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[qemu.git] / block / qcow2-refcount.c
blob7fa972a38382746b8424bc0c749a48388c993f70
1 /*
2 * Block driver for the QCOW version 2 format
4 * Copyright (c) 2004-2006 Fabrice Bellard
6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
13 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
16 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
22 * THE SOFTWARE.
25 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
26 #include "qapi/error.h"
27 #include "qemu-common.h"
28 #include "block/block_int.h"
29 #include "block/qcow2.h"
30 #include "qemu/range.h"
31 #include "qemu/bswap.h"
33 static int64_t alloc_clusters_noref(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t size);
34 static int QEMU_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT update_refcount(BlockDriverState *bs,
35 int64_t offset, int64_t length, uint64_t addend,
36 bool decrease, enum qcow2_discard_type type);
38 static uint64_t get_refcount_ro0(const void *refcount_array, uint64_t index);
39 static uint64_t get_refcount_ro1(const void *refcount_array, uint64_t index);
40 static uint64_t get_refcount_ro2(const void *refcount_array, uint64_t index);
41 static uint64_t get_refcount_ro3(const void *refcount_array, uint64_t index);
42 static uint64_t get_refcount_ro4(const void *refcount_array, uint64_t index);
43 static uint64_t get_refcount_ro5(const void *refcount_array, uint64_t index);
44 static uint64_t get_refcount_ro6(const void *refcount_array, uint64_t index);
46 static void set_refcount_ro0(void *refcount_array, uint64_t index,
47 uint64_t value);
48 static void set_refcount_ro1(void *refcount_array, uint64_t index,
49 uint64_t value);
50 static void set_refcount_ro2(void *refcount_array, uint64_t index,
51 uint64_t value);
52 static void set_refcount_ro3(void *refcount_array, uint64_t index,
53 uint64_t value);
54 static void set_refcount_ro4(void *refcount_array, uint64_t index,
55 uint64_t value);
56 static void set_refcount_ro5(void *refcount_array, uint64_t index,
57 uint64_t value);
58 static void set_refcount_ro6(void *refcount_array, uint64_t index,
59 uint64_t value);
62 static Qcow2GetRefcountFunc *const get_refcount_funcs[] = {
63 &get_refcount_ro0,
64 &get_refcount_ro1,
65 &get_refcount_ro2,
66 &get_refcount_ro3,
67 &get_refcount_ro4,
68 &get_refcount_ro5,
69 &get_refcount_ro6
72 static Qcow2SetRefcountFunc *const set_refcount_funcs[] = {
73 &set_refcount_ro0,
74 &set_refcount_ro1,
75 &set_refcount_ro2,
76 &set_refcount_ro3,
77 &set_refcount_ro4,
78 &set_refcount_ro5,
79 &set_refcount_ro6
83 /*********************************************************/
84 /* refcount handling */
86 int qcow2_refcount_init(BlockDriverState *bs)
88 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
89 unsigned int refcount_table_size2, i;
90 int ret;
92 assert(s->refcount_order >= 0 && s->refcount_order <= 6);
94 s->get_refcount = get_refcount_funcs[s->refcount_order];
95 s->set_refcount = set_refcount_funcs[s->refcount_order];
97 assert(s->refcount_table_size <= INT_MAX / sizeof(uint64_t));
98 refcount_table_size2 = s->refcount_table_size * sizeof(uint64_t);
99 s->refcount_table = g_try_malloc(refcount_table_size2);
101 if (s->refcount_table_size > 0) {
102 if (s->refcount_table == NULL) {
103 ret = -ENOMEM;
104 goto fail;
106 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_REFTABLE_LOAD);
107 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, s->refcount_table_offset,
108 s->refcount_table, refcount_table_size2);
109 if (ret < 0) {
110 goto fail;
112 for(i = 0; i < s->refcount_table_size; i++)
113 be64_to_cpus(&s->refcount_table[i]);
115 return 0;
116 fail:
117 return ret;
120 void qcow2_refcount_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
122 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
123 g_free(s->refcount_table);
127 static uint64_t get_refcount_ro0(const void *refcount_array, uint64_t index)
129 return (((const uint8_t *)refcount_array)[index / 8] >> (index % 8)) & 0x1;
132 static void set_refcount_ro0(void *refcount_array, uint64_t index,
133 uint64_t value)
135 assert(!(value >> 1));
136 ((uint8_t *)refcount_array)[index / 8] &= ~(0x1 << (index % 8));
137 ((uint8_t *)refcount_array)[index / 8] |= value << (index % 8);
140 static uint64_t get_refcount_ro1(const void *refcount_array, uint64_t index)
142 return (((const uint8_t *)refcount_array)[index / 4] >> (2 * (index % 4)))
143 & 0x3;
146 static void set_refcount_ro1(void *refcount_array, uint64_t index,
147 uint64_t value)
149 assert(!(value >> 2));
150 ((uint8_t *)refcount_array)[index / 4] &= ~(0x3 << (2 * (index % 4)));
151 ((uint8_t *)refcount_array)[index / 4] |= value << (2 * (index % 4));
154 static uint64_t get_refcount_ro2(const void *refcount_array, uint64_t index)
156 return (((const uint8_t *)refcount_array)[index / 2] >> (4 * (index % 2)))
157 & 0xf;
160 static void set_refcount_ro2(void *refcount_array, uint64_t index,
161 uint64_t value)
163 assert(!(value >> 4));
164 ((uint8_t *)refcount_array)[index / 2] &= ~(0xf << (4 * (index % 2)));
165 ((uint8_t *)refcount_array)[index / 2] |= value << (4 * (index % 2));
168 static uint64_t get_refcount_ro3(const void *refcount_array, uint64_t index)
170 return ((const uint8_t *)refcount_array)[index];
173 static void set_refcount_ro3(void *refcount_array, uint64_t index,
174 uint64_t value)
176 assert(!(value >> 8));
177 ((uint8_t *)refcount_array)[index] = value;
180 static uint64_t get_refcount_ro4(const void *refcount_array, uint64_t index)
182 return be16_to_cpu(((const uint16_t *)refcount_array)[index]);
185 static void set_refcount_ro4(void *refcount_array, uint64_t index,
186 uint64_t value)
188 assert(!(value >> 16));
189 ((uint16_t *)refcount_array)[index] = cpu_to_be16(value);
192 static uint64_t get_refcount_ro5(const void *refcount_array, uint64_t index)
194 return be32_to_cpu(((const uint32_t *)refcount_array)[index]);
197 static void set_refcount_ro5(void *refcount_array, uint64_t index,
198 uint64_t value)
200 assert(!(value >> 32));
201 ((uint32_t *)refcount_array)[index] = cpu_to_be32(value);
204 static uint64_t get_refcount_ro6(const void *refcount_array, uint64_t index)
206 return be64_to_cpu(((const uint64_t *)refcount_array)[index]);
209 static void set_refcount_ro6(void *refcount_array, uint64_t index,
210 uint64_t value)
212 ((uint64_t *)refcount_array)[index] = cpu_to_be64(value);
216 static int load_refcount_block(BlockDriverState *bs,
217 int64_t refcount_block_offset,
218 void **refcount_block)
220 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
221 int ret;
223 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_REFBLOCK_LOAD);
224 ret = qcow2_cache_get(bs, s->refcount_block_cache, refcount_block_offset,
225 refcount_block);
227 return ret;
231 * Retrieves the refcount of the cluster given by its index and stores it in
232 * *refcount. Returns 0 on success and -errno on failure.
234 int qcow2_get_refcount(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t cluster_index,
235 uint64_t *refcount)
237 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
238 uint64_t refcount_table_index, block_index;
239 int64_t refcount_block_offset;
240 int ret;
241 void *refcount_block;
243 refcount_table_index = cluster_index >> s->refcount_block_bits;
244 if (refcount_table_index >= s->refcount_table_size) {
245 *refcount = 0;
246 return 0;
248 refcount_block_offset =
249 s->refcount_table[refcount_table_index] & REFT_OFFSET_MASK;
250 if (!refcount_block_offset) {
251 *refcount = 0;
252 return 0;
255 if (offset_into_cluster(s, refcount_block_offset)) {
256 qcow2_signal_corruption(bs, true, -1, -1, "Refblock offset %#" PRIx64
257 " unaligned (reftable index: %#" PRIx64 ")",
258 refcount_block_offset, refcount_table_index);
259 return -EIO;
262 ret = qcow2_cache_get(bs, s->refcount_block_cache, refcount_block_offset,
263 &refcount_block);
264 if (ret < 0) {
265 return ret;
268 block_index = cluster_index & (s->refcount_block_size - 1);
269 *refcount = s->get_refcount(refcount_block, block_index);
271 qcow2_cache_put(bs, s->refcount_block_cache, &refcount_block);
273 return 0;
277 * Rounds the refcount table size up to avoid growing the table for each single
278 * refcount block that is allocated.
280 static unsigned int next_refcount_table_size(BDRVQcow2State *s,
281 unsigned int min_size)
283 unsigned int min_clusters = (min_size >> (s->cluster_bits - 3)) + 1;
284 unsigned int refcount_table_clusters =
285 MAX(1, s->refcount_table_size >> (s->cluster_bits - 3));
287 while (min_clusters > refcount_table_clusters) {
288 refcount_table_clusters = (refcount_table_clusters * 3 + 1) / 2;
291 return refcount_table_clusters << (s->cluster_bits - 3);
295 /* Checks if two offsets are described by the same refcount block */
296 static int in_same_refcount_block(BDRVQcow2State *s, uint64_t offset_a,
297 uint64_t offset_b)
299 uint64_t block_a = offset_a >> (s->cluster_bits + s->refcount_block_bits);
300 uint64_t block_b = offset_b >> (s->cluster_bits + s->refcount_block_bits);
302 return (block_a == block_b);
306 * Loads a refcount block. If it doesn't exist yet, it is allocated first
307 * (including growing the refcount table if needed).
309 * Returns 0 on success or -errno in error case
311 static int alloc_refcount_block(BlockDriverState *bs,
312 int64_t cluster_index, void **refcount_block)
314 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
315 unsigned int refcount_table_index;
316 int ret;
318 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_REFBLOCK_ALLOC);
320 /* Find the refcount block for the given cluster */
321 refcount_table_index = cluster_index >> s->refcount_block_bits;
323 if (refcount_table_index < s->refcount_table_size) {
325 uint64_t refcount_block_offset =
326 s->refcount_table[refcount_table_index] & REFT_OFFSET_MASK;
328 /* If it's already there, we're done */
329 if (refcount_block_offset) {
330 if (offset_into_cluster(s, refcount_block_offset)) {
331 qcow2_signal_corruption(bs, true, -1, -1, "Refblock offset %#"
332 PRIx64 " unaligned (reftable index: "
333 "%#x)", refcount_block_offset,
334 refcount_table_index);
335 return -EIO;
338 return load_refcount_block(bs, refcount_block_offset,
339 refcount_block);
344 * If we came here, we need to allocate something. Something is at least
345 * a cluster for the new refcount block. It may also include a new refcount
346 * table if the old refcount table is too small.
348 * Note that allocating clusters here needs some special care:
350 * - We can't use the normal qcow2_alloc_clusters(), it would try to
351 * increase the refcount and very likely we would end up with an endless
352 * recursion. Instead we must place the refcount blocks in a way that
353 * they can describe them themselves.
355 * - We need to consider that at this point we are inside update_refcounts
356 * and potentially doing an initial refcount increase. This means that
357 * some clusters have already been allocated by the caller, but their
358 * refcount isn't accurate yet. If we allocate clusters for metadata, we
359 * need to return -EAGAIN to signal the caller that it needs to restart
360 * the search for free clusters.
362 * - alloc_clusters_noref and qcow2_free_clusters may load a different
363 * refcount block into the cache
366 *refcount_block = NULL;
368 /* We write to the refcount table, so we might depend on L2 tables */
369 ret = qcow2_cache_flush(bs, s->l2_table_cache);
370 if (ret < 0) {
371 return ret;
374 /* Allocate the refcount block itself and mark it as used */
375 int64_t new_block = alloc_clusters_noref(bs, s->cluster_size);
376 if (new_block < 0) {
377 return new_block;
380 #ifdef DEBUG_ALLOC2
381 fprintf(stderr, "qcow2: Allocate refcount block %d for %" PRIx64
382 " at %" PRIx64 "\n",
383 refcount_table_index, cluster_index << s->cluster_bits, new_block);
384 #endif
386 if (in_same_refcount_block(s, new_block, cluster_index << s->cluster_bits)) {
387 /* Zero the new refcount block before updating it */
388 ret = qcow2_cache_get_empty(bs, s->refcount_block_cache, new_block,
389 refcount_block);
390 if (ret < 0) {
391 goto fail_block;
394 memset(*refcount_block, 0, s->cluster_size);
396 /* The block describes itself, need to update the cache */
397 int block_index = (new_block >> s->cluster_bits) &
398 (s->refcount_block_size - 1);
399 s->set_refcount(*refcount_block, block_index, 1);
400 } else {
401 /* Described somewhere else. This can recurse at most twice before we
402 * arrive at a block that describes itself. */
403 ret = update_refcount(bs, new_block, s->cluster_size, 1, false,
404 QCOW2_DISCARD_NEVER);
405 if (ret < 0) {
406 goto fail_block;
409 ret = qcow2_cache_flush(bs, s->refcount_block_cache);
410 if (ret < 0) {
411 goto fail_block;
414 /* Initialize the new refcount block only after updating its refcount,
415 * update_refcount uses the refcount cache itself */
416 ret = qcow2_cache_get_empty(bs, s->refcount_block_cache, new_block,
417 refcount_block);
418 if (ret < 0) {
419 goto fail_block;
422 memset(*refcount_block, 0, s->cluster_size);
425 /* Now the new refcount block needs to be written to disk */
426 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_REFBLOCK_ALLOC_WRITE);
427 qcow2_cache_entry_mark_dirty(bs, s->refcount_block_cache, *refcount_block);
428 ret = qcow2_cache_flush(bs, s->refcount_block_cache);
429 if (ret < 0) {
430 goto fail_block;
433 /* If the refcount table is big enough, just hook the block up there */
434 if (refcount_table_index < s->refcount_table_size) {
435 uint64_t data64 = cpu_to_be64(new_block);
436 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_REFBLOCK_ALLOC_HOOKUP);
437 ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file->bs,
438 s->refcount_table_offset + refcount_table_index * sizeof(uint64_t),
439 &data64, sizeof(data64));
440 if (ret < 0) {
441 goto fail_block;
444 s->refcount_table[refcount_table_index] = new_block;
446 /* The new refcount block may be where the caller intended to put its
447 * data, so let it restart the search. */
448 return -EAGAIN;
451 qcow2_cache_put(bs, s->refcount_block_cache, refcount_block);
454 * If we come here, we need to grow the refcount table. Again, a new
455 * refcount table needs some space and we can't simply allocate to avoid
456 * endless recursion.
458 * Therefore let's grab new refcount blocks at the end of the image, which
459 * will describe themselves and the new refcount table. This way we can
460 * reference them only in the new table and do the switch to the new
461 * refcount table at once without producing an inconsistent state in
462 * between.
464 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_REFTABLE_GROW);
466 /* Calculate the number of refcount blocks needed so far; this will be the
467 * basis for calculating the index of the first cluster used for the
468 * self-describing refcount structures which we are about to create.
470 * Because we reached this point, there cannot be any refcount entries for
471 * cluster_index or higher indices yet. However, because new_block has been
472 * allocated to describe that cluster (and it will assume this role later
473 * on), we cannot use that index; also, new_block may actually have a higher
474 * cluster index than cluster_index, so it needs to be taken into account
475 * here (and 1 needs to be added to its value because that cluster is used).
477 uint64_t blocks_used = DIV_ROUND_UP(MAX(cluster_index + 1,
478 (new_block >> s->cluster_bits) + 1),
479 s->refcount_block_size);
481 if (blocks_used > QCOW_MAX_REFTABLE_SIZE / sizeof(uint64_t)) {
482 return -EFBIG;
485 /* And now we need at least one block more for the new metadata */
486 uint64_t table_size = next_refcount_table_size(s, blocks_used + 1);
487 uint64_t last_table_size;
488 uint64_t blocks_clusters;
489 do {
490 uint64_t table_clusters =
491 size_to_clusters(s, table_size * sizeof(uint64_t));
492 blocks_clusters = 1 +
493 ((table_clusters + s->refcount_block_size - 1)
494 / s->refcount_block_size);
495 uint64_t meta_clusters = table_clusters + blocks_clusters;
497 last_table_size = table_size;
498 table_size = next_refcount_table_size(s, blocks_used +
499 ((meta_clusters + s->refcount_block_size - 1)
500 / s->refcount_block_size));
502 } while (last_table_size != table_size);
504 #ifdef DEBUG_ALLOC2
505 fprintf(stderr, "qcow2: Grow refcount table %" PRId32 " => %" PRId64 "\n",
506 s->refcount_table_size, table_size);
507 #endif
509 /* Create the new refcount table and blocks */
510 uint64_t meta_offset = (blocks_used * s->refcount_block_size) *
511 s->cluster_size;
512 uint64_t table_offset = meta_offset + blocks_clusters * s->cluster_size;
513 uint64_t *new_table = g_try_new0(uint64_t, table_size);
514 void *new_blocks = g_try_malloc0(blocks_clusters * s->cluster_size);
516 assert(table_size > 0 && blocks_clusters > 0);
517 if (new_table == NULL || new_blocks == NULL) {
518 ret = -ENOMEM;
519 goto fail_table;
522 /* Fill the new refcount table */
523 memcpy(new_table, s->refcount_table,
524 s->refcount_table_size * sizeof(uint64_t));
525 new_table[refcount_table_index] = new_block;
527 int i;
528 for (i = 0; i < blocks_clusters; i++) {
529 new_table[blocks_used + i] = meta_offset + (i * s->cluster_size);
532 /* Fill the refcount blocks */
533 uint64_t table_clusters = size_to_clusters(s, table_size * sizeof(uint64_t));
534 int block = 0;
535 for (i = 0; i < table_clusters + blocks_clusters; i++) {
536 s->set_refcount(new_blocks, block++, 1);
539 /* Write refcount blocks to disk */
540 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_REFBLOCK_ALLOC_WRITE_BLOCKS);
541 ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file->bs, meta_offset, new_blocks,
542 blocks_clusters * s->cluster_size);
543 g_free(new_blocks);
544 new_blocks = NULL;
545 if (ret < 0) {
546 goto fail_table;
549 /* Write refcount table to disk */
550 for(i = 0; i < table_size; i++) {
551 cpu_to_be64s(&new_table[i]);
554 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_REFBLOCK_ALLOC_WRITE_TABLE);
555 ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file->bs, table_offset, new_table,
556 table_size * sizeof(uint64_t));
557 if (ret < 0) {
558 goto fail_table;
561 for(i = 0; i < table_size; i++) {
562 be64_to_cpus(&new_table[i]);
565 /* Hook up the new refcount table in the qcow2 header */
566 struct QEMU_PACKED {
567 uint64_t d64;
568 uint32_t d32;
569 } data;
570 cpu_to_be64w(&data.d64, table_offset);
571 cpu_to_be32w(&data.d32, table_clusters);
572 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_REFBLOCK_ALLOC_SWITCH_TABLE);
573 ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file->bs,
574 offsetof(QCowHeader, refcount_table_offset),
575 &data, sizeof(data));
576 if (ret < 0) {
577 goto fail_table;
580 /* And switch it in memory */
581 uint64_t old_table_offset = s->refcount_table_offset;
582 uint64_t old_table_size = s->refcount_table_size;
584 g_free(s->refcount_table);
585 s->refcount_table = new_table;
586 s->refcount_table_size = table_size;
587 s->refcount_table_offset = table_offset;
589 /* Free old table. */
590 qcow2_free_clusters(bs, old_table_offset, old_table_size * sizeof(uint64_t),
591 QCOW2_DISCARD_OTHER);
593 ret = load_refcount_block(bs, new_block, refcount_block);
594 if (ret < 0) {
595 return ret;
598 /* If we were trying to do the initial refcount update for some cluster
599 * allocation, we might have used the same clusters to store newly
600 * allocated metadata. Make the caller search some new space. */
601 return -EAGAIN;
603 fail_table:
604 g_free(new_blocks);
605 g_free(new_table);
606 fail_block:
607 if (*refcount_block != NULL) {
608 qcow2_cache_put(bs, s->refcount_block_cache, refcount_block);
610 return ret;
613 void qcow2_process_discards(BlockDriverState *bs, int ret)
615 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
616 Qcow2DiscardRegion *d, *next;
618 QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(d, &s->discards, next, next) {
619 QTAILQ_REMOVE(&s->discards, d, next);
621 /* Discard is optional, ignore the return value */
622 if (ret >= 0) {
623 bdrv_discard(bs->file->bs,
624 d->offset >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
625 d->bytes >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
628 g_free(d);
632 static void update_refcount_discard(BlockDriverState *bs,
633 uint64_t offset, uint64_t length)
635 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
636 Qcow2DiscardRegion *d, *p, *next;
638 QTAILQ_FOREACH(d, &s->discards, next) {
639 uint64_t new_start = MIN(offset, d->offset);
640 uint64_t new_end = MAX(offset + length, d->offset + d->bytes);
642 if (new_end - new_start <= length + d->bytes) {
643 /* There can't be any overlap, areas ending up here have no
644 * references any more and therefore shouldn't get freed another
645 * time. */
646 assert(d->bytes + length == new_end - new_start);
647 d->offset = new_start;
648 d->bytes = new_end - new_start;
649 goto found;
653 d = g_malloc(sizeof(*d));
654 *d = (Qcow2DiscardRegion) {
655 .bs = bs,
656 .offset = offset,
657 .bytes = length,
659 QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&s->discards, d, next);
661 found:
662 /* Merge discard requests if they are adjacent now */
663 QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(p, &s->discards, next, next) {
664 if (p == d
665 || p->offset > d->offset + d->bytes
666 || d->offset > p->offset + p->bytes)
668 continue;
671 /* Still no overlap possible */
672 assert(p->offset == d->offset + d->bytes
673 || d->offset == p->offset + p->bytes);
675 QTAILQ_REMOVE(&s->discards, p, next);
676 d->offset = MIN(d->offset, p->offset);
677 d->bytes += p->bytes;
678 g_free(p);
682 /* XXX: cache several refcount block clusters ? */
683 /* @addend is the absolute value of the addend; if @decrease is set, @addend
684 * will be subtracted from the current refcount, otherwise it will be added */
685 static int QEMU_WARN_UNUSED_RESULT update_refcount(BlockDriverState *bs,
686 int64_t offset,
687 int64_t length,
688 uint64_t addend,
689 bool decrease,
690 enum qcow2_discard_type type)
692 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
693 int64_t start, last, cluster_offset;
694 void *refcount_block = NULL;
695 int64_t old_table_index = -1;
696 int ret;
698 #ifdef DEBUG_ALLOC2
699 fprintf(stderr, "update_refcount: offset=%" PRId64 " size=%" PRId64
700 " addend=%s%" PRIu64 "\n", offset, length, decrease ? "-" : "",
701 addend);
702 #endif
703 if (length < 0) {
704 return -EINVAL;
705 } else if (length == 0) {
706 return 0;
709 if (decrease) {
710 qcow2_cache_set_dependency(bs, s->refcount_block_cache,
711 s->l2_table_cache);
714 start = start_of_cluster(s, offset);
715 last = start_of_cluster(s, offset + length - 1);
716 for(cluster_offset = start; cluster_offset <= last;
717 cluster_offset += s->cluster_size)
719 int block_index;
720 uint64_t refcount;
721 int64_t cluster_index = cluster_offset >> s->cluster_bits;
722 int64_t table_index = cluster_index >> s->refcount_block_bits;
724 /* Load the refcount block and allocate it if needed */
725 if (table_index != old_table_index) {
726 if (refcount_block) {
727 qcow2_cache_put(bs, s->refcount_block_cache, &refcount_block);
729 ret = alloc_refcount_block(bs, cluster_index, &refcount_block);
730 if (ret < 0) {
731 goto fail;
734 old_table_index = table_index;
736 qcow2_cache_entry_mark_dirty(bs, s->refcount_block_cache,
737 refcount_block);
739 /* we can update the count and save it */
740 block_index = cluster_index & (s->refcount_block_size - 1);
742 refcount = s->get_refcount(refcount_block, block_index);
743 if (decrease ? (refcount - addend > refcount)
744 : (refcount + addend < refcount ||
745 refcount + addend > s->refcount_max))
747 ret = -EINVAL;
748 goto fail;
750 if (decrease) {
751 refcount -= addend;
752 } else {
753 refcount += addend;
755 if (refcount == 0 && cluster_index < s->free_cluster_index) {
756 s->free_cluster_index = cluster_index;
758 s->set_refcount(refcount_block, block_index, refcount);
760 if (refcount == 0 && s->discard_passthrough[type]) {
761 update_refcount_discard(bs, cluster_offset, s->cluster_size);
765 ret = 0;
766 fail:
767 if (!s->cache_discards) {
768 qcow2_process_discards(bs, ret);
771 /* Write last changed block to disk */
772 if (refcount_block) {
773 qcow2_cache_put(bs, s->refcount_block_cache, &refcount_block);
777 * Try do undo any updates if an error is returned (This may succeed in
778 * some cases like ENOSPC for allocating a new refcount block)
780 if (ret < 0) {
781 int dummy;
782 dummy = update_refcount(bs, offset, cluster_offset - offset, addend,
783 !decrease, QCOW2_DISCARD_NEVER);
784 (void)dummy;
787 return ret;
791 * Increases or decreases the refcount of a given cluster.
793 * @addend is the absolute value of the addend; if @decrease is set, @addend
794 * will be subtracted from the current refcount, otherwise it will be added.
796 * On success 0 is returned; on failure -errno is returned.
798 int qcow2_update_cluster_refcount(BlockDriverState *bs,
799 int64_t cluster_index,
800 uint64_t addend, bool decrease,
801 enum qcow2_discard_type type)
803 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
804 int ret;
806 ret = update_refcount(bs, cluster_index << s->cluster_bits, 1, addend,
807 decrease, type);
808 if (ret < 0) {
809 return ret;
812 return 0;
817 /*********************************************************/
818 /* cluster allocation functions */
822 /* return < 0 if error */
823 static int64_t alloc_clusters_noref(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t size)
825 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
826 uint64_t i, nb_clusters, refcount;
827 int ret;
829 /* We can't allocate clusters if they may still be queued for discard. */
830 if (s->cache_discards) {
831 qcow2_process_discards(bs, 0);
834 nb_clusters = size_to_clusters(s, size);
835 retry:
836 for(i = 0; i < nb_clusters; i++) {
837 uint64_t next_cluster_index = s->free_cluster_index++;
838 ret = qcow2_get_refcount(bs, next_cluster_index, &refcount);
840 if (ret < 0) {
841 return ret;
842 } else if (refcount != 0) {
843 goto retry;
847 /* Make sure that all offsets in the "allocated" range are representable
848 * in an int64_t */
849 if (s->free_cluster_index > 0 &&
850 s->free_cluster_index - 1 > (INT64_MAX >> s->cluster_bits))
852 return -EFBIG;
855 #ifdef DEBUG_ALLOC2
856 fprintf(stderr, "alloc_clusters: size=%" PRId64 " -> %" PRId64 "\n",
857 size,
858 (s->free_cluster_index - nb_clusters) << s->cluster_bits);
859 #endif
860 return (s->free_cluster_index - nb_clusters) << s->cluster_bits;
863 int64_t qcow2_alloc_clusters(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t size)
865 int64_t offset;
866 int ret;
868 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_CLUSTER_ALLOC);
869 do {
870 offset = alloc_clusters_noref(bs, size);
871 if (offset < 0) {
872 return offset;
875 ret = update_refcount(bs, offset, size, 1, false, QCOW2_DISCARD_NEVER);
876 } while (ret == -EAGAIN);
878 if (ret < 0) {
879 return ret;
882 return offset;
885 int64_t qcow2_alloc_clusters_at(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t offset,
886 int64_t nb_clusters)
888 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
889 uint64_t cluster_index, refcount;
890 uint64_t i;
891 int ret;
893 assert(nb_clusters >= 0);
894 if (nb_clusters == 0) {
895 return 0;
898 do {
899 /* Check how many clusters there are free */
900 cluster_index = offset >> s->cluster_bits;
901 for(i = 0; i < nb_clusters; i++) {
902 ret = qcow2_get_refcount(bs, cluster_index++, &refcount);
903 if (ret < 0) {
904 return ret;
905 } else if (refcount != 0) {
906 break;
910 /* And then allocate them */
911 ret = update_refcount(bs, offset, i << s->cluster_bits, 1, false,
912 QCOW2_DISCARD_NEVER);
913 } while (ret == -EAGAIN);
915 if (ret < 0) {
916 return ret;
919 return i;
922 /* only used to allocate compressed sectors. We try to allocate
923 contiguous sectors. size must be <= cluster_size */
924 int64_t qcow2_alloc_bytes(BlockDriverState *bs, int size)
926 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
927 int64_t offset;
928 size_t free_in_cluster;
929 int ret;
931 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_CLUSTER_ALLOC_BYTES);
932 assert(size > 0 && size <= s->cluster_size);
933 assert(!s->free_byte_offset || offset_into_cluster(s, s->free_byte_offset));
935 offset = s->free_byte_offset;
937 if (offset) {
938 uint64_t refcount;
939 ret = qcow2_get_refcount(bs, offset >> s->cluster_bits, &refcount);
940 if (ret < 0) {
941 return ret;
944 if (refcount == s->refcount_max) {
945 offset = 0;
949 free_in_cluster = s->cluster_size - offset_into_cluster(s, offset);
950 do {
951 if (!offset || free_in_cluster < size) {
952 int64_t new_cluster = alloc_clusters_noref(bs, s->cluster_size);
953 if (new_cluster < 0) {
954 return new_cluster;
957 if (!offset || ROUND_UP(offset, s->cluster_size) != new_cluster) {
958 offset = new_cluster;
959 free_in_cluster = s->cluster_size;
960 } else {
961 free_in_cluster += s->cluster_size;
965 assert(offset);
966 ret = update_refcount(bs, offset, size, 1, false, QCOW2_DISCARD_NEVER);
967 if (ret < 0) {
968 offset = 0;
970 } while (ret == -EAGAIN);
971 if (ret < 0) {
972 return ret;
975 /* The cluster refcount was incremented; refcount blocks must be flushed
976 * before the caller's L2 table updates. */
977 qcow2_cache_set_dependency(bs, s->l2_table_cache, s->refcount_block_cache);
979 s->free_byte_offset = offset + size;
980 if (!offset_into_cluster(s, s->free_byte_offset)) {
981 s->free_byte_offset = 0;
984 return offset;
987 void qcow2_free_clusters(BlockDriverState *bs,
988 int64_t offset, int64_t size,
989 enum qcow2_discard_type type)
991 int ret;
993 BLKDBG_EVENT(bs->file, BLKDBG_CLUSTER_FREE);
994 ret = update_refcount(bs, offset, size, 1, true, type);
995 if (ret < 0) {
996 fprintf(stderr, "qcow2_free_clusters failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
997 /* TODO Remember the clusters to free them later and avoid leaking */
1002 * Free a cluster using its L2 entry (handles clusters of all types, e.g.
1003 * normal cluster, compressed cluster, etc.)
1005 void qcow2_free_any_clusters(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t l2_entry,
1006 int nb_clusters, enum qcow2_discard_type type)
1008 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1010 switch (qcow2_get_cluster_type(l2_entry)) {
1011 case QCOW2_CLUSTER_COMPRESSED:
1013 int nb_csectors;
1014 nb_csectors = ((l2_entry >> s->csize_shift) &
1015 s->csize_mask) + 1;
1016 qcow2_free_clusters(bs,
1017 (l2_entry & s->cluster_offset_mask) & ~511,
1018 nb_csectors * 512, type);
1020 break;
1021 case QCOW2_CLUSTER_NORMAL:
1022 case QCOW2_CLUSTER_ZERO:
1023 if (l2_entry & L2E_OFFSET_MASK) {
1024 if (offset_into_cluster(s, l2_entry & L2E_OFFSET_MASK)) {
1025 qcow2_signal_corruption(bs, false, -1, -1,
1026 "Cannot free unaligned cluster %#llx",
1027 l2_entry & L2E_OFFSET_MASK);
1028 } else {
1029 qcow2_free_clusters(bs, l2_entry & L2E_OFFSET_MASK,
1030 nb_clusters << s->cluster_bits, type);
1033 break;
1034 case QCOW2_CLUSTER_UNALLOCATED:
1035 break;
1036 default:
1037 abort();
1043 /*********************************************************/
1044 /* snapshots and image creation */
1048 /* update the refcounts of snapshots and the copied flag */
1049 int qcow2_update_snapshot_refcount(BlockDriverState *bs,
1050 int64_t l1_table_offset, int l1_size, int addend)
1052 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1053 uint64_t *l1_table, *l2_table, l2_offset, offset, l1_size2, refcount;
1054 bool l1_allocated = false;
1055 int64_t old_offset, old_l2_offset;
1056 int i, j, l1_modified = 0, nb_csectors;
1057 int ret;
1059 assert(addend >= -1 && addend <= 1);
1061 l2_table = NULL;
1062 l1_table = NULL;
1063 l1_size2 = l1_size * sizeof(uint64_t);
1065 s->cache_discards = true;
1067 /* WARNING: qcow2_snapshot_goto relies on this function not using the
1068 * l1_table_offset when it is the current s->l1_table_offset! Be careful
1069 * when changing this! */
1070 if (l1_table_offset != s->l1_table_offset) {
1071 l1_table = g_try_malloc0(align_offset(l1_size2, 512));
1072 if (l1_size2 && l1_table == NULL) {
1073 ret = -ENOMEM;
1074 goto fail;
1076 l1_allocated = true;
1078 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, l1_table_offset, l1_table, l1_size2);
1079 if (ret < 0) {
1080 goto fail;
1083 for(i = 0;i < l1_size; i++)
1084 be64_to_cpus(&l1_table[i]);
1085 } else {
1086 assert(l1_size == s->l1_size);
1087 l1_table = s->l1_table;
1088 l1_allocated = false;
1091 for(i = 0; i < l1_size; i++) {
1092 l2_offset = l1_table[i];
1093 if (l2_offset) {
1094 old_l2_offset = l2_offset;
1095 l2_offset &= L1E_OFFSET_MASK;
1097 if (offset_into_cluster(s, l2_offset)) {
1098 qcow2_signal_corruption(bs, true, -1, -1, "L2 table offset %#"
1099 PRIx64 " unaligned (L1 index: %#x)",
1100 l2_offset, i);
1101 ret = -EIO;
1102 goto fail;
1105 ret = qcow2_cache_get(bs, s->l2_table_cache, l2_offset,
1106 (void**) &l2_table);
1107 if (ret < 0) {
1108 goto fail;
1111 for(j = 0; j < s->l2_size; j++) {
1112 uint64_t cluster_index;
1114 offset = be64_to_cpu(l2_table[j]);
1115 old_offset = offset;
1116 offset &= ~QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED;
1118 switch (qcow2_get_cluster_type(offset)) {
1119 case QCOW2_CLUSTER_COMPRESSED:
1120 nb_csectors = ((offset >> s->csize_shift) &
1121 s->csize_mask) + 1;
1122 if (addend != 0) {
1123 ret = update_refcount(bs,
1124 (offset & s->cluster_offset_mask) & ~511,
1125 nb_csectors * 512, abs(addend), addend < 0,
1126 QCOW2_DISCARD_SNAPSHOT);
1127 if (ret < 0) {
1128 goto fail;
1131 /* compressed clusters are never modified */
1132 refcount = 2;
1133 break;
1135 case QCOW2_CLUSTER_NORMAL:
1136 case QCOW2_CLUSTER_ZERO:
1137 if (offset_into_cluster(s, offset & L2E_OFFSET_MASK)) {
1138 qcow2_signal_corruption(bs, true, -1, -1, "Data "
1139 "cluster offset %#llx "
1140 "unaligned (L2 offset: %#"
1141 PRIx64 ", L2 index: %#x)",
1142 offset & L2E_OFFSET_MASK,
1143 l2_offset, j);
1144 ret = -EIO;
1145 goto fail;
1148 cluster_index = (offset & L2E_OFFSET_MASK) >> s->cluster_bits;
1149 if (!cluster_index) {
1150 /* unallocated */
1151 refcount = 0;
1152 break;
1154 if (addend != 0) {
1155 ret = qcow2_update_cluster_refcount(bs,
1156 cluster_index, abs(addend), addend < 0,
1157 QCOW2_DISCARD_SNAPSHOT);
1158 if (ret < 0) {
1159 goto fail;
1163 ret = qcow2_get_refcount(bs, cluster_index, &refcount);
1164 if (ret < 0) {
1165 goto fail;
1167 break;
1169 case QCOW2_CLUSTER_UNALLOCATED:
1170 refcount = 0;
1171 break;
1173 default:
1174 abort();
1177 if (refcount == 1) {
1178 offset |= QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED;
1180 if (offset != old_offset) {
1181 if (addend > 0) {
1182 qcow2_cache_set_dependency(bs, s->l2_table_cache,
1183 s->refcount_block_cache);
1185 l2_table[j] = cpu_to_be64(offset);
1186 qcow2_cache_entry_mark_dirty(bs, s->l2_table_cache,
1187 l2_table);
1191 qcow2_cache_put(bs, s->l2_table_cache, (void **) &l2_table);
1193 if (addend != 0) {
1194 ret = qcow2_update_cluster_refcount(bs, l2_offset >>
1195 s->cluster_bits,
1196 abs(addend), addend < 0,
1197 QCOW2_DISCARD_SNAPSHOT);
1198 if (ret < 0) {
1199 goto fail;
1202 ret = qcow2_get_refcount(bs, l2_offset >> s->cluster_bits,
1203 &refcount);
1204 if (ret < 0) {
1205 goto fail;
1206 } else if (refcount == 1) {
1207 l2_offset |= QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED;
1209 if (l2_offset != old_l2_offset) {
1210 l1_table[i] = l2_offset;
1211 l1_modified = 1;
1216 ret = bdrv_flush(bs);
1217 fail:
1218 if (l2_table) {
1219 qcow2_cache_put(bs, s->l2_table_cache, (void**) &l2_table);
1222 s->cache_discards = false;
1223 qcow2_process_discards(bs, ret);
1225 /* Update L1 only if it isn't deleted anyway (addend = -1) */
1226 if (ret == 0 && addend >= 0 && l1_modified) {
1227 for (i = 0; i < l1_size; i++) {
1228 cpu_to_be64s(&l1_table[i]);
1231 ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file->bs, l1_table_offset,
1232 l1_table, l1_size2);
1234 for (i = 0; i < l1_size; i++) {
1235 be64_to_cpus(&l1_table[i]);
1238 if (l1_allocated)
1239 g_free(l1_table);
1240 return ret;
1246 /*********************************************************/
1247 /* refcount checking functions */
1250 static uint64_t refcount_array_byte_size(BDRVQcow2State *s, uint64_t entries)
1252 /* This assertion holds because there is no way we can address more than
1253 * 2^(64 - 9) clusters at once (with cluster size 512 = 2^9, and because
1254 * offsets have to be representable in bytes); due to every cluster
1255 * corresponding to one refcount entry, we are well below that limit */
1256 assert(entries < (UINT64_C(1) << (64 - 9)));
1258 /* Thanks to the assertion this will not overflow, because
1259 * s->refcount_order < 7.
1260 * (note: x << s->refcount_order == x * s->refcount_bits) */
1261 return DIV_ROUND_UP(entries << s->refcount_order, 8);
1265 * Reallocates *array so that it can hold new_size entries. *size must contain
1266 * the current number of entries in *array. If the reallocation fails, *array
1267 * and *size will not be modified and -errno will be returned. If the
1268 * reallocation is successful, *array will be set to the new buffer, *size
1269 * will be set to new_size and 0 will be returned. The size of the reallocated
1270 * refcount array buffer will be aligned to a cluster boundary, and the newly
1271 * allocated area will be zeroed.
1273 static int realloc_refcount_array(BDRVQcow2State *s, void **array,
1274 int64_t *size, int64_t new_size)
1276 int64_t old_byte_size, new_byte_size;
1277 void *new_ptr;
1279 /* Round to clusters so the array can be directly written to disk */
1280 old_byte_size = size_to_clusters(s, refcount_array_byte_size(s, *size))
1281 * s->cluster_size;
1282 new_byte_size = size_to_clusters(s, refcount_array_byte_size(s, new_size))
1283 * s->cluster_size;
1285 if (new_byte_size == old_byte_size) {
1286 *size = new_size;
1287 return 0;
1290 assert(new_byte_size > 0);
1292 if (new_byte_size > SIZE_MAX) {
1293 return -ENOMEM;
1296 new_ptr = g_try_realloc(*array, new_byte_size);
1297 if (!new_ptr) {
1298 return -ENOMEM;
1301 if (new_byte_size > old_byte_size) {
1302 memset((char *)new_ptr + old_byte_size, 0,
1303 new_byte_size - old_byte_size);
1306 *array = new_ptr;
1307 *size = new_size;
1309 return 0;
1313 * Increases the refcount for a range of clusters in a given refcount table.
1314 * This is used to construct a temporary refcount table out of L1 and L2 tables
1315 * which can be compared to the refcount table saved in the image.
1317 * Modifies the number of errors in res.
1319 static int inc_refcounts(BlockDriverState *bs,
1320 BdrvCheckResult *res,
1321 void **refcount_table,
1322 int64_t *refcount_table_size,
1323 int64_t offset, int64_t size)
1325 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1326 uint64_t start, last, cluster_offset, k, refcount;
1327 int ret;
1329 if (size <= 0) {
1330 return 0;
1333 start = start_of_cluster(s, offset);
1334 last = start_of_cluster(s, offset + size - 1);
1335 for(cluster_offset = start; cluster_offset <= last;
1336 cluster_offset += s->cluster_size) {
1337 k = cluster_offset >> s->cluster_bits;
1338 if (k >= *refcount_table_size) {
1339 ret = realloc_refcount_array(s, refcount_table,
1340 refcount_table_size, k + 1);
1341 if (ret < 0) {
1342 res->check_errors++;
1343 return ret;
1347 refcount = s->get_refcount(*refcount_table, k);
1348 if (refcount == s->refcount_max) {
1349 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: overflow cluster offset=0x%" PRIx64
1350 "\n", cluster_offset);
1351 fprintf(stderr, "Use qemu-img amend to increase the refcount entry "
1352 "width or qemu-img convert to create a clean copy if the "
1353 "image cannot be opened for writing\n");
1354 res->corruptions++;
1355 continue;
1357 s->set_refcount(*refcount_table, k, refcount + 1);
1360 return 0;
1363 /* Flags for check_refcounts_l1() and check_refcounts_l2() */
1364 enum {
1365 CHECK_FRAG_INFO = 0x2, /* update BlockFragInfo counters */
1369 * Increases the refcount in the given refcount table for the all clusters
1370 * referenced in the L2 table. While doing so, performs some checks on L2
1371 * entries.
1373 * Returns the number of errors found by the checks or -errno if an internal
1374 * error occurred.
1376 static int check_refcounts_l2(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvCheckResult *res,
1377 void **refcount_table,
1378 int64_t *refcount_table_size, int64_t l2_offset,
1379 int flags)
1381 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1382 uint64_t *l2_table, l2_entry;
1383 uint64_t next_contiguous_offset = 0;
1384 int i, l2_size, nb_csectors, ret;
1386 /* Read L2 table from disk */
1387 l2_size = s->l2_size * sizeof(uint64_t);
1388 l2_table = g_malloc(l2_size);
1390 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, l2_offset, l2_table, l2_size);
1391 if (ret < 0) {
1392 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: I/O error in check_refcounts_l2\n");
1393 res->check_errors++;
1394 goto fail;
1397 /* Do the actual checks */
1398 for(i = 0; i < s->l2_size; i++) {
1399 l2_entry = be64_to_cpu(l2_table[i]);
1401 switch (qcow2_get_cluster_type(l2_entry)) {
1402 case QCOW2_CLUSTER_COMPRESSED:
1403 /* Compressed clusters don't have QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED */
1404 if (l2_entry & QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED) {
1405 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: cluster %" PRId64 ": "
1406 "copied flag must never be set for compressed "
1407 "clusters\n", l2_entry >> s->cluster_bits);
1408 l2_entry &= ~QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED;
1409 res->corruptions++;
1412 /* Mark cluster as used */
1413 nb_csectors = ((l2_entry >> s->csize_shift) &
1414 s->csize_mask) + 1;
1415 l2_entry &= s->cluster_offset_mask;
1416 ret = inc_refcounts(bs, res, refcount_table, refcount_table_size,
1417 l2_entry & ~511, nb_csectors * 512);
1418 if (ret < 0) {
1419 goto fail;
1422 if (flags & CHECK_FRAG_INFO) {
1423 res->bfi.allocated_clusters++;
1424 res->bfi.compressed_clusters++;
1426 /* Compressed clusters are fragmented by nature. Since they
1427 * take up sub-sector space but we only have sector granularity
1428 * I/O we need to re-read the same sectors even for adjacent
1429 * compressed clusters.
1431 res->bfi.fragmented_clusters++;
1433 break;
1435 case QCOW2_CLUSTER_ZERO:
1436 if ((l2_entry & L2E_OFFSET_MASK) == 0) {
1437 break;
1439 /* fall through */
1441 case QCOW2_CLUSTER_NORMAL:
1443 uint64_t offset = l2_entry & L2E_OFFSET_MASK;
1445 if (flags & CHECK_FRAG_INFO) {
1446 res->bfi.allocated_clusters++;
1447 if (next_contiguous_offset &&
1448 offset != next_contiguous_offset) {
1449 res->bfi.fragmented_clusters++;
1451 next_contiguous_offset = offset + s->cluster_size;
1454 /* Mark cluster as used */
1455 ret = inc_refcounts(bs, res, refcount_table, refcount_table_size,
1456 offset, s->cluster_size);
1457 if (ret < 0) {
1458 goto fail;
1461 /* Correct offsets are cluster aligned */
1462 if (offset_into_cluster(s, offset)) {
1463 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR offset=%" PRIx64 ": Cluster is not "
1464 "properly aligned; L2 entry corrupted.\n", offset);
1465 res->corruptions++;
1467 break;
1470 case QCOW2_CLUSTER_UNALLOCATED:
1471 break;
1473 default:
1474 abort();
1478 g_free(l2_table);
1479 return 0;
1481 fail:
1482 g_free(l2_table);
1483 return ret;
1487 * Increases the refcount for the L1 table, its L2 tables and all referenced
1488 * clusters in the given refcount table. While doing so, performs some checks
1489 * on L1 and L2 entries.
1491 * Returns the number of errors found by the checks or -errno if an internal
1492 * error occurred.
1494 static int check_refcounts_l1(BlockDriverState *bs,
1495 BdrvCheckResult *res,
1496 void **refcount_table,
1497 int64_t *refcount_table_size,
1498 int64_t l1_table_offset, int l1_size,
1499 int flags)
1501 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1502 uint64_t *l1_table = NULL, l2_offset, l1_size2;
1503 int i, ret;
1505 l1_size2 = l1_size * sizeof(uint64_t);
1507 /* Mark L1 table as used */
1508 ret = inc_refcounts(bs, res, refcount_table, refcount_table_size,
1509 l1_table_offset, l1_size2);
1510 if (ret < 0) {
1511 goto fail;
1514 /* Read L1 table entries from disk */
1515 if (l1_size2 > 0) {
1516 l1_table = g_try_malloc(l1_size2);
1517 if (l1_table == NULL) {
1518 ret = -ENOMEM;
1519 res->check_errors++;
1520 goto fail;
1522 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, l1_table_offset, l1_table, l1_size2);
1523 if (ret < 0) {
1524 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: I/O error in check_refcounts_l1\n");
1525 res->check_errors++;
1526 goto fail;
1528 for(i = 0;i < l1_size; i++)
1529 be64_to_cpus(&l1_table[i]);
1532 /* Do the actual checks */
1533 for(i = 0; i < l1_size; i++) {
1534 l2_offset = l1_table[i];
1535 if (l2_offset) {
1536 /* Mark L2 table as used */
1537 l2_offset &= L1E_OFFSET_MASK;
1538 ret = inc_refcounts(bs, res, refcount_table, refcount_table_size,
1539 l2_offset, s->cluster_size);
1540 if (ret < 0) {
1541 goto fail;
1544 /* L2 tables are cluster aligned */
1545 if (offset_into_cluster(s, l2_offset)) {
1546 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR l2_offset=%" PRIx64 ": Table is not "
1547 "cluster aligned; L1 entry corrupted\n", l2_offset);
1548 res->corruptions++;
1551 /* Process and check L2 entries */
1552 ret = check_refcounts_l2(bs, res, refcount_table,
1553 refcount_table_size, l2_offset, flags);
1554 if (ret < 0) {
1555 goto fail;
1559 g_free(l1_table);
1560 return 0;
1562 fail:
1563 g_free(l1_table);
1564 return ret;
1568 * Checks the OFLAG_COPIED flag for all L1 and L2 entries.
1570 * This function does not print an error message nor does it increment
1571 * check_errors if qcow2_get_refcount fails (this is because such an error will
1572 * have been already detected and sufficiently signaled by the calling function
1573 * (qcow2_check_refcounts) by the time this function is called).
1575 static int check_oflag_copied(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvCheckResult *res,
1576 BdrvCheckMode fix)
1578 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1579 uint64_t *l2_table = qemu_blockalign(bs, s->cluster_size);
1580 int ret;
1581 uint64_t refcount;
1582 int i, j;
1584 for (i = 0; i < s->l1_size; i++) {
1585 uint64_t l1_entry = s->l1_table[i];
1586 uint64_t l2_offset = l1_entry & L1E_OFFSET_MASK;
1587 bool l2_dirty = false;
1589 if (!l2_offset) {
1590 continue;
1593 ret = qcow2_get_refcount(bs, l2_offset >> s->cluster_bits,
1594 &refcount);
1595 if (ret < 0) {
1596 /* don't print message nor increment check_errors */
1597 continue;
1599 if ((refcount == 1) != ((l1_entry & QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED) != 0)) {
1600 fprintf(stderr, "%s OFLAG_COPIED L2 cluster: l1_index=%d "
1601 "l1_entry=%" PRIx64 " refcount=%" PRIu64 "\n",
1602 fix & BDRV_FIX_ERRORS ? "Repairing" :
1603 "ERROR",
1604 i, l1_entry, refcount);
1605 if (fix & BDRV_FIX_ERRORS) {
1606 s->l1_table[i] = refcount == 1
1607 ? l1_entry | QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED
1608 : l1_entry & ~QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED;
1609 ret = qcow2_write_l1_entry(bs, i);
1610 if (ret < 0) {
1611 res->check_errors++;
1612 goto fail;
1614 res->corruptions_fixed++;
1615 } else {
1616 res->corruptions++;
1620 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, l2_offset, l2_table,
1621 s->l2_size * sizeof(uint64_t));
1622 if (ret < 0) {
1623 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: Could not read L2 table: %s\n",
1624 strerror(-ret));
1625 res->check_errors++;
1626 goto fail;
1629 for (j = 0; j < s->l2_size; j++) {
1630 uint64_t l2_entry = be64_to_cpu(l2_table[j]);
1631 uint64_t data_offset = l2_entry & L2E_OFFSET_MASK;
1632 int cluster_type = qcow2_get_cluster_type(l2_entry);
1634 if ((cluster_type == QCOW2_CLUSTER_NORMAL) ||
1635 ((cluster_type == QCOW2_CLUSTER_ZERO) && (data_offset != 0))) {
1636 ret = qcow2_get_refcount(bs,
1637 data_offset >> s->cluster_bits,
1638 &refcount);
1639 if (ret < 0) {
1640 /* don't print message nor increment check_errors */
1641 continue;
1643 if ((refcount == 1) != ((l2_entry & QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED) != 0)) {
1644 fprintf(stderr, "%s OFLAG_COPIED data cluster: "
1645 "l2_entry=%" PRIx64 " refcount=%" PRIu64 "\n",
1646 fix & BDRV_FIX_ERRORS ? "Repairing" :
1647 "ERROR",
1648 l2_entry, refcount);
1649 if (fix & BDRV_FIX_ERRORS) {
1650 l2_table[j] = cpu_to_be64(refcount == 1
1651 ? l2_entry | QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED
1652 : l2_entry & ~QCOW_OFLAG_COPIED);
1653 l2_dirty = true;
1654 res->corruptions_fixed++;
1655 } else {
1656 res->corruptions++;
1662 if (l2_dirty) {
1663 ret = qcow2_pre_write_overlap_check(bs, QCOW2_OL_ACTIVE_L2,
1664 l2_offset, s->cluster_size);
1665 if (ret < 0) {
1666 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: Could not write L2 table; metadata "
1667 "overlap check failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1668 res->check_errors++;
1669 goto fail;
1672 ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file->bs, l2_offset, l2_table,
1673 s->cluster_size);
1674 if (ret < 0) {
1675 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: Could not write L2 table: %s\n",
1676 strerror(-ret));
1677 res->check_errors++;
1678 goto fail;
1683 ret = 0;
1685 fail:
1686 qemu_vfree(l2_table);
1687 return ret;
1691 * Checks consistency of refblocks and accounts for each refblock in
1692 * *refcount_table.
1694 static int check_refblocks(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvCheckResult *res,
1695 BdrvCheckMode fix, bool *rebuild,
1696 void **refcount_table, int64_t *nb_clusters)
1698 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1699 int64_t i, size;
1700 int ret;
1702 for(i = 0; i < s->refcount_table_size; i++) {
1703 uint64_t offset, cluster;
1704 offset = s->refcount_table[i];
1705 cluster = offset >> s->cluster_bits;
1707 /* Refcount blocks are cluster aligned */
1708 if (offset_into_cluster(s, offset)) {
1709 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR refcount block %" PRId64 " is not "
1710 "cluster aligned; refcount table entry corrupted\n", i);
1711 res->corruptions++;
1712 *rebuild = true;
1713 continue;
1716 if (cluster >= *nb_clusters) {
1717 fprintf(stderr, "%s refcount block %" PRId64 " is outside image\n",
1718 fix & BDRV_FIX_ERRORS ? "Repairing" : "ERROR", i);
1720 if (fix & BDRV_FIX_ERRORS) {
1721 int64_t new_nb_clusters;
1723 if (offset > INT64_MAX - s->cluster_size) {
1724 ret = -EINVAL;
1725 goto resize_fail;
1728 ret = bdrv_truncate(bs->file->bs, offset + s->cluster_size);
1729 if (ret < 0) {
1730 goto resize_fail;
1732 size = bdrv_getlength(bs->file->bs);
1733 if (size < 0) {
1734 ret = size;
1735 goto resize_fail;
1738 new_nb_clusters = size_to_clusters(s, size);
1739 assert(new_nb_clusters >= *nb_clusters);
1741 ret = realloc_refcount_array(s, refcount_table,
1742 nb_clusters, new_nb_clusters);
1743 if (ret < 0) {
1744 res->check_errors++;
1745 return ret;
1748 if (cluster >= *nb_clusters) {
1749 ret = -EINVAL;
1750 goto resize_fail;
1753 res->corruptions_fixed++;
1754 ret = inc_refcounts(bs, res, refcount_table, nb_clusters,
1755 offset, s->cluster_size);
1756 if (ret < 0) {
1757 return ret;
1759 /* No need to check whether the refcount is now greater than 1:
1760 * This area was just allocated and zeroed, so it can only be
1761 * exactly 1 after inc_refcounts() */
1762 continue;
1764 resize_fail:
1765 res->corruptions++;
1766 *rebuild = true;
1767 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR could not resize image: %s\n",
1768 strerror(-ret));
1769 } else {
1770 res->corruptions++;
1772 continue;
1775 if (offset != 0) {
1776 ret = inc_refcounts(bs, res, refcount_table, nb_clusters,
1777 offset, s->cluster_size);
1778 if (ret < 0) {
1779 return ret;
1781 if (s->get_refcount(*refcount_table, cluster) != 1) {
1782 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR refcount block %" PRId64
1783 " refcount=%" PRIu64 "\n", i,
1784 s->get_refcount(*refcount_table, cluster));
1785 res->corruptions++;
1786 *rebuild = true;
1791 return 0;
1795 * Calculates an in-memory refcount table.
1797 static int calculate_refcounts(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvCheckResult *res,
1798 BdrvCheckMode fix, bool *rebuild,
1799 void **refcount_table, int64_t *nb_clusters)
1801 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1802 int64_t i;
1803 QCowSnapshot *sn;
1804 int ret;
1806 if (!*refcount_table) {
1807 int64_t old_size = 0;
1808 ret = realloc_refcount_array(s, refcount_table,
1809 &old_size, *nb_clusters);
1810 if (ret < 0) {
1811 res->check_errors++;
1812 return ret;
1816 /* header */
1817 ret = inc_refcounts(bs, res, refcount_table, nb_clusters,
1818 0, s->cluster_size);
1819 if (ret < 0) {
1820 return ret;
1823 /* current L1 table */
1824 ret = check_refcounts_l1(bs, res, refcount_table, nb_clusters,
1825 s->l1_table_offset, s->l1_size, CHECK_FRAG_INFO);
1826 if (ret < 0) {
1827 return ret;
1830 /* snapshots */
1831 for (i = 0; i < s->nb_snapshots; i++) {
1832 sn = s->snapshots + i;
1833 ret = check_refcounts_l1(bs, res, refcount_table, nb_clusters,
1834 sn->l1_table_offset, sn->l1_size, 0);
1835 if (ret < 0) {
1836 return ret;
1839 ret = inc_refcounts(bs, res, refcount_table, nb_clusters,
1840 s->snapshots_offset, s->snapshots_size);
1841 if (ret < 0) {
1842 return ret;
1845 /* refcount data */
1846 ret = inc_refcounts(bs, res, refcount_table, nb_clusters,
1847 s->refcount_table_offset,
1848 s->refcount_table_size * sizeof(uint64_t));
1849 if (ret < 0) {
1850 return ret;
1853 return check_refblocks(bs, res, fix, rebuild, refcount_table, nb_clusters);
1857 * Compares the actual reference count for each cluster in the image against the
1858 * refcount as reported by the refcount structures on-disk.
1860 static void compare_refcounts(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvCheckResult *res,
1861 BdrvCheckMode fix, bool *rebuild,
1862 int64_t *highest_cluster,
1863 void *refcount_table, int64_t nb_clusters)
1865 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1866 int64_t i;
1867 uint64_t refcount1, refcount2;
1868 int ret;
1870 for (i = 0, *highest_cluster = 0; i < nb_clusters; i++) {
1871 ret = qcow2_get_refcount(bs, i, &refcount1);
1872 if (ret < 0) {
1873 fprintf(stderr, "Can't get refcount for cluster %" PRId64 ": %s\n",
1874 i, strerror(-ret));
1875 res->check_errors++;
1876 continue;
1879 refcount2 = s->get_refcount(refcount_table, i);
1881 if (refcount1 > 0 || refcount2 > 0) {
1882 *highest_cluster = i;
1885 if (refcount1 != refcount2) {
1886 /* Check if we're allowed to fix the mismatch */
1887 int *num_fixed = NULL;
1888 if (refcount1 == 0) {
1889 *rebuild = true;
1890 } else if (refcount1 > refcount2 && (fix & BDRV_FIX_LEAKS)) {
1891 num_fixed = &res->leaks_fixed;
1892 } else if (refcount1 < refcount2 && (fix & BDRV_FIX_ERRORS)) {
1893 num_fixed = &res->corruptions_fixed;
1896 fprintf(stderr, "%s cluster %" PRId64 " refcount=%" PRIu64
1897 " reference=%" PRIu64 "\n",
1898 num_fixed != NULL ? "Repairing" :
1899 refcount1 < refcount2 ? "ERROR" :
1900 "Leaked",
1901 i, refcount1, refcount2);
1903 if (num_fixed) {
1904 ret = update_refcount(bs, i << s->cluster_bits, 1,
1905 refcount_diff(refcount1, refcount2),
1906 refcount1 > refcount2,
1907 QCOW2_DISCARD_ALWAYS);
1908 if (ret >= 0) {
1909 (*num_fixed)++;
1910 continue;
1914 /* And if we couldn't, print an error */
1915 if (refcount1 < refcount2) {
1916 res->corruptions++;
1917 } else {
1918 res->leaks++;
1925 * Allocates clusters using an in-memory refcount table (IMRT) in contrast to
1926 * the on-disk refcount structures.
1928 * On input, *first_free_cluster tells where to start looking, and need not
1929 * actually be a free cluster; the returned offset will not be before that
1930 * cluster. On output, *first_free_cluster points to the first gap found, even
1931 * if that gap was too small to be used as the returned offset.
1933 * Note that *first_free_cluster is a cluster index whereas the return value is
1934 * an offset.
1936 static int64_t alloc_clusters_imrt(BlockDriverState *bs,
1937 int cluster_count,
1938 void **refcount_table,
1939 int64_t *imrt_nb_clusters,
1940 int64_t *first_free_cluster)
1942 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
1943 int64_t cluster = *first_free_cluster, i;
1944 bool first_gap = true;
1945 int contiguous_free_clusters;
1946 int ret;
1948 /* Starting at *first_free_cluster, find a range of at least cluster_count
1949 * continuously free clusters */
1950 for (contiguous_free_clusters = 0;
1951 cluster < *imrt_nb_clusters &&
1952 contiguous_free_clusters < cluster_count;
1953 cluster++)
1955 if (!s->get_refcount(*refcount_table, cluster)) {
1956 contiguous_free_clusters++;
1957 if (first_gap) {
1958 /* If this is the first free cluster found, update
1959 * *first_free_cluster accordingly */
1960 *first_free_cluster = cluster;
1961 first_gap = false;
1963 } else if (contiguous_free_clusters) {
1964 contiguous_free_clusters = 0;
1968 /* If contiguous_free_clusters is greater than zero, it contains the number
1969 * of continuously free clusters until the current cluster; the first free
1970 * cluster in the current "gap" is therefore
1971 * cluster - contiguous_free_clusters */
1973 /* If no such range could be found, grow the in-memory refcount table
1974 * accordingly to append free clusters at the end of the image */
1975 if (contiguous_free_clusters < cluster_count) {
1976 /* contiguous_free_clusters clusters are already empty at the image end;
1977 * we need cluster_count clusters; therefore, we have to allocate
1978 * cluster_count - contiguous_free_clusters new clusters at the end of
1979 * the image (which is the current value of cluster; note that cluster
1980 * may exceed old_imrt_nb_clusters if *first_free_cluster pointed beyond
1981 * the image end) */
1982 ret = realloc_refcount_array(s, refcount_table, imrt_nb_clusters,
1983 cluster + cluster_count
1984 - contiguous_free_clusters);
1985 if (ret < 0) {
1986 return ret;
1990 /* Go back to the first free cluster */
1991 cluster -= contiguous_free_clusters;
1992 for (i = 0; i < cluster_count; i++) {
1993 s->set_refcount(*refcount_table, cluster + i, 1);
1996 return cluster << s->cluster_bits;
2000 * Creates a new refcount structure based solely on the in-memory information
2001 * given through *refcount_table. All necessary allocations will be reflected
2002 * in that array.
2004 * On success, the old refcount structure is leaked (it will be covered by the
2005 * new refcount structure).
2007 static int rebuild_refcount_structure(BlockDriverState *bs,
2008 BdrvCheckResult *res,
2009 void **refcount_table,
2010 int64_t *nb_clusters)
2012 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
2013 int64_t first_free_cluster = 0, reftable_offset = -1, cluster = 0;
2014 int64_t refblock_offset, refblock_start, refblock_index;
2015 uint32_t reftable_size = 0;
2016 uint64_t *on_disk_reftable = NULL;
2017 void *on_disk_refblock;
2018 int ret = 0;
2019 struct {
2020 uint64_t reftable_offset;
2021 uint32_t reftable_clusters;
2022 } QEMU_PACKED reftable_offset_and_clusters;
2024 qcow2_cache_empty(bs, s->refcount_block_cache);
2026 write_refblocks:
2027 for (; cluster < *nb_clusters; cluster++) {
2028 if (!s->get_refcount(*refcount_table, cluster)) {
2029 continue;
2032 refblock_index = cluster >> s->refcount_block_bits;
2033 refblock_start = refblock_index << s->refcount_block_bits;
2035 /* Don't allocate a cluster in a refblock already written to disk */
2036 if (first_free_cluster < refblock_start) {
2037 first_free_cluster = refblock_start;
2039 refblock_offset = alloc_clusters_imrt(bs, 1, refcount_table,
2040 nb_clusters, &first_free_cluster);
2041 if (refblock_offset < 0) {
2042 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR allocating refblock: %s\n",
2043 strerror(-refblock_offset));
2044 res->check_errors++;
2045 ret = refblock_offset;
2046 goto fail;
2049 if (reftable_size <= refblock_index) {
2050 uint32_t old_reftable_size = reftable_size;
2051 uint64_t *new_on_disk_reftable;
2053 reftable_size = ROUND_UP((refblock_index + 1) * sizeof(uint64_t),
2054 s->cluster_size) / sizeof(uint64_t);
2055 new_on_disk_reftable = g_try_realloc(on_disk_reftable,
2056 reftable_size *
2057 sizeof(uint64_t));
2058 if (!new_on_disk_reftable) {
2059 res->check_errors++;
2060 ret = -ENOMEM;
2061 goto fail;
2063 on_disk_reftable = new_on_disk_reftable;
2065 memset(on_disk_reftable + old_reftable_size, 0,
2066 (reftable_size - old_reftable_size) * sizeof(uint64_t));
2068 /* The offset we have for the reftable is now no longer valid;
2069 * this will leak that range, but we can easily fix that by running
2070 * a leak-fixing check after this rebuild operation */
2071 reftable_offset = -1;
2073 on_disk_reftable[refblock_index] = refblock_offset;
2075 /* If this is apparently the last refblock (for now), try to squeeze the
2076 * reftable in */
2077 if (refblock_index == (*nb_clusters - 1) >> s->refcount_block_bits &&
2078 reftable_offset < 0)
2080 uint64_t reftable_clusters = size_to_clusters(s, reftable_size *
2081 sizeof(uint64_t));
2082 reftable_offset = alloc_clusters_imrt(bs, reftable_clusters,
2083 refcount_table, nb_clusters,
2084 &first_free_cluster);
2085 if (reftable_offset < 0) {
2086 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR allocating reftable: %s\n",
2087 strerror(-reftable_offset));
2088 res->check_errors++;
2089 ret = reftable_offset;
2090 goto fail;
2094 ret = qcow2_pre_write_overlap_check(bs, 0, refblock_offset,
2095 s->cluster_size);
2096 if (ret < 0) {
2097 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR writing refblock: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
2098 goto fail;
2101 /* The size of *refcount_table is always cluster-aligned, therefore the
2102 * write operation will not overflow */
2103 on_disk_refblock = (void *)((char *) *refcount_table +
2104 refblock_index * s->cluster_size);
2106 ret = bdrv_write(bs->file->bs, refblock_offset / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
2107 on_disk_refblock, s->cluster_sectors);
2108 if (ret < 0) {
2109 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR writing refblock: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
2110 goto fail;
2113 /* Go to the end of this refblock */
2114 cluster = refblock_start + s->refcount_block_size - 1;
2117 if (reftable_offset < 0) {
2118 uint64_t post_refblock_start, reftable_clusters;
2120 post_refblock_start = ROUND_UP(*nb_clusters, s->refcount_block_size);
2121 reftable_clusters = size_to_clusters(s,
2122 reftable_size * sizeof(uint64_t));
2123 /* Not pretty but simple */
2124 if (first_free_cluster < post_refblock_start) {
2125 first_free_cluster = post_refblock_start;
2127 reftable_offset = alloc_clusters_imrt(bs, reftable_clusters,
2128 refcount_table, nb_clusters,
2129 &first_free_cluster);
2130 if (reftable_offset < 0) {
2131 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR allocating reftable: %s\n",
2132 strerror(-reftable_offset));
2133 res->check_errors++;
2134 ret = reftable_offset;
2135 goto fail;
2138 goto write_refblocks;
2141 assert(on_disk_reftable);
2143 for (refblock_index = 0; refblock_index < reftable_size; refblock_index++) {
2144 cpu_to_be64s(&on_disk_reftable[refblock_index]);
2147 ret = qcow2_pre_write_overlap_check(bs, 0, reftable_offset,
2148 reftable_size * sizeof(uint64_t));
2149 if (ret < 0) {
2150 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR writing reftable: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
2151 goto fail;
2154 assert(reftable_size < INT_MAX / sizeof(uint64_t));
2155 ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file->bs, reftable_offset, on_disk_reftable,
2156 reftable_size * sizeof(uint64_t));
2157 if (ret < 0) {
2158 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR writing reftable: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
2159 goto fail;
2162 /* Enter new reftable into the image header */
2163 cpu_to_be64w(&reftable_offset_and_clusters.reftable_offset,
2164 reftable_offset);
2165 cpu_to_be32w(&reftable_offset_and_clusters.reftable_clusters,
2166 size_to_clusters(s, reftable_size * sizeof(uint64_t)));
2167 ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file->bs, offsetof(QCowHeader,
2168 refcount_table_offset),
2169 &reftable_offset_and_clusters,
2170 sizeof(reftable_offset_and_clusters));
2171 if (ret < 0) {
2172 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR setting reftable: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
2173 goto fail;
2176 for (refblock_index = 0; refblock_index < reftable_size; refblock_index++) {
2177 be64_to_cpus(&on_disk_reftable[refblock_index]);
2179 s->refcount_table = on_disk_reftable;
2180 s->refcount_table_offset = reftable_offset;
2181 s->refcount_table_size = reftable_size;
2183 return 0;
2185 fail:
2186 g_free(on_disk_reftable);
2187 return ret;
2191 * Checks an image for refcount consistency.
2193 * Returns 0 if no errors are found, the number of errors in case the image is
2194 * detected as corrupted, and -errno when an internal error occurred.
2196 int qcow2_check_refcounts(BlockDriverState *bs, BdrvCheckResult *res,
2197 BdrvCheckMode fix)
2199 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
2200 BdrvCheckResult pre_compare_res;
2201 int64_t size, highest_cluster, nb_clusters;
2202 void *refcount_table = NULL;
2203 bool rebuild = false;
2204 int ret;
2206 size = bdrv_getlength(bs->file->bs);
2207 if (size < 0) {
2208 res->check_errors++;
2209 return size;
2212 nb_clusters = size_to_clusters(s, size);
2213 if (nb_clusters > INT_MAX) {
2214 res->check_errors++;
2215 return -EFBIG;
2218 res->bfi.total_clusters =
2219 size_to_clusters(s, bs->total_sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
2221 ret = calculate_refcounts(bs, res, fix, &rebuild, &refcount_table,
2222 &nb_clusters);
2223 if (ret < 0) {
2224 goto fail;
2227 /* In case we don't need to rebuild the refcount structure (but want to fix
2228 * something), this function is immediately called again, in which case the
2229 * result should be ignored */
2230 pre_compare_res = *res;
2231 compare_refcounts(bs, res, 0, &rebuild, &highest_cluster, refcount_table,
2232 nb_clusters);
2234 if (rebuild && (fix & BDRV_FIX_ERRORS)) {
2235 BdrvCheckResult old_res = *res;
2236 int fresh_leaks = 0;
2238 fprintf(stderr, "Rebuilding refcount structure\n");
2239 ret = rebuild_refcount_structure(bs, res, &refcount_table,
2240 &nb_clusters);
2241 if (ret < 0) {
2242 goto fail;
2245 res->corruptions = 0;
2246 res->leaks = 0;
2248 /* Because the old reftable has been exchanged for a new one the
2249 * references have to be recalculated */
2250 rebuild = false;
2251 memset(refcount_table, 0, refcount_array_byte_size(s, nb_clusters));
2252 ret = calculate_refcounts(bs, res, 0, &rebuild, &refcount_table,
2253 &nb_clusters);
2254 if (ret < 0) {
2255 goto fail;
2258 if (fix & BDRV_FIX_LEAKS) {
2259 /* The old refcount structures are now leaked, fix it; the result
2260 * can be ignored, aside from leaks which were introduced by
2261 * rebuild_refcount_structure() that could not be fixed */
2262 BdrvCheckResult saved_res = *res;
2263 *res = (BdrvCheckResult){ 0 };
2265 compare_refcounts(bs, res, BDRV_FIX_LEAKS, &rebuild,
2266 &highest_cluster, refcount_table, nb_clusters);
2267 if (rebuild) {
2268 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR rebuilt refcount structure is still "
2269 "broken\n");
2272 /* Any leaks accounted for here were introduced by
2273 * rebuild_refcount_structure() because that function has created a
2274 * new refcount structure from scratch */
2275 fresh_leaks = res->leaks;
2276 *res = saved_res;
2279 if (res->corruptions < old_res.corruptions) {
2280 res->corruptions_fixed += old_res.corruptions - res->corruptions;
2282 if (res->leaks < old_res.leaks) {
2283 res->leaks_fixed += old_res.leaks - res->leaks;
2285 res->leaks += fresh_leaks;
2286 } else if (fix) {
2287 if (rebuild) {
2288 fprintf(stderr, "ERROR need to rebuild refcount structures\n");
2289 res->check_errors++;
2290 ret = -EIO;
2291 goto fail;
2294 if (res->leaks || res->corruptions) {
2295 *res = pre_compare_res;
2296 compare_refcounts(bs, res, fix, &rebuild, &highest_cluster,
2297 refcount_table, nb_clusters);
2301 /* check OFLAG_COPIED */
2302 ret = check_oflag_copied(bs, res, fix);
2303 if (ret < 0) {
2304 goto fail;
2307 res->image_end_offset = (highest_cluster + 1) * s->cluster_size;
2308 ret = 0;
2310 fail:
2311 g_free(refcount_table);
2313 return ret;
2316 #define overlaps_with(ofs, sz) \
2317 ranges_overlap(offset, size, ofs, sz)
2320 * Checks if the given offset into the image file is actually free to use by
2321 * looking for overlaps with important metadata sections (L1/L2 tables etc.),
2322 * i.e. a sanity check without relying on the refcount tables.
2324 * The ign parameter specifies what checks not to perform (being a bitmask of
2325 * QCow2MetadataOverlap values), i.e., what sections to ignore.
2327 * Returns:
2328 * - 0 if writing to this offset will not affect the mentioned metadata
2329 * - a positive QCow2MetadataOverlap value indicating one overlapping section
2330 * - a negative value (-errno) indicating an error while performing a check,
2331 * e.g. when bdrv_read failed on QCOW2_OL_INACTIVE_L2
2333 int qcow2_check_metadata_overlap(BlockDriverState *bs, int ign, int64_t offset,
2334 int64_t size)
2336 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
2337 int chk = s->overlap_check & ~ign;
2338 int i, j;
2340 if (!size) {
2341 return 0;
2344 if (chk & QCOW2_OL_MAIN_HEADER) {
2345 if (offset < s->cluster_size) {
2346 return QCOW2_OL_MAIN_HEADER;
2350 /* align range to test to cluster boundaries */
2351 size = align_offset(offset_into_cluster(s, offset) + size, s->cluster_size);
2352 offset = start_of_cluster(s, offset);
2354 if ((chk & QCOW2_OL_ACTIVE_L1) && s->l1_size) {
2355 if (overlaps_with(s->l1_table_offset, s->l1_size * sizeof(uint64_t))) {
2356 return QCOW2_OL_ACTIVE_L1;
2360 if ((chk & QCOW2_OL_REFCOUNT_TABLE) && s->refcount_table_size) {
2361 if (overlaps_with(s->refcount_table_offset,
2362 s->refcount_table_size * sizeof(uint64_t))) {
2363 return QCOW2_OL_REFCOUNT_TABLE;
2367 if ((chk & QCOW2_OL_SNAPSHOT_TABLE) && s->snapshots_size) {
2368 if (overlaps_with(s->snapshots_offset, s->snapshots_size)) {
2369 return QCOW2_OL_SNAPSHOT_TABLE;
2373 if ((chk & QCOW2_OL_INACTIVE_L1) && s->snapshots) {
2374 for (i = 0; i < s->nb_snapshots; i++) {
2375 if (s->snapshots[i].l1_size &&
2376 overlaps_with(s->snapshots[i].l1_table_offset,
2377 s->snapshots[i].l1_size * sizeof(uint64_t))) {
2378 return QCOW2_OL_INACTIVE_L1;
2383 if ((chk & QCOW2_OL_ACTIVE_L2) && s->l1_table) {
2384 for (i = 0; i < s->l1_size; i++) {
2385 if ((s->l1_table[i] & L1E_OFFSET_MASK) &&
2386 overlaps_with(s->l1_table[i] & L1E_OFFSET_MASK,
2387 s->cluster_size)) {
2388 return QCOW2_OL_ACTIVE_L2;
2393 if ((chk & QCOW2_OL_REFCOUNT_BLOCK) && s->refcount_table) {
2394 for (i = 0; i < s->refcount_table_size; i++) {
2395 if ((s->refcount_table[i] & REFT_OFFSET_MASK) &&
2396 overlaps_with(s->refcount_table[i] & REFT_OFFSET_MASK,
2397 s->cluster_size)) {
2398 return QCOW2_OL_REFCOUNT_BLOCK;
2403 if ((chk & QCOW2_OL_INACTIVE_L2) && s->snapshots) {
2404 for (i = 0; i < s->nb_snapshots; i++) {
2405 uint64_t l1_ofs = s->snapshots[i].l1_table_offset;
2406 uint32_t l1_sz = s->snapshots[i].l1_size;
2407 uint64_t l1_sz2 = l1_sz * sizeof(uint64_t);
2408 uint64_t *l1 = g_try_malloc(l1_sz2);
2409 int ret;
2411 if (l1_sz2 && l1 == NULL) {
2412 return -ENOMEM;
2415 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file->bs, l1_ofs, l1, l1_sz2);
2416 if (ret < 0) {
2417 g_free(l1);
2418 return ret;
2421 for (j = 0; j < l1_sz; j++) {
2422 uint64_t l2_ofs = be64_to_cpu(l1[j]) & L1E_OFFSET_MASK;
2423 if (l2_ofs && overlaps_with(l2_ofs, s->cluster_size)) {
2424 g_free(l1);
2425 return QCOW2_OL_INACTIVE_L2;
2429 g_free(l1);
2433 return 0;
2436 static const char *metadata_ol_names[] = {
2437 [QCOW2_OL_MAIN_HEADER_BITNR] = "qcow2_header",
2438 [QCOW2_OL_ACTIVE_L1_BITNR] = "active L1 table",
2439 [QCOW2_OL_ACTIVE_L2_BITNR] = "active L2 table",
2440 [QCOW2_OL_REFCOUNT_TABLE_BITNR] = "refcount table",
2441 [QCOW2_OL_REFCOUNT_BLOCK_BITNR] = "refcount block",
2442 [QCOW2_OL_SNAPSHOT_TABLE_BITNR] = "snapshot table",
2443 [QCOW2_OL_INACTIVE_L1_BITNR] = "inactive L1 table",
2444 [QCOW2_OL_INACTIVE_L2_BITNR] = "inactive L2 table",
2448 * First performs a check for metadata overlaps (through
2449 * qcow2_check_metadata_overlap); if that fails with a negative value (error
2450 * while performing a check), that value is returned. If an impending overlap
2451 * is detected, the BDS will be made unusable, the qcow2 file marked corrupt
2452 * and -EIO returned.
2454 * Returns 0 if there were neither overlaps nor errors while checking for
2455 * overlaps; or a negative value (-errno) on error.
2457 int qcow2_pre_write_overlap_check(BlockDriverState *bs, int ign, int64_t offset,
2458 int64_t size)
2460 int ret = qcow2_check_metadata_overlap(bs, ign, offset, size);
2462 if (ret < 0) {
2463 return ret;
2464 } else if (ret > 0) {
2465 int metadata_ol_bitnr = ctz32(ret);
2466 assert(metadata_ol_bitnr < QCOW2_OL_MAX_BITNR);
2468 qcow2_signal_corruption(bs, true, offset, size, "Preventing invalid "
2469 "write on metadata (overlaps with %s)",
2470 metadata_ol_names[metadata_ol_bitnr]);
2471 return -EIO;
2474 return 0;
2477 /* A pointer to a function of this type is given to walk_over_reftable(). That
2478 * function will create refblocks and pass them to a RefblockFinishOp once they
2479 * are completed (@refblock). @refblock_empty is set if the refblock is
2480 * completely empty.
2482 * Along with the refblock, a corresponding reftable entry is passed, in the
2483 * reftable @reftable (which may be reallocated) at @reftable_index.
2485 * @allocated should be set to true if a new cluster has been allocated.
2487 typedef int (RefblockFinishOp)(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t **reftable,
2488 uint64_t reftable_index, uint64_t *reftable_size,
2489 void *refblock, bool refblock_empty,
2490 bool *allocated, Error **errp);
2493 * This "operation" for walk_over_reftable() allocates the refblock on disk (if
2494 * it is not empty) and inserts its offset into the new reftable. The size of
2495 * this new reftable is increased as required.
2497 static int alloc_refblock(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t **reftable,
2498 uint64_t reftable_index, uint64_t *reftable_size,
2499 void *refblock, bool refblock_empty, bool *allocated,
2500 Error **errp)
2502 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
2503 int64_t offset;
2505 if (!refblock_empty && reftable_index >= *reftable_size) {
2506 uint64_t *new_reftable;
2507 uint64_t new_reftable_size;
2509 new_reftable_size = ROUND_UP(reftable_index + 1,
2510 s->cluster_size / sizeof(uint64_t));
2511 if (new_reftable_size > QCOW_MAX_REFTABLE_SIZE / sizeof(uint64_t)) {
2512 error_setg(errp,
2513 "This operation would make the refcount table grow "
2514 "beyond the maximum size supported by QEMU, aborting");
2515 return -ENOTSUP;
2518 new_reftable = g_try_realloc(*reftable, new_reftable_size *
2519 sizeof(uint64_t));
2520 if (!new_reftable) {
2521 error_setg(errp, "Failed to increase reftable buffer size");
2522 return -ENOMEM;
2525 memset(new_reftable + *reftable_size, 0,
2526 (new_reftable_size - *reftable_size) * sizeof(uint64_t));
2528 *reftable = new_reftable;
2529 *reftable_size = new_reftable_size;
2532 if (!refblock_empty && !(*reftable)[reftable_index]) {
2533 offset = qcow2_alloc_clusters(bs, s->cluster_size);
2534 if (offset < 0) {
2535 error_setg_errno(errp, -offset, "Failed to allocate refblock");
2536 return offset;
2538 (*reftable)[reftable_index] = offset;
2539 *allocated = true;
2542 return 0;
2546 * This "operation" for walk_over_reftable() writes the refblock to disk at the
2547 * offset specified by the new reftable's entry. It does not modify the new
2548 * reftable or change any refcounts.
2550 static int flush_refblock(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t **reftable,
2551 uint64_t reftable_index, uint64_t *reftable_size,
2552 void *refblock, bool refblock_empty, bool *allocated,
2553 Error **errp)
2555 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
2556 int64_t offset;
2557 int ret;
2559 if (reftable_index < *reftable_size && (*reftable)[reftable_index]) {
2560 offset = (*reftable)[reftable_index];
2562 ret = qcow2_pre_write_overlap_check(bs, 0, offset, s->cluster_size);
2563 if (ret < 0) {
2564 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Overlap check failed");
2565 return ret;
2568 ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file->bs, offset, refblock, s->cluster_size);
2569 if (ret < 0) {
2570 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to write refblock");
2571 return ret;
2573 } else {
2574 assert(refblock_empty);
2577 return 0;
2581 * This function walks over the existing reftable and every referenced refblock;
2582 * if @new_set_refcount is non-NULL, it is called for every refcount entry to
2583 * create an equal new entry in the passed @new_refblock. Once that
2584 * @new_refblock is completely filled, @operation will be called.
2586 * @status_cb and @cb_opaque are used for the amend operation's status callback.
2587 * @index is the index of the walk_over_reftable() calls and @total is the total
2588 * number of walk_over_reftable() calls per amend operation. Both are used for
2589 * calculating the parameters for the status callback.
2591 * @allocated is set to true if a new cluster has been allocated.
2593 static int walk_over_reftable(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t **new_reftable,
2594 uint64_t *new_reftable_index,
2595 uint64_t *new_reftable_size,
2596 void *new_refblock, int new_refblock_size,
2597 int new_refcount_bits,
2598 RefblockFinishOp *operation, bool *allocated,
2599 Qcow2SetRefcountFunc *new_set_refcount,
2600 BlockDriverAmendStatusCB *status_cb,
2601 void *cb_opaque, int index, int total,
2602 Error **errp)
2604 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
2605 uint64_t reftable_index;
2606 bool new_refblock_empty = true;
2607 int refblock_index;
2608 int new_refblock_index = 0;
2609 int ret;
2611 for (reftable_index = 0; reftable_index < s->refcount_table_size;
2612 reftable_index++)
2614 uint64_t refblock_offset = s->refcount_table[reftable_index]
2615 & REFT_OFFSET_MASK;
2617 status_cb(bs, (uint64_t)index * s->refcount_table_size + reftable_index,
2618 (uint64_t)total * s->refcount_table_size, cb_opaque);
2620 if (refblock_offset) {
2621 void *refblock;
2623 if (offset_into_cluster(s, refblock_offset)) {
2624 qcow2_signal_corruption(bs, true, -1, -1, "Refblock offset %#"
2625 PRIx64 " unaligned (reftable index: %#"
2626 PRIx64 ")", refblock_offset,
2627 reftable_index);
2628 error_setg(errp,
2629 "Image is corrupt (unaligned refblock offset)");
2630 return -EIO;
2633 ret = qcow2_cache_get(bs, s->refcount_block_cache, refblock_offset,
2634 &refblock);
2635 if (ret < 0) {
2636 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to retrieve refblock");
2637 return ret;
2640 for (refblock_index = 0; refblock_index < s->refcount_block_size;
2641 refblock_index++)
2643 uint64_t refcount;
2645 if (new_refblock_index >= new_refblock_size) {
2646 /* new_refblock is now complete */
2647 ret = operation(bs, new_reftable, *new_reftable_index,
2648 new_reftable_size, new_refblock,
2649 new_refblock_empty, allocated, errp);
2650 if (ret < 0) {
2651 qcow2_cache_put(bs, s->refcount_block_cache, &refblock);
2652 return ret;
2655 (*new_reftable_index)++;
2656 new_refblock_index = 0;
2657 new_refblock_empty = true;
2660 refcount = s->get_refcount(refblock, refblock_index);
2661 if (new_refcount_bits < 64 && refcount >> new_refcount_bits) {
2662 uint64_t offset;
2664 qcow2_cache_put(bs, s->refcount_block_cache, &refblock);
2666 offset = ((reftable_index << s->refcount_block_bits)
2667 + refblock_index) << s->cluster_bits;
2669 error_setg(errp, "Cannot decrease refcount entry width to "
2670 "%i bits: Cluster at offset %#" PRIx64 " has a "
2671 "refcount of %" PRIu64, new_refcount_bits,
2672 offset, refcount);
2673 return -EINVAL;
2676 if (new_set_refcount) {
2677 new_set_refcount(new_refblock, new_refblock_index++,
2678 refcount);
2679 } else {
2680 new_refblock_index++;
2682 new_refblock_empty = new_refblock_empty && refcount == 0;
2685 qcow2_cache_put(bs, s->refcount_block_cache, &refblock);
2686 } else {
2687 /* No refblock means every refcount is 0 */
2688 for (refblock_index = 0; refblock_index < s->refcount_block_size;
2689 refblock_index++)
2691 if (new_refblock_index >= new_refblock_size) {
2692 /* new_refblock is now complete */
2693 ret = operation(bs, new_reftable, *new_reftable_index,
2694 new_reftable_size, new_refblock,
2695 new_refblock_empty, allocated, errp);
2696 if (ret < 0) {
2697 return ret;
2700 (*new_reftable_index)++;
2701 new_refblock_index = 0;
2702 new_refblock_empty = true;
2705 if (new_set_refcount) {
2706 new_set_refcount(new_refblock, new_refblock_index++, 0);
2707 } else {
2708 new_refblock_index++;
2714 if (new_refblock_index > 0) {
2715 /* Complete the potentially existing partially filled final refblock */
2716 if (new_set_refcount) {
2717 for (; new_refblock_index < new_refblock_size;
2718 new_refblock_index++)
2720 new_set_refcount(new_refblock, new_refblock_index, 0);
2724 ret = operation(bs, new_reftable, *new_reftable_index,
2725 new_reftable_size, new_refblock, new_refblock_empty,
2726 allocated, errp);
2727 if (ret < 0) {
2728 return ret;
2731 (*new_reftable_index)++;
2734 status_cb(bs, (uint64_t)(index + 1) * s->refcount_table_size,
2735 (uint64_t)total * s->refcount_table_size, cb_opaque);
2737 return 0;
2740 int qcow2_change_refcount_order(BlockDriverState *bs, int refcount_order,
2741 BlockDriverAmendStatusCB *status_cb,
2742 void *cb_opaque, Error **errp)
2744 BDRVQcow2State *s = bs->opaque;
2745 Qcow2GetRefcountFunc *new_get_refcount;
2746 Qcow2SetRefcountFunc *new_set_refcount;
2747 void *new_refblock = qemu_blockalign(bs->file->bs, s->cluster_size);
2748 uint64_t *new_reftable = NULL, new_reftable_size = 0;
2749 uint64_t *old_reftable, old_reftable_size, old_reftable_offset;
2750 uint64_t new_reftable_index = 0;
2751 uint64_t i;
2752 int64_t new_reftable_offset = 0, allocated_reftable_size = 0;
2753 int new_refblock_size, new_refcount_bits = 1 << refcount_order;
2754 int old_refcount_order;
2755 int walk_index = 0;
2756 int ret;
2757 bool new_allocation;
2759 assert(s->qcow_version >= 3);
2760 assert(refcount_order >= 0 && refcount_order <= 6);
2762 /* see qcow2_open() */
2763 new_refblock_size = 1 << (s->cluster_bits - (refcount_order - 3));
2765 new_get_refcount = get_refcount_funcs[refcount_order];
2766 new_set_refcount = set_refcount_funcs[refcount_order];
2769 do {
2770 int total_walks;
2772 new_allocation = false;
2774 /* At least we have to do this walk and the one which writes the
2775 * refblocks; also, at least we have to do this loop here at least
2776 * twice (normally), first to do the allocations, and second to
2777 * determine that everything is correctly allocated, this then makes
2778 * three walks in total */
2779 total_walks = MAX(walk_index + 2, 3);
2781 /* First, allocate the structures so they are present in the refcount
2782 * structures */
2783 ret = walk_over_reftable(bs, &new_reftable, &new_reftable_index,
2784 &new_reftable_size, NULL, new_refblock_size,
2785 new_refcount_bits, &alloc_refblock,
2786 &new_allocation, NULL, status_cb, cb_opaque,
2787 walk_index++, total_walks, errp);
2788 if (ret < 0) {
2789 goto done;
2792 new_reftable_index = 0;
2794 if (new_allocation) {
2795 if (new_reftable_offset) {
2796 qcow2_free_clusters(bs, new_reftable_offset,
2797 allocated_reftable_size * sizeof(uint64_t),
2798 QCOW2_DISCARD_NEVER);
2801 new_reftable_offset = qcow2_alloc_clusters(bs, new_reftable_size *
2802 sizeof(uint64_t));
2803 if (new_reftable_offset < 0) {
2804 error_setg_errno(errp, -new_reftable_offset,
2805 "Failed to allocate the new reftable");
2806 ret = new_reftable_offset;
2807 goto done;
2809 allocated_reftable_size = new_reftable_size;
2811 } while (new_allocation);
2813 /* Second, write the new refblocks */
2814 ret = walk_over_reftable(bs, &new_reftable, &new_reftable_index,
2815 &new_reftable_size, new_refblock,
2816 new_refblock_size, new_refcount_bits,
2817 &flush_refblock, &new_allocation, new_set_refcount,
2818 status_cb, cb_opaque, walk_index, walk_index + 1,
2819 errp);
2820 if (ret < 0) {
2821 goto done;
2823 assert(!new_allocation);
2826 /* Write the new reftable */
2827 ret = qcow2_pre_write_overlap_check(bs, 0, new_reftable_offset,
2828 new_reftable_size * sizeof(uint64_t));
2829 if (ret < 0) {
2830 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Overlap check failed");
2831 goto done;
2834 for (i = 0; i < new_reftable_size; i++) {
2835 cpu_to_be64s(&new_reftable[i]);
2838 ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file->bs, new_reftable_offset, new_reftable,
2839 new_reftable_size * sizeof(uint64_t));
2841 for (i = 0; i < new_reftable_size; i++) {
2842 be64_to_cpus(&new_reftable[i]);
2845 if (ret < 0) {
2846 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to write the new reftable");
2847 goto done;
2851 /* Empty the refcount cache */
2852 ret = qcow2_cache_flush(bs, s->refcount_block_cache);
2853 if (ret < 0) {
2854 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to flush the refblock cache");
2855 goto done;
2858 /* Update the image header to point to the new reftable; this only updates
2859 * the fields which are relevant to qcow2_update_header(); other fields
2860 * such as s->refcount_table or s->refcount_bits stay stale for now
2861 * (because we have to restore everything if qcow2_update_header() fails) */
2862 old_refcount_order = s->refcount_order;
2863 old_reftable_size = s->refcount_table_size;
2864 old_reftable_offset = s->refcount_table_offset;
2866 s->refcount_order = refcount_order;
2867 s->refcount_table_size = new_reftable_size;
2868 s->refcount_table_offset = new_reftable_offset;
2870 ret = qcow2_update_header(bs);
2871 if (ret < 0) {
2872 s->refcount_order = old_refcount_order;
2873 s->refcount_table_size = old_reftable_size;
2874 s->refcount_table_offset = old_reftable_offset;
2875 error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Failed to update the qcow2 header");
2876 goto done;
2879 /* Now update the rest of the in-memory information */
2880 old_reftable = s->refcount_table;
2881 s->refcount_table = new_reftable;
2883 s->refcount_bits = 1 << refcount_order;
2884 s->refcount_max = UINT64_C(1) << (s->refcount_bits - 1);
2885 s->refcount_max += s->refcount_max - 1;
2887 s->refcount_block_bits = s->cluster_bits - (refcount_order - 3);
2888 s->refcount_block_size = 1 << s->refcount_block_bits;
2890 s->get_refcount = new_get_refcount;
2891 s->set_refcount = new_set_refcount;
2893 /* For cleaning up all old refblocks and the old reftable below the "done"
2894 * label */
2895 new_reftable = old_reftable;
2896 new_reftable_size = old_reftable_size;
2897 new_reftable_offset = old_reftable_offset;
2899 done:
2900 if (new_reftable) {
2901 /* On success, new_reftable actually points to the old reftable (and
2902 * new_reftable_size is the old reftable's size); but that is just
2903 * fine */
2904 for (i = 0; i < new_reftable_size; i++) {
2905 uint64_t offset = new_reftable[i] & REFT_OFFSET_MASK;
2906 if (offset) {
2907 qcow2_free_clusters(bs, offset, s->cluster_size,
2908 QCOW2_DISCARD_OTHER);
2911 g_free(new_reftable);
2913 if (new_reftable_offset > 0) {
2914 qcow2_free_clusters(bs, new_reftable_offset,
2915 new_reftable_size * sizeof(uint64_t),
2916 QCOW2_DISCARD_OTHER);
2920 qemu_vfree(new_refblock);
2921 return ret;