memory.h

   1 /*
   2  * Physical memory management API
   3  *
   4  * Copyright 2011 Red Hat, Inc. and/or its affiliates
   5  *
   6  * Authors:
   7  *  Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>
   8  *
   9  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2.  See
  10  * the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
  11  *
  12  */
  13
  14 #ifndef MEMORY_H
  15 #define MEMORY_H
  16
  17 #ifndef CONFIG_USER_ONLY
  18
  19 #include <stdint.h>
  20 #include <stdbool.h>
  21 #include "qemu-common.h"
  22 #include "cpu-common.h"
  23 #include "targphys.h"
  24 #include "qemu-queue.h"
  25 #include "iorange.h"
  26 #include "ioport.h"
  27
  28 typedef struct MemoryRegionOps MemoryRegionOps;
  29 typedef struct MemoryRegion MemoryRegion;
  30 typedef struct MemoryRegionPortio MemoryRegionPortio;
  31 typedef struct MemoryRegionMmio MemoryRegionMmio;
  32
  33 /* Must match *_DIRTY_FLAGS in cpu-all.h.  To be replaced with dynamic
  34  * registration.
  35  */
  36 #define DIRTY_MEMORY_VGA       0
  37 #define DIRTY_MEMORY_CODE      1
  38 #define DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION 3
  39
  40 struct MemoryRegionMmio {
  41     CPUReadMemoryFunc *read[3];
  42     CPUWriteMemoryFunc *write[3];
  43 };
  44
  45 /*
  46  * Memory region callbacks
  47  */
  48 struct MemoryRegionOps {
  49     /* Read from the memory region. @addr is relative to @mr; @size is
  50      * in bytes. */
  51     uint64_t (*read)(void *opaque,
  52                      target_phys_addr_t addr,
  53                      unsigned size);
  54     /* Write to the memory region. @addr is relative to @mr; @size is
  55      * in bytes. */
  56     void (*write)(void *opaque,
  57                   target_phys_addr_t addr,
  58                   uint64_t data,
  59                   unsigned size);
  60
  61     enum device_endian endianness;
  62     /* Guest-visible constraints: */
  63     struct {
  64         /* If nonzero, specify bounds on access sizes beyond which a machine
  65          * check is thrown.
  66          */
  67         unsigned min_access_size;
  68         unsigned max_access_size;
  69         /* If true, unaligned accesses are supported.  Otherwise unaligned
  70          * accesses throw machine checks.
  71          */
  72          bool unaligned;
  73     } valid;
  74     /* Internal implementation constraints: */
  75     struct {
  76         /* If nonzero, specifies the minimum size implemented.  Smaller sizes
  77          * will be rounded upwards and a partial result will be returned.
  78          */
  79         unsigned min_access_size;
  80         /* If nonzero, specifies the maximum size implemented.  Larger sizes
  81          * will be done as a series of accesses with smaller sizes.
  82          */
  83         unsigned max_access_size;
  84         /* If true, unaligned accesses are supported.  Otherwise all accesses
  85          * are converted to (possibly multiple) naturally aligned accesses.
  86          */
  87          bool unaligned;
  88     } impl;
  89
  90     /* If .read and .write are not present, old_portio may be used for
  91      * backwards compatibility with old portio registration
  92      */
  93     const MemoryRegionPortio *old_portio;
  94     /* If .read and .write are not present, old_mmio may be used for
  95      * backwards compatibility with old mmio registration
  96      */
  97     const MemoryRegionMmio old_mmio;
  98 };
  99
 100 typedef struct CoalescedMemoryRange CoalescedMemoryRange;
 101 typedef struct MemoryRegionIoeventfd MemoryRegionIoeventfd;
 102
 103 struct MemoryRegion {
 104     /* All fields are private - violators will be prosecuted */
 105     const MemoryRegionOps *ops;
 106     void *opaque;
 107     MemoryRegion *parent;
 108     uint64_t size;
 109     target_phys_addr_t addr;
 110     target_phys_addr_t offset;
 111     bool backend_registered;
 112     void (*destructor)(MemoryRegion *mr);
 113     ram_addr_t ram_addr;
 114     IORange iorange;
 115     bool terminates;
 116     bool readable;
 117     MemoryRegion *alias;
 118     target_phys_addr_t alias_offset;
 119     unsigned priority;
 120     bool may_overlap;
 121     QTAILQ_HEAD(subregions, MemoryRegion) subregions;
 122     QTAILQ_ENTRY(MemoryRegion) subregions_link;
 123     QTAILQ_HEAD(coalesced_ranges, CoalescedMemoryRange) coalesced;
 124     const char *name;
 125     uint8_t dirty_log_mask;
 126     unsigned ioeventfd_nb;
 127     MemoryRegionIoeventfd *ioeventfds;
 128 };
 129
 130 struct MemoryRegionPortio {
 131     uint32_t offset;
 132     uint32_t len;
 133     unsigned size;
 134     IOPortReadFunc *read;
 135     IOPortWriteFunc *write;
 136 };
 137
 138 #define PORTIO_END_OF_LIST() { }
 139
 140 /**
 141  * memory_region_init: Initialize a memory region
 142  *
 143  * The region typically acts as a container for other memory regions.  Us
 144  * memory_region_add_subregion() to add subregions.
 145  *
 146  * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized
 147  * @name: used for debugging; not visible to the user or ABI
 148  * @size: size of the region; any subregions beyond this size will be clipped
 149  */
 150 void memory_region_init(MemoryRegion *mr,
 151                         const char *name,
 152                         uint64_t size);
 153 /**
 154  * memory_region_init_io: Initialize an I/O memory region.
 155  *
 156  * Accesses into the region will be cause the callbacks in @ops to be called.
 157  * if @size is nonzero, subregions will be clipped to @size.
 158  *
 159  * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized.
 160  * @ops: a structure containing read and write callbacks to be used when
 161  *       I/O is performed on the region.
 162  * @opaque: passed to to the read and write callbacks of the @ops structure.
 163  * @name: used for debugging; not visible to the user or ABI
 164  * @size: size of the region.
 165  */
 166 void memory_region_init_io(MemoryRegion *mr,
 167                            const MemoryRegionOps *ops,
 168                            void *opaque,
 169                            const char *name,
 170                            uint64_t size);
 171
 172 /**
 173  * memory_region_init_ram:  Initialize RAM memory region.  Accesses into the
 174  *                          region will be modify memory directly.
 175  *
 176  * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized.
 177  * @dev: a device associated with the region; may be %NULL.
 178  * @name: the name of the region; the pair (@dev, @name) must be globally
 179  *        unique.  The name is part of the save/restore ABI and so cannot be
 180  *        changed.
 181  * @size: size of the region.
 182  */
 183 void memory_region_init_ram(MemoryRegion *mr,
 184                             DeviceState *dev, /* FIXME: layering violation */
 185                             const char *name,
 186                             uint64_t size);
 187
 188 /**
 189  * memory_region_init_ram:  Initialize RAM memory region from a user-provided.
 190  *                          pointer.  Accesses into the region will be modify
 191  *                          memory directly.
 192  *
 193  * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized.
 194  * @dev: a device associated with the region; may be %NULL.
 195  * @name: the name of the region; the pair (@dev, @name) must be globally
 196  *        unique.  The name is part of the save/restore ABI and so cannot be
 197  *        changed.
 198  * @size: size of the region.
 199  * @ptr: memory to be mapped; must contain at least @size bytes.
 200  */
 201 void memory_region_init_ram_ptr(MemoryRegion *mr,
 202                                 DeviceState *dev, /* FIXME: layering violation */
 203                                 const char *name,
 204                                 uint64_t size,
 205                                 void *ptr);
 206
 207 /**
 208  * memory_region_init_alias: Initialize a memory region that aliases all or a
 209  *                           part of another memory region.
 210  *
 211  * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized.
 212  * @name: used for debugging; not visible to the user or ABI
 213  * @orig: the region to be referenced; @mr will be equivalent to
 214  *        @orig between @offset and @offset + @size - 1.
 215  * @offset: start of the section in @orig to be referenced.
 216  * @size: size of the region.
 217  */
 218 void memory_region_init_alias(MemoryRegion *mr,
 219                               const char *name,
 220                               MemoryRegion *orig,
 221                               target_phys_addr_t offset,
 222                               uint64_t size);
 223
 224 /**
 225  * memory_region_init_rom_device:  Initialize a ROM memory region.  Writes are
 226  *                                 handled via callbacks.
 227  *
 228  * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized.
 229  * @ops: callbacks for write access handling.
 230  * @dev: a device associated with the region; may be %NULL.
 231  * @name: the name of the region; the pair (@dev, @name) must be globally
 232  *        unique.  The name is part of the save/restore ABI and so cannot be
 233  *        changed.
 234  * @size: size of the region.
 235  */
 236 void memory_region_init_rom_device(MemoryRegion *mr,
 237                                    const MemoryRegionOps *ops,
 238                                    void *opaque,
 239                                    DeviceState *dev, /* FIXME: layering violation */
 240                                    const char *name,
 241                                    uint64_t size);
 242
 243 /**
 244  * memory_region_destroy: Destroy a memory region and relaim all resources.
 245  *
 246  * @mr: the region to be destroyed.  May not currently be a subregion
 247  *      (see memory_region_add_subregion()) or referenced in an alias
 248  *      (see memory_region_init_alias()).
 249  */
 250 void memory_region_destroy(MemoryRegion *mr);
 251
 252 /**
 253  * memory_region_size: get a memory region's size.
 254  *
 255  * @mr: the memory region being queried.
 256  */
 257 uint64_t memory_region_size(MemoryRegion *mr);
 258
 259 /**
 260  * memory_region_get_ram_ptr: Get a pointer into a RAM memory region.
 261  *
 262  * Returns a host pointer to a RAM memory region (created with
 263  * memory_region_init_ram() or memory_region_init_ram_ptr()).  Use with
 264  * care.
 265  *
 266  * @mr: the memory region being queried.
 267  */
 268 void *memory_region_get_ram_ptr(MemoryRegion *mr);
 269
 270 /**
 271  * memory_region_set_offset: Sets an offset to be added to MemoryRegionOps
 272  *                           callbacks.
 273  *
 274  * This function is deprecated and should not be used in new code.
 275  */
 276 void memory_region_set_offset(MemoryRegion *mr, target_phys_addr_t offset);
 277
 278 /**
 279  * memory_region_set_log: Turn dirty logging on or off for a region.
 280  *
 281  * Turns dirty logging on or off for a specified client (display, migration).
 282  * Only meaningful for RAM regions.
 283  *
 284  * @mr: the memory region being updated.
 285  * @log: whether dirty logging is to be enabled or disabled.
 286  * @client: the user of the logging information; %DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION or
 287  *          %DIRTY_MEMORY_VGA.
 288  */
 289 void memory_region_set_log(MemoryRegion *mr, bool log, unsigned client);
 290
 291 /**
 292  * memory_region_get_dirty: Check whether a page is dirty for a specified
 293  *                          client.
 294  *
 295  * Checks whether a page has been written to since the last
 296  * call to memory_region_reset_dirty() with the same @client.  Dirty logging
 297  * must be enabled.
 298  *
 299  * @mr: the memory region being queried.
 300  * @addr: the address (relative to the start of the region) being queried.
 301  * @client: the user of the logging information; %DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION or
 302  *          %DIRTY_MEMORY_VGA.
 303  */
 304 bool memory_region_get_dirty(MemoryRegion *mr, target_phys_addr_t addr,
 305                              unsigned client);
 306
 307 /**
 308  * memory_region_set_dirty: Mark a page as dirty in a memory region.
 309  *
 310  * Marks a page as dirty, after it has been dirtied outside guest code.
 311  *
 312  * @mr: the memory region being queried.
 313  * @addr: the address (relative to the start of the region) being dirtied.
 314  */
 315 void memory_region_set_dirty(MemoryRegion *mr, target_phys_addr_t addr);
 316
 317 /**
 318  * memory_region_sync_dirty_bitmap: Synchronize a region's dirty bitmap with
 319  *                                  any external TLBs (e.g. kvm)
 320  *
 321  * Flushes dirty information from accelerators such as kvm and vhost-net
 322  * and makes it available to users of the memory API.
 323  *
 324  * @mr: the region being flushed.
 325  */
 326 void memory_region_sync_dirty_bitmap(MemoryRegion *mr);
 327
 328 /**
 329  * memory_region_reset_dirty: Mark a range of pages as clean, for a specified
 330  *                            client.
 331  *
 332  * Marks a range of pages as no longer dirty.
 333  *
 334  * @mr: the region being updated.
 335  * @addr: the start of the subrange being cleaned.
 336  * @size: the size of the subrange being cleaned.
 337  * @client: the user of the logging information; %DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION or
 338  *          %DIRTY_MEMORY_VGA.
 339  */
 340 void memory_region_reset_dirty(MemoryRegion *mr, target_phys_addr_t addr,
 341                                target_phys_addr_t size, unsigned client);
 342
 343 /**
 344  * memory_region_set_readonly: Turn a memory region read-only (or read-write)
 345  *
 346  * Allows a memory region to be marked as read-only (turning it into a ROM).
 347  * only useful on RAM regions.
 348  *
 349  * @mr: the region being updated.
 350  * @readonly: whether rhe region is to be ROM or RAM.
 351  */
 352 void memory_region_set_readonly(MemoryRegion *mr, bool readonly);
 353
 354 /**
 355  * memory_region_rom_device_set_readable: enable/disable ROM readability
 356  *
 357  * Allows a ROM device (initialized with memory_region_init_rom_device() to
 358  * to be marked as readable (default) or not readable.  When it is readable,
 359  * the device is mapped to guest memory.  When not readable, reads are
 360  * forwarded to the #MemoryRegion.read function.
 361  *
 362  * @mr: the memory region to be updated
 363  * @readable: whether reads are satisified directly (%true) or via callbacks
 364  *            (%false)
 365  */
 366 void memory_region_rom_device_set_readable(MemoryRegion *mr, bool readable);
 367
 368 /**
 369  * memory_region_set_coalescing: Enable memory coalescing for the region.
 370  *
 371  * Enabled writes to a region to be queued for later processing. MMIO ->write
 372  * callbacks may be delayed until a non-coalesced MMIO is issued.
 373  * Only useful for IO regions.  Roughly similar to write-combining hardware.
 374  *
 375  * @mr: the memory region to be write coalesced
 376  */
 377 void memory_region_set_coalescing(MemoryRegion *mr);
 378
 379 /**
 380  * memory_region_add_coalescing: Enable memory coalescing for a sub-range of
 381  *                               a region.
 382  *
 383  * Like memory_region_set_coalescing(), but works on a sub-range of a region.
 384  * Multiple calls can be issued coalesced disjoint ranges.
 385  *
 386  * @mr: the memory region to be updated.
 387  * @offset: the start of the range within the region to be coalesced.
 388  * @size: the size of the subrange to be coalesced.
 389  */
 390 void memory_region_add_coalescing(MemoryRegion *mr,
 391                                   target_phys_addr_t offset,
 392                                   uint64_t size);
 393
 394 /**
 395  * memory_region_clear_coalescing: Disable MMIO coalescing for the region.
 396  *
 397  * Disables any coalescing caused by memory_region_set_coalescing() or
 398  * memory_region_add_coalescing().  Roughly equivalent to uncacheble memory
 399  * hardware.
 400  *
 401  * @mr: the memory region to be updated.
 402  */
 403 void memory_region_clear_coalescing(MemoryRegion *mr);
 404
 405 /**
 406  * memory_region_add_eventfd: Request an eventfd to be triggered when a word
 407  *                            is written to a location.
 408  *
 409  * Marks a word in an IO region (initialized with memory_region_init_io())
 410  * as a trigger for an eventfd event.  The I/O callback will not be called.
 411  * The caller must be prepared to handle failure (hat is, take the required
 412  * action if the callback _is_ called).
 413  *
 414  * @mr: the memory region being updated.
 415  * @addr: the address within @mr that is to be monitored
 416  * @size: the size of the access to trigger the eventfd
 417  * @match_data: whether to match against @data, instead of just @addr
 418  * @data: the data to match against the guest write
 419  * @fd: the eventfd to be triggered when @addr, @size, and @data all match.
 420  **/
 421 void memory_region_add_eventfd(MemoryRegion *mr,
 422                                target_phys_addr_t addr,
 423                                unsigned size,
 424                                bool match_data,
 425                                uint64_t data,
 426                                int fd);
 427
 428 /**
 429  * memory_region_del_eventfd: Cancel and eventfd.
 430  *
 431  * Cancels an eventfd trigger request by a previous memory_region_add_eventfd()
 432  * call.
 433  *
 434  * @mr: the memory region being updated.
 435  * @addr: the address within @mr that is to be monitored
 436  * @size: the size of the access to trigger the eventfd
 437  * @match_data: whether to match against @data, instead of just @addr
 438  * @data: the data to match against the guest write
 439  * @fd: the eventfd to be triggered when @addr, @size, and @data all match.
 440  */
 441 void memory_region_del_eventfd(MemoryRegion *mr,
 442                                target_phys_addr_t addr,
 443                                unsigned size,
 444                                bool match_data,
 445                                uint64_t data,
 446                                int fd);
 447 /**
 448  * memory_region_add_subregion: Add a sub-region to a container.
 449  *
 450  * Adds a sub-region at @offset.  The sub-region may not overlap with other
 451  * subregions (except for those explicitly marked as overlapping).  A region
 452  * may only be added once as a subregion (unless removed with
 453  * memory_region_del_subregion()); use memory_region_init_alias() if you
 454  * want a region to be a subregion in multiple locations.
 455  *
 456  * @mr: the region to contain the new subregion; must be a container
 457  *      initialized with memory_region_init().
 458  * @offset: the offset relative to @mr where @subregion is added.
 459  * @subregion: the subregion to be added.
 460  */
 461 void memory_region_add_subregion(MemoryRegion *mr,
 462                                  target_phys_addr_t offset,
 463                                  MemoryRegion *subregion);
 464 /**
 465  * memory_region_add_subregion: Add a sub-region to a container, with overlap.
 466  *
 467  * Adds a sub-region at @offset.  The sub-region may overlap with other
 468  * subregions.  Conflicts are resolved by having a higher @priority hide a
 469  * lower @priority. Subregions without priority are taken as @priority 0.
 470  * A region may only be added once as a subregion (unless removed with
 471  * memory_region_del_subregion()); use memory_region_init_alias() if you
 472  * want a region to be a subregion in multiple locations.
 473  *
 474  * @mr: the region to contain the new subregion; must be a container
 475  *      initialized with memory_region_init().
 476  * @offset: the offset relative to @mr where @subregion is added.
 477  * @subregion: the subregion to be added.
 478  * @priority: used for resolving overlaps; highest priority wins.
 479  */
 480 void memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(MemoryRegion *mr,
 481                                          target_phys_addr_t offset,
 482                                          MemoryRegion *subregion,
 483                                          unsigned priority);
 484 /**
 485  * memory_region_del_subregion: Remove a subregion.
 486  *
 487  * Removes a subregion from its container.
 488  *
 489  * @mr: the container to be updated.
 490  * @subregion: the region being removed; must be a current subregion of @mr.
 491  */
 492 void memory_region_del_subregion(MemoryRegion *mr,
 493                                  MemoryRegion *subregion);
 494
 495 /* Start a transaction; changes will be accumulated and made visible only
 496  * when the transaction ends.
 497  */
 498 void memory_region_transaction_begin(void);
 499 /* Commit a transaction and make changes visible to the guest.
 500  */
 501 void memory_region_transaction_commit(void);
 502
 503 #endif
 504
 505 #endif