loader.c

   1 /*
   2  * QEMU Executable loader
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (c) 2006 Fabrice Bellard
   5  *
   6  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
   7  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
   8  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
   9  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
  10  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
  11  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
  12  *
  13  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
  14  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
  15  *
  16  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
  17  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
  18  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
  19  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
  20  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
  21  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
  22  * THE SOFTWARE.
  23  *
  24  * Gunzip functionality in this file is derived from u-boot:
  25  *
  26  * (C) Copyright 2008 Semihalf
  27  *
  28  * (C) Copyright 2000-2005
  29  * Wolfgang Denk, DENX Software Engineering, wd@denx.de.
  30  *
  31  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  32  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
  33  * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
  34  * the License, or (at your option) any later version.
  35  *
  36  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  37  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  38  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  39  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  40  *
  41  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
  42  * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
  43  * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  44  */
  45
  46 #include "qemu-common.h"
  47 #include "disas.h"
  48 #include "sysemu.h"
  49 #include "uboot_image.h"
  50
  51 #include <zlib.h>
  52
  53 /* return the size or -1 if error */
  54 int get_image_size(const char *filename)
  55 {
  56     int fd, size;
  57     fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
  58     if (fd < 0)
  59         return -1;
  60     size = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
  61     close(fd);
  62     return size;
  63 }
  64
  65 /* return the size or -1 if error */
  66 /* deprecated, because caller does not specify buffer size! */
  67 int load_image(const char *filename, uint8_t *addr)
  68 {
  69     int fd, size;
  70     fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
  71     if (fd < 0)
  72         return -1;
  73     size = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
  74     lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
  75     if (read(fd, addr, size) != size) {
  76         close(fd);
  77         return -1;
  78     }
  79     close(fd);
  80     return size;
  81 }
  82
  83 /* return the amount read, just like fread.  0 may mean error or eof */
  84 int fread_targphys(target_phys_addr_t dst_addr, size_t nbytes, FILE *f)
  85 {
  86     uint8_t buf[4096];
  87     target_phys_addr_t dst_begin = dst_addr;
  88     size_t want, did;
  89
  90     while (nbytes) {
  91         want = nbytes > sizeof(buf) ? sizeof(buf) : nbytes;
  92         did = fread(buf, 1, want, f);
  93
  94         cpu_physical_memory_write_rom(dst_addr, buf, did);
  95         dst_addr += did;
  96         nbytes -= did;
  97         if (did != want)
  98             break;
  99     }
 100     return dst_addr - dst_begin;
 101 }
 102
 103 /* returns 0 on error, 1 if ok */
 104 int fread_targphys_ok(target_phys_addr_t dst_addr, size_t nbytes, FILE *f)
 105 {
 106     return fread_targphys(dst_addr, nbytes, f) == nbytes;
 107 }
 108
 109 /* read()-like version */
 110 int read_targphys(int fd, target_phys_addr_t dst_addr, size_t nbytes)
 111 {
 112     uint8_t buf[4096];
 113     target_phys_addr_t dst_begin = dst_addr;
 114     size_t want, did;
 115
 116     while (nbytes) {
 117         want = nbytes > sizeof(buf) ? sizeof(buf) : nbytes;
 118         did = read(fd, buf, want);
 119         if (did != want) break;
 120
 121         cpu_physical_memory_write_rom(dst_addr, buf, did);
 122         dst_addr += did;
 123         nbytes -= did;
 124     }
 125     return dst_addr - dst_begin;
 126 }
 127
 128 /* return the size or -1 if error */
 129 int load_image_targphys(const char *filename,
 130                         target_phys_addr_t addr, int max_sz)
 131 {
 132     FILE *f;
 133     size_t got;
 134
 135     f = fopen(filename, "rb");
 136     if (!f) return -1;
 137
 138     got = fread_targphys(addr, max_sz, f);
 139     if (ferror(f)) { fclose(f); return -1; }
 140     fclose(f);
 141
 142     return got;
 143 }
 144
 145 void pstrcpy_targphys(target_phys_addr_t dest, int buf_size,
 146                       const char *source)
 147 {
 148     static const uint8_t nul_byte = 0;
 149     const char *nulp;
 150
 151     if (buf_size <= 0) return;
 152     nulp = memchr(source, 0, buf_size);
 153     if (nulp) {
 154         cpu_physical_memory_write_rom(dest, (uint8_t *)source,
 155                                       (nulp - source) + 1);
 156     } else {
 157         cpu_physical_memory_write_rom(dest, (uint8_t *)source, buf_size - 1);
 158         cpu_physical_memory_write_rom(dest, &nul_byte, 1);
 159     }
 160 }
 161
 162 /* A.OUT loader */
 163
 164 struct exec
 165 {
 166   uint32_t a_info;   /* Use macros N_MAGIC, etc for access */
 167   uint32_t a_text;   /* length of text, in bytes */
 168   uint32_t a_data;   /* length of data, in bytes */
 169   uint32_t a_bss;    /* length of uninitialized data area, in bytes */
 170   uint32_t a_syms;   /* length of symbol table data in file, in bytes */
 171   uint32_t a_entry;  /* start address */
 172   uint32_t a_trsize; /* length of relocation info for text, in bytes */
 173   uint32_t a_drsize; /* length of relocation info for data, in bytes */
 174 };
 175
 176 #ifdef BSWAP_NEEDED
 177 static void bswap_ahdr(struct exec *e)
 178 {
 179     bswap32s(&e->a_info);
 180     bswap32s(&e->a_text);
 181     bswap32s(&e->a_data);
 182     bswap32s(&e->a_bss);
 183     bswap32s(&e->a_syms);
 184     bswap32s(&e->a_entry);
 185     bswap32s(&e->a_trsize);
 186     bswap32s(&e->a_drsize);
 187 }
 188 #else
 189 #define bswap_ahdr(x) do { } while (0)
 190 #endif
 191
 192 #define N_MAGIC(exec) ((exec).a_info & 0xffff)
 193 #define OMAGIC 0407
 194 #define NMAGIC 0410
 195 #define ZMAGIC 0413
 196 #define QMAGIC 0314
 197 #define _N_HDROFF(x) (1024 - sizeof (struct exec))
 198 #define N_TXTOFF(x)                                                     \
 199     (N_MAGIC(x) == ZMAGIC ? _N_HDROFF((x)) + sizeof (struct exec) :     \
 200      (N_MAGIC(x) == QMAGIC ? 0 : sizeof (struct exec)))
 201 #define N_TXTADDR(x) (N_MAGIC(x) == QMAGIC ? TARGET_PAGE_SIZE : 0)
 202 #define _N_SEGMENT_ROUND(x) (((x) + TARGET_PAGE_SIZE - 1) & ~(TARGET_PAGE_SIZE - 1))
 203
 204 #define _N_TXTENDADDR(x) (N_TXTADDR(x)+(x).a_text)
 205
 206 #define N_DATADDR(x) \
 207     (N_MAGIC(x)==OMAGIC? (_N_TXTENDADDR(x)) \
 208      : (_N_SEGMENT_ROUND (_N_TXTENDADDR(x))))
 209
 210
 211 int load_aout(const char *filename, target_phys_addr_t addr, int max_sz)
 212 {
 213     int fd, size, ret;
 214     struct exec e;
 215     uint32_t magic;
 216
 217     fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
 218     if (fd < 0)
 219         return -1;
 220
 221     size = read(fd, &e, sizeof(e));
 222     if (size < 0)
 223         goto fail;
 224
 225     bswap_ahdr(&e);
 226
 227     magic = N_MAGIC(e);
 228     switch (magic) {
 229     case ZMAGIC:
 230     case QMAGIC:
 231     case OMAGIC:
 232         if (e.a_text + e.a_data > max_sz)
 233             goto fail;
 234         lseek(fd, N_TXTOFF(e), SEEK_SET);
 235         size = read_targphys(fd, addr, e.a_text + e.a_data);
 236         if (size < 0)
 237             goto fail;
 238         break;
 239     case NMAGIC:
 240         if (N_DATADDR(e) + e.a_data > max_sz)
 241             goto fail;
 242         lseek(fd, N_TXTOFF(e), SEEK_SET);
 243         size = read_targphys(fd, addr, e.a_text);
 244         if (size < 0)
 245             goto fail;
 246         ret = read_targphys(fd, addr + N_DATADDR(e), e.a_data);
 247         if (ret < 0)
 248             goto fail;
 249         size += ret;
 250         break;
 251     default:
 252         goto fail;
 253     }
 254     close(fd);
 255     return size;
 256  fail:
 257     close(fd);
 258     return -1;
 259 }
 260
 261 /* ELF loader */
 262
 263 static void *load_at(int fd, int offset, int size)
 264 {
 265     void *ptr;
 266     if (lseek(fd, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0)
 267         return NULL;
 268     ptr = qemu_malloc(size);
 269     if (read(fd, ptr, size) != size) {
 270         qemu_free(ptr);
 271         return NULL;
 272     }
 273     return ptr;
 274 }
 275
 276
 277 #define ELF_CLASS   ELFCLASS32
 278 #include "elf.h"
 279
 280 #define SZ              32
 281 #define elf_word        uint32_t
 282 #define elf_sword        int32_t
 283 #define bswapSZs        bswap32s
 284 #include "elf_ops.h"
 285
 286 #undef elfhdr
 287 #undef elf_phdr
 288 #undef elf_shdr
 289 #undef elf_sym
 290 #undef elf_note
 291 #undef elf_word
 292 #undef elf_sword
 293 #undef bswapSZs
 294 #undef SZ
 295 #define elfhdr          elf64_hdr
 296 #define elf_phdr        elf64_phdr
 297 #define elf_note        elf64_note
 298 #define elf_shdr        elf64_shdr
 299 #define elf_sym         elf64_sym
 300 #define elf_word        uint64_t
 301 #define elf_sword        int64_t
 302 #define bswapSZs        bswap64s
 303 #define SZ              64
 304 #include "elf_ops.h"
 305
 306 /* return < 0 if error, otherwise the number of bytes loaded in memory */
 307 int load_elf(const char *filename, int64_t address_offset,
 308              uint64_t *pentry, uint64_t *lowaddr, uint64_t *highaddr)
 309 {
 310     int fd, data_order, host_data_order, must_swab, ret;
 311     uint8_t e_ident[EI_NIDENT];
 312
 313     fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
 314     if (fd < 0) {
 315         perror(filename);
 316         return -1;
 317     }
 318     if (read(fd, e_ident, sizeof(e_ident)) != sizeof(e_ident))
 319         goto fail;
 320     if (e_ident[0] != ELFMAG0 ||
 321         e_ident[1] != ELFMAG1 ||
 322         e_ident[2] != ELFMAG2 ||
 323         e_ident[3] != ELFMAG3)
 324         goto fail;
 325 #ifdef WORDS_BIGENDIAN
 326     data_order = ELFDATA2MSB;
 327 #else
 328     data_order = ELFDATA2LSB;
 329 #endif
 330     must_swab = data_order != e_ident[EI_DATA];
 331
 332 #ifdef TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN
 333     host_data_order = ELFDATA2MSB;
 334 #else
 335     host_data_order = ELFDATA2LSB;
 336 #endif
 337     if (host_data_order != e_ident[EI_DATA])
 338         return -1;
 339
 340     lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
 341     if (e_ident[EI_CLASS] == ELFCLASS64) {
 342         ret = load_elf64(fd, address_offset, must_swab, pentry,
 343                          lowaddr, highaddr);
 344     } else {
 345         ret = load_elf32(fd, address_offset, must_swab, pentry,
 346                          lowaddr, highaddr);
 347     }
 348
 349     close(fd);
 350     return ret;
 351
 352  fail:
 353     close(fd);
 354     return -1;
 355 }
 356
 357 static void bswap_uboot_header(uboot_image_header_t *hdr)
 358 {
 359 #ifndef WORDS_BIGENDIAN
 360     bswap32s(&hdr->ih_magic);
 361     bswap32s(&hdr->ih_hcrc);
 362     bswap32s(&hdr->ih_time);
 363     bswap32s(&hdr->ih_size);
 364     bswap32s(&hdr->ih_load);
 365     bswap32s(&hdr->ih_ep);
 366     bswap32s(&hdr->ih_dcrc);
 367 #endif
 368 }
 369
 370
 371 #define ZALLOC_ALIGNMENT        16
 372
 373 static void *zalloc(void *x, unsigned items, unsigned size)
 374 {
 375     void *p;
 376
 377     size *= items;
 378     size = (size + ZALLOC_ALIGNMENT - 1) & ~(ZALLOC_ALIGNMENT - 1);
 379
 380     p = qemu_malloc(size);
 381
 382     return (p);
 383 }
 384
 385 static void zfree(void *x, void *addr, unsigned nb)
 386 {
 387     qemu_free(addr);
 388 }
 389
 390
 391 #define HEAD_CRC        2
 392 #define EXTRA_FIELD     4
 393 #define ORIG_NAME       8
 394 #define COMMENT         0x10
 395 #define RESERVED        0xe0
 396
 397 #define DEFLATED        8
 398
 399 /* This is the maximum in uboot, so if a uImage overflows this, it would
 400  * overflow on real hardware too. */
 401 #define UBOOT_MAX_GUNZIP_BYTES 0x800000
 402
 403 static ssize_t gunzip(void *dst, size_t dstlen, uint8_t *src,
 404                       size_t srclen)
 405 {
 406     z_stream s;
 407     ssize_t dstbytes;
 408     int r, i, flags;
 409
 410     /* skip header */
 411     i = 10;
 412     flags = src[3];
 413     if (src[2] != DEFLATED || (flags & RESERVED) != 0) {
 414         puts ("Error: Bad gzipped data\n");
 415         return -1;
 416     }
 417     if ((flags & EXTRA_FIELD) != 0)
 418         i = 12 + src[10] + (src[11] << 8);
 419     if ((flags & ORIG_NAME) != 0)
 420         while (src[i++] != 0)
 421             ;
 422     if ((flags & COMMENT) != 0)
 423         while (src[i++] != 0)
 424             ;
 425     if ((flags & HEAD_CRC) != 0)
 426         i += 2;
 427     if (i >= srclen) {
 428         puts ("Error: gunzip out of data in header\n");
 429         return -1;
 430     }
 431
 432     s.zalloc = zalloc;
 433     s.zfree = (free_func)zfree;
 434
 435     r = inflateInit2(&s, -MAX_WBITS);
 436     if (r != Z_OK) {
 437         printf ("Error: inflateInit2() returned %d\n", r);
 438         return (-1);
 439     }
 440     s.next_in = src + i;
 441     s.avail_in = srclen - i;
 442     s.next_out = dst;
 443     s.avail_out = dstlen;
 444     r = inflate(&s, Z_FINISH);
 445     if (r != Z_OK && r != Z_STREAM_END) {
 446         printf ("Error: inflate() returned %d\n", r);
 447         return -1;
 448     }
 449     dstbytes = s.next_out - (unsigned char *) dst;
 450     inflateEnd(&s);
 451
 452     return dstbytes;
 453 }
 454
 455 /* Load a U-Boot image.  */
 456 int load_uimage(const char *filename, target_ulong *ep, target_ulong *loadaddr,
 457                 int *is_linux)
 458 {
 459     int fd;
 460     int size;
 461     uboot_image_header_t h;
 462     uboot_image_header_t *hdr = &h;
 463     uint8_t *data = NULL;
 464     int ret = -1;
 465
 466     fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
 467     if (fd < 0)
 468         return -1;
 469
 470     size = read(fd, hdr, sizeof(uboot_image_header_t));
 471     if (size < 0)
 472         goto out;
 473
 474     bswap_uboot_header(hdr);
 475
 476     if (hdr->ih_magic != IH_MAGIC)
 477         goto out;
 478
 479     /* TODO: Implement other image types.  */
 480     if (hdr->ih_type != IH_TYPE_KERNEL) {
 481         fprintf(stderr, "Can only load u-boot image type \"kernel\"\n");
 482         goto out;
 483     }
 484
 485     switch (hdr->ih_comp) {
 486     case IH_COMP_NONE:
 487     case IH_COMP_GZIP:
 488         break;
 489     default:
 490         fprintf(stderr,
 491                 "Unable to load u-boot images with compression type %d\n",
 492                 hdr->ih_comp);
 493         goto out;
 494     }
 495
 496     /* TODO: Check CPU type.  */
 497     if (is_linux) {
 498         if (hdr->ih_os == IH_OS_LINUX)
 499             *is_linux = 1;
 500         else
 501             *is_linux = 0;
 502     }
 503
 504     *ep = hdr->ih_ep;
 505     data = qemu_malloc(hdr->ih_size);
 506
 507     if (read(fd, data, hdr->ih_size) != hdr->ih_size) {
 508         fprintf(stderr, "Error reading file\n");
 509         goto out;
 510     }
 511
 512     if (hdr->ih_comp == IH_COMP_GZIP) {
 513         uint8_t *compressed_data;
 514         size_t max_bytes;
 515         ssize_t bytes;
 516
 517         compressed_data = data;
 518         max_bytes = UBOOT_MAX_GUNZIP_BYTES;
 519         data = qemu_malloc(max_bytes);
 520
 521         bytes = gunzip(data, max_bytes, compressed_data, hdr->ih_size);
 522         qemu_free(compressed_data);
 523         if (bytes < 0) {
 524             fprintf(stderr, "Unable to decompress gzipped image!\n");
 525             goto out;
 526         }
 527         hdr->ih_size = bytes;
 528     }
 529
 530     cpu_physical_memory_write_rom(hdr->ih_load, data, hdr->ih_size);
 531
 532     if (loadaddr)
 533         *loadaddr = hdr->ih_load;
 534
 535     ret = hdr->ih_size;
 536
 537 out:
 538     if (data)
 539         qemu_free(data);
 540     close(fd);
 541     return ret;
 542 }