block/vmdk.c

   1 /*
   2  * Block driver for the VMDK format
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (c) 2004 Fabrice Bellard
   5  * Copyright (c) 2005 Filip Navara
   6  *
   7  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
   8  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
   9  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
  10  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
  11  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
  12  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
  13  *
  14  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
  15  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
  16  *
  17  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
  18  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
  19  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
  20  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
  21  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
  22  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
  23  * THE SOFTWARE.
  24  */
  25
  26 #include "qemu-common.h"
  27 #include "block/block_int.h"
  28 #include "qemu/module.h"
  29 #include "migration/migration.h"
  30 #include <zlib.h>
  31
  32 #define VMDK3_MAGIC (('C' << 24) | ('O' << 16) | ('W' << 8) | 'D')
  33 #define VMDK4_MAGIC (('K' << 24) | ('D' << 16) | ('M' << 8) | 'V')
  34 #define VMDK4_COMPRESSION_DEFLATE 1
  35 #define VMDK4_FLAG_RGD (1 << 1)
  36 #define VMDK4_FLAG_COMPRESS (1 << 16)
  37 #define VMDK4_FLAG_MARKER (1 << 17)
  38 #define VMDK4_GD_AT_END 0xffffffffffffffffULL
  39
  40 typedef struct {
  41     uint32_t version;
  42     uint32_t flags;
  43     uint32_t disk_sectors;
  44     uint32_t granularity;
  45     uint32_t l1dir_offset;
  46     uint32_t l1dir_size;
  47     uint32_t file_sectors;
  48     uint32_t cylinders;
  49     uint32_t heads;
  50     uint32_t sectors_per_track;
  51 } VMDK3Header;
  52
  53 typedef struct {
  54     uint32_t version;
  55     uint32_t flags;
  56     int64_t capacity;
  57     int64_t granularity;
  58     int64_t desc_offset;
  59     int64_t desc_size;
  60     int32_t num_gtes_per_gte;
  61     int64_t rgd_offset;
  62     int64_t gd_offset;
  63     int64_t grain_offset;
  64     char filler[1];
  65     char check_bytes[4];
  66     uint16_t compressAlgorithm;
  67 } QEMU_PACKED VMDK4Header;
  68
  69 #define L2_CACHE_SIZE 16
  70
  71 typedef struct VmdkExtent {
  72     BlockDriverState *file;
  73     bool flat;
  74     bool compressed;
  75     bool has_marker;
  76     int64_t sectors;
  77     int64_t end_sector;
  78     int64_t flat_start_offset;
  79     int64_t l1_table_offset;
  80     int64_t l1_backup_table_offset;
  81     uint32_t *l1_table;
  82     uint32_t *l1_backup_table;
  83     unsigned int l1_size;
  84     uint32_t l1_entry_sectors;
  85
  86     unsigned int l2_size;
  87     uint32_t *l2_cache;
  88     uint32_t l2_cache_offsets[L2_CACHE_SIZE];
  89     uint32_t l2_cache_counts[L2_CACHE_SIZE];
  90
  91     unsigned int cluster_sectors;
  92 } VmdkExtent;
  93
  94 typedef struct BDRVVmdkState {
  95     CoMutex lock;
  96     int desc_offset;
  97     bool cid_updated;
  98     uint32_t parent_cid;
  99     int num_extents;
 100     /* Extent array with num_extents entries, ascend ordered by address */
 101     VmdkExtent *extents;
 102     Error *migration_blocker;
 103 } BDRVVmdkState;
 104
 105 typedef struct VmdkMetaData {
 106     uint32_t offset;
 107     unsigned int l1_index;
 108     unsigned int l2_index;
 109     unsigned int l2_offset;
 110     int valid;
 111 } VmdkMetaData;
 112
 113 typedef struct VmdkGrainMarker {
 114     uint64_t lba;
 115     uint32_t size;
 116     uint8_t  data[0];
 117 } VmdkGrainMarker;
 118
 119 enum {
 120     MARKER_END_OF_STREAM    = 0,
 121     MARKER_GRAIN_TABLE      = 1,
 122     MARKER_GRAIN_DIRECTORY  = 2,
 123     MARKER_FOOTER           = 3,
 124 };
 125
 126 static int vmdk_probe(const uint8_t *buf, int buf_size, const char *filename)
 127 {
 128     uint32_t magic;
 129
 130     if (buf_size < 4) {
 131         return 0;
 132     }
 133     magic = be32_to_cpu(*(uint32_t *)buf);
 134     if (magic == VMDK3_MAGIC ||
 135         magic == VMDK4_MAGIC) {
 136         return 100;
 137     } else {
 138         const char *p = (const char *)buf;
 139         const char *end = p + buf_size;
 140         while (p < end) {
 141             if (*p == '#') {
 142                 /* skip comment line */
 143                 while (p < end && *p != '\n') {
 144                     p++;
 145                 }
 146                 p++;
 147                 continue;
 148             }
 149             if (*p == ' ') {
 150                 while (p < end && *p == ' ') {
 151                     p++;
 152                 }
 153                 /* skip '\r' if windows line endings used. */
 154                 if (p < end && *p == '\r') {
 155                     p++;
 156                 }
 157                 /* only accept blank lines before 'version=' line */
 158                 if (p == end || *p != '\n') {
 159                     return 0;
 160                 }
 161                 p++;
 162                 continue;
 163             }
 164             if (end - p >= strlen("version=X\n")) {
 165                 if (strncmp("version=1\n", p, strlen("version=1\n")) == 0 ||
 166                     strncmp("version=2\n", p, strlen("version=2\n")) == 0) {
 167                     return 100;
 168                 }
 169             }
 170             if (end - p >= strlen("version=X\r\n")) {
 171                 if (strncmp("version=1\r\n", p, strlen("version=1\r\n")) == 0 ||
 172                     strncmp("version=2\r\n", p, strlen("version=2\r\n")) == 0) {
 173                     return 100;
 174                 }
 175             }
 176             return 0;
 177         }
 178         return 0;
 179     }
 180 }
 181
 182 #define CHECK_CID 1
 183
 184 #define SECTOR_SIZE 512
 185 #define DESC_SIZE (20 * SECTOR_SIZE)    /* 20 sectors of 512 bytes each */
 186 #define BUF_SIZE 4096
 187 #define HEADER_SIZE 512                 /* first sector of 512 bytes */
 188
 189 static void vmdk_free_extents(BlockDriverState *bs)
 190 {
 191     int i;
 192     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
 193     VmdkExtent *e;
 194
 195     for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
 196         e = &s->extents[i];
 197         g_free(e->l1_table);
 198         g_free(e->l2_cache);
 199         g_free(e->l1_backup_table);
 200         if (e->file != bs->file) {
 201             bdrv_delete(e->file);
 202         }
 203     }
 204     g_free(s->extents);
 205 }
 206
 207 static void vmdk_free_last_extent(BlockDriverState *bs)
 208 {
 209     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
 210
 211     if (s->num_extents == 0) {
 212         return;
 213     }
 214     s->num_extents--;
 215     s->extents = g_realloc(s->extents, s->num_extents * sizeof(VmdkExtent));
 216 }
 217
 218 static uint32_t vmdk_read_cid(BlockDriverState *bs, int parent)
 219 {
 220     char desc[DESC_SIZE];
 221     uint32_t cid = 0xffffffff;
 222     const char *p_name, *cid_str;
 223     size_t cid_str_size;
 224     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
 225     int ret;
 226
 227     ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, s->desc_offset, desc, DESC_SIZE);
 228     if (ret < 0) {
 229         return 0;
 230     }
 231
 232     if (parent) {
 233         cid_str = "parentCID";
 234         cid_str_size = sizeof("parentCID");
 235     } else {
 236         cid_str = "CID";
 237         cid_str_size = sizeof("CID");
 238     }
 239
 240     desc[DESC_SIZE - 1] = '\0';
 241     p_name = strstr(desc, cid_str);
 242     if (p_name != NULL) {
 243         p_name += cid_str_size;
 244         sscanf(p_name, "%x", &cid);
 245     }
 246
 247     return cid;
 248 }
 249
 250 static int vmdk_write_cid(BlockDriverState *bs, uint32_t cid)
 251 {
 252     char desc[DESC_SIZE], tmp_desc[DESC_SIZE];
 253     char *p_name, *tmp_str;
 254     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
 255     int ret;
 256
 257     ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, s->desc_offset, desc, DESC_SIZE);
 258     if (ret < 0) {
 259         return ret;
 260     }
 261
 262     desc[DESC_SIZE - 1] = '\0';
 263     tmp_str = strstr(desc, "parentCID");
 264     if (tmp_str == NULL) {
 265         return -EINVAL;
 266     }
 267
 268     pstrcpy(tmp_desc, sizeof(tmp_desc), tmp_str);
 269     p_name = strstr(desc, "CID");
 270     if (p_name != NULL) {
 271         p_name += sizeof("CID");
 272         snprintf(p_name, sizeof(desc) - (p_name - desc), "%x\n", cid);
 273         pstrcat(desc, sizeof(desc), tmp_desc);
 274     }
 275
 276     ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file, s->desc_offset, desc, DESC_SIZE);
 277     if (ret < 0) {
 278         return ret;
 279     }
 280
 281     return 0;
 282 }
 283
 284 static int vmdk_is_cid_valid(BlockDriverState *bs)
 285 {
 286 #ifdef CHECK_CID
 287     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
 288     BlockDriverState *p_bs = bs->backing_hd;
 289     uint32_t cur_pcid;
 290
 291     if (p_bs) {
 292         cur_pcid = vmdk_read_cid(p_bs, 0);
 293         if (s->parent_cid != cur_pcid) {
 294             /* CID not valid */
 295             return 0;
 296         }
 297     }
 298 #endif
 299     /* CID valid */
 300     return 1;
 301 }
 302
 303 /* Queue extents, if any, for reopen() */
 304 static int vmdk_reopen_prepare(BDRVReopenState *state,
 305                                BlockReopenQueue *queue, Error **errp)
 306 {
 307     BDRVVmdkState *s;
 308     int ret = -1;
 309     int i;
 310     VmdkExtent *e;
 311
 312     assert(state != NULL);
 313     assert(state->bs != NULL);
 314
 315     if (queue == NULL) {
 316         error_set(errp, ERROR_CLASS_GENERIC_ERROR,
 317                  "No reopen queue for VMDK extents");
 318         goto exit;
 319     }
 320
 321     s = state->bs->opaque;
 322
 323     assert(s != NULL);
 324
 325     for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
 326         e = &s->extents[i];
 327         if (e->file != state->bs->file) {
 328             bdrv_reopen_queue(queue, e->file, state->flags);
 329         }
 330     }
 331     ret = 0;
 332
 333 exit:
 334     return ret;
 335 }
 336
 337 static int vmdk_parent_open(BlockDriverState *bs)
 338 {
 339     char *p_name;
 340     char desc[DESC_SIZE + 1];
 341     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
 342     int ret;
 343
 344     desc[DESC_SIZE] = '\0';
 345     ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, s->desc_offset, desc, DESC_SIZE);
 346     if (ret < 0) {
 347         return ret;
 348     }
 349
 350     p_name = strstr(desc, "parentFileNameHint");
 351     if (p_name != NULL) {
 352         char *end_name;
 353
 354         p_name += sizeof("parentFileNameHint") + 1;
 355         end_name = strchr(p_name, '\"');
 356         if (end_name == NULL) {
 357             return -EINVAL;
 358         }
 359         if ((end_name - p_name) > sizeof(bs->backing_file) - 1) {
 360             return -EINVAL;
 361         }
 362
 363         pstrcpy(bs->backing_file, end_name - p_name + 1, p_name);
 364     }
 365
 366     return 0;
 367 }
 368
 369 /* Create and append extent to the extent array. Return the added VmdkExtent
 370  * address. return NULL if allocation failed. */
 371 static VmdkExtent *vmdk_add_extent(BlockDriverState *bs,
 372                            BlockDriverState *file, bool flat, int64_t sectors,
 373                            int64_t l1_offset, int64_t l1_backup_offset,
 374                            uint32_t l1_size,
 375                            int l2_size, unsigned int cluster_sectors)
 376 {
 377     VmdkExtent *extent;
 378     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
 379
 380     s->extents = g_realloc(s->extents,
 381                               (s->num_extents + 1) * sizeof(VmdkExtent));
 382     extent = &s->extents[s->num_extents];
 383     s->num_extents++;
 384
 385     memset(extent, 0, sizeof(VmdkExtent));
 386     extent->file = file;
 387     extent->flat = flat;
 388     extent->sectors = sectors;
 389     extent->l1_table_offset = l1_offset;
 390     extent->l1_backup_table_offset = l1_backup_offset;
 391     extent->l1_size = l1_size;
 392     extent->l1_entry_sectors = l2_size * cluster_sectors;
 393     extent->l2_size = l2_size;
 394     extent->cluster_sectors = cluster_sectors;
 395
 396     if (s->num_extents > 1) {
 397         extent->end_sector = (*(extent - 1)).end_sector + extent->sectors;
 398     } else {
 399         extent->end_sector = extent->sectors;
 400     }
 401     bs->total_sectors = extent->end_sector;
 402     return extent;
 403 }
 404
 405 static int vmdk_init_tables(BlockDriverState *bs, VmdkExtent *extent)
 406 {
 407     int ret;
 408     int l1_size, i;
 409
 410     /* read the L1 table */
 411     l1_size = extent->l1_size * sizeof(uint32_t);
 412     extent->l1_table = g_malloc(l1_size);
 413     ret = bdrv_pread(extent->file,
 414                     extent->l1_table_offset,
 415                     extent->l1_table,
 416                     l1_size);
 417     if (ret < 0) {
 418         goto fail_l1;
 419     }
 420     for (i = 0; i < extent->l1_size; i++) {
 421         le32_to_cpus(&extent->l1_table[i]);
 422     }
 423
 424     if (extent->l1_backup_table_offset) {
 425         extent->l1_backup_table = g_malloc(l1_size);
 426         ret = bdrv_pread(extent->file,
 427                         extent->l1_backup_table_offset,
 428                         extent->l1_backup_table,
 429                         l1_size);
 430         if (ret < 0) {
 431             goto fail_l1b;
 432         }
 433         for (i = 0; i < extent->l1_size; i++) {
 434             le32_to_cpus(&extent->l1_backup_table[i]);
 435         }
 436     }
 437
 438     extent->l2_cache =
 439         g_malloc(extent->l2_size * L2_CACHE_SIZE * sizeof(uint32_t));
 440     return 0;
 441  fail_l1b:
 442     g_free(extent->l1_backup_table);
 443  fail_l1:
 444     g_free(extent->l1_table);
 445     return ret;
 446 }
 447
 448 static int vmdk_open_vmdk3(BlockDriverState *bs,
 449                            BlockDriverState *file,
 450                            int flags)
 451 {
 452     int ret;
 453     uint32_t magic;
 454     VMDK3Header header;
 455     VmdkExtent *extent;
 456
 457     ret = bdrv_pread(file, sizeof(magic), &header, sizeof(header));
 458     if (ret < 0) {
 459         return ret;
 460     }
 461     extent = vmdk_add_extent(bs,
 462                              bs->file, false,
 463                              le32_to_cpu(header.disk_sectors),
 464                              le32_to_cpu(header.l1dir_offset) << 9,
 465                              0, 1 << 6, 1 << 9,
 466                              le32_to_cpu(header.granularity));
 467     ret = vmdk_init_tables(bs, extent);
 468     if (ret) {
 469         /* free extent allocated by vmdk_add_extent */
 470         vmdk_free_last_extent(bs);
 471     }
 472     return ret;
 473 }
 474
 475 static int vmdk_open_desc_file(BlockDriverState *bs, int flags,
 476                                int64_t desc_offset);
 477
 478 static int vmdk_open_vmdk4(BlockDriverState *bs,
 479                            BlockDriverState *file,
 480                            int flags)
 481 {
 482     int ret;
 483     uint32_t magic;
 484     uint32_t l1_size, l1_entry_sectors;
 485     VMDK4Header header;
 486     VmdkExtent *extent;
 487     int64_t l1_backup_offset = 0;
 488
 489     ret = bdrv_pread(file, sizeof(magic), &header, sizeof(header));
 490     if (ret < 0) {
 491         return ret;
 492     }
 493     if (header.capacity == 0 && header.desc_offset) {
 494         return vmdk_open_desc_file(bs, flags, header.desc_offset << 9);
 495     }
 496
 497     if (le64_to_cpu(header.gd_offset) == VMDK4_GD_AT_END) {
 498         /*
 499          * The footer takes precedence over the header, so read it in. The
 500          * footer starts at offset -1024 from the end: One sector for the
 501          * footer, and another one for the end-of-stream marker.
 502          */
 503         struct {
 504             struct {
 505                 uint64_t val;
 506                 uint32_t size;
 507                 uint32_t type;
 508                 uint8_t pad[512 - 16];
 509             } QEMU_PACKED footer_marker;
 510
 511             uint32_t magic;
 512             VMDK4Header header;
 513             uint8_t pad[512 - 4 - sizeof(VMDK4Header)];
 514
 515             struct {
 516                 uint64_t val;
 517                 uint32_t size;
 518                 uint32_t type;
 519                 uint8_t pad[512 - 16];
 520             } QEMU_PACKED eos_marker;
 521         } QEMU_PACKED footer;
 522
 523         ret = bdrv_pread(file,
 524             bs->file->total_sectors * 512 - 1536,
 525             &footer, sizeof(footer));
 526         if (ret < 0) {
 527             return ret;
 528         }
 529
 530         /* Some sanity checks for the footer */
 531         if (be32_to_cpu(footer.magic) != VMDK4_MAGIC ||
 532             le32_to_cpu(footer.footer_marker.size) != 0  ||
 533             le32_to_cpu(footer.footer_marker.type) != MARKER_FOOTER ||
 534             le64_to_cpu(footer.eos_marker.val) != 0  ||
 535             le32_to_cpu(footer.eos_marker.size) != 0  ||
 536             le32_to_cpu(footer.eos_marker.type) != MARKER_END_OF_STREAM)
 537         {
 538             return -EINVAL;
 539         }
 540
 541         header = footer.header;
 542     }
 543
 544     l1_entry_sectors = le32_to_cpu(header.num_gtes_per_gte)
 545                         * le64_to_cpu(header.granularity);
 546     if (l1_entry_sectors == 0) {
 547         return -EINVAL;
 548     }
 549     l1_size = (le64_to_cpu(header.capacity) + l1_entry_sectors - 1)
 550                 / l1_entry_sectors;
 551     if (le32_to_cpu(header.flags) & VMDK4_FLAG_RGD) {
 552         l1_backup_offset = le64_to_cpu(header.rgd_offset) << 9;
 553     }
 554     extent = vmdk_add_extent(bs, file, false,
 555                           le64_to_cpu(header.capacity),
 556                           le64_to_cpu(header.gd_offset) << 9,
 557                           l1_backup_offset,
 558                           l1_size,
 559                           le32_to_cpu(header.num_gtes_per_gte),
 560                           le64_to_cpu(header.granularity));
 561     extent->compressed =
 562         le16_to_cpu(header.compressAlgorithm) == VMDK4_COMPRESSION_DEFLATE;
 563     extent->has_marker = le32_to_cpu(header.flags) & VMDK4_FLAG_MARKER;
 564     ret = vmdk_init_tables(bs, extent);
 565     if (ret) {
 566         /* free extent allocated by vmdk_add_extent */
 567         vmdk_free_last_extent(bs);
 568     }
 569     return ret;
 570 }
 571
 572 /* find an option value out of descriptor file */
 573 static int vmdk_parse_description(const char *desc, const char *opt_name,
 574         char *buf, int buf_size)
 575 {
 576     char *opt_pos, *opt_end;
 577     const char *end = desc + strlen(desc);
 578
 579     opt_pos = strstr(desc, opt_name);
 580     if (!opt_pos) {
 581         return -1;
 582     }
 583     /* Skip "=\"" following opt_name */
 584     opt_pos += strlen(opt_name) + 2;
 585     if (opt_pos >= end) {
 586         return -1;
 587     }
 588     opt_end = opt_pos;
 589     while (opt_end < end && *opt_end != '"') {
 590         opt_end++;
 591     }
 592     if (opt_end == end || buf_size < opt_end - opt_pos + 1) {
 593         return -1;
 594     }
 595     pstrcpy(buf, opt_end - opt_pos + 1, opt_pos);
 596     return 0;
 597 }
 598
 599 /* Open an extent file and append to bs array */
 600 static int vmdk_open_sparse(BlockDriverState *bs,
 601                             BlockDriverState *file,
 602                             int flags)
 603 {
 604     uint32_t magic;
 605
 606     if (bdrv_pread(file, 0, &magic, sizeof(magic)) != sizeof(magic)) {
 607         return -EIO;
 608     }
 609
 610     magic = be32_to_cpu(magic);
 611     switch (magic) {
 612         case VMDK3_MAGIC:
 613             return vmdk_open_vmdk3(bs, file, flags);
 614             break;
 615         case VMDK4_MAGIC:
 616             return vmdk_open_vmdk4(bs, file, flags);
 617             break;
 618         default:
 619             return -EMEDIUMTYPE;
 620             break;
 621     }
 622 }
 623
 624 static int vmdk_parse_extents(const char *desc, BlockDriverState *bs,
 625         const char *desc_file_path)
 626 {
 627     int ret;
 628     char access[11];
 629     char type[11];
 630     char fname[512];
 631     const char *p = desc;
 632     int64_t sectors = 0;
 633     int64_t flat_offset;
 634     char extent_path[PATH_MAX];
 635     BlockDriverState *extent_file;
 636
 637     while (*p) {
 638         /* parse extent line:
 639          * RW [size in sectors] FLAT "file-name.vmdk" OFFSET
 640          * or
 641          * RW [size in sectors] SPARSE "file-name.vmdk"
 642          */
 643         flat_offset = -1;
 644         ret = sscanf(p, "%10s %" SCNd64 " %10s \"%511[^\n\r\"]\" %" SCNd64,
 645                 access, &sectors, type, fname, &flat_offset);
 646         if (ret < 4 || strcmp(access, "RW")) {
 647             goto next_line;
 648         } else if (!strcmp(type, "FLAT")) {
 649             if (ret != 5 || flat_offset < 0) {
 650                 return -EINVAL;
 651             }
 652         } else if (ret != 4) {
 653             return -EINVAL;
 654         }
 655
 656         if (sectors <= 0 ||
 657             (strcmp(type, "FLAT") && strcmp(type, "SPARSE")) ||
 658             (strcmp(access, "RW"))) {
 659             goto next_line;
 660         }
 661
 662         path_combine(extent_path, sizeof(extent_path),
 663                 desc_file_path, fname);
 664         ret = bdrv_file_open(&extent_file, extent_path, NULL, bs->open_flags);
 665         if (ret) {
 666             return ret;
 667         }
 668
 669         /* save to extents array */
 670         if (!strcmp(type, "FLAT")) {
 671             /* FLAT extent */
 672             VmdkExtent *extent;
 673
 674             extent = vmdk_add_extent(bs, extent_file, true, sectors,
 675                             0, 0, 0, 0, sectors);
 676             extent->flat_start_offset = flat_offset << 9;
 677         } else if (!strcmp(type, "SPARSE")) {
 678             /* SPARSE extent */
 679             ret = vmdk_open_sparse(bs, extent_file, bs->open_flags);
 680             if (ret) {
 681                 bdrv_delete(extent_file);
 682                 return ret;
 683             }
 684         } else {
 685             fprintf(stderr,
 686                 "VMDK: Not supported extent type \"%s\""".\n", type);
 687             return -ENOTSUP;
 688         }
 689 next_line:
 690         /* move to next line */
 691         while (*p && *p != '\n') {
 692             p++;
 693         }
 694         p++;
 695     }
 696     return 0;
 697 }
 698
 699 static int vmdk_open_desc_file(BlockDriverState *bs, int flags,
 700                                int64_t desc_offset)
 701 {
 702     int ret;
 703     char buf[2048];
 704     char ct[128];
 705     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
 706
 707     ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, desc_offset, buf, sizeof(buf));
 708     if (ret < 0) {
 709         return ret;
 710     }
 711     buf[2047] = '\0';
 712     if (vmdk_parse_description(buf, "createType", ct, sizeof(ct))) {
 713         return -EMEDIUMTYPE;
 714     }
 715     if (strcmp(ct, "monolithicFlat") &&
 716         strcmp(ct, "twoGbMaxExtentSparse") &&
 717         strcmp(ct, "twoGbMaxExtentFlat")) {
 718         fprintf(stderr,
 719                 "VMDK: Not supported image type \"%s\""".\n", ct);
 720         return -ENOTSUP;
 721     }
 722     s->desc_offset = 0;
 723     return vmdk_parse_extents(buf, bs, bs->file->filename);
 724 }
 725
 726 static int vmdk_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict *options, int flags)
 727 {
 728     int ret;
 729     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
 730
 731     if (vmdk_open_sparse(bs, bs->file, flags) == 0) {
 732         s->desc_offset = 0x200;
 733     } else {
 734         ret = vmdk_open_desc_file(bs, flags, 0);
 735         if (ret) {
 736             goto fail;
 737         }
 738     }
 739     /* try to open parent images, if exist */
 740     ret = vmdk_parent_open(bs);
 741     if (ret) {
 742         goto fail;
 743     }
 744     s->parent_cid = vmdk_read_cid(bs, 1);
 745     qemu_co_mutex_init(&s->lock);
 746
 747     /* Disable migration when VMDK images are used */
 748     error_set(&s->migration_blocker,
 749               QERR_BLOCK_FORMAT_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED,
 750               "vmdk", bs->device_name, "live migration");
 751     migrate_add_blocker(s->migration_blocker);
 752
 753     return 0;
 754
 755 fail:
 756     vmdk_free_extents(bs);
 757     return ret;
 758 }
 759
 760 static int get_whole_cluster(BlockDriverState *bs,
 761                 VmdkExtent *extent,
 762                 uint64_t cluster_offset,
 763                 uint64_t offset,
 764                 bool allocate)
 765 {
 766     /* 128 sectors * 512 bytes each = grain size 64KB */
 767     uint8_t  whole_grain[extent->cluster_sectors * 512];
 768
 769     /* we will be here if it's first write on non-exist grain(cluster).
 770      * try to read from parent image, if exist */
 771     if (bs->backing_hd) {
 772         int ret;
 773
 774         if (!vmdk_is_cid_valid(bs)) {
 775             return -1;
 776         }
 777
 778         /* floor offset to cluster */
 779         offset -= offset % (extent->cluster_sectors * 512);
 780         ret = bdrv_read(bs->backing_hd, offset >> 9, whole_grain,
 781                 extent->cluster_sectors);
 782         if (ret < 0) {
 783             return -1;
 784         }
 785
 786         /* Write grain only into the active image */
 787         ret = bdrv_write(extent->file, cluster_offset, whole_grain,
 788                 extent->cluster_sectors);
 789         if (ret < 0) {
 790             return -1;
 791         }
 792     }
 793     return 0;
 794 }
 795
 796 static int vmdk_L2update(VmdkExtent *extent, VmdkMetaData *m_data)
 797 {
 798     /* update L2 table */
 799     if (bdrv_pwrite_sync(
 800                 extent->file,
 801                 ((int64_t)m_data->l2_offset * 512)
 802                     + (m_data->l2_index * sizeof(m_data->offset)),
 803                 &(m_data->offset),
 804                 sizeof(m_data->offset)
 805             ) < 0) {
 806         return -1;
 807     }
 808     /* update backup L2 table */
 809     if (extent->l1_backup_table_offset != 0) {
 810         m_data->l2_offset = extent->l1_backup_table[m_data->l1_index];
 811         if (bdrv_pwrite_sync(
 812                     extent->file,
 813                     ((int64_t)m_data->l2_offset * 512)
 814                         + (m_data->l2_index * sizeof(m_data->offset)),
 815                     &(m_data->offset), sizeof(m_data->offset)
 816                 ) < 0) {
 817             return -1;
 818         }
 819     }
 820
 821     return 0;
 822 }
 823
 824 static int get_cluster_offset(BlockDriverState *bs,
 825                                     VmdkExtent *extent,
 826                                     VmdkMetaData *m_data,
 827                                     uint64_t offset,
 828                                     int allocate,
 829                                     uint64_t *cluster_offset)
 830 {
 831     unsigned int l1_index, l2_offset, l2_index;
 832     int min_index, i, j;
 833     uint32_t min_count, *l2_table, tmp = 0;
 834
 835     if (m_data) {
 836         m_data->valid = 0;
 837     }
 838     if (extent->flat) {
 839         *cluster_offset = extent->flat_start_offset;
 840         return 0;
 841     }
 842
 843     offset -= (extent->end_sector - extent->sectors) * SECTOR_SIZE;
 844     l1_index = (offset >> 9) / extent->l1_entry_sectors;
 845     if (l1_index >= extent->l1_size) {
 846         return -1;
 847     }
 848     l2_offset = extent->l1_table[l1_index];
 849     if (!l2_offset) {
 850         return -1;
 851     }
 852     for (i = 0; i < L2_CACHE_SIZE; i++) {
 853         if (l2_offset == extent->l2_cache_offsets[i]) {
 854             /* increment the hit count */
 855             if (++extent->l2_cache_counts[i] == 0xffffffff) {
 856                 for (j = 0; j < L2_CACHE_SIZE; j++) {
 857                     extent->l2_cache_counts[j] >>= 1;
 858                 }
 859             }
 860             l2_table = extent->l2_cache + (i * extent->l2_size);
 861             goto found;
 862         }
 863     }
 864     /* not found: load a new entry in the least used one */
 865     min_index = 0;
 866     min_count = 0xffffffff;
 867     for (i = 0; i < L2_CACHE_SIZE; i++) {
 868         if (extent->l2_cache_counts[i] < min_count) {
 869             min_count = extent->l2_cache_counts[i];
 870             min_index = i;
 871         }
 872     }
 873     l2_table = extent->l2_cache + (min_index * extent->l2_size);
 874     if (bdrv_pread(
 875                 extent->file,
 876                 (int64_t)l2_offset * 512,
 877                 l2_table,
 878                 extent->l2_size * sizeof(uint32_t)
 879             ) != extent->l2_size * sizeof(uint32_t)) {
 880         return -1;
 881     }
 882
 883     extent->l2_cache_offsets[min_index] = l2_offset;
 884     extent->l2_cache_counts[min_index] = 1;
 885  found:
 886     l2_index = ((offset >> 9) / extent->cluster_sectors) % extent->l2_size;
 887     *cluster_offset = le32_to_cpu(l2_table[l2_index]);
 888
 889     if (!*cluster_offset) {
 890         if (!allocate) {
 891             return -1;
 892         }
 893
 894         /* Avoid the L2 tables update for the images that have snapshots. */
 895         *cluster_offset = bdrv_getlength(extent->file);
 896         if (!extent->compressed) {
 897             bdrv_truncate(
 898                 extent->file,
 899                 *cluster_offset + (extent->cluster_sectors << 9)
 900             );
 901         }
 902
 903         *cluster_offset >>= 9;
 904         tmp = cpu_to_le32(*cluster_offset);
 905         l2_table[l2_index] = tmp;
 906
 907         /* First of all we write grain itself, to avoid race condition
 908          * that may to corrupt the image.
 909          * This problem may occur because of insufficient space on host disk
 910          * or inappropriate VM shutdown.
 911          */
 912         if (get_whole_cluster(
 913                 bs, extent, *cluster_offset, offset, allocate) == -1) {
 914             return -1;
 915         }
 916
 917         if (m_data) {
 918             m_data->offset = tmp;
 919             m_data->l1_index = l1_index;
 920             m_data->l2_index = l2_index;
 921             m_data->l2_offset = l2_offset;
 922             m_data->valid = 1;
 923         }
 924     }
 925     *cluster_offset <<= 9;
 926     return 0;
 927 }
 928
 929 static VmdkExtent *find_extent(BDRVVmdkState *s,
 930                                 int64_t sector_num, VmdkExtent *start_hint)
 931 {
 932     VmdkExtent *extent = start_hint;
 933
 934     if (!extent) {
 935         extent = &s->extents[0];
 936     }
 937     while (extent < &s->extents[s->num_extents]) {
 938         if (sector_num < extent->end_sector) {
 939             return extent;
 940         }
 941         extent++;
 942     }
 943     return NULL;
 944 }
 945
 946 static int coroutine_fn vmdk_co_is_allocated(BlockDriverState *bs,
 947         int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors, int *pnum)
 948 {
 949     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
 950     int64_t index_in_cluster, n, ret;
 951     uint64_t offset;
 952     VmdkExtent *extent;
 953
 954     extent = find_extent(s, sector_num, NULL);
 955     if (!extent) {
 956         return 0;
 957     }
 958     qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
 959     ret = get_cluster_offset(bs, extent, NULL,
 960                             sector_num * 512, 0, &offset);
 961     qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
 962     /* get_cluster_offset returning 0 means success */
 963     ret = !ret;
 964
 965     index_in_cluster = sector_num % extent->cluster_sectors;
 966     n = extent->cluster_sectors - index_in_cluster;
 967     if (n > nb_sectors) {
 968         n = nb_sectors;
 969     }
 970     *pnum = n;
 971     return ret;
 972 }
 973
 974 static int vmdk_write_extent(VmdkExtent *extent, int64_t cluster_offset,
 975                             int64_t offset_in_cluster, const uint8_t *buf,
 976                             int nb_sectors, int64_t sector_num)
 977 {
 978     int ret;
 979     VmdkGrainMarker *data = NULL;
 980     uLongf buf_len;
 981     const uint8_t *write_buf = buf;
 982     int write_len = nb_sectors * 512;
 983
 984     if (extent->compressed) {
 985         if (!extent->has_marker) {
 986             ret = -EINVAL;
 987             goto out;
 988         }
 989         buf_len = (extent->cluster_sectors << 9) * 2;
 990         data = g_malloc(buf_len + sizeof(VmdkGrainMarker));
 991         if (compress(data->data, &buf_len, buf, nb_sectors << 9) != Z_OK ||
 992                 buf_len == 0) {
 993             ret = -EINVAL;
 994             goto out;
 995         }
 996         data->lba = sector_num;
 997         data->size = buf_len;
 998         write_buf = (uint8_t *)data;
 999         write_len = buf_len + sizeof(VmdkGrainMarker);
1000     }
1001     ret = bdrv_pwrite(extent->file,
1002                         cluster_offset + offset_in_cluster,
1003                         write_buf,
1004                         write_len);
1005     if (ret != write_len) {
1006         ret = ret < 0 ? ret : -EIO;
1007         goto out;
1008     }
1009     ret = 0;
1010  out:
1011     g_free(data);
1012     return ret;
1013 }
1014
1015 static int vmdk_read_extent(VmdkExtent *extent, int64_t cluster_offset,
1016                             int64_t offset_in_cluster, uint8_t *buf,
1017                             int nb_sectors)
1018 {
1019     int ret;
1020     int cluster_bytes, buf_bytes;
1021     uint8_t *cluster_buf, *compressed_data;
1022     uint8_t *uncomp_buf;
1023     uint32_t data_len;
1024     VmdkGrainMarker *marker;
1025     uLongf buf_len;
1026
1027
1028     if (!extent->compressed) {
1029         ret = bdrv_pread(extent->file,
1030                           cluster_offset + offset_in_cluster,
1031                           buf, nb_sectors * 512);
1032         if (ret == nb_sectors * 512) {
1033             return 0;
1034         } else {
1035             return -EIO;
1036         }
1037     }
1038     cluster_bytes = extent->cluster_sectors * 512;
1039     /* Read two clusters in case GrainMarker + compressed data > one cluster */
1040     buf_bytes = cluster_bytes * 2;
1041     cluster_buf = g_malloc(buf_bytes);
1042     uncomp_buf = g_malloc(cluster_bytes);
1043     ret = bdrv_pread(extent->file,
1044                 cluster_offset,
1045                 cluster_buf, buf_bytes);
1046     if (ret < 0) {
1047         goto out;
1048     }
1049     compressed_data = cluster_buf;
1050     buf_len = cluster_bytes;
1051     data_len = cluster_bytes;
1052     if (extent->has_marker) {
1053         marker = (VmdkGrainMarker *)cluster_buf;
1054         compressed_data = marker->data;
1055         data_len = le32_to_cpu(marker->size);
1056     }
1057     if (!data_len || data_len > buf_bytes) {
1058         ret = -EINVAL;
1059         goto out;
1060     }
1061     ret = uncompress(uncomp_buf, &buf_len, compressed_data, data_len);
1062     if (ret != Z_OK) {
1063         ret = -EINVAL;
1064         goto out;
1065
1066     }
1067     if (offset_in_cluster < 0 ||
1068             offset_in_cluster + nb_sectors * 512 > buf_len) {
1069         ret = -EINVAL;
1070         goto out;
1071     }
1072     memcpy(buf, uncomp_buf + offset_in_cluster, nb_sectors * 512);
1073     ret = 0;
1074
1075  out:
1076     g_free(uncomp_buf);
1077     g_free(cluster_buf);
1078     return ret;
1079 }
1080
1081 static int vmdk_read(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
1082                     uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
1083 {
1084     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1085     int ret;
1086     uint64_t n, index_in_cluster;
1087     uint64_t extent_begin_sector, extent_relative_sector_num;
1088     VmdkExtent *extent = NULL;
1089     uint64_t cluster_offset;
1090
1091     while (nb_sectors > 0) {
1092         extent = find_extent(s, sector_num, extent);
1093         if (!extent) {
1094             return -EIO;
1095         }
1096         ret = get_cluster_offset(
1097                             bs, extent, NULL,
1098                             sector_num << 9, 0, &cluster_offset);
1099         extent_begin_sector = extent->end_sector - extent->sectors;
1100         extent_relative_sector_num = sector_num - extent_begin_sector;
1101         index_in_cluster = extent_relative_sector_num % extent->cluster_sectors;
1102         n = extent->cluster_sectors - index_in_cluster;
1103         if (n > nb_sectors) {
1104             n = nb_sectors;
1105         }
1106         if (ret) {
1107             /* if not allocated, try to read from parent image, if exist */
1108             if (bs->backing_hd) {
1109                 if (!vmdk_is_cid_valid(bs)) {
1110                     return -EINVAL;
1111                 }
1112                 ret = bdrv_read(bs->backing_hd, sector_num, buf, n);
1113                 if (ret < 0) {
1114                     return ret;
1115                 }
1116             } else {
1117                 memset(buf, 0, 512 * n);
1118             }
1119         } else {
1120             ret = vmdk_read_extent(extent,
1121                             cluster_offset, index_in_cluster * 512,
1122                             buf, n);
1123             if (ret) {
1124                 return ret;
1125             }
1126         }
1127         nb_sectors -= n;
1128         sector_num += n;
1129         buf += n * 512;
1130     }
1131     return 0;
1132 }
1133
1134 static coroutine_fn int vmdk_co_read(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
1135                                      uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
1136 {
1137     int ret;
1138     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1139     qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1140     ret = vmdk_read(bs, sector_num, buf, nb_sectors);
1141     qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1142     return ret;
1143 }
1144
1145 static int vmdk_write(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
1146                      const uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
1147 {
1148     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1149     VmdkExtent *extent = NULL;
1150     int n, ret;
1151     int64_t index_in_cluster;
1152     uint64_t extent_begin_sector, extent_relative_sector_num;
1153     uint64_t cluster_offset;
1154     VmdkMetaData m_data;
1155
1156     if (sector_num > bs->total_sectors) {
1157         fprintf(stderr,
1158                 "(VMDK) Wrong offset: sector_num=0x%" PRIx64
1159                 " total_sectors=0x%" PRIx64 "\n",
1160                 sector_num, bs->total_sectors);
1161         return -EIO;
1162     }
1163
1164     while (nb_sectors > 0) {
1165         extent = find_extent(s, sector_num, extent);
1166         if (!extent) {
1167             return -EIO;
1168         }
1169         ret = get_cluster_offset(
1170                                 bs,
1171                                 extent,
1172                                 &m_data,
1173                                 sector_num << 9, !extent->compressed,
1174                                 &cluster_offset);
1175         if (extent->compressed) {
1176             if (ret == 0) {
1177                 /* Refuse write to allocated cluster for streamOptimized */
1178                 fprintf(stderr,
1179                         "VMDK: can't write to allocated cluster"
1180                         " for streamOptimized\n");
1181                 return -EIO;
1182             } else {
1183                 /* allocate */
1184                 ret = get_cluster_offset(
1185                                         bs,
1186                                         extent,
1187                                         &m_data,
1188                                         sector_num << 9, 1,
1189                                         &cluster_offset);
1190             }
1191         }
1192         if (ret) {
1193             return -EINVAL;
1194         }
1195         extent_begin_sector = extent->end_sector - extent->sectors;
1196         extent_relative_sector_num = sector_num - extent_begin_sector;
1197         index_in_cluster = extent_relative_sector_num % extent->cluster_sectors;
1198         n = extent->cluster_sectors - index_in_cluster;
1199         if (n > nb_sectors) {
1200             n = nb_sectors;
1201         }
1202
1203         ret = vmdk_write_extent(extent,
1204                         cluster_offset, index_in_cluster * 512,
1205                         buf, n, sector_num);
1206         if (ret) {
1207             return ret;
1208         }
1209         if (m_data.valid) {
1210             /* update L2 tables */
1211             if (vmdk_L2update(extent, &m_data) == -1) {
1212                 return -EIO;
1213             }
1214         }
1215         nb_sectors -= n;
1216         sector_num += n;
1217         buf += n * 512;
1218
1219         /* update CID on the first write every time the virtual disk is
1220          * opened */
1221         if (!s->cid_updated) {
1222             ret = vmdk_write_cid(bs, time(NULL));
1223             if (ret < 0) {
1224                 return ret;
1225             }
1226             s->cid_updated = true;
1227         }
1228     }
1229     return 0;
1230 }
1231
1232 static coroutine_fn int vmdk_co_write(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
1233                                       const uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
1234 {
1235     int ret;
1236     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1237     qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1238     ret = vmdk_write(bs, sector_num, buf, nb_sectors);
1239     qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1240     return ret;
1241 }
1242
1243
1244 static int vmdk_create_extent(const char *filename, int64_t filesize,
1245                               bool flat, bool compress)
1246 {
1247     int ret, i;
1248     int fd = 0;
1249     VMDK4Header header;
1250     uint32_t tmp, magic, grains, gd_size, gt_size, gt_count;
1251
1252     fd = qemu_open(filename,
1253                    O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_BINARY | O_LARGEFILE,
1254                    0644);
1255     if (fd < 0) {
1256         return -errno;
1257     }
1258     if (flat) {
1259         ret = ftruncate(fd, filesize);
1260         if (ret < 0) {
1261             ret = -errno;
1262         }
1263         goto exit;
1264     }
1265     magic = cpu_to_be32(VMDK4_MAGIC);
1266     memset(&header, 0, sizeof(header));
1267     header.version = 1;
1268     header.flags =
1269         3 | (compress ? VMDK4_FLAG_COMPRESS | VMDK4_FLAG_MARKER : 0);
1270     header.compressAlgorithm = compress ? VMDK4_COMPRESSION_DEFLATE : 0;
1271     header.capacity = filesize / 512;
1272     header.granularity = 128;
1273     header.num_gtes_per_gte = 512;
1274
1275     grains = (filesize / 512 + header.granularity - 1) / header.granularity;
1276     gt_size = ((header.num_gtes_per_gte * sizeof(uint32_t)) + 511) >> 9;
1277     gt_count =
1278         (grains + header.num_gtes_per_gte - 1) / header.num_gtes_per_gte;
1279     gd_size = (gt_count * sizeof(uint32_t) + 511) >> 9;
1280
1281     header.desc_offset = 1;
1282     header.desc_size = 20;
1283     header.rgd_offset = header.desc_offset + header.desc_size;
1284     header.gd_offset = header.rgd_offset + gd_size + (gt_size * gt_count);
1285     header.grain_offset =
1286        ((header.gd_offset + gd_size + (gt_size * gt_count) +
1287          header.granularity - 1) / header.granularity) *
1288         header.granularity;
1289     /* swap endianness for all header fields */
1290     header.version = cpu_to_le32(header.version);
1291     header.flags = cpu_to_le32(header.flags);
1292     header.capacity = cpu_to_le64(header.capacity);
1293     header.granularity = cpu_to_le64(header.granularity);
1294     header.num_gtes_per_gte = cpu_to_le32(header.num_gtes_per_gte);
1295     header.desc_offset = cpu_to_le64(header.desc_offset);
1296     header.desc_size = cpu_to_le64(header.desc_size);
1297     header.rgd_offset = cpu_to_le64(header.rgd_offset);
1298     header.gd_offset = cpu_to_le64(header.gd_offset);
1299     header.grain_offset = cpu_to_le64(header.grain_offset);
1300     header.compressAlgorithm = cpu_to_le16(header.compressAlgorithm);
1301
1302     header.check_bytes[0] = 0xa;
1303     header.check_bytes[1] = 0x20;
1304     header.check_bytes[2] = 0xd;
1305     header.check_bytes[3] = 0xa;
1306
1307     /* write all the data */
1308     ret = qemu_write_full(fd, &magic, sizeof(magic));
1309     if (ret != sizeof(magic)) {
1310         ret = -errno;
1311         goto exit;
1312     }
1313     ret = qemu_write_full(fd, &header, sizeof(header));
1314     if (ret != sizeof(header)) {
1315         ret = -errno;
1316         goto exit;
1317     }
1318
1319     ret = ftruncate(fd, le64_to_cpu(header.grain_offset) << 9);
1320     if (ret < 0) {
1321         ret = -errno;
1322         goto exit;
1323     }
1324
1325     /* write grain directory */
1326     lseek(fd, le64_to_cpu(header.rgd_offset) << 9, SEEK_SET);
1327     for (i = 0, tmp = le64_to_cpu(header.rgd_offset) + gd_size;
1328          i < gt_count; i++, tmp += gt_size) {
1329         ret = qemu_write_full(fd, &tmp, sizeof(tmp));
1330         if (ret != sizeof(tmp)) {
1331             ret = -errno;
1332             goto exit;
1333         }
1334     }
1335
1336     /* write backup grain directory */
1337     lseek(fd, le64_to_cpu(header.gd_offset) << 9, SEEK_SET);
1338     for (i = 0, tmp = le64_to_cpu(header.gd_offset) + gd_size;
1339          i < gt_count; i++, tmp += gt_size) {
1340         ret = qemu_write_full(fd, &tmp, sizeof(tmp));
1341         if (ret != sizeof(tmp)) {
1342             ret = -errno;
1343             goto exit;
1344         }
1345     }
1346
1347     ret = 0;
1348  exit:
1349     qemu_close(fd);
1350     return ret;
1351 }
1352
1353 static int filename_decompose(const char *filename, char *path, char *prefix,
1354         char *postfix, size_t buf_len)
1355 {
1356     const char *p, *q;
1357
1358     if (filename == NULL || !strlen(filename)) {
1359         fprintf(stderr, "Vmdk: no filename provided.\n");
1360         return -1;
1361     }
1362     p = strrchr(filename, '/');
1363     if (p == NULL) {
1364         p = strrchr(filename, '\\');
1365     }
1366     if (p == NULL) {
1367         p = strrchr(filename, ':');
1368     }
1369     if (p != NULL) {
1370         p++;
1371         if (p - filename >= buf_len) {
1372             return -1;
1373         }
1374         pstrcpy(path, p - filename + 1, filename);
1375     } else {
1376         p = filename;
1377         path[0] = '\0';
1378     }
1379     q = strrchr(p, '.');
1380     if (q == NULL) {
1381         pstrcpy(prefix, buf_len, p);
1382         postfix[0] = '\0';
1383     } else {
1384         if (q - p >= buf_len) {
1385             return -1;
1386         }
1387         pstrcpy(prefix, q - p + 1, p);
1388         pstrcpy(postfix, buf_len, q);
1389     }
1390     return 0;
1391 }
1392
1393 static int relative_path(char *dest, int dest_size,
1394         const char *base, const char *target)
1395 {
1396     int i = 0;
1397     int n = 0;
1398     const char *p, *q;
1399 #ifdef _WIN32
1400     const char *sep = "\\";
1401 #else
1402     const char *sep = "/";
1403 #endif
1404
1405     if (!(dest && base && target)) {
1406         return -1;
1407     }
1408     if (path_is_absolute(target)) {
1409         pstrcpy(dest, dest_size, target);
1410         return 0;
1411     }
1412     while (base[i] == target[i]) {
1413         i++;
1414     }
1415     p = &base[i];
1416     q = &target[i];
1417     while (*p) {
1418         if (*p == *sep) {
1419             n++;
1420         }
1421         p++;
1422     }
1423     dest[0] = '\0';
1424     for (; n; n--) {
1425         pstrcat(dest, dest_size, "..");
1426         pstrcat(dest, dest_size, sep);
1427     }
1428     pstrcat(dest, dest_size, q);
1429     return 0;
1430 }
1431
1432 static int vmdk_create(const char *filename, QEMUOptionParameter *options)
1433 {
1434     int fd, idx = 0;
1435     char desc[BUF_SIZE];
1436     int64_t total_size = 0, filesize;
1437     const char *adapter_type = NULL;
1438     const char *backing_file = NULL;
1439     const char *fmt = NULL;
1440     int flags = 0;
1441     int ret = 0;
1442     bool flat, split, compress;
1443     char ext_desc_lines[BUF_SIZE] = "";
1444     char path[PATH_MAX], prefix[PATH_MAX], postfix[PATH_MAX];
1445     const int64_t split_size = 0x80000000;  /* VMDK has constant split size */
1446     const char *desc_extent_line;
1447     char parent_desc_line[BUF_SIZE] = "";
1448     uint32_t parent_cid = 0xffffffff;
1449     uint32_t number_heads = 16;
1450     const char desc_template[] =
1451         "# Disk DescriptorFile\n"
1452         "version=1\n"
1453         "CID=%x\n"
1454         "parentCID=%x\n"
1455         "createType=\"%s\"\n"
1456         "%s"
1457         "\n"
1458         "# Extent description\n"
1459         "%s"
1460         "\n"
1461         "# The Disk Data Base\n"
1462         "#DDB\n"
1463         "\n"
1464         "ddb.virtualHWVersion = \"%d\"\n"
1465         "ddb.geometry.cylinders = \"%" PRId64 "\"\n"
1466         "ddb.geometry.heads = \"%d\"\n"
1467         "ddb.geometry.sectors = \"63\"\n"
1468         "ddb.adapterType = \"%s\"\n";
1469
1470     if (filename_decompose(filename, path, prefix, postfix, PATH_MAX)) {
1471         return -EINVAL;
1472     }
1473     /* Read out options */
1474     while (options && options->name) {
1475         if (!strcmp(options->name, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE)) {
1476             total_size = options->value.n;
1477         } else if (!strcmp(options->name, BLOCK_OPT_ADAPTER_TYPE)) {
1478             adapter_type = options->value.s;
1479         } else if (!strcmp(options->name, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE)) {
1480             backing_file = options->value.s;
1481         } else if (!strcmp(options->name, BLOCK_OPT_COMPAT6)) {
1482             flags |= options->value.n ? BLOCK_FLAG_COMPAT6 : 0;
1483         } else if (!strcmp(options->name, BLOCK_OPT_SUBFMT)) {
1484             fmt = options->value.s;
1485         }
1486         options++;
1487     }
1488     if (!adapter_type) {
1489         adapter_type = "ide";
1490     } else if (strcmp(adapter_type, "ide") &&
1491                strcmp(adapter_type, "buslogic") &&
1492                strcmp(adapter_type, "lsilogic") &&
1493                strcmp(adapter_type, "legacyESX")) {
1494         fprintf(stderr, "VMDK: Unknown adapter type: '%s'.\n", adapter_type);
1495         return -EINVAL;
1496     }
1497     if (strcmp(adapter_type, "ide") != 0) {
1498         /* that's the number of heads with which vmware operates when
1499            creating, exporting, etc. vmdk files with a non-ide adapter type */
1500         number_heads = 255;
1501     }
1502     if (!fmt) {
1503         /* Default format to monolithicSparse */
1504         fmt = "monolithicSparse";
1505     } else if (strcmp(fmt, "monolithicFlat") &&
1506                strcmp(fmt, "monolithicSparse") &&
1507                strcmp(fmt, "twoGbMaxExtentSparse") &&
1508                strcmp(fmt, "twoGbMaxExtentFlat") &&
1509                strcmp(fmt, "streamOptimized")) {
1510         fprintf(stderr, "VMDK: Unknown subformat: %s\n", fmt);
1511         return -EINVAL;
1512     }
1513     split = !(strcmp(fmt, "twoGbMaxExtentFlat") &&
1514               strcmp(fmt, "twoGbMaxExtentSparse"));
1515     flat = !(strcmp(fmt, "monolithicFlat") &&
1516              strcmp(fmt, "twoGbMaxExtentFlat"));
1517     compress = !strcmp(fmt, "streamOptimized");
1518     if (flat) {
1519         desc_extent_line = "RW %lld FLAT \"%s\" 0\n";
1520     } else {
1521         desc_extent_line = "RW %lld SPARSE \"%s\"\n";
1522     }
1523     if (flat && backing_file) {
1524         /* not supporting backing file for flat image */
1525         return -ENOTSUP;
1526     }
1527     if (backing_file) {
1528         char parent_filename[PATH_MAX];
1529         BlockDriverState *bs = bdrv_new("");
1530         ret = bdrv_open(bs, backing_file, NULL, 0, NULL);
1531         if (ret != 0) {
1532             bdrv_delete(bs);
1533             return ret;
1534         }
1535         if (strcmp(bs->drv->format_name, "vmdk")) {
1536             bdrv_delete(bs);
1537             return -EINVAL;
1538         }
1539         parent_cid = vmdk_read_cid(bs, 0);
1540         bdrv_delete(bs);
1541         relative_path(parent_filename, sizeof(parent_filename),
1542                       filename, backing_file);
1543         snprintf(parent_desc_line, sizeof(parent_desc_line),
1544                 "parentFileNameHint=\"%s\"", parent_filename);
1545     }
1546
1547     /* Create extents */
1548     filesize = total_size;
1549     while (filesize > 0) {
1550         char desc_line[BUF_SIZE];
1551         char ext_filename[PATH_MAX];
1552         char desc_filename[PATH_MAX];
1553         int64_t size = filesize;
1554
1555         if (split && size > split_size) {
1556             size = split_size;
1557         }
1558         if (split) {
1559             snprintf(desc_filename, sizeof(desc_filename), "%s-%c%03d%s",
1560                     prefix, flat ? 'f' : 's', ++idx, postfix);
1561         } else if (flat) {
1562             snprintf(desc_filename, sizeof(desc_filename), "%s-flat%s",
1563                     prefix, postfix);
1564         } else {
1565             snprintf(desc_filename, sizeof(desc_filename), "%s%s",
1566                     prefix, postfix);
1567         }
1568         snprintf(ext_filename, sizeof(ext_filename), "%s%s",
1569                 path, desc_filename);
1570
1571         if (vmdk_create_extent(ext_filename, size, flat, compress)) {
1572             return -EINVAL;
1573         }
1574         filesize -= size;
1575
1576         /* Format description line */
1577         snprintf(desc_line, sizeof(desc_line),
1578                     desc_extent_line, size / 512, desc_filename);
1579         pstrcat(ext_desc_lines, sizeof(ext_desc_lines), desc_line);
1580     }
1581     /* generate descriptor file */
1582     snprintf(desc, sizeof(desc), desc_template,
1583             (unsigned int)time(NULL),
1584             parent_cid,
1585             fmt,
1586             parent_desc_line,
1587             ext_desc_lines,
1588             (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_COMPAT6 ? 6 : 4),
1589             total_size / (int64_t)(63 * number_heads * 512), number_heads,
1590                 adapter_type);
1591     if (split || flat) {
1592         fd = qemu_open(filename,
1593                        O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_BINARY | O_LARGEFILE,
1594                        0644);
1595     } else {
1596         fd = qemu_open(filename,
1597                        O_WRONLY | O_BINARY | O_LARGEFILE,
1598                        0644);
1599     }
1600     if (fd < 0) {
1601         return -errno;
1602     }
1603     /* the descriptor offset = 0x200 */
1604     if (!split && !flat && 0x200 != lseek(fd, 0x200, SEEK_SET)) {
1605         ret = -errno;
1606         goto exit;
1607     }
1608     ret = qemu_write_full(fd, desc, strlen(desc));
1609     if (ret != strlen(desc)) {
1610         ret = -errno;
1611         goto exit;
1612     }
1613     ret = 0;
1614 exit:
1615     qemu_close(fd);
1616     return ret;
1617 }
1618
1619 static void vmdk_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
1620 {
1621     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1622
1623     vmdk_free_extents(bs);
1624
1625     migrate_del_blocker(s->migration_blocker);
1626     error_free(s->migration_blocker);
1627 }
1628
1629 static coroutine_fn int vmdk_co_flush(BlockDriverState *bs)
1630 {
1631     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1632     int i, err;
1633     int ret = 0;
1634
1635     for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
1636         err = bdrv_co_flush(s->extents[i].file);
1637         if (err < 0) {
1638             ret = err;
1639         }
1640     }
1641     return ret;
1642 }
1643
1644 static int64_t vmdk_get_allocated_file_size(BlockDriverState *bs)
1645 {
1646     int i;
1647     int64_t ret = 0;
1648     int64_t r;
1649     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1650
1651     ret = bdrv_get_allocated_file_size(bs->file);
1652     if (ret < 0) {
1653         return ret;
1654     }
1655     for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
1656         if (s->extents[i].file == bs->file) {
1657             continue;
1658         }
1659         r = bdrv_get_allocated_file_size(s->extents[i].file);
1660         if (r < 0) {
1661             return r;
1662         }
1663         ret += r;
1664     }
1665     return ret;
1666 }
1667
1668 static QEMUOptionParameter vmdk_create_options[] = {
1669     {
1670         .name = BLOCK_OPT_SIZE,
1671         .type = OPT_SIZE,
1672         .help = "Virtual disk size"
1673     },
1674     {
1675         .name = BLOCK_OPT_ADAPTER_TYPE,
1676         .type = OPT_STRING,
1677         .help = "Virtual adapter type, can be one of "
1678                 "ide (default), lsilogic, buslogic or legacyESX"
1679     },
1680     {
1681         .name = BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE,
1682         .type = OPT_STRING,
1683         .help = "File name of a base image"
1684     },
1685     {
1686         .name = BLOCK_OPT_COMPAT6,
1687         .type = OPT_FLAG,
1688         .help = "VMDK version 6 image"
1689     },
1690     {
1691         .name = BLOCK_OPT_SUBFMT,
1692         .type = OPT_STRING,
1693         .help =
1694             "VMDK flat extent format, can be one of "
1695             "{monolithicSparse (default) | monolithicFlat | twoGbMaxExtentSparse | twoGbMaxExtentFlat | streamOptimized} "
1696     },
1697     { NULL }
1698 };
1699
1700 static BlockDriver bdrv_vmdk = {
1701     .format_name    = "vmdk",
1702     .instance_size  = sizeof(BDRVVmdkState),
1703     .bdrv_probe     = vmdk_probe,
1704     .bdrv_open      = vmdk_open,
1705     .bdrv_reopen_prepare = vmdk_reopen_prepare,
1706     .bdrv_read      = vmdk_co_read,
1707     .bdrv_write     = vmdk_co_write,
1708     .bdrv_close     = vmdk_close,
1709     .bdrv_create    = vmdk_create,
1710     .bdrv_co_flush_to_disk  = vmdk_co_flush,
1711     .bdrv_co_is_allocated   = vmdk_co_is_allocated,
1712     .bdrv_get_allocated_file_size  = vmdk_get_allocated_file_size,
1713
1714     .create_options = vmdk_create_options,
1715 };
1716
1717 static void bdrv_vmdk_init(void)
1718 {
1719     bdrv_register(&bdrv_vmdk);
1720 }
1721
1722 block_init(bdrv_vmdk_init);