1 # mach-virt - VirtIO guest (graphical console)
2 # =========================================================
6 # $ qemu-system-aarch64 \
8 # -readconfig mach-virt-graphical.cfg \
11 # You will probably need to tweak the lines marked as
12 # CHANGE ME before being able to use this configuration!
14 # The guest will have a selection of VirtIO devices
15 # tailored towards optimal performance with modern guests,
16 # and will be accessed through a graphical console.
18 # ---------------------------------------------------------
20 # Using -nodefaults is required to have full control over
21 # the virtual hardware: when it's specified, QEMU will
22 # populate the board with only the builtin peripherals,
23 # such as the PL011 UART, plus a PCI Express Root Bus; the
24 # user will then have to explicitly add further devices.
26 # The PCI Express Root Bus shows up in the guest as:
30 # This configuration file adds a number of other useful
31 # devices, more specifically:
33 # 00:01.0 Display controller
34 # 00.1c.* PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports)
35 # 01:00.0 SCSI storage controller
36 # 02:00.0 Ethernet controller
37 # 03:00.0 USB controller
39 # More information about these devices is available below.
43 # =========================================================
45 # We use the virt machine type and enable KVM acceleration
46 # for better performance.
48 # Using less than 1 GiB of memory is probably not going to
49 # yield good performance in the guest, and might even lead
50 # to obscure boot issues in some cases.
52 # Unfortunately, there is no way to configure the CPU model
53 # in this file, so it will have to be provided on the
54 # command line, but we can configure the guest to use the
55 # same GIC version as the host.
66 # Firmware configuration
67 # =========================================================
69 # There are two parts to the firmware: a read-only image
70 # containing the executable code, which is shared between
71 # guests, and a read/write variable store that is owned
72 # by one specific guest, exclusively, and is used to
73 # record information such as the UEFI boot order.
75 # For any new guest, its permanent, private variable store
76 # should initially be copied from the template file
77 # provided along with the firmware binary.
79 # Depending on the OS distribution you're using on the
80 # host, the name of the package containing the firmware
81 # binary and variable store template, as well as the paths
82 # to the files themselves, will be different. For example:
86 # /usr/share/edk2/aarch64/QEMU_EFI-pflash.raw (bin)
87 # /usr/share/edk2/aarch64/vars-template-pflash.raw (var)
91 # /usr/share/AAVMF/AAVMF_CODE.fd (bin)
92 # /usr/share/AAVMF/AAVMF_VARS.fd (var)
96 # /usr/share/AAVMF/AAVMF_CODE.fd (bin)
97 # /usr/share/AAVMF/AAVMF_VARS.fd (var)
100 file = "/usr/share/AAVMF/AAVMF_CODE.fd" # CHANGE ME
106 [drive "uefi-varstore"]
107 file = "guest_VARS.fd" # CHANGE ME
113 # PCI bridge (PCI Express Root Ports)
114 # =========================================================
116 # We create eight PCI Express Root Ports, and we plug them
117 # all into separate functions of the same slot. Some of
118 # them will be used by devices, the rest will remain
119 # available for hotplug.
122 driver = "pcie-root-port"
130 driver = "pcie-root-port"
137 driver = "pcie-root-port"
144 driver = "pcie-root-port"
151 driver = "pcie-root-port"
158 driver = "pcie-root-port"
165 driver = "pcie-root-port"
172 driver = "pcie-root-port"
179 # SCSI storage controller (and storage)
180 # =========================================================
182 # We use virtio-scsi here so that we can (hot)plug a large
183 # number of disks without running into issues; a SCSI disk,
184 # backed by a qcow2 disk image on the host's filesystem, is
187 # We also create an optical disk, mostly for installation
188 # purposes: once the guest OS has been succesfully
189 # installed, the guest will no longer boot from optical
190 # media. If you don't want, or no longer want, to have an
191 # optical disk in the guest you can safely comment out
192 # all relevant sections below.
195 driver = "virtio-scsi-pci"
206 file = "guest.qcow2" # CHANGE ME
210 [device "scsi-optical-disk"]
213 drive = "optical-disk"
216 [drive "optical-disk"]
217 file = "install.iso" # CHANGE ME
222 # Ethernet controller
223 # =========================================================
225 # We use virtio-net for improved performance over emulated
226 # hardware; on the host side, we take advantage of user
227 # networking so that the QEMU process doesn't require any
228 # additional privileges.
234 driver = "virtio-net-pci"
240 # USB controller (and input devices)
241 # =========================================================
243 # We add a virtualization-friendly USB 3.0 controller and
244 # a USB keyboard / USB tablet combo so that graphical
245 # guests can be controlled appropriately.
248 driver = "nec-usb-xhci"
257 driver = "usb-tablet"
262 # =========================================================
264 # We use virtio-gpu because the legacy VGA framebuffer is
265 # very troublesome on aarch64, and virtio-gpu is the only
266 # video device that doesn't implement it.
268 # If you're running the guest on a remote, potentially
269 # headless host, you will probably want to append something
272 # -display vnc=127.0.0.1:0
274 # to the command line in order to prevent QEMU from
275 # creating a graphical display window on the host and
276 # enable remote access instead.
279 driver = "virtio-gpu"