net: simplify net_client_init1()
[qemu.git] / linux-user / mmap.c
blob78e1b2df433b97e12bf3a1c0f45a5ac2b233d975
1 /*
2 * mmap support for qemu
4 * Copyright (c) 2003 Fabrice Bellard
6 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
9 * (at your option) any later version.
11 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
14 * GNU General Public License for more details.
16 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17 * along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
19 #include <stdlib.h>
20 #include <stdio.h>
21 #include <stdarg.h>
22 #include <string.h>
23 #include <unistd.h>
24 #include <errno.h>
25 #include <sys/types.h>
26 #include <sys/stat.h>
27 #include <sys/mman.h>
28 #include <linux/mman.h>
29 #include <linux/unistd.h>
31 #include "qemu.h"
32 #include "qemu-common.h"
33 #include "translate-all.h"
35 //#define DEBUG_MMAP
37 static pthread_mutex_t mmap_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
38 static __thread int mmap_lock_count;
40 void mmap_lock(void)
42 if (mmap_lock_count++ == 0) {
43 pthread_mutex_lock(&mmap_mutex);
47 void mmap_unlock(void)
49 if (--mmap_lock_count == 0) {
50 pthread_mutex_unlock(&mmap_mutex);
54 /* Grab lock to make sure things are in a consistent state after fork(). */
55 void mmap_fork_start(void)
57 if (mmap_lock_count)
58 abort();
59 pthread_mutex_lock(&mmap_mutex);
62 void mmap_fork_end(int child)
64 if (child)
65 pthread_mutex_init(&mmap_mutex, NULL);
66 else
67 pthread_mutex_unlock(&mmap_mutex);
70 /* NOTE: all the constants are the HOST ones, but addresses are target. */
71 int target_mprotect(abi_ulong start, abi_ulong len, int prot)
73 abi_ulong end, host_start, host_end, addr;
74 int prot1, ret;
76 #ifdef DEBUG_MMAP
77 printf("mprotect: start=0x" TARGET_ABI_FMT_lx
78 "len=0x" TARGET_ABI_FMT_lx " prot=%c%c%c\n", start, len,
79 prot & PROT_READ ? 'r' : '-',
80 prot & PROT_WRITE ? 'w' : '-',
81 prot & PROT_EXEC ? 'x' : '-');
82 #endif
84 if ((start & ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK) != 0)
85 return -EINVAL;
86 len = TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(len);
87 end = start + len;
88 if (end < start)
89 return -EINVAL;
90 prot &= PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE | PROT_EXEC;
91 if (len == 0)
92 return 0;
94 mmap_lock();
95 host_start = start & qemu_host_page_mask;
96 host_end = HOST_PAGE_ALIGN(end);
97 if (start > host_start) {
98 /* handle host page containing start */
99 prot1 = prot;
100 for(addr = host_start; addr < start; addr += TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) {
101 prot1 |= page_get_flags(addr);
103 if (host_end == host_start + qemu_host_page_size) {
104 for(addr = end; addr < host_end; addr += TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) {
105 prot1 |= page_get_flags(addr);
107 end = host_end;
109 ret = mprotect(g2h(host_start), qemu_host_page_size, prot1 & PAGE_BITS);
110 if (ret != 0)
111 goto error;
112 host_start += qemu_host_page_size;
114 if (end < host_end) {
115 prot1 = prot;
116 for(addr = end; addr < host_end; addr += TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) {
117 prot1 |= page_get_flags(addr);
119 ret = mprotect(g2h(host_end - qemu_host_page_size), qemu_host_page_size,
120 prot1 & PAGE_BITS);
121 if (ret != 0)
122 goto error;
123 host_end -= qemu_host_page_size;
126 /* handle the pages in the middle */
127 if (host_start < host_end) {
128 ret = mprotect(g2h(host_start), host_end - host_start, prot);
129 if (ret != 0)
130 goto error;
132 page_set_flags(start, start + len, prot | PAGE_VALID);
133 mmap_unlock();
134 return 0;
135 error:
136 mmap_unlock();
137 return ret;
140 /* map an incomplete host page */
141 static int mmap_frag(abi_ulong real_start,
142 abi_ulong start, abi_ulong end,
143 int prot, int flags, int fd, abi_ulong offset)
145 abi_ulong real_end, addr;
146 void *host_start;
147 int prot1, prot_new;
149 real_end = real_start + qemu_host_page_size;
150 host_start = g2h(real_start);
152 /* get the protection of the target pages outside the mapping */
153 prot1 = 0;
154 for(addr = real_start; addr < real_end; addr++) {
155 if (addr < start || addr >= end)
156 prot1 |= page_get_flags(addr);
159 if (prot1 == 0) {
160 /* no page was there, so we allocate one */
161 void *p = mmap(host_start, qemu_host_page_size, prot,
162 flags | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
163 if (p == MAP_FAILED)
164 return -1;
165 prot1 = prot;
167 prot1 &= PAGE_BITS;
169 prot_new = prot | prot1;
170 if (!(flags & MAP_ANONYMOUS)) {
171 /* msync() won't work here, so we return an error if write is
172 possible while it is a shared mapping */
173 if ((flags & MAP_TYPE) == MAP_SHARED &&
174 (prot & PROT_WRITE))
175 return -1;
177 /* adjust protection to be able to read */
178 if (!(prot1 & PROT_WRITE))
179 mprotect(host_start, qemu_host_page_size, prot1 | PROT_WRITE);
181 /* read the corresponding file data */
182 if (pread(fd, g2h(start), end - start, offset) == -1)
183 return -1;
185 /* put final protection */
186 if (prot_new != (prot1 | PROT_WRITE))
187 mprotect(host_start, qemu_host_page_size, prot_new);
188 } else {
189 /* just update the protection */
190 if (prot_new != prot1) {
191 mprotect(host_start, qemu_host_page_size, prot_new);
194 return 0;
197 #if HOST_LONG_BITS == 64 && TARGET_ABI_BITS == 64
198 # define TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE (1ul << 38)
199 #elif defined(__CYGWIN__)
200 /* Cygwin doesn't have a whole lot of address space. */
201 # define TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE 0x18000000
202 #else
203 # define TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE 0x40000000
204 #endif
205 abi_ulong mmap_next_start = TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE;
207 unsigned long last_brk;
209 #ifdef CONFIG_USE_GUEST_BASE
210 /* Subroutine of mmap_find_vma, used when we have pre-allocated a chunk
211 of guest address space. */
212 static abi_ulong mmap_find_vma_reserved(abi_ulong start, abi_ulong size)
214 abi_ulong addr;
215 abi_ulong end_addr;
216 int prot;
217 int looped = 0;
219 if (size > RESERVED_VA) {
220 return (abi_ulong)-1;
223 size = HOST_PAGE_ALIGN(size);
224 end_addr = start + size;
225 if (end_addr > RESERVED_VA) {
226 end_addr = RESERVED_VA;
228 addr = end_addr - qemu_host_page_size;
230 while (1) {
231 if (addr > end_addr) {
232 if (looped) {
233 return (abi_ulong)-1;
235 end_addr = RESERVED_VA;
236 addr = end_addr - qemu_host_page_size;
237 looped = 1;
238 continue;
240 prot = page_get_flags(addr);
241 if (prot) {
242 end_addr = addr;
244 if (addr + size == end_addr) {
245 break;
247 addr -= qemu_host_page_size;
250 if (start == mmap_next_start) {
251 mmap_next_start = addr;
254 return addr;
256 #endif
259 * Find and reserve a free memory area of size 'size'. The search
260 * starts at 'start'.
261 * It must be called with mmap_lock() held.
262 * Return -1 if error.
264 abi_ulong mmap_find_vma(abi_ulong start, abi_ulong size)
266 void *ptr, *prev;
267 abi_ulong addr;
268 int wrapped, repeat;
270 /* If 'start' == 0, then a default start address is used. */
271 if (start == 0) {
272 start = mmap_next_start;
273 } else {
274 start &= qemu_host_page_mask;
277 size = HOST_PAGE_ALIGN(size);
279 #ifdef CONFIG_USE_GUEST_BASE
280 if (RESERVED_VA) {
281 return mmap_find_vma_reserved(start, size);
283 #endif
285 addr = start;
286 wrapped = repeat = 0;
287 prev = 0;
289 for (;; prev = ptr) {
291 * Reserve needed memory area to avoid a race.
292 * It should be discarded using:
293 * - mmap() with MAP_FIXED flag
294 * - mremap() with MREMAP_FIXED flag
295 * - shmat() with SHM_REMAP flag
297 ptr = mmap(g2h(addr), size, PROT_NONE,
298 MAP_ANONYMOUS|MAP_PRIVATE|MAP_NORESERVE, -1, 0);
300 /* ENOMEM, if host address space has no memory */
301 if (ptr == MAP_FAILED) {
302 return (abi_ulong)-1;
305 /* Count the number of sequential returns of the same address.
306 This is used to modify the search algorithm below. */
307 repeat = (ptr == prev ? repeat + 1 : 0);
309 if (h2g_valid(ptr + size - 1)) {
310 addr = h2g(ptr);
312 if ((addr & ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK) == 0) {
313 /* Success. */
314 if (start == mmap_next_start && addr >= TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE) {
315 mmap_next_start = addr + size;
317 return addr;
320 /* The address is not properly aligned for the target. */
321 switch (repeat) {
322 case 0:
323 /* Assume the result that the kernel gave us is the
324 first with enough free space, so start again at the
325 next higher target page. */
326 addr = TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(addr);
327 break;
328 case 1:
329 /* Sometimes the kernel decides to perform the allocation
330 at the top end of memory instead. */
331 addr &= TARGET_PAGE_MASK;
332 break;
333 case 2:
334 /* Start over at low memory. */
335 addr = 0;
336 break;
337 default:
338 /* Fail. This unaligned block must the last. */
339 addr = -1;
340 break;
342 } else {
343 /* Since the result the kernel gave didn't fit, start
344 again at low memory. If any repetition, fail. */
345 addr = (repeat ? -1 : 0);
348 /* Unmap and try again. */
349 munmap(ptr, size);
351 /* ENOMEM if we checked the whole of the target address space. */
352 if (addr == (abi_ulong)-1) {
353 return (abi_ulong)-1;
354 } else if (addr == 0) {
355 if (wrapped) {
356 return (abi_ulong)-1;
358 wrapped = 1;
359 /* Don't actually use 0 when wrapping, instead indicate
360 that we'd truly like an allocation in low memory. */
361 addr = (mmap_min_addr > TARGET_PAGE_SIZE
362 ? TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(mmap_min_addr)
363 : TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
364 } else if (wrapped && addr >= start) {
365 return (abi_ulong)-1;
370 /* NOTE: all the constants are the HOST ones */
371 abi_long target_mmap(abi_ulong start, abi_ulong len, int prot,
372 int flags, int fd, abi_ulong offset)
374 abi_ulong ret, end, real_start, real_end, retaddr, host_offset, host_len;
376 mmap_lock();
377 #ifdef DEBUG_MMAP
379 printf("mmap: start=0x" TARGET_ABI_FMT_lx
380 " len=0x" TARGET_ABI_FMT_lx " prot=%c%c%c flags=",
381 start, len,
382 prot & PROT_READ ? 'r' : '-',
383 prot & PROT_WRITE ? 'w' : '-',
384 prot & PROT_EXEC ? 'x' : '-');
385 if (flags & MAP_FIXED)
386 printf("MAP_FIXED ");
387 if (flags & MAP_ANONYMOUS)
388 printf("MAP_ANON ");
389 switch(flags & MAP_TYPE) {
390 case MAP_PRIVATE:
391 printf("MAP_PRIVATE ");
392 break;
393 case MAP_SHARED:
394 printf("MAP_SHARED ");
395 break;
396 default:
397 printf("[MAP_TYPE=0x%x] ", flags & MAP_TYPE);
398 break;
400 printf("fd=%d offset=" TARGET_ABI_FMT_lx "\n", fd, offset);
402 #endif
404 if (offset & ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK) {
405 errno = EINVAL;
406 goto fail;
409 len = TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(len);
410 if (len == 0)
411 goto the_end;
412 real_start = start & qemu_host_page_mask;
413 host_offset = offset & qemu_host_page_mask;
415 /* If the user is asking for the kernel to find a location, do that
416 before we truncate the length for mapping files below. */
417 if (!(flags & MAP_FIXED)) {
418 host_len = len + offset - host_offset;
419 host_len = HOST_PAGE_ALIGN(host_len);
420 start = mmap_find_vma(real_start, host_len);
421 if (start == (abi_ulong)-1) {
422 errno = ENOMEM;
423 goto fail;
427 /* When mapping files into a memory area larger than the file, accesses
428 to pages beyond the file size will cause a SIGBUS.
430 For example, if mmaping a file of 100 bytes on a host with 4K pages
431 emulating a target with 8K pages, the target expects to be able to
432 access the first 8K. But the host will trap us on any access beyond
433 4K.
435 When emulating a target with a larger page-size than the hosts, we
436 may need to truncate file maps at EOF and add extra anonymous pages
437 up to the targets page boundary. */
439 if ((qemu_real_host_page_size < TARGET_PAGE_SIZE)
440 && !(flags & MAP_ANONYMOUS)) {
441 struct stat sb;
443 if (fstat (fd, &sb) == -1)
444 goto fail;
446 /* Are we trying to create a map beyond EOF?. */
447 if (offset + len > sb.st_size) {
448 /* If so, truncate the file map at eof aligned with
449 the hosts real pagesize. Additional anonymous maps
450 will be created beyond EOF. */
451 len = (sb.st_size - offset);
452 len += qemu_real_host_page_size - 1;
453 len &= ~(qemu_real_host_page_size - 1);
457 if (!(flags & MAP_FIXED)) {
458 unsigned long host_start;
459 void *p;
461 host_len = len + offset - host_offset;
462 host_len = HOST_PAGE_ALIGN(host_len);
464 /* Note: we prefer to control the mapping address. It is
465 especially important if qemu_host_page_size >
466 qemu_real_host_page_size */
467 p = mmap(g2h(start), host_len, prot,
468 flags | MAP_FIXED | MAP_ANONYMOUS, -1, 0);
469 if (p == MAP_FAILED)
470 goto fail;
471 /* update start so that it points to the file position at 'offset' */
472 host_start = (unsigned long)p;
473 if (!(flags & MAP_ANONYMOUS)) {
474 p = mmap(g2h(start), len, prot,
475 flags | MAP_FIXED, fd, host_offset);
476 if (p == MAP_FAILED) {
477 munmap(g2h(start), host_len);
478 goto fail;
480 host_start += offset - host_offset;
482 start = h2g(host_start);
483 } else {
484 if (start & ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK) {
485 errno = EINVAL;
486 goto fail;
488 end = start + len;
489 real_end = HOST_PAGE_ALIGN(end);
492 * Test if requested memory area fits target address space
493 * It can fail only on 64-bit host with 32-bit target.
494 * On any other target/host host mmap() handles this error correctly.
496 if ((unsigned long)start + len - 1 > (abi_ulong) -1) {
497 errno = EINVAL;
498 goto fail;
501 /* worst case: we cannot map the file because the offset is not
502 aligned, so we read it */
503 if (!(flags & MAP_ANONYMOUS) &&
504 (offset & ~qemu_host_page_mask) != (start & ~qemu_host_page_mask)) {
505 /* msync() won't work here, so we return an error if write is
506 possible while it is a shared mapping */
507 if ((flags & MAP_TYPE) == MAP_SHARED &&
508 (prot & PROT_WRITE)) {
509 errno = EINVAL;
510 goto fail;
512 retaddr = target_mmap(start, len, prot | PROT_WRITE,
513 MAP_FIXED | MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS,
514 -1, 0);
515 if (retaddr == -1)
516 goto fail;
517 if (pread(fd, g2h(start), len, offset) == -1)
518 goto fail;
519 if (!(prot & PROT_WRITE)) {
520 ret = target_mprotect(start, len, prot);
521 if (ret != 0) {
522 start = ret;
523 goto the_end;
526 goto the_end;
529 /* handle the start of the mapping */
530 if (start > real_start) {
531 if (real_end == real_start + qemu_host_page_size) {
532 /* one single host page */
533 ret = mmap_frag(real_start, start, end,
534 prot, flags, fd, offset);
535 if (ret == -1)
536 goto fail;
537 goto the_end1;
539 ret = mmap_frag(real_start, start, real_start + qemu_host_page_size,
540 prot, flags, fd, offset);
541 if (ret == -1)
542 goto fail;
543 real_start += qemu_host_page_size;
545 /* handle the end of the mapping */
546 if (end < real_end) {
547 ret = mmap_frag(real_end - qemu_host_page_size,
548 real_end - qemu_host_page_size, real_end,
549 prot, flags, fd,
550 offset + real_end - qemu_host_page_size - start);
551 if (ret == -1)
552 goto fail;
553 real_end -= qemu_host_page_size;
556 /* map the middle (easier) */
557 if (real_start < real_end) {
558 void *p;
559 unsigned long offset1;
560 if (flags & MAP_ANONYMOUS)
561 offset1 = 0;
562 else
563 offset1 = offset + real_start - start;
564 p = mmap(g2h(real_start), real_end - real_start,
565 prot, flags, fd, offset1);
566 if (p == MAP_FAILED)
567 goto fail;
570 the_end1:
571 page_set_flags(start, start + len, prot | PAGE_VALID);
572 the_end:
573 #ifdef DEBUG_MMAP
574 printf("ret=0x" TARGET_ABI_FMT_lx "\n", start);
575 page_dump(stdout);
576 printf("\n");
577 #endif
578 tb_invalidate_phys_range(start, start + len);
579 mmap_unlock();
580 return start;
581 fail:
582 mmap_unlock();
583 return -1;
586 static void mmap_reserve(abi_ulong start, abi_ulong size)
588 abi_ulong real_start;
589 abi_ulong real_end;
590 abi_ulong addr;
591 abi_ulong end;
592 int prot;
594 real_start = start & qemu_host_page_mask;
595 real_end = HOST_PAGE_ALIGN(start + size);
596 end = start + size;
597 if (start > real_start) {
598 /* handle host page containing start */
599 prot = 0;
600 for (addr = real_start; addr < start; addr += TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) {
601 prot |= page_get_flags(addr);
603 if (real_end == real_start + qemu_host_page_size) {
604 for (addr = end; addr < real_end; addr += TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) {
605 prot |= page_get_flags(addr);
607 end = real_end;
609 if (prot != 0)
610 real_start += qemu_host_page_size;
612 if (end < real_end) {
613 prot = 0;
614 for (addr = end; addr < real_end; addr += TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) {
615 prot |= page_get_flags(addr);
617 if (prot != 0)
618 real_end -= qemu_host_page_size;
620 if (real_start != real_end) {
621 mmap(g2h(real_start), real_end - real_start, PROT_NONE,
622 MAP_FIXED | MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_NORESERVE,
623 -1, 0);
627 int target_munmap(abi_ulong start, abi_ulong len)
629 abi_ulong end, real_start, real_end, addr;
630 int prot, ret;
632 #ifdef DEBUG_MMAP
633 printf("munmap: start=0x" TARGET_ABI_FMT_lx " len=0x"
634 TARGET_ABI_FMT_lx "\n",
635 start, len);
636 #endif
637 if (start & ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK)
638 return -EINVAL;
639 len = TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(len);
640 if (len == 0)
641 return -EINVAL;
642 mmap_lock();
643 end = start + len;
644 real_start = start & qemu_host_page_mask;
645 real_end = HOST_PAGE_ALIGN(end);
647 if (start > real_start) {
648 /* handle host page containing start */
649 prot = 0;
650 for(addr = real_start; addr < start; addr += TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) {
651 prot |= page_get_flags(addr);
653 if (real_end == real_start + qemu_host_page_size) {
654 for(addr = end; addr < real_end; addr += TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) {
655 prot |= page_get_flags(addr);
657 end = real_end;
659 if (prot != 0)
660 real_start += qemu_host_page_size;
662 if (end < real_end) {
663 prot = 0;
664 for(addr = end; addr < real_end; addr += TARGET_PAGE_SIZE) {
665 prot |= page_get_flags(addr);
667 if (prot != 0)
668 real_end -= qemu_host_page_size;
671 ret = 0;
672 /* unmap what we can */
673 if (real_start < real_end) {
674 if (RESERVED_VA) {
675 mmap_reserve(real_start, real_end - real_start);
676 } else {
677 ret = munmap(g2h(real_start), real_end - real_start);
681 if (ret == 0) {
682 page_set_flags(start, start + len, 0);
683 tb_invalidate_phys_range(start, start + len);
685 mmap_unlock();
686 return ret;
689 abi_long target_mremap(abi_ulong old_addr, abi_ulong old_size,
690 abi_ulong new_size, unsigned long flags,
691 abi_ulong new_addr)
693 int prot;
694 void *host_addr;
696 mmap_lock();
698 if (flags & MREMAP_FIXED) {
699 host_addr = (void *) syscall(__NR_mremap, g2h(old_addr),
700 old_size, new_size,
701 flags,
702 g2h(new_addr));
704 if (RESERVED_VA && host_addr != MAP_FAILED) {
705 /* If new and old addresses overlap then the above mremap will
706 already have failed with EINVAL. */
707 mmap_reserve(old_addr, old_size);
709 } else if (flags & MREMAP_MAYMOVE) {
710 abi_ulong mmap_start;
712 mmap_start = mmap_find_vma(0, new_size);
714 if (mmap_start == -1) {
715 errno = ENOMEM;
716 host_addr = MAP_FAILED;
717 } else {
718 host_addr = (void *) syscall(__NR_mremap, g2h(old_addr),
719 old_size, new_size,
720 flags | MREMAP_FIXED,
721 g2h(mmap_start));
722 if ( RESERVED_VA ) {
723 mmap_reserve(old_addr, old_size);
726 } else {
727 int prot = 0;
728 if (RESERVED_VA && old_size < new_size) {
729 abi_ulong addr;
730 for (addr = old_addr + old_size;
731 addr < old_addr + new_size;
732 addr++) {
733 prot |= page_get_flags(addr);
736 if (prot == 0) {
737 host_addr = mremap(g2h(old_addr), old_size, new_size, flags);
738 if (host_addr != MAP_FAILED && RESERVED_VA && old_size > new_size) {
739 mmap_reserve(old_addr + old_size, new_size - old_size);
741 } else {
742 errno = ENOMEM;
743 host_addr = MAP_FAILED;
745 /* Check if address fits target address space */
746 if ((unsigned long)host_addr + new_size > (abi_ulong)-1) {
747 /* Revert mremap() changes */
748 host_addr = mremap(g2h(old_addr), new_size, old_size, flags);
749 errno = ENOMEM;
750 host_addr = MAP_FAILED;
754 if (host_addr == MAP_FAILED) {
755 new_addr = -1;
756 } else {
757 new_addr = h2g(host_addr);
758 prot = page_get_flags(old_addr);
759 page_set_flags(old_addr, old_addr + old_size, 0);
760 page_set_flags(new_addr, new_addr + new_size, prot | PAGE_VALID);
762 tb_invalidate_phys_range(new_addr, new_addr + new_size);
763 mmap_unlock();
764 return new_addr;
767 int target_msync(abi_ulong start, abi_ulong len, int flags)
769 abi_ulong end;
771 if (start & ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK)
772 return -EINVAL;
773 len = TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(len);
774 end = start + len;
775 if (end < start)
776 return -EINVAL;
777 if (end == start)
778 return 0;
780 start &= qemu_host_page_mask;
781 return msync(g2h(start), end - start, flags);