qemu-io.c

   1 /*
   2  * Command line utility to exercise the QEMU I/O path.
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 2009 Red Hat, Inc.
   5  * Copyright (c) 2003-2005 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
   6  *
   7  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
   8  * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
   9  */
  10 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
  11 #include <getopt.h>
  12 #include <libgen.h>
  13
  14 #include "qapi/error.h"
  15 #include "qemu-io.h"
  16 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
  17 #include "qemu/main-loop.h"
  18 #include "qemu/option.h"
  19 #include "qemu/config-file.h"
  20 #include "qemu/readline.h"
  21 #include "qapi/qmp/qstring.h"
  22 #include "qom/object_interfaces.h"
  23 #include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
  24 #include "block/block_int.h"
  25 #include "trace/control.h"
  26
  27 #define CMD_NOFILE_OK   0x01
  28
  29 static char *progname;
  30
  31 static BlockBackend *qemuio_blk;
  32
  33 /* qemu-io commands passed using -c */
  34 static int ncmdline;
  35 static char **cmdline;
  36 static bool imageOpts;
  37
  38 static ReadLineState *readline_state;
  39
  40 static int close_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
  41 {
  42     blk_unref(qemuio_blk);
  43     qemuio_blk = NULL;
  44     return 0;
  45 }
  46
  47 static const cmdinfo_t close_cmd = {
  48     .name       = "close",
  49     .altname    = "c",
  50     .cfunc      = close_f,
  51     .oneline    = "close the current open file",
  52 };
  53
  54 static int openfile(char *name, int flags, bool writethrough, QDict *opts)
  55 {
  56     Error *local_err = NULL;
  57     BlockDriverState *bs;
  58
  59     if (qemuio_blk) {
  60         error_report("file open already, try 'help close'");
  61         QDECREF(opts);
  62         return 1;
  63     }
  64
  65     qemuio_blk = blk_new_open(name, NULL, opts, flags, &local_err);
  66     if (!qemuio_blk) {
  67         error_reportf_err(local_err, "can't open%s%s: ",
  68                           name ? " device " : "", name ?: "");
  69         return 1;
  70     }
  71
  72     bs = blk_bs(qemuio_blk);
  73     if (bdrv_is_encrypted(bs) && bdrv_key_required(bs)) {
  74         char password[256];
  75         printf("Disk image '%s' is encrypted.\n", name);
  76         if (qemu_read_password(password, sizeof(password)) < 0) {
  77             error_report("No password given");
  78             goto error;
  79         }
  80         if (bdrv_set_key(bs, password) < 0) {
  81             error_report("invalid password");
  82             goto error;
  83         }
  84     }
  85
  86     blk_set_enable_write_cache(qemuio_blk, !writethrough);
  87
  88     return 0;
  89
  90  error:
  91     blk_unref(qemuio_blk);
  92     qemuio_blk = NULL;
  93     return 1;
  94 }
  95
  96 static void open_help(void)
  97 {
  98     printf(
  99 "\n"
 100 " opens a new file in the requested mode\n"
 101 "\n"
 102 " Example:\n"
 103 " 'open -Cn /tmp/data' - creates/opens data file read-write and uncached\n"
 104 "\n"
 105 " Opens a file for subsequent use by all of the other qemu-io commands.\n"
 106 " -r, -- open file read-only\n"
 107 " -s, -- use snapshot file\n"
 108 " -n, -- disable host cache\n"
 109 " -o, -- options to be given to the block driver"
 110 "\n");
 111 }
 112
 113 static int open_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv);
 114
 115 static const cmdinfo_t open_cmd = {
 116     .name       = "open",
 117     .altname    = "o",
 118     .cfunc      = open_f,
 119     .argmin     = 1,
 120     .argmax     = -1,
 121     .flags      = CMD_NOFILE_OK,
 122     .args       = "[-Crsn] [-o options] [path]",
 123     .oneline    = "open the file specified by path",
 124     .help       = open_help,
 125 };
 126
 127 static QemuOptsList empty_opts = {
 128     .name = "drive",
 129     .merge_lists = true,
 130     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(empty_opts.head),
 131     .desc = {
 132         /* no elements => accept any params */
 133         { /* end of list */ }
 134     },
 135 };
 136
 137 static int open_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
 138 {
 139     int flags = 0;
 140     int readonly = 0;
 141     bool writethrough = true;
 142     int c;
 143     QemuOpts *qopts;
 144     QDict *opts;
 145
 146     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "snrgo:")) != -1) {
 147         switch (c) {
 148         case 's':
 149             flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
 150             break;
 151         case 'n':
 152             flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE;
 153             writethrough = false;
 154             break;
 155         case 'r':
 156             readonly = 1;
 157             break;
 158         case 'o':
 159             if (imageOpts) {
 160                 printf("--image-opts and 'open -o' are mutually exclusive\n");
 161                 return 0;
 162             }
 163             if (!qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&empty_opts, optarg, false)) {
 164                 qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 165                 return 0;
 166             }
 167             break;
 168         default:
 169             qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 170             return qemuio_command_usage(&open_cmd);
 171         }
 172     }
 173
 174     if (!readonly) {
 175         flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
 176     }
 177
 178     if (imageOpts && (optind == argc - 1)) {
 179         if (!qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&empty_opts, argv[optind], false)) {
 180             qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 181             return 0;
 182         }
 183         optind++;
 184     }
 185
 186     qopts = qemu_opts_find(&empty_opts, NULL);
 187     opts = qopts ? qemu_opts_to_qdict(qopts, NULL) : NULL;
 188     qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
 189
 190     if (optind == argc - 1) {
 191         return openfile(argv[optind], flags, writethrough, opts);
 192     } else if (optind == argc) {
 193         return openfile(NULL, flags, writethrough, opts);
 194     } else {
 195         QDECREF(opts);
 196         return qemuio_command_usage(&open_cmd);
 197     }
 198 }
 199
 200 static int quit_f(BlockBackend *blk, int argc, char **argv)
 201 {
 202     return 1;
 203 }
 204
 205 static const cmdinfo_t quit_cmd = {
 206     .name       = "quit",
 207     .altname    = "q",
 208     .cfunc      = quit_f,
 209     .argmin     = -1,
 210     .argmax     = -1,
 211     .flags      = CMD_FLAG_GLOBAL,
 212     .oneline    = "exit the program",
 213 };
 214
 215 static void usage(const char *name)
 216 {
 217     printf(
 218 "Usage: %s [-h] [-V] [-rsnm] [-f FMT] [-c STRING] ... [file]\n"
 219 "QEMU Disk exerciser\n"
 220 "\n"
 221 "  --object OBJECTDEF   define an object such as 'secret' for\n"
 222 "                       passwords and/or encryption keys\n"
 223 "  -c, --cmd STRING     execute command with its arguments\n"
 224 "                       from the given string\n"
 225 "  -f, --format FMT     specifies the block driver to use\n"
 226 "  -r, --read-only      export read-only\n"
 227 "  -s, --snapshot       use snapshot file\n"
 228 "  -n, --nocache        disable host cache\n"
 229 "  -m, --misalign       misalign allocations for O_DIRECT\n"
 230 "  -k, --native-aio     use kernel AIO implementation (on Linux only)\n"
 231 "  -t, --cache=MODE     use the given cache mode for the image\n"
 232 "  -T, --trace FILE     enable trace events listed in the given file\n"
 233 "  -h, --help           display this help and exit\n"
 234 "  -V, --version        output version information and exit\n"
 235 "\n"
 236 "See '%s -c help' for information on available commands."
 237 "\n",
 238     name, name);
 239 }
 240
 241 static char *get_prompt(void)
 242 {
 243     static char prompt[FILENAME_MAX + 2 /*"> "*/ + 1 /*"\0"*/ ];
 244
 245     if (!prompt[0]) {
 246         snprintf(prompt, sizeof(prompt), "%s> ", progname);
 247     }
 248
 249     return prompt;
 250 }
 251
 252 static void GCC_FMT_ATTR(2, 3) readline_printf_func(void *opaque,
 253                                                     const char *fmt, ...)
 254 {
 255     va_list ap;
 256     va_start(ap, fmt);
 257     vprintf(fmt, ap);
 258     va_end(ap);
 259 }
 260
 261 static void readline_flush_func(void *opaque)
 262 {
 263     fflush(stdout);
 264 }
 265
 266 static void readline_func(void *opaque, const char *str, void *readline_opaque)
 267 {
 268     char **line = readline_opaque;
 269     *line = g_strdup(str);
 270 }
 271
 272 static void completion_match(const char *cmd, void *opaque)
 273 {
 274     readline_add_completion(readline_state, cmd);
 275 }
 276
 277 static void readline_completion_func(void *opaque, const char *str)
 278 {
 279     readline_set_completion_index(readline_state, strlen(str));
 280     qemuio_complete_command(str, completion_match, NULL);
 281 }
 282
 283 static char *fetchline_readline(void)
 284 {
 285     char *line = NULL;
 286
 287     readline_start(readline_state, get_prompt(), 0, readline_func, &line);
 288     while (!line) {
 289         int ch = getchar();
 290         if (ch == EOF) {
 291             break;
 292         }
 293         readline_handle_byte(readline_state, ch);
 294     }
 295     return line;
 296 }
 297
 298 #define MAXREADLINESZ 1024
 299 static char *fetchline_fgets(void)
 300 {
 301     char *p, *line = g_malloc(MAXREADLINESZ);
 302
 303     if (!fgets(line, MAXREADLINESZ, stdin)) {
 304         g_free(line);
 305         return NULL;
 306     }
 307
 308     p = line + strlen(line);
 309     if (p != line && p[-1] == '\n') {
 310         p[-1] = '\0';
 311     }
 312
 313     return line;
 314 }
 315
 316 static char *fetchline(void)
 317 {
 318     if (readline_state) {
 319         return fetchline_readline();
 320     } else {
 321         return fetchline_fgets();
 322     }
 323 }
 324
 325 static void prep_fetchline(void *opaque)
 326 {
 327     int *fetchable = opaque;
 328
 329     qemu_set_fd_handler(STDIN_FILENO, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 330     *fetchable= 1;
 331 }
 332
 333 static void command_loop(void)
 334 {
 335     int i, done = 0, fetchable = 0, prompted = 0;
 336     char *input;
 337
 338     for (i = 0; !done && i < ncmdline; i++) {
 339         done = qemuio_command(qemuio_blk, cmdline[i]);
 340     }
 341     if (cmdline) {
 342         g_free(cmdline);
 343         return;
 344     }
 345
 346     while (!done) {
 347         if (!prompted) {
 348             printf("%s", get_prompt());
 349             fflush(stdout);
 350             qemu_set_fd_handler(STDIN_FILENO, prep_fetchline, NULL, &fetchable);
 351             prompted = 1;
 352         }
 353
 354         main_loop_wait(false);
 355
 356         if (!fetchable) {
 357             continue;
 358         }
 359
 360         input = fetchline();
 361         if (input == NULL) {
 362             break;
 363         }
 364         done = qemuio_command(qemuio_blk, input);
 365         g_free(input);
 366
 367         prompted = 0;
 368         fetchable = 0;
 369     }
 370     qemu_set_fd_handler(STDIN_FILENO, NULL, NULL, NULL);
 371 }
 372
 373 static void add_user_command(char *optarg)
 374 {
 375     cmdline = g_renew(char *, cmdline, ++ncmdline);
 376     cmdline[ncmdline-1] = optarg;
 377 }
 378
 379 static void reenable_tty_echo(void)
 380 {
 381     qemu_set_tty_echo(STDIN_FILENO, true);
 382 }
 383
 384 enum {
 385     OPTION_OBJECT = 256,
 386     OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS = 257,
 387 };
 388
 389 static QemuOptsList qemu_object_opts = {
 390     .name = "object",
 391     .implied_opt_name = "qom-type",
 392     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_object_opts.head),
 393     .desc = {
 394         { }
 395     },
 396 };
 397
 398
 399 static QemuOptsList file_opts = {
 400     .name = "file",
 401     .implied_opt_name = "file",
 402     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(file_opts.head),
 403     .desc = {
 404         /* no elements => accept any params */
 405         { /* end of list */ }
 406     },
 407 };
 408
 409 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 410 {
 411     int readonly = 0;
 412     const char *sopt = "hVc:d:f:rsnmgkt:T:";
 413     const struct option lopt[] = {
 414         { "help", no_argument, NULL, 'h' },
 415         { "version", no_argument, NULL, 'V' },
 416         { "offset", required_argument, NULL, 'o' },
 417         { "cmd", required_argument, NULL, 'c' },
 418         { "format", required_argument, NULL, 'f' },
 419         { "read-only", no_argument, NULL, 'r' },
 420         { "snapshot", no_argument, NULL, 's' },
 421         { "nocache", no_argument, NULL, 'n' },
 422         { "misalign", no_argument, NULL, 'm' },
 423         { "native-aio", no_argument, NULL, 'k' },
 424         { "discard", required_argument, NULL, 'd' },
 425         { "cache", required_argument, NULL, 't' },
 426         { "trace", required_argument, NULL, 'T' },
 427         { "object", required_argument, NULL, OPTION_OBJECT },
 428         { "image-opts", no_argument, NULL, OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS },
 429         { NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
 430     };
 431     int c;
 432     int opt_index = 0;
 433     int flags = BDRV_O_UNMAP;
 434     bool writethrough = true;
 435     Error *local_error = NULL;
 436     QDict *opts = NULL;
 437     const char *format = NULL;
 438
 439 #ifdef CONFIG_POSIX
 440     signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
 441 #endif
 442
 443     progname = basename(argv[0]);
 444     qemu_init_exec_dir(argv[0]);
 445
 446     module_call_init(MODULE_INIT_QOM);
 447     qemu_add_opts(&qemu_object_opts);
 448     bdrv_init();
 449
 450     while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, sopt, lopt, &opt_index)) != -1) {
 451         switch (c) {
 452         case 's':
 453             flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
 454             break;
 455         case 'n':
 456             flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE;
 457             writethrough = false;
 458             break;
 459         case 'd':
 460             if (bdrv_parse_discard_flags(optarg, &flags) < 0) {
 461                 error_report("Invalid discard option: %s", optarg);
 462                 exit(1);
 463             }
 464             break;
 465         case 'f':
 466             format = optarg;
 467             break;
 468         case 'c':
 469             add_user_command(optarg);
 470             break;
 471         case 'r':
 472             readonly = 1;
 473             break;
 474         case 'm':
 475             qemuio_misalign = true;
 476             break;
 477         case 'k':
 478             flags |= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO;
 479             break;
 480         case 't':
 481             if (bdrv_parse_cache_mode(optarg, &flags, &writethrough) < 0) {
 482                 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", optarg);
 483                 exit(1);
 484             }
 485             break;
 486         case 'T':
 487             if (!trace_init_backends()) {
 488                 exit(1); /* error message will have been printed */
 489             }
 490             break;
 491         case 'V':
 492             printf("%s version %s\n", progname, QEMU_VERSION);
 493             exit(0);
 494         case 'h':
 495             usage(progname);
 496             exit(0);
 497         case OPTION_OBJECT: {
 498             QemuOpts *qopts;
 499             qopts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&qemu_object_opts,
 500                                             optarg, true);
 501             if (!qopts) {
 502                 exit(1);
 503             }
 504         }   break;
 505         case OPTION_IMAGE_OPTS:
 506             imageOpts = true;
 507             break;
 508         default:
 509             usage(progname);
 510             exit(1);
 511         }
 512     }
 513
 514     if ((argc - optind) > 1) {
 515         usage(progname);
 516         exit(1);
 517     }
 518
 519     if (format && imageOpts) {
 520         error_report("--image-opts and -f are mutually exclusive");
 521         exit(1);
 522     }
 523
 524     if (qemu_init_main_loop(&local_error)) {
 525         error_report_err(local_error);
 526         exit(1);
 527     }
 528
 529     if (qemu_opts_foreach(&qemu_object_opts,
 530                           user_creatable_add_opts_foreach,
 531                           NULL, &local_error)) {
 532         error_report_err(local_error);
 533         exit(1);
 534     }
 535
 536     /* initialize commands */
 537     qemuio_add_command(&quit_cmd);
 538     qemuio_add_command(&open_cmd);
 539     qemuio_add_command(&close_cmd);
 540
 541     if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO)) {
 542         readline_state = readline_init(readline_printf_func,
 543                                        readline_flush_func,
 544                                        NULL,
 545                                        readline_completion_func);
 546         qemu_set_tty_echo(STDIN_FILENO, false);
 547         atexit(reenable_tty_echo);
 548     }
 549
 550     /* open the device */
 551     if (!readonly) {
 552         flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
 553     }
 554
 555     if ((argc - optind) == 1) {
 556         if (imageOpts) {
 557             QemuOpts *qopts = NULL;
 558             qopts = qemu_opts_parse_noisily(&file_opts, argv[optind], false);
 559             if (!qopts) {
 560                 exit(1);
 561             }
 562             opts = qemu_opts_to_qdict(qopts, NULL);
 563             openfile(NULL, flags, writethrough, opts);
 564         } else {
 565             if (format) {
 566                 opts = qdict_new();
 567                 qdict_put(opts, "driver", qstring_from_str(format));
 568             }
 569             openfile(argv[optind], flags, writethrough, opts);
 570         }
 571     }
 572     command_loop();
 573
 574     /*
 575      * Make sure all outstanding requests complete before the program exits.
 576      */
 577     bdrv_drain_all();
 578
 579     blk_unref(qemuio_blk);
 580     g_free(readline_state);
 581     return 0;
 582 }