4 * Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard
5 * Copyright (c) 2010 Red Hat, Inc.
7 * QEMU library functions on POSIX which are shared between QEMU and
10 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
11 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
12 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
13 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
14 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
15 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
17 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
18 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
20 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
21 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
22 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
23 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
24 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
25 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
29 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
32 #include <glib/gprintf.h>
34 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
36 #include "qapi/error.h"
37 #include "qemu/sockets.h"
39 #include <sys/signal.h>
40 #include "qemu/cutils.h"
43 #include <sys/syscall.h>
47 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
53 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
56 #include "qemu/mmap-alloc.h"
58 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_STACK_USAGE
59 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
62 #define MAX_MEM_PREALLOC_THREAD_COUNT 16
71 typedef struct MemsetThread MemsetThread
;
73 static MemsetThread
*memset_thread
;
74 static int memset_num_threads
;
75 static bool memset_thread_failed
;
77 int qemu_get_thread_id(void)
79 #if defined(__linux__)
80 return syscall(SYS_gettid
);
86 int qemu_daemon(int nochdir
, int noclose
)
88 return daemon(nochdir
, noclose
);
91 bool qemu_write_pidfile(const char *path
, Error
**errp
)
100 .l_whence
= SEEK_SET
,
104 fd
= qemu_open(path
, O_CREAT
| O_WRONLY
, S_IRUSR
| S_IWUSR
);
106 error_setg_errno(errp
, errno
, "Cannot open pid file");
110 if (fstat(fd
, &b
) < 0) {
111 error_setg_errno(errp
, errno
, "Cannot stat file");
115 if (fcntl(fd
, F_SETLK
, &lock
)) {
116 error_setg_errno(errp
, errno
, "Cannot lock pid file");
121 * Now make sure the path we locked is the same one that now
122 * exists on the filesystem.
124 if (stat(path
, &a
) < 0) {
126 * PID file disappeared, someone else must be racing with
133 if (a
.st_ino
== b
.st_ino
) {
138 * PID file was recreated, someone else must be racing with
144 if (ftruncate(fd
, 0) < 0) {
145 error_setg_errno(errp
, errno
, "Failed to truncate pid file");
149 snprintf(pidstr
, sizeof(pidstr
), FMT_pid
"\n", getpid());
150 if (write(fd
, pidstr
, strlen(pidstr
)) != strlen(pidstr
)) {
151 error_setg(errp
, "Failed to write pid file");
164 void *qemu_oom_check(void *ptr
)
167 fprintf(stderr
, "Failed to allocate memory: %s\n", strerror(errno
));
173 void *qemu_try_memalign(size_t alignment
, size_t size
)
177 if (alignment
< sizeof(void*)) {
178 alignment
= sizeof(void*);
181 #if defined(CONFIG_POSIX_MEMALIGN)
183 ret
= posix_memalign(&ptr
, alignment
, size
);
188 #elif defined(CONFIG_BSD)
191 ptr
= memalign(alignment
, size
);
193 trace_qemu_memalign(alignment
, size
, ptr
);
197 void *qemu_memalign(size_t alignment
, size_t size
)
199 return qemu_oom_check(qemu_try_memalign(alignment
, size
));
202 /* alloc shared memory pages */
203 void *qemu_anon_ram_alloc(size_t size
, uint64_t *alignment
, bool shared
)
205 size_t align
= QEMU_VMALLOC_ALIGN
;
206 void *ptr
= qemu_ram_mmap(-1, size
, align
, shared
);
208 if (ptr
== MAP_FAILED
) {
216 trace_qemu_anon_ram_alloc(size
, ptr
);
220 void qemu_vfree(void *ptr
)
222 trace_qemu_vfree(ptr
);
226 void qemu_anon_ram_free(void *ptr
, size_t size
)
228 trace_qemu_anon_ram_free(ptr
, size
);
229 qemu_ram_munmap(ptr
, size
);
232 void qemu_set_block(int fd
)
235 f
= fcntl(fd
, F_GETFL
);
237 f
= fcntl(fd
, F_SETFL
, f
& ~O_NONBLOCK
);
241 void qemu_set_nonblock(int fd
)
244 f
= fcntl(fd
, F_GETFL
);
246 f
= fcntl(fd
, F_SETFL
, f
| O_NONBLOCK
);
250 int socket_set_fast_reuse(int fd
)
254 ret
= setsockopt(fd
, SOL_SOCKET
, SO_REUSEADDR
,
255 (const char *)&val
, sizeof(val
));
262 void qemu_set_cloexec(int fd
)
265 f
= fcntl(fd
, F_GETFD
);
267 f
= fcntl(fd
, F_SETFD
, f
| FD_CLOEXEC
);
272 * Creates a pipe with FD_CLOEXEC set on both file descriptors
274 int qemu_pipe(int pipefd
[2])
279 ret
= pipe2(pipefd
, O_CLOEXEC
);
280 if (ret
!= -1 || errno
!= ENOSYS
) {
286 qemu_set_cloexec(pipefd
[0]);
287 qemu_set_cloexec(pipefd
[1]);
294 qemu_get_local_state_pathname(const char *relative_pathname
)
296 return g_strdup_printf("%s/%s", CONFIG_QEMU_LOCALSTATEDIR
,
300 void qemu_set_tty_echo(int fd
, bool echo
)
307 tty
.c_lflag
|= ECHO
| ECHONL
| ICANON
| IEXTEN
;
309 tty
.c_lflag
&= ~(ECHO
| ECHONL
| ICANON
| IEXTEN
);
312 tcsetattr(fd
, TCSANOW
, &tty
);
315 static char exec_dir
[PATH_MAX
];
317 void qemu_init_exec_dir(const char *argv0
)
323 assert(!exec_dir
[0]);
325 #if defined(__linux__)
328 len
= readlink("/proc/self/exe", buf
, sizeof(buf
) - 1);
334 #elif defined(__FreeBSD__) \
335 || (defined(__NetBSD__) && defined(KERN_PROC_PATHNAME))
337 #if defined(__FreeBSD__)
338 static int mib
[4] = {CTL_KERN
, KERN_PROC
, KERN_PROC_PATHNAME
, -1};
340 static int mib
[4] = {CTL_KERN
, KERN_PROC_ARGS
, -1, KERN_PROC_PATHNAME
};
342 size_t len
= sizeof(buf
) - 1;
345 if (!sysctl(mib
, ARRAY_SIZE(mib
), buf
, &len
, NULL
, 0) &&
347 buf
[sizeof(buf
) - 1] = '\0';
352 /* If we don't have any way of figuring out the actual executable
353 location then try argv[0]. */
358 p
= realpath(argv0
, buf
);
363 dir
= g_path_get_dirname(p
);
365 pstrcpy(exec_dir
, sizeof(exec_dir
), dir
);
370 char *qemu_get_exec_dir(void)
372 return g_strdup(exec_dir
);
375 static void sigbus_handler(int signal
)
379 for (i
= 0; i
< memset_num_threads
; i
++) {
380 if (qemu_thread_is_self(&memset_thread
[i
].pgthread
)) {
381 siglongjmp(memset_thread
[i
].env
, 1);
387 static void *do_touch_pages(void *arg
)
389 MemsetThread
*memset_args
= (MemsetThread
*)arg
;
390 sigset_t set
, oldset
;
394 sigaddset(&set
, SIGBUS
);
395 pthread_sigmask(SIG_UNBLOCK
, &set
, &oldset
);
397 if (sigsetjmp(memset_args
->env
, 1)) {
398 memset_thread_failed
= true;
400 char *addr
= memset_args
->addr
;
401 size_t numpages
= memset_args
->numpages
;
402 size_t hpagesize
= memset_args
->hpagesize
;
404 for (i
= 0; i
< numpages
; i
++) {
406 * Read & write back the same value, so we don't
407 * corrupt existing user/app data that might be
410 * 'volatile' to stop compiler optimizing this away
413 * TODO: get a better solution from kernel so we
414 * don't need to write at all so we don't cause
415 * wear on the storage backing the region...
417 *(volatile char *)addr
= *addr
;
421 pthread_sigmask(SIG_SETMASK
, &oldset
, NULL
);
425 static inline int get_memset_num_threads(int smp_cpus
)
427 long host_procs
= sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN
);
430 if (host_procs
> 0) {
431 ret
= MIN(MIN(host_procs
, MAX_MEM_PREALLOC_THREAD_COUNT
), smp_cpus
);
433 /* In case sysconf() fails, we fall back to single threaded */
437 static bool touch_all_pages(char *area
, size_t hpagesize
, size_t numpages
,
440 size_t numpages_per_thread
;
441 size_t size_per_thread
;
445 memset_thread_failed
= false;
446 memset_num_threads
= get_memset_num_threads(smp_cpus
);
447 memset_thread
= g_new0(MemsetThread
, memset_num_threads
);
448 numpages_per_thread
= (numpages
/ memset_num_threads
);
449 size_per_thread
= (hpagesize
* numpages_per_thread
);
450 for (i
= 0; i
< memset_num_threads
; i
++) {
451 memset_thread
[i
].addr
= addr
;
452 memset_thread
[i
].numpages
= (i
== (memset_num_threads
- 1)) ?
453 numpages
: numpages_per_thread
;
454 memset_thread
[i
].hpagesize
= hpagesize
;
455 qemu_thread_create(&memset_thread
[i
].pgthread
, "touch_pages",
456 do_touch_pages
, &memset_thread
[i
],
457 QEMU_THREAD_JOINABLE
);
458 addr
+= size_per_thread
;
459 numpages
-= numpages_per_thread
;
461 for (i
= 0; i
< memset_num_threads
; i
++) {
462 qemu_thread_join(&memset_thread
[i
].pgthread
);
464 g_free(memset_thread
);
465 memset_thread
= NULL
;
467 return memset_thread_failed
;
470 void os_mem_prealloc(int fd
, char *area
, size_t memory
, int smp_cpus
,
474 struct sigaction act
, oldact
;
475 size_t hpagesize
= qemu_fd_getpagesize(fd
);
476 size_t numpages
= DIV_ROUND_UP(memory
, hpagesize
);
478 memset(&act
, 0, sizeof(act
));
479 act
.sa_handler
= &sigbus_handler
;
482 ret
= sigaction(SIGBUS
, &act
, &oldact
);
484 error_setg_errno(errp
, errno
,
485 "os_mem_prealloc: failed to install signal handler");
489 /* touch pages simultaneously */
490 if (touch_all_pages(area
, hpagesize
, numpages
, smp_cpus
)) {
491 error_setg(errp
, "os_mem_prealloc: Insufficient free host memory "
492 "pages available to allocate guest RAM");
495 ret
= sigaction(SIGBUS
, &oldact
, NULL
);
497 /* Terminate QEMU since it can't recover from error */
498 perror("os_mem_prealloc: failed to reinstall signal handler");
504 char *qemu_get_pid_name(pid_t pid
)
508 #if defined(__FreeBSD__)
509 /* BSDs don't have /proc, but they provide a nice substitute */
510 struct kinfo_proc
*proc
= kinfo_getproc(pid
);
513 name
= g_strdup(proc
->ki_comm
);
517 /* Assume a system with reasonable procfs */
521 pid_path
= g_strdup_printf("/proc/%d/cmdline", pid
);
522 g_file_get_contents(pid_path
, &name
, &len
, NULL
);
530 pid_t
qemu_fork(Error
**errp
)
532 sigset_t oldmask
, newmask
;
533 struct sigaction sig_action
;
538 * Need to block signals now, so that child process can safely
539 * kill off caller's signal handlers without a race.
541 sigfillset(&newmask
);
542 if (pthread_sigmask(SIG_SETMASK
, &newmask
, &oldmask
) != 0) {
543 error_setg_errno(errp
, errno
,
544 "cannot block signals");
552 /* attempt to restore signal mask, but ignore failure, to
553 * avoid obscuring the fork failure */
554 (void)pthread_sigmask(SIG_SETMASK
, &oldmask
, NULL
);
555 error_setg_errno(errp
, saved_errno
,
556 "cannot fork child process");
562 /* Restore our original signal mask now that the child is
563 * safely running. Only documented failures are EFAULT (not
564 * possible, since we are using just-grabbed mask) or EINVAL
565 * (not possible, since we are using correct arguments). */
566 (void)pthread_sigmask(SIG_SETMASK
, &oldmask
, NULL
);
571 /* Clear out all signal handlers from parent so nothing
572 * unexpected can happen in our child once we unblock
574 sig_action
.sa_handler
= SIG_DFL
;
575 sig_action
.sa_flags
= 0;
576 sigemptyset(&sig_action
.sa_mask
);
578 for (i
= 1; i
< NSIG
; i
++) {
579 /* Only possible errors are EFAULT or EINVAL The former
580 * won't happen, the latter we expect, so no need to check
582 (void)sigaction(i
, &sig_action
, NULL
);
585 /* Unmask all signals in child, since we've no idea what the
586 * caller's done with their signal mask and don't want to
587 * propagate that to children */
588 sigemptyset(&newmask
);
589 if (pthread_sigmask(SIG_SETMASK
, &newmask
, NULL
) != 0) {
590 Error
*local_err
= NULL
;
591 error_setg_errno(&local_err
, errno
,
592 "cannot unblock signals");
593 error_report_err(local_err
);
600 void *qemu_alloc_stack(size_t *sz
)
602 void *ptr
, *guardpage
;
604 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_STACK_USAGE
607 size_t pagesz
= getpagesize();
608 #ifdef _SC_THREAD_STACK_MIN
609 /* avoid stacks smaller than _SC_THREAD_STACK_MIN */
610 long min_stack_sz
= sysconf(_SC_THREAD_STACK_MIN
);
611 *sz
= MAX(MAX(min_stack_sz
, 0), *sz
);
613 /* adjust stack size to a multiple of the page size */
614 *sz
= ROUND_UP(*sz
, pagesz
);
615 /* allocate one extra page for the guard page */
618 flags
= MAP_PRIVATE
| MAP_ANONYMOUS
;
619 #if defined(MAP_STACK) && defined(__OpenBSD__)
620 /* Only enable MAP_STACK on OpenBSD. Other OS's such as
621 * Linux/FreeBSD/NetBSD have a flag with the same name
622 * but have differing functionality. OpenBSD will SEGV
623 * if it spots execution with a stack pointer pointing
624 * at memory that was not allocated with MAP_STACK.
629 ptr
= mmap(NULL
, *sz
, PROT_READ
| PROT_WRITE
, flags
, -1, 0);
630 if (ptr
== MAP_FAILED
) {
631 perror("failed to allocate memory for stack");
635 #if defined(HOST_IA64)
636 /* separate register stack */
637 guardpage
= ptr
+ (((*sz
- pagesz
) / 2) & ~pagesz
);
638 #elif defined(HOST_HPPA)
640 guardpage
= ptr
+ *sz
- pagesz
;
642 /* stack grows down */
645 if (mprotect(guardpage
, pagesz
, PROT_NONE
) != 0) {
646 perror("failed to set up stack guard page");
650 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_STACK_USAGE
651 for (ptr2
= ptr
+ pagesz
; ptr2
< ptr
+ *sz
; ptr2
+= sizeof(uint32_t)) {
652 *(uint32_t *)ptr2
= 0xdeadbeaf;
659 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_STACK_USAGE
660 static __thread
unsigned int max_stack_usage
;
663 void qemu_free_stack(void *stack
, size_t sz
)
665 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_STACK_USAGE
669 for (ptr
= stack
+ getpagesize(); ptr
< stack
+ sz
;
670 ptr
+= sizeof(uint32_t)) {
671 if (*(uint32_t *)ptr
!= 0xdeadbeaf) {
675 usage
= sz
- (uintptr_t) (ptr
- stack
);
676 if (usage
> max_stack_usage
) {
677 error_report("thread %d max stack usage increased from %u to %u",
678 qemu_get_thread_id(), max_stack_usage
, usage
);
679 max_stack_usage
= usage
;
686 void sigaction_invoke(struct sigaction
*action
,
687 struct qemu_signalfd_siginfo
*info
)
690 si
.si_signo
= info
->ssi_signo
;
691 si
.si_errno
= info
->ssi_errno
;
692 si
.si_code
= info
->ssi_code
;
694 /* Convert the minimal set of fields defined by POSIX.
695 * Positive si_code values are reserved for kernel-generated
696 * signals, where the valid siginfo fields are determined by
697 * the signal number. But according to POSIX, it is unspecified
698 * whether SI_USER and SI_QUEUE have values less than or equal to
701 if (info
->ssi_code
== SI_USER
|| info
->ssi_code
== SI_QUEUE
||
702 info
->ssi_code
<= 0) {
704 si
.si_pid
= info
->ssi_pid
;
705 si
.si_uid
= info
->ssi_uid
;
706 } else if (info
->ssi_signo
== SIGILL
|| info
->ssi_signo
== SIGFPE
||
707 info
->ssi_signo
== SIGSEGV
|| info
->ssi_signo
== SIGBUS
) {
708 si
.si_addr
= (void *)(uintptr_t)info
->ssi_addr
;
709 } else if (info
->ssi_signo
== SIGCHLD
) {
710 si
.si_pid
= info
->ssi_pid
;
711 si
.si_status
= info
->ssi_status
;
712 si
.si_uid
= info
->ssi_uid
;
714 action
->sa_sigaction(info
->ssi_signo
, &si
, NULL
);