1 ========================================
2 QTest Device Emulation Testing Framework
3 ========================================
9 QTest is a device emulation testing framework. It can be very useful to test
10 device models; it could also control certain aspects of QEMU (such as virtual
11 clock stepping), with a special purpose "qtest" protocol. Refer to
12 :ref:`qtest-protocol` for more details of the protocol.
14 QTest cases can be executed with
20 The QTest library is implemented by ``tests/qtest/libqtest.c`` and the API is
21 defined in ``tests/qtest/libqtest.h``.
23 Consider adding a new QTest case when you are introducing a new virtual
24 hardware, or extending one if you are adding functionalities to an existing
27 On top of libqtest, a higher level library, ``libqos``, was created to
28 encapsulate common tasks of device drivers, such as memory management and
29 communicating with system buses or devices. Many virtual device tests use
30 libqos instead of directly calling into libqtest.
31 Libqos also offers the Qgraph API to increase each test coverage and
32 automate QEMU command line arguments and devices setup.
33 Refer to :ref:`qgraph` for Qgraph explanation and API.
35 Steps to add a new QTest case are:
37 1. Create a new source file for the test. (More than one file can be added as
38 necessary.) For example, ``tests/qtest/foo-test.c``.
40 2. Write the test code with the glib and libqtest/libqos API. See also existing
41 tests and the library headers for reference.
43 3. Register the new test in ``tests/qtest/meson.build``. Add the test
44 executable name to an appropriate ``qtests_*`` variable. There is
45 one variable per architecture, plus ``qtests_generic`` for tests
46 that can be run for all architectures. For example::
54 4. If the test has more than one source file or needs to be linked with any
55 dependency other than ``qemuutil`` and ``qos``, list them in the ``qtests``
56 dictionary. For example a test that needs to use the ``QIO`` library
57 will have an entry like::
65 Debugging a QTest failure is slightly harder than the unit test because the
66 tests look up QEMU program names in the environment variables, such as
67 ``QTEST_QEMU_BINARY`` and ``QTEST_QEMU_IMG``, and also because it is not easy
68 to attach gdb to the QEMU process spawned from the test. But manual invoking
69 and using gdb on the test is still simple to do: find out the actual command
76 which you can run manually.
84 .. kernel-doc:: softmmu/qtest.c
88 libqtest API reference
89 ----------------------
91 .. kernel-doc:: tests/qtest/libqtest.h