3 usage: qemu-img command [command options]
9 The following commands are supported:
11 @include qemu-img-cmds.texi
16 is a disk image filename
18 is the disk image format. It is guessed automatically in most cases. See below
19 for a description of the supported disk formats.
22 is the disk image size in bytes. Optional suffixes @code{k} or @code{K}
23 (kilobyte, 1024) @code{M} (megabyte, 1024k) and @code{G} (gigabyte, 1024M)
24 and T (terabyte, 1024G) are supported. @code{b} is ignored.
27 is the destination disk image filename
30 is the destination format
32 is a comma separated list of format specific options in a
33 name=value format. Use @code{-o ?} for an overview of the options supported
34 by the used format or see the format descriptions below for details.
38 indicates that target image must be compressed (qcow format only)
40 with or without a command shows help and lists the supported formats
43 Parameters to snapshot subcommand:
48 is the name of the snapshot to create, apply or delete
50 applies a snapshot (revert disk to saved state)
56 lists all snapshots in the given image
62 @item create [-f @var{fmt}] [-o @var{options}] @var{filename} [@var{size}]
64 Create the new disk image @var{filename} of size @var{size} and format
65 @var{fmt}. Depending on the file format, you can add one or more @var{options}
66 that enable additional features of this format.
68 If the option @var{backing_file} is specified, then the image will record
69 only the differences from @var{backing_file}. No size needs to be specified in
70 this case. @var{backing_file} will never be modified unless you use the
71 @code{commit} monitor command (or qemu-img commit).
73 The size can also be specified using the @var{size} option with @code{-o},
74 it doesn't need to be specified separately in this case.
76 @item commit [-f @var{fmt}] @var{filename}
78 Commit the changes recorded in @var{filename} in its base image.
80 @item convert [-c] [-f @var{fmt}] [-O @var{output_fmt}] [-o @var{options}] @var{filename} [@var{filename2} [...]] @var{output_filename}
82 Convert the disk image @var{filename} to disk image @var{output_filename}
83 using format @var{output_fmt}. It can be optionally compressed (@code{-c}
84 option) or use any format specific options like encryption (@code{-o} option).
86 Only the formats @code{qcow} and @code{qcow2} support compression. The
87 compression is read-only. It means that if a compressed sector is
88 rewritten, then it is rewritten as uncompressed data.
90 Image conversion is also useful to get smaller image when using a
91 growable format such as @code{qcow} or @code{cow}: the empty sectors
92 are detected and suppressed from the destination image.
94 You can use the @var{backing_file} option to force the output image to be
95 created as a copy on write image of the specified base image; the
96 @var{backing_file} should have the same content as the input's base image,
97 however the path, image format, etc may differ.
99 @item info [-f @var{fmt}] @var{filename}
101 Give information about the disk image @var{filename}. Use it in
102 particular to know the size reserved on disk which can be different
103 from the displayed size. If VM snapshots are stored in the disk image,
104 they are displayed too.
106 @item snapshot [-l | -a @var{snapshot} | -c @var{snapshot} | -d @var{snapshot} ] @var{filename}
108 List, apply, create or delete snapshots in image @var{filename}.
110 @item resize @var{filename} [+ | -]@var{size}
112 Change the disk image as if it had been created with @var{size}.
114 Before using this command to shrink a disk image, you MUST use file system and
115 partitioning tools inside the VM to reduce allocated file systems and partition
116 sizes accordingly. Failure to do so will result in data loss!
118 After using this command to grow a disk image, you must use file system and
119 partitioning tools inside the VM to actually begin using the new space on the
123 Supported image file formats:
128 Raw disk image format (default). This format has the advantage of
129 being simple and easily exportable to all other emulators. If your
130 file system supports @emph{holes} (for example in ext2 or ext3 on
131 Linux or NTFS on Windows), then only the written sectors will reserve
132 space. Use @code{qemu-img info} to know the real size used by the
133 image or @code{ls -ls} on Unix/Linux.
137 Host device format. This format should be used instead of raw when
138 converting to block devices or other devices where "holes" are not
142 QEMU image format, the most versatile format. Use it to have smaller
143 images (useful if your filesystem does not supports holes, for example
144 on Windows), optional AES encryption, zlib based compression and
145 support of multiple VM snapshots.
150 File name of a base image (see @option{create} subcommand)
152 Image format of the base image
154 If this option is set to @code{on}, the image is encrypted.
156 Encryption uses the AES format which is very secure (128 bit keys). Use
157 a long password (16 characters) to get maximum protection.
160 Changes the qcow2 cluster size (must be between 512 and 2M). Smaller cluster
161 sizes can improve the image file size whereas larger cluster sizes generally
162 provide better performance.
165 Preallocation mode (allowed values: off, metadata). An image with preallocated
166 metadata is initially larger but can improve performance when the image needs
173 Old QEMU image format. Left for compatibility.
178 File name of a base image (see @option{create} subcommand)
180 If this option is set to @code{on}, the image is encrypted.
184 User Mode Linux Copy On Write image format. Used to be the only growable
185 image format in QEMU. It is supported only for compatibility with
186 previous versions. It does not work on win32.
188 VirtualBox 1.1 compatible image format.
190 VMware 3 and 4 compatible image format.
195 Image format of the base image
197 Create a VMDK version 6 image (instead of version 4)
201 VirtualPC compatible image format (VHD).
204 Linux Compressed Loop image, useful only to reuse directly compressed
205 CD-ROM images present for example in the Knoppix CD-ROMs.
213 @setfilename qemu-img
214 @settitle QEMU disk image utility
217 The HTML documentation of QEMU for more precise information and Linux
218 user mode emulator invocation.