qemu-io.c

   1 /*
   2  * Command line utility to exercise the QEMU I/O path.
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 2009 Red Hat, Inc.
   5  * Copyright (c) 2003-2005 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
   6  *
   7  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
   8  * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
   9  */
  10 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
  11 #include <getopt.h>
  12 #include <libgen.h>
  13
  14 #include "qapi/error.h"
  15 #include "qemu-io.h"
  16 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
  17 #include "qemu/main-loop.h"
  18 #include "qemu/option.h"
  19 #include "qemu/config-file.h"
  20 #include "qemu/readline.h"
  21 #include "qemu/log.h"
  22 #include "qapi/qmp/qstring.h"
  23 #include "qapi/qmp/qbool.h"
  24 #include "qom/object_interfaces.h"
  25 #include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
  26 #include "block/block_int.h"
  27 #include "trace/control.h"
  28 #include "crypto/init.h"
  29
  30 #define CMD_NOFILE_OK   0x01
  31
  32 static char *progname;
  33
  34 static BlockBackend *qemuio_blk;
  35
  36 /* qemu-io commands passed using -c */
  37 static int ncmdline;
  38 static char **cmdline;
  39 static bool imageOpts;
  40
  41 static ReadLineState *readline_state;
  42
  43 static int close_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
  44 {
  45     blk_unref(qemuio_blk);
  46     qemuio_blk = NULL;
  47     return 0;
  48 }
  49
  50 static const cmdinfo_t close_cmd = {
  51     .name       = "close",
  52     .altname    = "c",
  53     .cfunc      = close_f,
  54     .oneline    = "close the current open file",
  55 };
  56
  57 static int openfile(char *name, int flags, bool writethrough, bool force_share,
  58                     QDict *opts)
  59 {
  60     Error *local_err = NULL;
  61     BlockDriverState *bs;
  62
  63     if (qemuio_blk) {
  64         error_report("file open already, try 'help close'");
  65         QDECREF(opts);
  66         return 1;
  67     }
  68
  69     if (force_share) {
  70         if (!opts) {
  71             opts = qdict_new();
  72         }
  73         if (qdict_haskey(opts, BDRV_OPT_FORCE_SHARE)
  74             && !qdict_get_bool(opts, BDRV_OPT_FORCE_SHARE)) {
  75             error_report("-U conflicts with image options");
  76             QDECREF(opts);
  77             return 1;
  78         }
  79         qdict_put(opts, BDRV_OPT_FORCE_SHARE, qbool_from_bool(true));
  80     }
  81     qemuio_blk = blk_new_open(name, NULL, opts, flags, &local_err);
  82     if (!qemuio_blk) {
  83         error_reportf_err(local_err, "can't open%s%s: ",
  84                           name ? " device " : "", name ?: "");
  85         return 1;
  86     }
  87
  88     bs = blk_bs(qemuio_blk);
  89     if (bdrv_is_encrypted(bs) && bdrv_key_required(bs)) {
  90         char password[256];
  91         printf("Disk image '%s' is encrypted.\n", name);
  92         if (qemu_read_password(password, sizeof(password)) < 0) {
  93             error_report("No password given");
  94             goto error;
  95         }
  96         if (bdrv_set_key(bs, password) < 0) {
  97             error_report("invalid password");
  98             goto error;
  99         }
 100     }
 101
 102     blk_set_enable_write_cache(qemuio_blk, !writethrough);
 103
 104     return 0;
 105
 106  error:
 107     blk_unref(qemuio_blk);
 108     qemuio_blk = NULL;
 109     return 1;
 110 }
 111
 112 static void open_help(void)
 113 {
 114     printf(
 115 "\n"
 116 " opens a new file in the requested mode\n"
 117 "\n"
 118 " Example:\n"
 119 " 'open -n -o driver=raw /tmp/data' - opens raw data file read-write, uncached\n"
 120 "\n"
 121 " Opens a file for subsequent use by all of the other qemu-io commands.\n"
 122 " -r, -- open file read-only\n"
 123 " -s, -- use snapshot file\n"
 124 " -n, -- disable host cache, short for -t none\n"
 125 " -U, -- force shared permissions\n"
 126 " -k, -- use kernel AIO implementation (on Linux only)\n"
 127 " -t, -- use the given cache mode for the image\n"
 128 " -d, -- use the given discard mode for the image\n"
 129 " -o, -- options to be given to the block driver"
 130 "\n");
 131 }
 132
 133 static int open_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv);
 134
 135 static const cmdinfo_t open_cmd = {
 136     .name       = "open",
 137     .altname    = "o",
 138     .cfunc      = open_f,
 139     .argmin     = 1,
 140     .argmax     = -1,
 141     .flags      = CMD_NOFILE_OK,
 142     .args       = "[-rsnkU] [-t cache] [-d discard] [-o options] [path]",
 143     .oneline    = "open the file specified by path",
 144     .help       = open_help,
 145 };
 146
 147 static QemuOptsList empty_opts = {
 148     .name = "drive",
 149     .merge_lists = true,
 150     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(empty_opts.head),
 151     .desc = {
 152         /* no elements => accept any params */
 153         { /* end of list */ }
 154     },
 155 };
 156
 157 static int open_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
 158 {
 159     int flags = BDRV_O_UNMAP;
 160     int readonly = 0;
 161     bool writethrough = true;
 162     int c;
 163     QemuOpts *qopts;
 164     QDict *opts;
 165     bool force_share = false;
 166
 167     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "snro:kt:d:U")) != -1) {
 168         switch (c) {
 169         case 's':
 170             flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
 171             break;
 172         case 'n':
 173             flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE;
 174             writethrough = false;
 175             break;
 176         case 'r':
 177             readonly = 1;
 178             break;
 179         case 'k':
 180             flags |= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO;
 181             break;
 182         case 't':
 183             if (bdrv_parse_cache_mode(optarg, &flags, &writethrough) < 0) {
 184                 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", optarg);
 185                 qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 186                 return 0;
 187             }
 188             break;
 189         case 'd':
 190             if (bdrv_parse_discard_flags(optarg, &flags) < 0) {
 191                 error_report("Invalid discard option: %s", optarg);
 192                 qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 193                 return 0;
 194             }
 195             break;
 196         case 'o':
 197             if (imageOpts) {
 198                 printf("--image-opts and 'open -o' are mutually exclusive\n");
 199                 qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 200                 return 0;
 201             }
 202             if (!qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&empty_opts, optarg, false)) {
 203                 qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 204                 return 0;
 205             }
 206             break;
 207         case 'U':
 208             force_share = true;
 209             break;
 210         default:
 211             qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 212             return qemuio_command_usage(&open_cmd);
 213         }
 214     }
 215
 216     if (!readonly) {
 217         flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
 218     }
 219
 220     if (imageOpts && (optind == argc - 1)) {
 221         if (!qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&empty_opts, argv[optind], false)) {
 222             qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 223             return 0;
 224         }
 225         optind++;
 226     }
 227
 228     qopts = qemu_opts_find(&empty_opts, NULL);
 229     opts = qopts ? qemu_opts_to_qdict(qopts, NULL) : NULL;
 230     qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 231
 232     if (optind == argc - 1) {
 233         return openfile(argv[optind], flags, writethrough, force_share, opts);
 234     } else if (optind == argc) {
 235         return openfile(NULL, flags, writethrough, force_share, opts);
 236     } else {
 237         QDECREF(opts);
 238         return qemuio_command_usage(&open_cmd);
 239     }
 240 }
 241
 242 static int quit_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
 243 {
 244     return 1;
 245 }
 246
 247 static const cmdinfo_t quit_cmd = {
 248     .name       = "quit",
 249     .altname    = "q",
 250     .cfunc      = quit_f,
 251     .argmin     = -1,
 252     .argmax     = -1,
 253     .flags      = CMD_FLAG_GLOBAL,
 254     .oneline    = "exit the program",
 255 };
 256
 257 static void usage(const char *name)
 258 {
 259     printf(
 260 "Usage: %s [OPTIONS]... [-c STRING]... [file]\n"
 261 "QEMU Disk exerciser\n"
 262 "\n"
 263 "  --object OBJECTDEF   define an object such as 'secret' for\n"
 264 "                       passwords and/or encryption keys\n"
 265 "  --image-opts         treat file as option string\n"
 266 "  -c, --cmd STRING     execute command with its arguments\n"
 267 "                       from the given string\n"
 268 "  -f, --format FMT     specifies the block driver to use\n"
 269 "  -r, --read-only      export read-only\n"
 270 "  -s, --snapshot       use snapshot file\n"
 271 "  -n, --nocache        disable host cache, short for -t none\n"
 272 "  -m, --misalign       misalign allocations for O_DIRECT\n"
 273 "  -k, --native-aio     use kernel AIO implementation (on Linux only)\n"
 274 "  -t, --cache=MODE     use the given cache mode for the image\n"
 275 "  -d, --discard=MODE   use the given discard mode for the image\n"
 276 "  -T, --trace [[enable=]<pattern>][,events=<file>][,file=<file>]\n"
 277 "                       specify tracing options\n"
 278 "                       see qemu-img(1) man page for full description\n"
 279 "  -U, --force-share    force shared permissions\n"
 280 "  -h, --help           display this help and exit\n"
 281 "  -V, --version        output version information and exit\n"
 282 "\n"
 283 "See '%s -c help' for information on available commands."
 284 "\n",
 285     name, name);
 286 }
 287
 288 static char *get_prompt(void)
 289 {
 290     static char prompt[FILENAME_MAX + 2 /*"> "*/ + 1 /*"\0"*/ ];
 291
 292     if (!prompt[0]) {
 293         snprintf(prompt, sizeof(prompt), "%s> ", progname);
 294     }
 295
 296     return prompt;
 297 }
 298
 299 static void GCC_FMT_ATTR(2, 3) readline_printf_func(void *opaque,
 300                                                     const char *fmt, ...)
 301 {
 302     va_list ap;
 303     va_start(ap, fmt);
 304     vprintf(fmt, ap);
 305     va_end(ap);
 306 }
 307
 308 static void readline_flush_func(void *opaque)
 309 {
 310     fflush(stdout);
 311 }
 312
 313 static void readline_func(void *opaque, const char *str, void *readline_opaque)
 314 {
 315     char **line = readline_opaque;
 316     *line = g_strdup(str);
 317 }
 318
 319 static void completion_match(const char *cmd, void *opaque)
 320 {
 321     readline_add_completion(readline_state, cmd);
 322 }
 323
 324 static void readline_completion_func(void *opaque, const char *str)
 325 {
 326     readline_set_completion_index(readline_state, strlen(str));
 327     qemuio_complete_command(str, completion_match, NULL);
 328 }
 329
 330 static char *fetchline_readline(void)
 331 {
 332     char *line = NULL;
 333
 334     readline_start(readline_state, get_prompt(), 0, readline_func, &line);
 335     while (!line) {
 336         int ch = getchar();
 337         if (ch == EOF) {
 338             break;
 339         }
 340         readline_handle_byte(readline_state, ch);
 341     }
 342     return line;
 343 }
 344
 345 #define MAXREADLINESZ 1024
 346 static char *fetchline_fgets(void)
 347 {
 348     char *p, *line = g_malloc(MAXREADLINESZ);
 349
 350     if (!fgets(line, MAXREADLINESZ, stdin)) {
 351         g_free(line);
 352         return NULL;
 353     }
 354
 355     p = line + strlen(line);
 356     if (p != line && p[-1] == '\n') {
 357         p[-1] = '\0';
 358     }
 359
 360     return line;
 361 }
 362
 363 static char *fetchline(void)
 364 {
 365     if (readline_state) {
 366         return fetchline_readline();
 367     } else {
 368         return fetchline_fgets();
 369     }
 370 }
 371
 372 static void prep_fetchline(void *opaque)
 373 {
 374     int *fetchable = opaque;
 375
 376     qemu_set_fd_handler(STDIN_FILENO, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 377     *fetchable= 1;
 378 }
 379
 380 static void command_loop(void)
 381 {
 382     int i, done = 0, fetchable = 0, prompted = 0;
 383     char *input;
 384
 385     for (i = 0; !done && i < ncmdline; i++) {
 386         done = qemuio_command(qemuio_blk, cmdline[i]);
 387     }
 388     if (cmdline) {
 389         g_free(cmdline);
 390         return;
 391     }
 392
 393     while (!done) {
 394         if (!prompted) {
 395             printf("%s", get_prompt());
 396             fflush(stdout);
 397             qemu_set_fd_handler(STDIN_FILENO, prep_fetchline, NULL, &fetchable);
 398             prompted = 1;
 399         }
 400
 401         main_loop_wait(false);
 402
 403         if (!fetchable) {
 404             continue;
 405         }
 406
 407         input = fetchline();
 408         if (input == NULL) {
 409             break;
 410         }
 411         done = qemuio_command(qemuio_blk, input);
 412         g_free(input);
 413
 414         prompted = 0;
 415         fetchable = 0;
 416     }
 417     qemu_set_fd_handler(STDIN_FILENO, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 418 }
 419
 420 static void add_user_command(char *optarg)
 421 {
 422     cmdline = g_renew(char *, cmdline, ++ncmdline);
 423     cmdline[ncmdline-1] = optarg;
 424 }
 425
 426 static void reenable_tty_echo(void)
 427 {
 428     qemu_set_tty_echo(STDIN_FILENO, true);
 429 }
 430
 431 enum {
 432     OPTION_OBJECT = 256,
 433     OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS = 257,
 434 };
 435
 436 static QemuOptsList qemu_object_opts = {
 437     .name = "object",
 438     .implied_opt_name = "qom-type",
 439     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_object_opts.head),
 440     .desc = {
 441         { }
 442     },
 443 };
 444
 445
 446 static QemuOptsList file_opts = {
 447     .name = "file",
 448     .implied_opt_name = "file",
 449     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(file_opts.head),
 450     .desc = {
 451         /* no elements => accept any params */
 452         { /* end of list */ }
 453     },
 454 };
 455
 456 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 457 {
 458     int readonly = 0;
 459     const char *sopt = "hVc:d:f:rsnmkt:T:U";
 460     const struct option lopt[] = {
 461         { "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
 462         { "version", no_argument, NULL, 'V' },
 463         { "cmd", required_argument, NULL, 'c' },
 464         { "format", required_argument, NULL, 'f' },
 465         { "read-only", no_argument, NULL, 'r' },
 466         { "snapshot", no_argument, NULL, 's' },
 467         { "nocache", no_argument, NULL, 'n' },
 468         { "misalign", no_argument, NULL, 'm' },
 469         { "native-aio", no_argument, NULL, 'k' },
 470         { "discard", required_argument, NULL, 'd' },
 471         { "cache", required_argument, NULL, 't' },
 472         { "trace", required_argument, NULL, 'T' },
 473         { "object", required_argument, NULL, OPTION_OBJECT },
 474         { "image-opts", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS },
 475         { "force-share", no_argument, 0, 'U'},
 476         { NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
 477     };
 478     int c;
 479     int opt_index = 0;
 480     int flags = BDRV_O_UNMAP;
 481     bool writethrough = true;
 482     Error *local_error = NULL;
 483     QDict *opts = NULL;
 484     const char *format = NULL;
 485     char *trace_file = NULL;
 486     bool force_share = false;
 487
 488 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX
 489     signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
 490 #endif
 491
 492     module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_TRACE);
 493     progname = basename(argv[0]);
 494     qemu_init_exec_dir(argv[0]);
 495
 496     qcrypto_init(&error_fatal);
 497
 498     module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_QOM);
 499     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_object_opts);
 500     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_trace_opts);
 501     bdrv_init();
 502
 503     while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, sopt, lopt, &opt_index)) != -1) {
 504         switch (c) {
 505         case 's':
 506             flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
 507             break;
 508         case 'n':
 509             flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE;
 510             writethrough = false;
 511             break;
 512         case 'd':
 513             if (bdrv_parse_discard_flags(optarg, &flags) < 0) {
 514                 error_report("Invalid discard option: %s", optarg);
 515                 exit(1);
 516             }
 517             break;
 518         case 'f':
 519             format = optarg;
 520             break;
 521         case 'c':
 522             add_user_command(optarg);
 523             break;
 524         case 'r':
 525             readonly = 1;
 526             break;
 527         case 'm':
 528             qemuio_misalign = true;
 529             break;
 530         case 'k':
 531             flags |= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO;
 532             break;
 533         case 't':
 534             if (bdrv_parse_cache_mode(optarg, &flags, &writethrough) < 0) {
 535                 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", optarg);
 536                 exit(1);
 537             }
 538             break;
 539         case 'T':
 540             g_free(trace_file);
 541             trace_file = trace_opt_parse(optarg);
 542             break;
 543         case 'V':
 544             printf("%s version %s\n", progname, QEMU_VERSION);
 545             exit(0);
 546         case 'h':
 547             usage(progname);
 548             exit(0);
 549         case 'U':
 550             force_share = true;
 551             break;
 552         case OPTION_OBJECT: {
 553             QemuOpts *qopts;
 554             qopts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
 555                                             optarg, true);
 556             if (!qopts) {
 557                 exit(1);
 558             }
 559         }   break;
 560         case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
 561             imageOpts = true;
 562             break;
 563         default:
 564             usage(progname);
 565             exit(1);
 566         }
 567     }
 568
 569     if ((argc - optind) > 1) {
 570         usage(progname);
 571         exit(1);
 572     }
 573
 574     if (format && imageOpts) {
 575         error_report("--image-opts and -f are mutually exclusive");
 576         exit(1);
 577     }
 578
 579     if (qemu_init_main_loop(&local_error)) {
 580         error_report_err(local_error);
 581         exit(1);
 582     }
 583
 584     if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
 585                           user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
 586                           NULL, NULL)) {
 587         exit(1);
 588     }
 589
 590     if (!trace_init_backends()) {
 591         exit(1);
 592     }
 593     trace_init_file(trace_file);
 594     qemu_set_log(LOG_TRACE);
 595
 596     /* initialize commands */
 597     qemuio_add_command(&quit_cmd);
 598     qemuio_add_command(&open_cmd);
 599     qemuio_add_command(&close_cmd);
 600
 601     if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO)) {
 602         readline_state = readline_init(readline_printf_func,
 603                                        readline_flush_func,
 604                                        NULL,
 605                                        readline_completion_func);
 606         qemu_set_tty_echo(STDIN_FILENO, false);
 607         atexit(reenable_tty_echo);
 608     }
 609
 610     /* open the device */
 611     if (!readonly) {
 612         flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
 613     }
 614
 615     if ((argc - optind) == 1) {
 616         if (imageOpts) {
 617             QemuOpts *qopts = NULL;
 618             qopts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&file_opts, argv[optind], false);
 619             if (!qopts) {
 620                 exit(1);
 621             }
 622             opts = qemu_opts_to_qdict(qopts, NULL);
 623             if (openfile(NULL, flags, writethrough, force_share, opts)) {
 624                 exit(1);
 625             }
 626         } else {
 627             if (format) {
 628                 opts = qdict_new();
 629                 qdict_put_str(opts, "driver", format);
 630             }
 631             if (openfile(argv[optind], flags, writethrough,
 632                          force_share, opts)) {
 633                 exit(1);
 634             }
 635         }
 636     }
 637     command_loop();
 638
 639     /*
 640      * Make sure all outstanding requests complete before the program exits.
 641      */
 642     bdrv_drain_all();
 643
 644     blk_unref(qemuio_blk);
 645     g_free(readline_state);
 646     return 0;
 647 }