid);
 361     } else {
 362         handle = NULL;
 363     }
 364     LeaveCriticalSection(&data->cs);
 365     return handle;
 366 }
 367
 368 bool qemu_thread_is_self(QemuThread *thread)
 369 {
 370     return GetCurrentThreadId() == thread->tid;
 371 }