qemu-options.hx

   1 HXCOMM Use DEFHEADING() to define headings in both help text and texi
   2 HXCOMM Text between STEXI and ETEXI are copied to texi version and
   3 HXCOMM discarded from C version
   4 HXCOMM DEF(option, HAS_ARG/0, opt_enum, opt_help, arch_mask) is used to
   5 HXCOMM construct option structures, enums and help message for specified
   6 HXCOMM architectures.
   7 HXCOMM HXCOMM can be used for comments, discarded from both texi and C
   8
   9 DEFHEADING(Standard options:)
  10 STEXI
  11 @table @option
  12 ETEXI
  13
  14 DEF("help", 0, QEMU_OPTION_h,
  15     "-h or -help     display this help and exit\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
  16 STEXI
  17 @item -h
  18 @findex -h
  19 Display help and exit
  20 ETEXI
  21
  22 DEF("version", 0, QEMU_OPTION_version,
  23     "-version        display version information and exit\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
  24 STEXI
  25 @item -version
  26 @findex -version
  27 Display version information and exit
  28 ETEXI
  29
  30 DEF("M", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_M,
  31     "-M machine      select emulated machine (-M ? for list)\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
  32 STEXI
  33 @item -M @var{machine}
  34 @findex -M
  35 Select the emulated @var{machine} (@code{-M ?} for list)
  36 ETEXI
  37
  38 DEF("cpu", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_cpu,
  39     "-cpu cpu        select CPU (-cpu ? for list)\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
  40 STEXI
  41 @item -cpu @var{model}
  42 @findex -cpu
  43 Select CPU model (-cpu ? for list and additional feature selection)
  44 ETEXI
  45
  46 DEF("smp", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_smp,
  47     "-smp n[,maxcpus=cpus][,cores=cores][,threads=threads][,sockets=sockets]\n"
  48     "                set the number of CPUs to 'n' [default=1]\n"
  49     "                maxcpus= maximum number of total cpus, including\n"
  50     "                offline CPUs for hotplug, etc\n"
  51     "                cores= number of CPU cores on one socket\n"
  52     "                threads= number of threads on one CPU core\n"
  53     "                sockets= number of discrete sockets in the system\n",
  54         QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
  55 STEXI
  56 @item -smp @var{n}[,cores=@var{cores}][,threads=@var{threads}][,sockets=@var{sockets}][,maxcpus=@var{maxcpus}]
  57 @findex -smp
  58 Simulate an SMP system with @var{n} CPUs. On the PC target, up to 255
  59 CPUs are supported. On Sparc32 target, Linux limits the number of usable CPUs
  60 to 4.
  61 For the PC target, the number of @var{cores} per socket, the number
  62 of @var{threads} per cores and the total number of @var{sockets} can be
  63 specified. Missing values will be computed. If any on the three values is
  64 given, the total number of CPUs @var{n} can be omitted. @var{maxcpus}
  65 specifies the maximum number of hotpluggable CPUs.
  66 ETEXI
  67
  68 DEF("numa", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_numa,
  69     "-numa node[,mem=size][,cpus=cpu[-cpu]][,nodeid=node]\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
  70 STEXI
  71 @item -numa @var{opts}
  72 @findex -numa
  73 Simulate a multi node NUMA system. If mem and cpus are omitted, resources
  74 are split equally.
  75 ETEXI
  76
  77 DEF("fda", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_fda,
  78     "-fda/-fdb file  use 'file' as floppy disk 0/1 image\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
  79 DEF("fdb", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_fdb, "", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
  80 STEXI
  81 @item -fda @var{file}
  82 @item -fdb @var{file}
  83 @findex -fda
  84 @findex -fdb
  85 Use @var{file} as floppy disk 0/1 image (@pxref{disk_images}). You can
  86 use the host floppy by using @file{/dev/fd0} as filename (@pxref{host_drives}).
  87 ETEXI
  88
  89 DEF("hda", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_hda,
  90     "-hda/-hdb file  use 'file' as IDE hard disk 0/1 image\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
  91 DEF("hdb", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_hdb, "", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
  92 DEF("hdc", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_hdc,
  93     "-hdc/-hdd file  use 'file' as IDE hard disk 2/3 image\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
  94 DEF("hdd", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_hdd, "", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
  95 STEXI
  96 @item -hda @var{file}
  97 @item -hdb @var{file}
  98 @item -hdc @var{file}
  99 @item -hdd @var{file}
 100 @findex -hda
 101 @findex -hdb
 102 @findex -hdc
 103 @findex -hdd
 104 Use @var{file} as hard disk 0, 1, 2 or 3 image (@pxref{disk_images}).
 105 ETEXI
 106
 107 DEF("cdrom", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_cdrom,
 108     "-cdrom file     use 'file' as IDE cdrom image (cdrom is ide1 master)\n",
 109     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 110 STEXI
 111 @item -cdrom @var{file}
 112 @findex -cdrom
 113 Use @var{file} as CD-ROM image (you cannot use @option{-hdc} and
 114 @option{-cdrom} at the same time). You can use the host CD-ROM by
 115 using @file{/dev/cdrom} as filename (@pxref{host_drives}).
 116 ETEXI
 117
 118 DEF("drive", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_drive,
 119     "-drive [file=file][,if=type][,bus=n][,unit=m][,media=d][,index=i]\n"
 120     "       [,cyls=c,heads=h,secs=s[,trans=t]][,snapshot=on|off]\n"
 121     "       [,cache=writethrough|writeback|none][,format=f][,serial=s]\n"
 122     "       [,addr=A][,id=name][,aio=threads|native][,readonly=on|off]\n"
 123     "       [,boot=on|off]\n"
 124     "                use 'file' as a drive image\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 125 STEXI
 126 @item -drive @var{option}[,@var{option}[,@var{option}[,...]]]
 127 @findex -drive
 128
 129 Define a new drive. Valid options are:
 130
 131 @table @option
 132 @item file=@var{file}
 133 This option defines which disk image (@pxref{disk_images}) to use with
 134 this drive. If the filename contains comma, you must double it
 135 (for instance, "file=my,,file" to use file "my,file").
 136 @item if=@var{interface}
 137 This option defines on which type on interface the drive is connected.
 138 Available types are: ide, scsi, sd, mtd, floppy, pflash, virtio.
 139 @item bus=@var{bus},unit=@var{unit}
 140 These options define where is connected the drive by defining the bus number and
 141 the unit id.
 142 @item index=@var{index}
 143 This option defines where is connected the drive by using an index in the list
 144 of available connectors of a given interface type.
 145 @item media=@var{media}
 146 This option defines the type of the media: disk or cdrom.
 147 @item cyls=@var{c},heads=@var{h},secs=@var{s}[,trans=@var{t}]
 148 These options have the same definition as they have in @option{-hdachs}.
 149 @item snapshot=@var{snapshot}
 150 @var{snapshot} is "on" or "off" and allows to enable snapshot for given drive (see @option{-snapshot}).
 151 @item cache=@var{cache}
 152 @var{cache} is "none", "writeback", or "writethrough" and controls how the host cache is used to access block data.
 153 @item aio=@var{aio}
 154 @var{aio} is "threads", or "native" and selects between pthread based disk I/O and native Linux AIO.
 155 @item format=@var{format}
 156 Specify which disk @var{format} will be used rather than detecting
 157 the format.  Can be used to specifiy format=raw to avoid interpreting
 158 an untrusted format header.
 159 @item serial=@var{serial}
 160 This option specifies the serial number to assign to the device.
 161 @item addr=@var{addr}
 162 Specify the controller's PCI address (if=virtio only).
 163 @item boot=@var{boot}
 164 @var{boot} is "on" or "off" and allows for booting from non-traditional interfaces, such as virtio.
 165 @end table
 166
 167 By default, writethrough caching is used for all block device.  This means that
 168 the host page cache will be used to read and write data but write notification
 169 will be sent to the guest only when the data has been reported as written by
 170 the storage subsystem.
 171
 172 Writeback caching will report data writes as completed as soon as the data is
 173 present in the host page cache.  This is safe as long as you trust your host.
 174 If your host crashes or loses power, then the guest may experience data
 175 corruption.  When using the @option{-snapshot} option, writeback caching is
 176 used by default.
 177
 178 The host page cache can be avoided entirely with @option{cache=none}.  This will
 179 attempt to do disk IO directly to the guests memory.  QEMU may still perform
 180 an internal copy of the data.
 181
 182 Some block drivers perform badly with @option{cache=writethrough}, most notably,
 183 qcow2.  If performance is more important than correctness,
 184 @option{cache=writeback} should be used with qcow2.
 185
 186 Instead of @option{-cdrom} you can use:
 187 @example
 188 qemu -drive file=file,index=2,media=cdrom
 189 @end example
 190
 191 Instead of @option{-hda}, @option{-hdb}, @option{-hdc}, @option{-hdd}, you can
 192 use:
 193 @example
 194 qemu -drive file=file,index=0,media=disk
 195 qemu -drive file=file,index=1,media=disk
 196 qemu -drive file=file,index=2,media=disk
 197 qemu -drive file=file,index=3,media=disk
 198 @end example
 199
 200 You can connect a CDROM to the slave of ide0:
 201 @example
 202 qemu -drive file=file,if=ide,index=1,media=cdrom
 203 @end example
 204
 205 If you don't specify the "file=" argument, you define an empty drive:
 206 @example
 207 qemu -drive if=ide,index=1,media=cdrom
 208 @end example
 209
 210 You can connect a SCSI disk with unit ID 6 on the bus #0:
 211 @example
 212 qemu -drive file=file,if=scsi,bus=0,unit=6
 213 @end example
 214
 215 Instead of @option{-fda}, @option{-fdb}, you can use:
 216 @example
 217 qemu -drive file=file,index=0,if=floppy
 218 qemu -drive file=file,index=1,if=floppy
 219 @end example
 220
 221 By default, @var{interface} is "ide" and @var{index} is automatically
 222 incremented:
 223 @example
 224 qemu -drive file=a -drive file=b"
 225 @end example
 226 is interpreted like:
 227 @example
 228 qemu -hda a -hdb b
 229 @end example
 230 ETEXI
 231
 232 DEF("set", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_set,
 233     "-set group.id.arg=value\n"
 234     "                set <arg> parameter for item <id> of type <group>\n"
 235     "                i.e. -set drive.$id.file=/path/to/image\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 236 STEXI
 237 @item -set
 238 @findex -set
 239 TODO
 240 ETEXI
 241
 242 DEF("global", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_global,
 243     "-global driver.property=value\n"
 244     "                set a global default for a driver property\n",
 245     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 246 STEXI
 247 @item -global
 248 @findex -global
 249 TODO
 250 ETEXI
 251
 252 DEF("mtdblock", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_mtdblock,
 253     "-mtdblock file  use 'file' as on-board Flash memory image\n",
 254     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 255 STEXI
 256 @item -mtdblock @var{file}
 257 @findex -mtdblock
 258 Use @var{file} as on-board Flash memory image.
 259 ETEXI
 260
 261 DEF("sd", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_sd,
 262     "-sd file        use 'file' as SecureDigital card image\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 263 STEXI
 264 @item -sd @var{file}
 265 @findex -sd
 266 Use @var{file} as SecureDigital card image.
 267 ETEXI
 268
 269 DEF("pflash", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_pflash,
 270     "-pflash file    use 'file' as a parallel flash image\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 271 STEXI
 272 @item -pflash @var{file}
 273 @findex -pflash
 274 Use @var{file} as a parallel flash image.
 275 ETEXI
 276
 277 DEF("boot", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_boot,
 278     "-boot [order=drives][,once=drives][,menu=on|off]\n"
 279     "                'drives': floppy (a), hard disk (c), CD-ROM (d), network (n)\n",
 280     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 281 STEXI
 282 @item -boot [order=@var{drives}][,once=@var{drives}][,menu=on|off]
 283 @findex -boot
 284 Specify boot order @var{drives} as a string of drive letters. Valid
 285 drive letters depend on the target achitecture. The x86 PC uses: a, b
 286 (floppy 1 and 2), c (first hard disk), d (first CD-ROM), n-p (Etherboot
 287 from network adapter 1-4), hard disk boot is the default. To apply a
 288 particular boot order only on the first startup, specify it via
 289 @option{once}.
 290
 291 Interactive boot menus/prompts can be enabled via @option{menu=on} as far
 292 as firmware/BIOS supports them. The default is non-interactive boot.
 293
 294 @example
 295 # try to boot from network first, then from hard disk
 296 qemu -boot order=nc
 297 # boot from CD-ROM first, switch back to default order after reboot
 298 qemu -boot once=d
 299 @end example
 300
 301 Note: The legacy format '-boot @var{drives}' is still supported but its
 302 use is discouraged as it may be removed from future versions.
 303 ETEXI
 304
 305 DEF("snapshot", 0, QEMU_OPTION_snapshot,
 306     "-snapshot       write to temporary files instead of disk image files\n",
 307     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 308 STEXI
 309 @item -snapshot
 310 @findex -snapshot
 311 Write to temporary files instead of disk image files. In this case,
 312 the raw disk image you use is not written back. You can however force
 313 the write back by pressing @key{C-a s} (@pxref{disk_images}).
 314 ETEXI
 315
 316 DEF("m", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_m,
 317     "-m megs         set virtual RAM size to megs MB [default="
 318     stringify(DEFAULT_RAM_SIZE) "]\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 319 STEXI
 320 @item -m @var{megs}
 321 @findex -m
 322 Set virtual RAM size to @var{megs} megabytes. Default is 128 MiB.  Optionally,
 323 a suffix of ``M'' or ``G'' can be used to signify a value in megabytes or
 324 gigabytes respectively.
 325 ETEXI
 326
 327 DEF("mem-path", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_mempath,
 328     "-mem-path FILE  provide backing storage for guest RAM\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 329 STEXI
 330 @item -mem-path @var{path}
 331 Allocate guest RAM from a temporarily created file in @var{path}.
 332 ETEXI
 333
 334 #ifdef MAP_POPULATE
 335 DEF("mem-prealloc", 0, QEMU_OPTION_mem_prealloc,
 336     "-mem-prealloc   preallocate guest memory (use with -mem-path)\n",
 337     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 338 STEXI
 339 @item -mem-prealloc
 340 Preallocate memory when using -mem-path.
 341 ETEXI
 342 #endif
 343
 344 DEF("k", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_k,
 345     "-k language     use keyboard layout (for example 'fr' for French)\n",
 346     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 347 STEXI
 348 @item -k @var{language}
 349 @findex -k
 350 Use keyboard layout @var{language} (for example @code{fr} for
 351 French). This option is only needed where it is not easy to get raw PC
 352 keycodes (e.g. on Macs, with some X11 servers or with a VNC
 353 display). You don't normally need to use it on PC/Linux or PC/Windows
 354 hosts.
 355
 356 The available layouts are:
 357 @example
 358 ar  de-ch  es  fo     fr-ca  hu  ja  mk     no  pt-br  sv
 359 da  en-gb  et  fr     fr-ch  is  lt  nl     pl  ru     th
 360 de  en-us  fi  fr-be  hr     it  lv  nl-be  pt  sl     tr
 361 @end example
 362
 363 The default is @code{en-us}.
 364 ETEXI
 365
 366
 367 DEF("audio-help", 0, QEMU_OPTION_audio_help,
 368     "-audio-help     print list of audio drivers and their options\n",
 369     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 370 STEXI
 371 @item -audio-help
 372 @findex -audio-help
 373 Will show the audio subsystem help: list of drivers, tunable
 374 parameters.
 375 ETEXI
 376
 377 DEF("soundhw", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_soundhw,
 378     "-soundhw c1,... enable audio support\n"
 379     "                and only specified sound cards (comma separated list)\n"
 380     "                use -soundhw ? to get the list of supported cards\n"
 381     "                use -soundhw all to enable all of them\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 382 STEXI
 383 @item -soundhw @var{card1}[,@var{card2},...] or -soundhw all
 384 @findex -soundhw
 385 Enable audio and selected sound hardware. Use ? to print all
 386 available sound hardware.
 387
 388 @example
 389 qemu -soundhw sb16,adlib disk.img
 390 qemu -soundhw es1370 disk.img
 391 qemu -soundhw ac97 disk.img
 392 qemu -soundhw all disk.img
 393 qemu -soundhw ?
 394 @end example
 395
 396 Note that Linux's i810_audio OSS kernel (for AC97) module might
 397 require manually specifying clocking.
 398
 399 @example
 400 modprobe i810_audio clocking=48000
 401 @end example
 402 ETEXI
 403
 404 STEXI
 405 @end table
 406 ETEXI
 407
 408 DEF("usb", 0, QEMU_OPTION_usb,
 409     "-usb            enable the USB driver (will be the default soon)\n",
 410     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 411 STEXI
 412 USB options:
 413 @table @option
 414
 415 @item -usb
 416 @findex -usb
 417 Enable the USB driver (will be the default soon)
 418 ETEXI
 419
 420 DEF("usbdevice", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_usbdevice,
 421     "-usbdevice name add the host or guest USB device 'name'\n",
 422     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 423 STEXI
 424
 425 @item -usbdevice @var{devname}
 426 @findex -usbdevice
 427 Add the USB device @var{devname}. @xref{usb_devices}.
 428
 429 @table @option
 430
 431 @item mouse
 432 Virtual Mouse. This will override the PS/2 mouse emulation when activated.
 433
 434 @item tablet
 435 Pointer device that uses absolute coordinates (like a touchscreen). This
 436 means qemu is able to report the mouse position without having to grab the
 437 mouse. Also overrides the PS/2 mouse emulation when activated.
 438
 439 @item disk:[format=@var{format}]:@var{file}
 440 Mass storage device based on file. The optional @var{format} argument
 441 will be used rather than detecting the format. Can be used to specifiy
 442 @code{format=raw} to avoid interpreting an untrusted format header.
 443
 444 @item host:@var{bus}.@var{addr}
 445 Pass through the host device identified by @var{bus}.@var{addr} (Linux only).
 446
 447 @item host:@var{vendor_id}:@var{product_id}
 448 Pass through the host device identified by @var{vendor_id}:@var{product_id}
 449 (Linux only).
 450
 451 @item serial:[vendorid=@var{vendor_id}][,productid=@var{product_id}]:@var{dev}
 452 Serial converter to host character device @var{dev}, see @code{-serial} for the
 453 available devices.
 454
 455 @item braille
 456 Braille device.  This will use BrlAPI to display the braille output on a real
 457 or fake device.
 458
 459 @item net:@var{options}
 460 Network adapter that supports CDC ethernet and RNDIS protocols.
 461
 462 @end table
 463 ETEXI
 464
 465 DEF("device", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_device,
 466     "-device driver[,prop[=value][,...]]\n"
 467     "                add device (based on driver)\n"
 468     "                prop=value,... sets driver properties\n"
 469     "                use -device ? to print all possible drivers\n"
 470     "                use -device driver,? to print all possible options\n"
 471     "                use -device driver,option=? to print a help for value\n",
 472     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 473 STEXI
 474 @item -device @var{driver}[,@var{option}[=@var{value}][,...]]
 475 @findex -device
 476 Add device @var{driver}. Depending on the device type,
 477 @var{option} (with default or given @var{value}) may be useful.
 478 To get a help on possible @var{driver}s, @var{option}s or @var{value}s, use
 479 @code{-device ?},
 480 @code{-device @var{driver},?} or
 481 @code{-device @var{driver},@var{option}=?}.
 482 ETEXI
 483
 484 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX
 485 DEFHEADING(File system options:)
 486
 487 DEF("fsdev", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_fsdev,
 488     "-fsdev local,id=id,path=path\n",
 489     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 490
 491 STEXI
 492
 493 The general form of a File system device option is:
 494 @table @option
 495
 496 @item -fsdev @var{fstype} ,id=@var{id} [,@var{options}]
 497 @findex -fsdev
 498 Fstype is one of:
 499 @option{local},
 500 The specific Fstype will determine the applicable options.
 501
 502 Options to each backend are described below.
 503
 504 @item -fsdev local ,id=@var{id} ,path=@var{path}
 505
 506 Create a file-system-"device" for local-filesystem.
 507
 508 @option{local} is only available on Linux.
 509
 510 @option{path} specifies the path to be exported. @option{path} is required.
 511
 512 @end table
 513 ETEXI
 514 #endif
 515
 516 #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX
 517 DEFHEADING(Virtual File system pass-through options:)
 518
 519 DEF("virtfs", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_virtfs,
 520     "-virtfs local,path=path,mount_tag=tag\n",
 521     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 522
 523 STEXI
 524
 525 The general form of a Virtual File system pass-through option is:
 526 @table @option
 527
 528 @item -virtfs @var{fstype} [,@var{options}]
 529 @findex -virtfs
 530 Fstype is one of:
 531 @option{local},
 532 The specific Fstype will determine the applicable options.
 533
 534 Options to each backend are described below.
 535
 536 @item -virtfs local ,path=@var{path} ,mount_tag=@var{mount_tag}
 537
 538 Create a Virtual file-system-pass through for local-filesystem.
 539
 540 @option{local} is only available on Linux.
 541
 542 @option{path} specifies the path to be exported. @option{path} is required.
 543
 544 @option{mount_tag} specifies the tag with which the exported file is mounted.
 545 @option{mount_tag} is required.
 546
 547 @end table
 548 ETEXI
 549 #endif
 550
 551 DEFHEADING()
 552
 553 DEF("name", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_name,
 554     "-name string1[,process=string2]\n"
 555     "                set the name of the guest\n"
 556     "                string1 sets the window title and string2 the process name (on Linux)\n",
 557     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 558 STEXI
 559 @item -name @var{name}
 560 @findex -name
 561 Sets the @var{name} of the guest.
 562 This name will be displayed in the SDL window caption.
 563 The @var{name} will also be used for the VNC server.
 564 Also optionally set the top visible process name in Linux.
 565 ETEXI
 566
 567 DEF("uuid", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_uuid,
 568     "-uuid %08x-%04x-%04x-%04x-%012x\n"
 569     "                specify machine UUID\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 570 STEXI
 571 @item -uuid @var{uuid}
 572 @findex -uuid
 573 Set system UUID.
 574 ETEXI
 575
 576 STEXI
 577 @end table
 578 ETEXI
 579
 580 DEFHEADING()
 581
 582 DEFHEADING(Display options:)
 583
 584 STEXI
 585 @table @option
 586 ETEXI
 587
 588 DEF("nographic", 0, QEMU_OPTION_nographic,
 589     "-nographic      disable graphical output and redirect serial I/Os to console\n",
 590     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 591 STEXI
 592 @item -nographic
 593 @findex -nographic
 594 Normally, QEMU uses SDL to display the VGA output. With this option,
 595 you can totally disable graphical output so that QEMU is a simple
 596 command line application. The emulated serial port is redirected on
 597 the console. Therefore, you can still use QEMU to debug a Linux kernel
 598 with a serial console.
 599 ETEXI
 600
 601 #ifdef CONFIG_CURSES
 602 DEF("curses", 0, QEMU_OPTION_curses,
 603     "-curses         use a curses/ncurses interface instead of SDL\n",
 604     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 605 #endif
 606 STEXI
 607 @item -curses
 608 @findex curses
 609 Normally, QEMU uses SDL to display the VGA output.  With this option,
 610 QEMU can display the VGA output when in text mode using a
 611 curses/ncurses interface.  Nothing is displayed in graphical mode.
 612 ETEXI
 613
 614 #ifdef CONFIG_SDL
 615 DEF("no-frame", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_frame,
 616     "-no-frame       open SDL window without a frame and window decorations\n",
 617     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 618 #endif
 619 STEXI
 620 @item -no-frame
 621 @findex -no-frame
 622 Do not use decorations for SDL windows and start them using the whole
 623 available screen space. This makes the using QEMU in a dedicated desktop
 624 workspace more convenient.
 625 ETEXI
 626
 627 #ifdef CONFIG_SDL
 628 DEF("alt-grab", 0, QEMU_OPTION_alt_grab,
 629     "-alt-grab       use Ctrl-Alt-Shift to grab mouse (instead of Ctrl-Alt)\n",
 630     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 631 #endif
 632 STEXI
 633 @item -alt-grab
 634 @findex -alt-grab
 635 Use Ctrl-Alt-Shift to grab mouse (instead of Ctrl-Alt).
 636 ETEXI
 637
 638 #ifdef CONFIG_SDL
 639 DEF("ctrl-grab", 0, QEMU_OPTION_ctrl_grab,
 640     "-ctrl-grab      use Right-Ctrl to grab mouse (instead of Ctrl-Alt)\n",
 641     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 642 #endif
 643 STEXI
 644 @item -ctrl-grab
 645 @findex -ctrl-grab
 646 Use Right-Ctrl to grab mouse (instead of Ctrl-Alt).
 647 ETEXI
 648
 649 #ifdef CONFIG_SDL
 650 DEF("no-quit", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_quit,
 651     "-no-quit        disable SDL window close capability\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 652 #endif
 653 STEXI
 654 @item -no-quit
 655 @findex -no-quit
 656 Disable SDL window close capability.
 657 ETEXI
 658
 659 #ifdef CONFIG_SDL
 660 DEF("sdl", 0, QEMU_OPTION_sdl,
 661     "-sdl            enable SDL\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 662 #endif
 663 STEXI
 664 @item -sdl
 665 @findex -sdl
 666 Enable SDL.
 667 ETEXI
 668
 669 DEF("portrait", 0, QEMU_OPTION_portrait,
 670     "-portrait       rotate graphical output 90 deg left (only PXA LCD)\n",
 671     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 672 STEXI
 673 @item -portrait
 674 @findex -portrait
 675 Rotate graphical output 90 deg left (only PXA LCD).
 676 ETEXI
 677
 678 DEF("vga", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_vga,
 679     "-vga [std|cirrus|vmware|xenfb|none]\n"
 680     "                select video card type\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 681 STEXI
 682 @item -vga @var{type}
 683 @findex -vga
 684 Select type of VGA card to emulate. Valid values for @var{type} are
 685 @table @option
 686 @item cirrus
 687 Cirrus Logic GD5446 Video card. All Windows versions starting from
 688 Windows 95 should recognize and use this graphic card. For optimal
 689 performances, use 16 bit color depth in the guest and the host OS.
 690 (This one is the default)
 691 @item std
 692 Standard VGA card with Bochs VBE extensions.  If your guest OS
 693 supports the VESA 2.0 VBE extensions (e.g. Windows XP) and if you want
 694 to use high resolution modes (>= 1280x1024x16) then you should use
 695 this option.
 696 @item vmware
 697 VMWare SVGA-II compatible adapter. Use it if you have sufficiently
 698 recent XFree86/XOrg server or Windows guest with a driver for this
 699 card.
 700 @item none
 701 Disable VGA card.
 702 @end table
 703 ETEXI
 704
 705 DEF("full-screen", 0, QEMU_OPTION_full_screen,
 706     "-full-screen    start in full screen\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 707 STEXI
 708 @item -full-screen
 709 @findex -full-screen
 710 Start in full screen.
 711 ETEXI
 712
 713 DEF("g", 1, QEMU_OPTION_g ,
 714     "-g WxH[xDEPTH]  Set the initial graphical resolution and depth\n",
 715     QEMU_ARCH_PPC | QEMU_ARCH_SPARC)
 716 STEXI
 717 @item -g @var{width}x@var{height}[x@var{depth}]
 718 @findex -g
 719 Set the initial graphical resolution and depth (PPC, SPARC only).
 720 ETEXI
 721
 722 DEF("vnc", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_vnc ,
 723     "-vnc display    start a VNC server on display\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 724 STEXI
 725 @item -vnc @var{display}[,@var{option}[,@var{option}[,...]]]
 726 @findex -vnc
 727 Normally, QEMU uses SDL to display the VGA output.  With this option,
 728 you can have QEMU listen on VNC display @var{display} and redirect the VGA
 729 display over the VNC session.  It is very useful to enable the usb
 730 tablet device when using this option (option @option{-usbdevice
 731 tablet}). When using the VNC display, you must use the @option{-k}
 732 parameter to set the keyboard layout if you are not using en-us. Valid
 733 syntax for the @var{display} is
 734
 735 @table @option
 736
 737 @item @var{host}:@var{d}
 738
 739 TCP connections will only be allowed from @var{host} on display @var{d}.
 740 By convention the TCP port is 5900+@var{d}. Optionally, @var{host} can
 741 be omitted in which case the server will accept connections from any host.
 742
 743 @item unix:@var{path}
 744
 745 Connections will be allowed over UNIX domain sockets where @var{path} is the
 746 location of a unix socket to listen for connections on.
 747
 748 @item none
 749
 750 VNC is initialized but not started. The monitor @code{change} command
 751 can be used to later start the VNC server.
 752
 753 @end table
 754
 755 Following the @var{display} value there may be one or more @var{option} flags
 756 separated by commas. Valid options are
 757
 758 @table @option
 759
 760 @item reverse
 761
 762 Connect to a listening VNC client via a ``reverse'' connection. The
 763 client is specified by the @var{display}. For reverse network
 764 connections (@var{host}:@var{d},@code{reverse}), the @var{d} argument
 765 is a TCP port number, not a display number.
 766
 767 @item password
 768
 769 Require that password based authentication is used for client connections.
 770 The password must be set separately using the @code{change} command in the
 771 @ref{pcsys_monitor}
 772
 773 @item tls
 774
 775 Require that client use TLS when communicating with the VNC server. This
 776 uses anonymous TLS credentials so is susceptible to a man-in-the-middle
 777 attack. It is recommended that this option be combined with either the
 778 @option{x509} or @option{x509verify} options.
 779
 780 @item x509=@var{/path/to/certificate/dir}
 781
 782 Valid if @option{tls} is specified. Require that x509 credentials are used
 783 for negotiating the TLS session. The server will send its x509 certificate
 784 to the client. It is recommended that a password be set on the VNC server
 785 to provide authentication of the client when this is used. The path following
 786 this option specifies where the x509 certificates are to be loaded from.
 787 See the @ref{vnc_security} section for details on generating certificates.
 788
 789 @item x509verify=@var{/path/to/certificate/dir}
 790
 791 Valid if @option{tls} is specified. Require that x509 credentials are used
 792 for negotiating the TLS session. The server will send its x509 certificate
 793 to the client, and request that the client send its own x509 certificate.
 794 The server will validate the client's certificate against the CA certificate,
 795 and reject clients when validation fails. If the certificate authority is
 796 trusted, this is a sufficient authentication mechanism. You may still wish
 797 to set a password on the VNC server as a second authentication layer. The
 798 path following this option specifies where the x509 certificates are to
 799 be loaded from. See the @ref{vnc_security} section for details on generating
 800 certificates.
 801
 802 @item sasl
 803
 804 Require that the client use SASL to authenticate with the VNC server.
 805 The exact choice of authentication method used is controlled from the
 806 system / user's SASL configuration file for the 'qemu' service. This
 807 is typically found in /etc/sasl2/qemu.conf. If running QEMU as an
 808 unprivileged user, an environment variable SASL_CONF_PATH can be used
 809 to make it search alternate locations for the service config.
 810 While some SASL auth methods can also provide data encryption (eg GSSAPI),
 811 it is recommended that SASL always be combined with the 'tls' and
 812 'x509' settings to enable use of SSL and server certificates. This
 813 ensures a data encryption preventing compromise of authentication
 814 credentials. See the @ref{vnc_security} section for details on using
 815 SASL authentication.
 816
 817 @item acl
 818
 819 Turn on access control lists for checking of the x509 client certificate
 820 and SASL party. For x509 certs, the ACL check is made against the
 821 certificate's distinguished name. This is something that looks like
 822 @code{C=GB,O=ACME,L=Boston,CN=bob}. For SASL party, the ACL check is
 823 made against the username, which depending on the SASL plugin, may
 824 include a realm component, eg @code{bob} or @code{bob@@EXAMPLE.COM}.
 825 When the @option{acl} flag is set, the initial access list will be
 826 empty, with a @code{deny} policy. Thus no one will be allowed to
 827 use the VNC server until the ACLs have been loaded. This can be
 828 achieved using the @code{acl} monitor command.
 829
 830 @end table
 831 ETEXI
 832
 833 STEXI
 834 @end table
 835 ETEXI
 836
 837 DEFHEADING()
 838
 839 DEFHEADING(i386 target only:)
 840 STEXI
 841 @table @option
 842 ETEXI
 843
 844 DEF("win2k-hack", 0, QEMU_OPTION_win2k_hack,
 845     "-win2k-hack     use it when installing Windows 2000 to avoid a disk full bug\n",
 846     QEMU_ARCH_I386)
 847 STEXI
 848 @item -win2k-hack
 849 @findex -win2k-hack
 850 Use it when installing Windows 2000 to avoid a disk full bug. After
 851 Windows 2000 is installed, you no longer need this option (this option
 852 slows down the IDE transfers).
 853 ETEXI
 854
 855 HXCOMM Deprecated by -rtc
 856 DEF("rtc-td-hack", 0, QEMU_OPTION_rtc_td_hack, "", QEMU_ARCH_I386)
 857
 858 DEF("no-fd-bootchk", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_fd_bootchk,
 859     "-no-fd-bootchk  disable boot signature checking for floppy disks\n",
 860     QEMU_ARCH_I386)
 861 STEXI
 862 @item -no-fd-bootchk
 863 @findex -no-fd-bootchk
 864 Disable boot signature checking for floppy disks in Bochs BIOS. It may
 865 be needed to boot from old floppy disks.
 866 TODO: check reference to Bochs BIOS.
 867 ETEXI
 868
 869 DEF("no-acpi", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_acpi,
 870            "-no-acpi        disable ACPI\n", QEMU_ARCH_I386)
 871 STEXI
 872 @item -no-acpi
 873 @findex -no-acpi
 874 Disable ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) support. Use
 875 it if your guest OS complains about ACPI problems (PC target machine
 876 only).
 877 ETEXI
 878
 879 DEF("no-hpet", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_hpet,
 880     "-no-hpet        disable HPET\n", QEMU_ARCH_I386)
 881 STEXI
 882 @item -no-hpet
 883 @findex -no-hpet
 884 Disable HPET support.
 885 ETEXI
 886
 887 DEF("balloon", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_balloon,
 888     "-balloon none   disable balloon device\n"
 889     "-balloon virtio[,addr=str]\n"
 890     "                enable virtio balloon device (default)\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 891 STEXI
 892 @item -balloon none
 893 @findex -balloon
 894 Disable balloon device.
 895 @item -balloon virtio[,addr=@var{addr}]
 896 Enable virtio balloon device (default), optionally with PCI address
 897 @var{addr}.
 898 ETEXI
 899
 900 DEF("acpitable", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_acpitable,
 901     "-acpitable [sig=str][,rev=n][,oem_id=str][,oem_table_id=str][,oem_rev=n][,asl_compiler_id=str][,asl_compiler_rev=n][,data=file1[:file2]...]\n"
 902     "                ACPI table description\n", QEMU_ARCH_I386)
 903 STEXI
 904 @item -acpitable [sig=@var{str}][,rev=@var{n}][,oem_id=@var{str}][,oem_table_id=@var{str}][,oem_rev=@var{n}] [,asl_compiler_id=@var{str}][,asl_compiler_rev=@var{n}][,data=@var{file1}[:@var{file2}]...]
 905 @findex -acpitable
 906 Add ACPI table with specified header fields and context from specified files.
 907 ETEXI
 908
 909 DEF("smbios", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_smbios,
 910     "-smbios file=binary\n"
 911     "                load SMBIOS entry from binary file\n"
 912     "-smbios type=0[,vendor=str][,version=str][,date=str][,release=%d.%d]\n"
 913     "                specify SMBIOS type 0 fields\n"
 914     "-smbios type=1[,manufacturer=str][,product=str][,version=str][,serial=str]\n"
 915     "              [,uuid=uuid][,sku=str][,family=str]\n"
 916     "                specify SMBIOS type 1 fields\n", QEMU_ARCH_I386)
 917 STEXI
 918 @item -smbios file=@var{binary}
 919 @findex -smbios
 920 Load SMBIOS entry from binary file.
 921
 922 @item -smbios type=0[,vendor=@var{str}][,version=@var{str}][,date=@var{str}][,release=@var{%d.%d}]
 923 @findex -smbios
 924 Specify SMBIOS type 0 fields
 925
 926 @item -smbios type=1[,manufacturer=@var{str}][,product=@var{str}] [,version=@var{str}][,serial=@var{str}][,uuid=@var{uuid}][,sku=@var{str}] [,family=@var{str}]
 927 Specify SMBIOS type 1 fields
 928 ETEXI
 929
 930 DEFHEADING()
 931 STEXI
 932 @end table
 933 ETEXI
 934
 935 DEFHEADING(Network options:)
 936 STEXI
 937 @table @option
 938 ETEXI
 939
 940 HXCOMM Legacy slirp options (now moved to -net user):
 941 #ifdef CONFIG_SLIRP
 942 DEF("tftp", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_tftp, "", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 943 DEF("bootp", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_bootp, "", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 944 DEF("redir", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_redir, "", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 945 #ifndef _WIN32
 946 DEF("smb", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_smb, "", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 947 #endif
 948 #endif
 949
 950 DEF("net", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_net,
 951     "-net nic[,vlan=n][,macaddr=mac][,model=type][,name=str][,addr=str][,vectors=v]\n"
 952     "                create a new Network Interface Card and connect it to VLAN 'n'\n"
 953 #ifdef CONFIG_SLIRP
 954     "-net user[,vlan=n][,name=str][,net=addr[/mask]][,host=addr][,restrict=y|n]\n"
 955     "         [,hostname=host][,dhcpstart=addr][,dns=addr][,tftp=dir][,bootfile=f]\n"
 956     "         [,hostfwd=rule][,guestfwd=rule]"
 957 #ifndef _WIN32
 958                                              "[,smb=dir[,smbserver=addr]]\n"
 959 #endif
 960     "                connect the user mode network stack to VLAN 'n', configure its\n"
 961     "                DHCP server and enabled optional services\n"
 962 #endif
 963 #ifdef _WIN32
 964     "-net tap[,vlan=n][,name=str],ifname=name\n"
 965     "                connect the host TAP network interface to VLAN 'n'\n"
 966 #else
 967     "-net tap[,vlan=n][,name=str][,fd=h][,ifname=name][,script=file][,downscript=dfile][,sndbuf=nbytes][,vnet_hdr=on|off][,vhost=on|off][,vhostfd=h]\n"
 968     "                connect the host TAP network interface to VLAN 'n' and use the\n"
 969     "                network scripts 'file' (default=" DEFAULT_NETWORK_SCRIPT ")\n"
 970     "                and 'dfile' (default=" DEFAULT_NETWORK_DOWN_SCRIPT ")\n"
 971     "                use '[down]script=no' to disable script execution\n"
 972     "                use 'fd=h' to connect to an already opened TAP interface\n"
 973     "                use 'sndbuf=nbytes' to limit the size of the send buffer (the\n"
 974     "                default of 'sndbuf=1048576' can be disabled using 'sndbuf=0')\n"
 975     "                use vnet_hdr=off to avoid enabling the IFF_VNET_HDR tap flag\n"
 976     "                use vnet_hdr=on to make the lack of IFF_VNET_HDR support an error condition\n"
 977     "                use vhost=on to enable experimental in kernel accelerator\n"
 978     "                use 'vhostfd=h' to connect to an already opened vhost net device\n"
 979 #endif
 980     "-net socket[,vlan=n][,name=str][,fd=h][,listen=[host]:port][,connect=host:port]\n"
 981     "                connect the vlan 'n' to another VLAN using a socket connection\n"
 982     "-net socket[,vlan=n][,name=str][,fd=h][,mcast=maddr:port]\n"
 983     "                connect the vlan 'n' to multicast maddr and port\n"
 984 #ifdef CONFIG_VDE
 985     "-net vde[,vlan=n][,name=str][,sock=socketpath][,port=n][,group=groupname][,mode=octalmode]\n"
 986     "                connect the vlan 'n' to port 'n' of a vde switch running\n"
 987     "                on host and listening for incoming connections on 'socketpath'.\n"
 988     "                Use group 'groupname' and mode 'octalmode' to change default\n"
 989     "                ownership and permissions for communication port.\n"
 990 #endif
 991     "-net dump[,vlan=n][,file=f][,len=n]\n"
 992     "                dump traffic on vlan 'n' to file 'f' (max n bytes per packet)\n"
 993     "-net none       use it alone to have zero network devices. If no -net option\n"
 994     "                is provided, the default is '-net nic -net user'\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
 995 DEF("netdev", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_netdev,
 996     "-netdev ["
 997 #ifdef CONFIG_SLIRP
 998     "user|"
 999 #endif
1000     "tap|"
1001 #ifdef CONFIG_VDE
1002     "vde|"
1003 #endif
1004     "socket],id=str[,option][,option][,...]\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1005 STEXI
1006 @item -net nic[,vlan=@var{n}][,macaddr=@var{mac}][,model=@var{type}] [,name=@var{name}][,addr=@var{addr}][,vectors=@var{v}]
1007 @findex -net
1008 Create a new Network Interface Card and connect it to VLAN @var{n} (@var{n}
1009 = 0 is the default). The NIC is an e1000 by default on the PC
1010 target. Optionally, the MAC address can be changed to @var{mac}, the
1011 device address set to @var{addr} (PCI cards only),
1012 and a @var{name} can be assigned for use in monitor commands.
1013 Optionally, for PCI cards, you can specify the number @var{v} of MSI-X vectors
1014 that the card should have; this option currently only affects virtio cards; set
1015 @var{v} = 0 to disable MSI-X. If no @option{-net} option is specified, a single
1016 NIC is created.  Qemu can emulate several different models of network card.
1017 Valid values for @var{type} are
1018 @code{virtio}, @code{i82551}, @code{i82557b}, @code{i82559er},
1019 @code{ne2k_pci}, @code{ne2k_isa}, @code{pcnet}, @code{rtl8139},
1020 @code{e1000}, @code{smc91c111}, @code{lance} and @code{mcf_fec}.
1021 Not all devices are supported on all targets.  Use -net nic,model=?
1022 for a list of available devices for your target.
1023
1024 @item -net user[,@var{option}][,@var{option}][,...]
1025 Use the user mode network stack which requires no administrator
1026 privilege to run. Valid options are:
1027
1028 @table @option
1029 @item vlan=@var{n}
1030 Connect user mode stack to VLAN @var{n} (@var{n} = 0 is the default).
1031
1032 @item name=@var{name}
1033 Assign symbolic name for use in monitor commands.
1034
1035 @item net=@var{addr}[/@var{mask}]
1036 Set IP network address the guest will see. Optionally specify the netmask,
1037 either in the form a.b.c.d or as number of valid top-most bits. Default is
1038 10.0.2.0/8.
1039
1040 @item host=@var{addr}
1041 Specify the guest-visible address of the host. Default is the 2nd IP in the
1042 guest network, i.e. x.x.x.2.
1043
1044 @item restrict=y|yes|n|no
1045 If this options is enabled, the guest will be isolated, i.e. it will not be
1046 able to contact the host and no guest IP packets will be routed over the host
1047 to the outside. This option does not affect explicitly set forwarding rule.
1048
1049 @item hostname=@var{name}
1050 Specifies the client hostname reported by the builtin DHCP server.
1051
1052 @item dhcpstart=@var{addr}
1053 Specify the first of the 16 IPs the built-in DHCP server can assign. Default
1054 is the 16th to 31st IP in the guest network, i.e. x.x.x.16 to x.x.x.31.
1055
1056 @item dns=@var{addr}
1057 Specify the guest-visible address of the virtual nameserver. The address must
1058 be different from the host address. Default is the 3rd IP in the guest network,
1059 i.e. x.x.x.3.
1060
1061 @item tftp=@var{dir}
1062 When using the user mode network stack, activate a built-in TFTP
1063 server. The files in @var{dir} will be exposed as the root of a TFTP server.
1064 The TFTP client on the guest must be configured in binary mode (use the command
1065 @code{bin} of the Unix TFTP client).
1066
1067 @item bootfile=@var{file}
1068 When using the user mode network stack, broadcast @var{file} as the BOOTP
1069 filename. In conjunction with @option{tftp}, this can be used to network boot
1070 a guest from a local directory.
1071
1072 Example (using pxelinux):
1073 @example
1074 qemu -hda linux.img -boot n -net user,tftp=/path/to/tftp/files,bootfile=/pxelinux.0
1075 @end example
1076
1077 @item smb=@var{dir}[,smbserver=@var{addr}]
1078 When using the user mode network stack, activate a built-in SMB
1079 server so that Windows OSes can access to the host files in @file{@var{dir}}
1080 transparently. The IP address of the SMB server can be set to @var{addr}. By
1081 default the 4th IP in the guest network is used, i.e. x.x.x.4.
1082
1083 In the guest Windows OS, the line:
1084 @example
1085 10.0.2.4 smbserver
1086 @end example
1087 must be added in the file @file{C:\WINDOWS\LMHOSTS} (for windows 9x/Me)
1088 or @file{C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32\DRIVERS\ETC\LMHOSTS} (Windows NT/2000).
1089
1090 Then @file{@var{dir}} can be accessed in @file{\\smbserver\qemu}.
1091
1092 Note that a SAMBA server must be installed on the host OS in
1093 @file{/usr/sbin/smbd}. QEMU was tested successfully with smbd versions from
1094 Red Hat 9, Fedora Core 3 and OpenSUSE 11.x.
1095
1096 @item hostfwd=[tcp|udp]:[@var{hostaddr}]:@var{hostport}-[@var{guestaddr}]:@var{guestport}
1097 Redirect incoming TCP or UDP connections to the host port @var{hostport} to
1098 the guest IP address @var{guestaddr} on guest port @var{guestport}. If
1099 @var{guestaddr} is not specified, its value is x.x.x.15 (default first address
1100 given by the built-in DHCP server). By specifying @var{hostaddr}, the rule can
1101 be bound to a specific host interface. If no connection type is set, TCP is
1102 used. This option can be given multiple times.
1103
1104 For example, to redirect host X11 connection from screen 1 to guest
1105 screen 0, use the following:
1106
1107 @example
1108 # on the host
1109 qemu -net user,hostfwd=tcp:127.0.0.1:6001-:6000 [...]
1110 # this host xterm should open in the guest X11 server
1111 xterm -display :1
1112 @end example
1113
1114 To redirect telnet connections from host port 5555 to telnet port on
1115 the guest, use the following:
1116
1117 @example
1118 # on the host
1119 qemu -net user,hostfwd=tcp::5555-:23 [...]
1120 telnet localhost 5555
1121 @end example
1122
1123 Then when you use on the host @code{telnet localhost 5555}, you
1124 connect to the guest telnet server.
1125
1126 @item guestfwd=[tcp]:@var{server}:@var{port}-@var{dev}
1127 Forward guest TCP connections to the IP address @var{server} on port @var{port}
1128 to the character device @var{dev}. This option can be given multiple times.
1129
1130 @end table
1131
1132 Note: Legacy stand-alone options -tftp, -bootp, -smb and -redir are still
1133 processed and applied to -net user. Mixing them with the new configuration
1134 syntax gives undefined results. Their use for new applications is discouraged
1135 as they will be removed from future versions.
1136
1137 @item -net tap[,vlan=@var{n}][,name=@var{name}][,fd=@var{h}][,ifname=@var{name}] [,script=@var{file}][,downscript=@var{dfile}]
1138 Connect the host TAP network interface @var{name} to VLAN @var{n}, use
1139 the network script @var{file} to configure it and the network script
1140 @var{dfile} to deconfigure it. If @var{name} is not provided, the OS
1141 automatically provides one. @option{fd}=@var{h} can be used to specify
1142 the handle of an already opened host TAP interface. The default network
1143 configure script is @file{/etc/qemu-ifup} and the default network
1144 deconfigure script is @file{/etc/qemu-ifdown}. Use @option{script=no}
1145 or @option{downscript=no} to disable script execution. Example:
1146
1147 @example
1148 qemu linux.img -net nic -net tap
1149 @end example
1150
1151 More complicated example (two NICs, each one connected to a TAP device)
1152 @example
1153 qemu linux.img -net nic,vlan=0 -net tap,vlan=0,ifname=tap0 \
1154                -net nic,vlan=1 -net tap,vlan=1,ifname=tap1
1155 @end example
1156
1157 @item -net socket[,vlan=@var{n}][,name=@var{name}][,fd=@var{h}] [,listen=[@var{host}]:@var{port}][,connect=@var{host}:@var{port}]
1158
1159 Connect the VLAN @var{n} to a remote VLAN in another QEMU virtual
1160 machine using a TCP socket connection. If @option{listen} is
1161 specified, QEMU waits for incoming connections on @var{port}
1162 (@var{host} is optional). @option{connect} is used to connect to
1163 another QEMU instance using the @option{listen} option. @option{fd}=@var{h}
1164 specifies an already opened TCP socket.
1165
1166 Example:
1167 @example
1168 # launch a first QEMU instance
1169 qemu linux.img -net nic,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:56 \
1170                -net socket,listen=:1234
1171 # connect the VLAN 0 of this instance to the VLAN 0
1172 # of the first instance
1173 qemu linux.img -net nic,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:57 \
1174                -net socket,connect=127.0.0.1:1234
1175 @end example
1176
1177 @item -net socket[,vlan=@var{n}][,name=@var{name}][,fd=@var{h}] [,mcast=@var{maddr}:@var{port}]
1178
1179 Create a VLAN @var{n} shared with another QEMU virtual
1180 machines using a UDP multicast socket, effectively making a bus for
1181 every QEMU with same multicast address @var{maddr} and @var{port}.
1182 NOTES:
1183 @enumerate
1184 @item
1185 Several QEMU can be running on different hosts and share same bus (assuming
1186 correct multicast setup for these hosts).
1187 @item
1188 mcast support is compatible with User Mode Linux (argument @option{eth@var{N}=mcast}), see
1189 @url{http://user-mode-linux.sf.net}.
1190 @item
1191 Use @option{fd=h} to specify an already opened UDP multicast socket.
1192 @end enumerate
1193
1194 Example:
1195 @example
1196 # launch one QEMU instance
1197 qemu linux.img -net nic,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:56 \
1198                -net socket,mcast=230.0.0.1:1234
1199 # launch another QEMU instance on same "bus"
1200 qemu linux.img -net nic,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:57 \
1201                -net socket,mcast=230.0.0.1:1234
1202 # launch yet another QEMU instance on same "bus"
1203 qemu linux.img -net nic,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:58 \
1204                -net socket,mcast=230.0.0.1:1234
1205 @end example
1206
1207 Example (User Mode Linux compat.):
1208 @example
1209 # launch QEMU instance (note mcast address selected
1210 # is UML's default)
1211 qemu linux.img -net nic,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:56 \
1212                -net socket,mcast=239.192.168.1:1102
1213 # launch UML
1214 /path/to/linux ubd0=/path/to/root_fs eth0=mcast
1215 @end example
1216
1217 @item -net vde[,vlan=@var{n}][,name=@var{name}][,sock=@var{socketpath}] [,port=@var{n}][,group=@var{groupname}][,mode=@var{octalmode}]
1218 Connect VLAN @var{n} to PORT @var{n} of a vde switch running on host and
1219 listening for incoming connections on @var{socketpath}. Use GROUP @var{groupname}
1220 and MODE @var{octalmode} to change default ownership and permissions for
1221 communication port. This option is available only if QEMU has been compiled
1222 with vde support enabled.
1223
1224 Example:
1225 @example
1226 # launch vde switch
1227 vde_switch -F -sock /tmp/myswitch
1228 # launch QEMU instance
1229 qemu linux.img -net nic -net vde,sock=/tmp/myswitch
1230 @end example
1231
1232 @item -net dump[,vlan=@var{n}][,file=@var{file}][,len=@var{len}]
1233 Dump network traffic on VLAN @var{n} to file @var{file} (@file{qemu-vlan0.pcap} by default).
1234 At most @var{len} bytes (64k by default) per packet are stored. The file format is
1235 libpcap, so it can be analyzed with tools such as tcpdump or Wireshark.
1236
1237 @item -net none
1238 Indicate that no network devices should be configured. It is used to
1239 override the default configuration (@option{-net nic -net user}) which
1240 is activated if no @option{-net} options are provided.
1241
1242 @end table
1243 ETEXI
1244
1245 DEFHEADING()
1246
1247 DEFHEADING(Character device options:)
1248
1249 DEF("chardev", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_chardev,
1250     "-chardev null,id=id[,mux=on|off]\n"
1251     "-chardev socket,id=id[,host=host],port=host[,to=to][,ipv4][,ipv6][,nodelay]\n"
1252     "         [,server][,nowait][,telnet][,mux=on|off] (tcp)\n"
1253     "-chardev socket,id=id,path=path[,server][,nowait][,telnet],[mux=on|off] (unix)\n"
1254     "-chardev udp,id=id[,host=host],port=port[,localaddr=localaddr]\n"
1255     "         [,localport=localport][,ipv4][,ipv6][,mux=on|off]\n"
1256     "-chardev msmouse,id=id[,mux=on|off]\n"
1257     "-chardev vc,id=id[[,width=width][,height=height]][[,cols=cols][,rows=rows]]\n"
1258     "         [,mux=on|off]\n"
1259     "-chardev file,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off]\n"
1260     "-chardev pipe,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off]\n"
1261 #ifdef _WIN32
1262     "-chardev console,id=id[,mux=on|off]\n"
1263     "-chardev serial,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off]\n"
1264 #else
1265     "-chardev pty,id=id[,mux=on|off]\n"
1266     "-chardev stdio,id=id[,mux=on|off]\n"
1267 #endif
1268 #ifdef CONFIG_BRLAPI
1269     "-chardev braille,id=id[,mux=on|off]\n"
1270 #endif
1271 #if defined(__linux__) || defined(__sun__) || defined(__FreeBSD__) \
1272         || defined(__NetBSD__) || defined(__OpenBSD__) || defined(__DragonFly__)
1273     "-chardev tty,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off]\n"
1274 #endif
1275 #if defined(__linux__) || defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__DragonFly__)
1276     "-chardev parport,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off]\n"
1277 #endif
1278     , QEMU_ARCH_ALL
1279 )
1280
1281 STEXI
1282
1283 The general form of a character device option is:
1284 @table @option
1285
1286 @item -chardev @var{backend} ,id=@var{id} [,mux=on|off] [,@var{options}]
1287 @findex -chardev
1288 Backend is one of:
1289 @option{null},
1290 @option{socket},
1291 @option{udp},
1292 @option{msmouse},
1293 @option{vc},
1294 @option{file},
1295 @option{pipe},
1296 @option{console},
1297 @option{serial},
1298 @option{pty},
1299 @option{stdio},
1300 @option{braille},
1301 @option{tty},
1302 @option{parport}.
1303 The specific backend will determine the applicable options.
1304
1305 All devices must have an id, which can be any string up to 127 characters long.
1306 It is used to uniquely identify this device in other command line directives.
1307
1308 A character device may be used in multiplexing mode by multiple front-ends.
1309 The key sequence of @key{Control-a} and @key{c} will rotate the input focus
1310 between attached front-ends. Specify @option{mux=on} to enable this mode.
1311
1312 Options to each backend are described below.
1313
1314 @item -chardev null ,id=@var{id}
1315 A void device. This device will not emit any data, and will drop any data it
1316 receives. The null backend does not take any options.
1317
1318 @item -chardev socket ,id=@var{id} [@var{TCP options} or @var{unix options}] [,server] [,nowait] [,telnet]
1319
1320 Create a two-way stream socket, which can be either a TCP or a unix socket. A
1321 unix socket will be created if @option{path} is specified. Behaviour is
1322 undefined if TCP options are specified for a unix socket.
1323
1324 @option{server} specifies that the socket shall be a listening socket.
1325
1326 @option{nowait} specifies that QEMU should not block waiting for a client to
1327 connect to a listening socket.
1328
1329 @option{telnet} specifies that traffic on the socket should interpret telnet
1330 escape sequences.
1331
1332 TCP and unix socket options are given below:
1333
1334 @table @option
1335
1336 @item TCP options: port=@var{port} [,host=@var{host}] [,to=@var{to}] [,ipv4] [,ipv6] [,nodelay]
1337
1338 @option{host} for a listening socket specifies the local address to be bound.
1339 For a connecting socket species the remote host to connect to. @option{host} is
1340 optional for listening sockets. If not specified it defaults to @code{0.0.0.0}.
1341
1342 @option{port} for a listening socket specifies the local port to be bound. For a
1343 connecting socket specifies the port on the remote host to connect to.
1344 @option{port} can be given as either a port number or a service name.
1345 @option{port} is required.
1346
1347 @option{to} is only relevant to listening sockets. If it is specified, and
1348 @option{port} cannot be bound, QEMU will attempt to bind to subsequent ports up
1349 to and including @option{to} until it succeeds. @option{to} must be specified
1350 as a port number.
1351
1352 @option{ipv4} and @option{ipv6} specify that either IPv4 or IPv6 must be used.
1353 If neither is specified the socket may use either protocol.
1354
1355 @option{nodelay} disables the Nagle algorithm.
1356
1357 @item unix options: path=@var{path}
1358
1359 @option{path} specifies the local path of the unix socket. @option{path} is
1360 required.
1361
1362 @end table
1363
1364 @item -chardev udp ,id=@var{id} [,host=@var{host}] ,port=@var{port} [,localaddr=@var{localaddr}] [,localport=@var{localport}] [,ipv4] [,ipv6]
1365
1366 Sends all traffic from the guest to a remote host over UDP.
1367
1368 @option{host} specifies the remote host to connect to. If not specified it
1369 defaults to @code{localhost}.
1370
1371 @option{port} specifies the port on the remote host to connect to. @option{port}
1372 is required.
1373
1374 @option{localaddr} specifies the local address to bind to. If not specified it
1375 defaults to @code{0.0.0.0}.
1376
1377 @option{localport} specifies the local port to bind to. If not specified any
1378 available local port will be used.
1379
1380 @option{ipv4} and @option{ipv6} specify that either IPv4 or IPv6 must be used.
1381 If neither is specified the device may use either protocol.
1382
1383 @item -chardev msmouse ,id=@var{id}
1384
1385 Forward QEMU's emulated msmouse events to the guest. @option{msmouse} does not
1386 take any options.
1387
1388 @item -chardev vc ,id=@var{id} [[,width=@var{width}] [,height=@var{height}]] [[,cols=@var{cols}] [,rows=@var{rows}]]
1389
1390 Connect to a QEMU text console. @option{vc} may optionally be given a specific
1391 size.
1392
1393 @option{width} and @option{height} specify the width and height respectively of
1394 the console, in pixels.
1395
1396 @option{cols} and @option{rows} specify that the console be sized to fit a text
1397 console with the given dimensions.
1398
1399 @item -chardev file ,id=@var{id} ,path=@var{path}
1400
1401 Log all traffic received from the guest to a file.
1402
1403 @option{path} specifies the path of the file to be opened. This file will be
1404 created if it does not already exist, and overwritten if it does. @option{path}
1405 is required.
1406
1407 @item -chardev pipe ,id=@var{id} ,path=@var{path}
1408
1409 Create a two-way connection to the guest. The behaviour differs slightly between
1410 Windows hosts and other hosts:
1411
1412 On Windows, a single duplex pipe will be created at
1413 @file{\\.pipe\@option{path}}.
1414
1415 On other hosts, 2 pipes will be created called @file{@option{path}.in} and
1416 @file{@option{path}.out}. Data written to @file{@option{path}.in} will be
1417 received by the guest. Data written by the guest can be read from
1418 @file{@option{path}.out}. QEMU will not create these fifos, and requires them to
1419 be present.
1420
1421 @option{path} forms part of the pipe path as described above. @option{path} is
1422 required.
1423
1424 @item -chardev console ,id=@var{id}
1425
1426 Send traffic from the guest to QEMU's standard output. @option{console} does not
1427 take any options.
1428
1429 @option{console} is only available on Windows hosts.
1430
1431 @item -chardev serial ,id=@var{id} ,path=@option{path}
1432
1433 Send traffic from the guest to a serial device on the host.
1434
1435 @option{serial} is
1436 only available on Windows hosts.
1437
1438 @option{path} specifies the name of the serial device to open.
1439
1440 @item -chardev pty ,id=@var{id}
1441
1442 Create a new pseudo-terminal on the host and connect to it. @option{pty} does
1443 not take any options.
1444
1445 @option{pty} is not available on Windows hosts.
1446
1447 @item -chardev stdio ,id=@var{id}
1448 Connect to standard input and standard output of the qemu process.
1449 @option{stdio} does not take any options. @option{stdio} is not available on
1450 Windows hosts.
1451
1452 @item -chardev braille ,id=@var{id}
1453
1454 Connect to a local BrlAPI server. @option{braille} does not take any options.
1455
1456 @item -chardev tty ,id=@var{id} ,path=@var{path}
1457
1458 Connect to a local tty device.
1459
1460 @option{tty} is only available on Linux, Sun, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD and
1461 DragonFlyBSD hosts.
1462
1463 @option{path} specifies the path to the tty. @option{path} is required.
1464
1465 @item -chardev parport ,id=@var{id} ,path=@var{path}
1466
1467 @option{parport} is only available on Linux, FreeBSD and DragonFlyBSD hosts.
1468
1469 Connect to a local parallel port.
1470
1471 @option{path} specifies the path to the parallel port device. @option{path} is
1472 required.
1473
1474 @end table
1475 ETEXI
1476
1477 DEFHEADING()
1478
1479 DEFHEADING(Bluetooth(R) options:)
1480
1481 DEF("bt", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_bt, \
1482     "-bt hci,null    dumb bluetooth HCI - doesn't respond to commands\n" \
1483     "-bt hci,host[:id]\n" \
1484     "                use host's HCI with the given name\n" \
1485     "-bt hci[,vlan=n]\n" \
1486     "                emulate a standard HCI in virtual scatternet 'n'\n" \
1487     "-bt vhci[,vlan=n]\n" \
1488     "                add host computer to virtual scatternet 'n' using VHCI\n" \
1489     "-bt device:dev[,vlan=n]\n" \
1490     "                emulate a bluetooth device 'dev' in scatternet 'n'\n",
1491     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1492 STEXI
1493 @table @option
1494
1495 @item -bt hci[...]
1496 @findex -bt
1497 Defines the function of the corresponding Bluetooth HCI.  -bt options
1498 are matched with the HCIs present in the chosen machine type.  For
1499 example when emulating a machine with only one HCI built into it, only
1500 the first @code{-bt hci[...]} option is valid and defines the HCI's
1501 logic.  The Transport Layer is decided by the machine type.  Currently
1502 the machines @code{n800} and @code{n810} have one HCI and all other
1503 machines have none.
1504
1505 @anchor{bt-hcis}
1506 The following three types are recognized:
1507
1508 @table @option
1509 @item -bt hci,null
1510 (default) The corresponding Bluetooth HCI assumes no internal logic
1511 and will not respond to any HCI commands or emit events.
1512
1513 @item -bt hci,host[:@var{id}]
1514 (@code{bluez} only) The corresponding HCI passes commands / events
1515 to / from the physical HCI identified by the name @var{id} (default:
1516 @code{hci0}) on the computer running QEMU.  Only available on @code{bluez}
1517 capable systems like Linux.
1518
1519 @item -bt hci[,vlan=@var{n}]
1520 Add a virtual, standard HCI that will participate in the Bluetooth
1521 scatternet @var{n} (default @code{0}).  Similarly to @option{-net}
1522 VLANs, devices inside a bluetooth network @var{n} can only communicate
1523 with other devices in the same network (scatternet).
1524 @end table
1525
1526 @item -bt vhci[,vlan=@var{n}]
1527 (Linux-host only) Create a HCI in scatternet @var{n} (default 0) attached
1528 to the host bluetooth stack instead of to the emulated target.  This
1529 allows the host and target machines to participate in a common scatternet
1530 and communicate.  Requires the Linux @code{vhci} driver installed.  Can
1531 be used as following:
1532
1533 @example
1534 qemu [...OPTIONS...] -bt hci,vlan=5 -bt vhci,vlan=5
1535 @end example
1536
1537 @item -bt device:@var{dev}[,vlan=@var{n}]
1538 Emulate a bluetooth device @var{dev} and place it in network @var{n}
1539 (default @code{0}).  QEMU can only emulate one type of bluetooth devices
1540 currently:
1541
1542 @table @option
1543 @item keyboard
1544 Virtual wireless keyboard implementing the HIDP bluetooth profile.
1545 @end table
1546 @end table
1547 ETEXI
1548
1549 DEFHEADING()
1550
1551 DEFHEADING(Linux/Multiboot boot specific:)
1552 STEXI
1553
1554 When using these options, you can use a given Linux or Multiboot
1555 kernel without installing it in the disk image. It can be useful
1556 for easier testing of various kernels.
1557
1558 @table @option
1559 ETEXI
1560
1561 DEF("kernel", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_kernel, \
1562     "-kernel bzImage use 'bzImage' as kernel image\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1563 STEXI
1564 @item -kernel @var{bzImage}
1565 @findex -kernel
1566 Use @var{bzImage} as kernel image. The kernel can be either a Linux kernel
1567 or in multiboot format.
1568 ETEXI
1569
1570 DEF("append", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_append, \
1571     "-append cmdline use 'cmdline' as kernel command line\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1572 STEXI
1573 @item -append @var{cmdline}
1574 @findex -append
1575 Use @var{cmdline} as kernel command line
1576 ETEXI
1577
1578 DEF("initrd", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_initrd, \
1579            "-initrd file    use 'file' as initial ram disk\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1580 STEXI
1581 @item -initrd @var{file}
1582 @findex -initrd
1583 Use @var{file} as initial ram disk.
1584
1585 @item -initrd "@var{file1} arg=foo,@var{file2}"
1586
1587 This syntax is only available with multiboot.
1588
1589 Use @var{file1} and @var{file2} as modules and pass arg=foo as parameter to the
1590 first module.
1591 ETEXI
1592
1593 STEXI
1594 @end table
1595 ETEXI
1596
1597 DEFHEADING()
1598
1599 DEFHEADING(Debug/Expert options:)
1600
1601 STEXI
1602 @table @option
1603 ETEXI
1604
1605 DEF("serial", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_serial, \
1606     "-serial dev     redirect the serial port to char device 'dev'\n",
1607     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1608 STEXI
1609 @item -serial @var{dev}
1610 @findex -serial
1611 Redirect the virtual serial port to host character device
1612 @var{dev}. The default device is @code{vc} in graphical mode and
1613 @code{stdio} in non graphical mode.
1614
1615 This option can be used several times to simulate up to 4 serial
1616 ports.
1617
1618 Use @code{-serial none} to disable all serial ports.
1619
1620 Available character devices are:
1621 @table @option
1622 @item vc[:@var{W}x@var{H}]
1623 Virtual console. Optionally, a width and height can be given in pixel with
1624 @example
1625 vc:800x600
1626 @end example
1627 It is also possible to specify width or height in characters:
1628 @example
1629 vc:80Cx24C
1630 @end example
1631 @item pty
1632 [Linux only] Pseudo TTY (a new PTY is automatically allocated)
1633 @item none
1634 No device is allocated.
1635 @item null
1636 void device
1637 @item /dev/XXX
1638 [Linux only] Use host tty, e.g. @file{/dev/ttyS0}. The host serial port
1639 parameters are set according to the emulated ones.
1640 @item /dev/parport@var{N}
1641 [Linux only, parallel port only] Use host parallel port
1642 @var{N}. Currently SPP and EPP parallel port features can be used.
1643 @item file:@var{filename}
1644 Write output to @var{filename}. No character can be read.
1645 @item stdio
1646 [Unix only] standard input/output
1647 @item pipe:@var{filename}
1648 name pipe @var{filename}
1649 @item COM@var{n}
1650 [Windows only] Use host serial port @var{n}
1651 @item udp:[@var{remote_host}]:@var{remote_port}[@@[@var{src_ip}]:@var{src_port}]
1652 This implements UDP Net Console.
1653 When @var{remote_host} or @var{src_ip} are not specified
1654 they default to @code{0.0.0.0}.
1655 When not using a specified @var{src_port} a random port is automatically chosen.
1656
1657 If you just want a simple readonly console you can use @code{netcat} or
1658 @code{nc}, by starting qemu with: @code{-serial udp::4555} and nc as:
1659 @code{nc -u -l -p 4555}. Any time qemu writes something to that port it
1660 will appear in the netconsole session.
1661
1662 If you plan to send characters back via netconsole or you want to stop
1663 and start qemu a lot of times, you should have qemu use the same
1664 source port each time by using something like @code{-serial
1665 udp::4555@@:4556} to qemu. Another approach is to use a patched
1666 version of netcat which can listen to a TCP port and send and receive
1667 characters via udp.  If you have a patched version of netcat which
1668 activates telnet remote echo and single char transfer, then you can
1669 use the following options to step up a netcat redirector to allow
1670 telnet on port 5555 to access the qemu port.
1671 @table @code
1672 @item Qemu Options:
1673 -serial udp::4555@@:4556
1674 @item netcat options:
1675 -u -P 4555 -L 0.0.0.0:4556 -t -p 5555 -I -T
1676 @item telnet options:
1677 localhost 5555
1678 @end table
1679
1680 @item tcp:[@var{host}]:@var{port}[,@var{server}][,nowait][,nodelay]
1681 The TCP Net Console has two modes of operation.  It can send the serial
1682 I/O to a location or wait for a connection from a location.  By default
1683 the TCP Net Console is sent to @var{host} at the @var{port}.  If you use
1684 the @var{server} option QEMU will wait for a client socket application
1685 to connect to the port before continuing, unless the @code{nowait}
1686 option was specified.  The @code{nodelay} option disables the Nagle buffering
1687 algorithm.  If @var{host} is omitted, 0.0.0.0 is assumed. Only
1688 one TCP connection at a time is accepted. You can use @code{telnet} to
1689 connect to the corresponding character device.
1690 @table @code
1691 @item Example to send tcp console to 192.168.0.2 port 4444
1692 -serial tcp:192.168.0.2:4444
1693 @item Example to listen and wait on port 4444 for connection
1694 -serial tcp::4444,server
1695 @item Example to not wait and listen on ip 192.168.0.100 port 4444
1696 -serial tcp:192.168.0.100:4444,server,nowait
1697 @end table
1698
1699 @item telnet:@var{host}:@var{port}[,server][,nowait][,nodelay]
1700 The telnet protocol is used instead of raw tcp sockets.  The options
1701 work the same as if you had specified @code{-serial tcp}.  The
1702 difference is that the port acts like a telnet server or client using
1703 telnet option negotiation.  This will also allow you to send the
1704 MAGIC_SYSRQ sequence if you use a telnet that supports sending the break
1705 sequence.  Typically in unix telnet you do it with Control-] and then
1706 type "send break" followed by pressing the enter key.
1707
1708 @item unix:@var{path}[,server][,nowait]
1709 A unix domain socket is used instead of a tcp socket.  The option works the
1710 same as if you had specified @code{-serial tcp} except the unix domain socket
1711 @var{path} is used for connections.
1712
1713 @item mon:@var{dev_string}
1714 This is a special option to allow the monitor to be multiplexed onto
1715 another serial port.  The monitor is accessed with key sequence of
1716 @key{Control-a} and then pressing @key{c}. See monitor access
1717 @ref{pcsys_keys} in the -nographic section for more keys.
1718 @var{dev_string} should be any one of the serial devices specified
1719 above.  An example to multiplex the monitor onto a telnet server
1720 listening on port 4444 would be:
1721 @table @code
1722 @item -serial mon:telnet::4444,server,nowait
1723 @end table
1724
1725 @item braille
1726 Braille device.  This will use BrlAPI to display the braille output on a real
1727 or fake device.
1728
1729 @item msmouse
1730 Three button serial mouse. Configure the guest to use Microsoft protocol.
1731 @end table
1732 ETEXI
1733
1734 DEF("parallel", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_parallel, \
1735     "-parallel dev   redirect the parallel port to char device 'dev'\n",
1736     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1737 STEXI
1738 @item -parallel @var{dev}
1739 @findex -parallel
1740 Redirect the virtual parallel port to host device @var{dev} (same
1741 devices as the serial port). On Linux hosts, @file{/dev/parportN} can
1742 be used to use hardware devices connected on the corresponding host
1743 parallel port.
1744
1745 This option can be used several times to simulate up to 3 parallel
1746 ports.
1747
1748 Use @code{-parallel none} to disable all parallel ports.
1749 ETEXI
1750
1751 DEF("monitor", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_monitor, \
1752     "-monitor dev    redirect the monitor to char device 'dev'\n",
1753     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1754 STEXI
1755 @item -monitor @var{dev}
1756 @findex -monitor
1757 Redirect the monitor to host device @var{dev} (same devices as the
1758 serial port).
1759 The default device is @code{vc} in graphical mode and @code{stdio} in
1760 non graphical mode.
1761 ETEXI
1762 DEF("qmp", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_qmp, \
1763     "-qmp dev        like -monitor but opens in 'control' mode\n",
1764     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1765 STEXI
1766 @item -qmp @var{dev}
1767 @findex -qmp
1768 Like -monitor but opens in 'control' mode.
1769 ETEXI
1770
1771 DEF("mon", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_mon, \
1772     "-mon chardev=[name][,mode=readline|control][,default]\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1773 STEXI
1774 @item -mon chardev=[name][,mode=readline|control][,default]
1775 @findex -mon
1776 Setup monitor on chardev @var{name}.
1777 ETEXI
1778
1779 DEF("debugcon", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_debugcon, \
1780     "-debugcon dev   redirect the debug console to char device 'dev'\n",
1781     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1782 STEXI
1783 @item -debugcon @var{dev}
1784 @findex -debugcon
1785 Redirect the debug console to host device @var{dev} (same devices as the
1786 serial port).  The debug console is an I/O port which is typically port
1787 0xe9; writing to that I/O port sends output to this device.
1788 The default device is @code{vc} in graphical mode and @code{stdio} in
1789 non graphical mode.
1790 ETEXI
1791
1792 DEF("pidfile", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_pidfile, \
1793     "-pidfile file   write PID to 'file'\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1794 STEXI
1795 @item -pidfile @var{file}
1796 @findex -pidfile
1797 Store the QEMU process PID in @var{file}. It is useful if you launch QEMU
1798 from a script.
1799 ETEXI
1800
1801 DEF("singlestep", 0, QEMU_OPTION_singlestep, \
1802     "-singlestep     always run in singlestep mode\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1803 STEXI
1804 @item -singlestep
1805 @findex -singlestep
1806 Run the emulation in single step mode.
1807 ETEXI
1808
1809 DEF("S", 0, QEMU_OPTION_S, \
1810     "-S              freeze CPU at startup (use 'c' to start execution)\n",
1811     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1812 STEXI
1813 @item -S
1814 @findex -S
1815 Do not start CPU at startup (you must type 'c' in the monitor).
1816 ETEXI
1817
1818 DEF("gdb", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_gdb, \
1819     "-gdb dev        wait for gdb connection on 'dev'\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1820 STEXI
1821 @item -gdb @var{dev}
1822 @findex -gdb
1823 Wait for gdb connection on device @var{dev} (@pxref{gdb_usage}). Typical
1824 connections will likely be TCP-based, but also UDP, pseudo TTY, or even
1825 stdio are reasonable use case. The latter is allowing to start qemu from
1826 within gdb and establish the connection via a pipe:
1827 @example
1828 (gdb) target remote | exec qemu -gdb stdio ...
1829 @end example
1830 ETEXI
1831
1832 DEF("s", 0, QEMU_OPTION_s, \
1833     "-s              shorthand for -gdb tcp::" DEFAULT_GDBSTUB_PORT "\n",
1834     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1835 STEXI
1836 @item -s
1837 @findex -s
1838 Shorthand for -gdb tcp::1234, i.e. open a gdbserver on TCP port 1234
1839 (@pxref{gdb_usage}).
1840 ETEXI
1841
1842 DEF("d", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_d, \
1843     "-d item1,...    output log to /tmp/qemu.log (use -d ? for a list of log items)\n",
1844     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1845 STEXI
1846 @item -d
1847 @findex -d
1848 Output log in /tmp/qemu.log
1849 ETEXI
1850
1851 DEF("hdachs", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_hdachs, \
1852     "-hdachs c,h,s[,t]\n" \
1853     "                force hard disk 0 physical geometry and the optional BIOS\n" \
1854     "                translation (t=none or lba) (usually qemu can guess them)\n",
1855     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1856 STEXI
1857 @item -hdachs @var{c},@var{h},@var{s},[,@var{t}]
1858 @findex -hdachs
1859 Force hard disk 0 physical geometry (1 <= @var{c} <= 16383, 1 <=
1860 @var{h} <= 16, 1 <= @var{s} <= 63) and optionally force the BIOS
1861 translation mode (@var{t}=none, lba or auto). Usually QEMU can guess
1862 all those parameters. This option is useful for old MS-DOS disk
1863 images.
1864 ETEXI
1865
1866 DEF("L", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_L, \
1867     "-L path         set the directory for the BIOS, VGA BIOS and keymaps\n",
1868     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1869 STEXI
1870 @item -L  @var{path}
1871 @findex -L
1872 Set the directory for the BIOS, VGA BIOS and keymaps.
1873 ETEXI
1874
1875 DEF("bios", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_bios, \
1876     "-bios file      set the filename for the BIOS\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1877 STEXI
1878 @item -bios @var{file}
1879 @findex -bios
1880 Set the filename for the BIOS.
1881 ETEXI
1882
1883 DEF("enable-kvm", 0, QEMU_OPTION_enable_kvm, \
1884     "-enable-kvm     enable KVM full virtualization support\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1885 STEXI
1886 @item -enable-kvm
1887 @findex -enable-kvm
1888 Enable KVM full virtualization support. This option is only available
1889 if KVM support is enabled when compiling.
1890 ETEXI
1891
1892 DEF("xen-domid", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_xen_domid,
1893     "-xen-domid id   specify xen guest domain id\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1894 DEF("xen-create", 0, QEMU_OPTION_xen_create,
1895     "-xen-create     create domain using xen hypercalls, bypassing xend\n"
1896     "                warning: should not be used when xend is in use\n",
1897     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1898 DEF("xen-attach", 0, QEMU_OPTION_xen_attach,
1899     "-xen-attach     attach to existing xen domain\n"
1900     "                xend will use this when starting qemu\n",
1901     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1902 STEXI
1903 @item -xen-domid @var{id}
1904 @findex -xen-domid
1905 Specify xen guest domain @var{id} (XEN only).
1906 @item -xen-create
1907 @findex -xen-create
1908 Create domain using xen hypercalls, bypassing xend.
1909 Warning: should not be used when xend is in use (XEN only).
1910 @item -xen-attach
1911 @findex -xen-attach
1912 Attach to existing xen domain.
1913 xend will use this when starting qemu (XEN only).
1914 ETEXI
1915
1916 DEF("no-reboot", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_reboot, \
1917     "-no-reboot      exit instead of rebooting\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1918 STEXI
1919 @item -no-reboot
1920 @findex -no-reboot
1921 Exit instead of rebooting.
1922 ETEXI
1923
1924 DEF("no-shutdown", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_shutdown, \
1925     "-no-shutdown    stop before shutdown\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1926 STEXI
1927 @item -no-shutdown
1928 @findex -no-shutdown
1929 Don't exit QEMU on guest shutdown, but instead only stop the emulation.
1930 This allows for instance switching to monitor to commit changes to the
1931 disk image.
1932 ETEXI
1933
1934 DEF("loadvm", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_loadvm, \
1935     "-loadvm [tag|id]\n" \
1936     "                start right away with a saved state (loadvm in monitor)\n",
1937     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1938 STEXI
1939 @item -loadvm @var{file}
1940 @findex -loadvm
1941 Start right away with a saved state (@code{loadvm} in monitor)
1942 ETEXI
1943
1944 #ifndef _WIN32
1945 DEF("daemonize", 0, QEMU_OPTION_daemonize, \
1946     "-daemonize      daemonize QEMU after initializing\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1947 #endif
1948 STEXI
1949 @item -daemonize
1950 @findex -daemonize
1951 Daemonize the QEMU process after initialization.  QEMU will not detach from
1952 standard IO until it is ready to receive connections on any of its devices.
1953 This option is a useful way for external programs to launch QEMU without having
1954 to cope with initialization race conditions.
1955 ETEXI
1956
1957 DEF("option-rom", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_option_rom, \
1958     "-option-rom rom load a file, rom, into the option ROM space\n",
1959     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1960 STEXI
1961 @item -option-rom @var{file}
1962 @findex -option-rom
1963 Load the contents of @var{file} as an option ROM.
1964 This option is useful to load things like EtherBoot.
1965 ETEXI
1966
1967 DEF("clock", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_clock, \
1968     "-clock          force the use of the given methods for timer alarm.\n" \
1969     "                To see what timers are available use -clock ?\n",
1970     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1971 STEXI
1972 @item -clock @var{method}
1973 @findex -clock
1974 Force the use of the given methods for timer alarm. To see what timers
1975 are available use -clock ?.
1976 ETEXI
1977
1978 HXCOMM Options deprecated by -rtc
1979 DEF("localtime", 0, QEMU_OPTION_localtime, "", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1980 DEF("startdate", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_startdate, "", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1981
1982 DEF("rtc", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_rtc, \
1983     "-rtc [base=utc|localtime|date][,clock=host|vm][,driftfix=none|slew]\n" \
1984     "                set the RTC base and clock, enable drift fix for clock ticks (x86 only)\n",
1985     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
1986
1987 STEXI
1988
1989 @item -rtc [base=utc|localtime|@var{date}][,clock=host|vm][,driftfix=none|slew]
1990 @findex -rtc
1991 Specify @option{base} as @code{utc} or @code{localtime} to let the RTC start at the current
1992 UTC or local time, respectively. @code{localtime} is required for correct date in
1993 MS-DOS or Windows. To start at a specific point in time, provide @var{date} in the
1994 format @code{2006-06-17T16:01:21} or @code{2006-06-17}. The default base is UTC.
1995
1996 By default the RTC is driven by the host system time. This allows to use the
1997 RTC as accurate reference clock inside the guest, specifically if the host
1998 time is smoothly following an accurate external reference clock, e.g. via NTP.
1999 If you want to isolate the guest time from the host, even prevent it from
2000 progressing during suspension, you can set @option{clock} to @code{vm} instead.
2001
2002 Enable @option{driftfix} (i386 targets only) if you experience time drift problems,
2003 specifically with Windows' ACPI HAL. This option will try to figure out how
2004 many timer interrupts were not processed by the Windows guest and will
2005 re-inject them.
2006 ETEXI
2007
2008 DEF("icount", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_icount, \
2009     "-icount [N|auto]\n" \
2010     "                enable virtual instruction counter with 2^N clock ticks per\n" \
2011     "                instruction\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
2012 STEXI
2013 @item -icount [@var{N}|auto]
2014 @findex -icount
2015 Enable virtual instruction counter.  The virtual cpu will execute one
2016 instruction every 2^@var{N} ns of virtual time.  If @code{auto} is specified
2017 then the virtual cpu speed will be automatically adjusted to keep virtual
2018 time within a few seconds of real time.
2019
2020 Note that while this option can give deterministic behavior, it does not
2021 provide cycle accurate emulation.  Modern CPUs contain superscalar out of
2022 order cores with complex cache hierarchies.  The number of instructions
2023 executed often has little or no correlation with actual performance.
2024 ETEXI
2025
2026 DEF("watchdog", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_watchdog, \
2027     "-watchdog i6300esb|ib700\n" \
2028     "                enable virtual hardware watchdog [default=none]\n",
2029     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
2030 STEXI
2031 @item -watchdog @var{model}
2032 @findex -watchdog
2033 Create a virtual hardware watchdog device.  Once enabled (by a guest
2034 action), the watchdog must be periodically polled by an agent inside
2035 the guest or else the guest will be restarted.
2036
2037 The @var{model} is the model of hardware watchdog to emulate.  Choices
2038 for model are: @code{ib700} (iBASE 700) which is a very simple ISA
2039 watchdog with a single timer, or @code{i6300esb} (Intel 6300ESB I/O
2040 controller hub) which is a much more featureful PCI-based dual-timer
2041 watchdog.  Choose a model for which your guest has drivers.
2042
2043 Use @code{-watchdog ?} to list available hardware models.  Only one
2044 watchdog can be enabled for a guest.
2045 ETEXI
2046
2047 DEF("watchdog-action", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_watchdog_action, \
2048     "-watchdog-action reset|shutdown|poweroff|pause|debug|none\n" \
2049     "                action when watchdog fires [default=reset]\n",
2050     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
2051 STEXI
2052 @item -watchdog-action @var{action}
2053
2054 The @var{action} controls what QEMU will do when the watchdog timer
2055 expires.
2056 The default is
2057 @code{reset} (forcefully reset the guest).
2058 Other possible actions are:
2059 @code{shutdown} (attempt to gracefully shutdown the guest),
2060 @code{poweroff} (forcefully poweroff the guest),
2061 @code{pause} (pause the guest),
2062 @code{debug} (print a debug message and continue), or
2063 @code{none} (do nothing).
2064
2065 Note that the @code{shutdown} action requires that the guest responds
2066 to ACPI signals, which it may not be able to do in the sort of
2067 situations where the watchdog would have expired, and thus
2068 @code{-watchdog-action shutdown} is not recommended for production use.
2069
2070 Examples:
2071
2072 @table @code
2073 @item -watchdog i6300esb -watchdog-action pause
2074 @item -watchdog ib700
2075 @end table
2076 ETEXI
2077
2078 DEF("echr", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_echr, \
2079     "-echr chr       set terminal escape character instead of ctrl-a\n",
2080     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
2081 STEXI
2082
2083 @item -echr @var{numeric_ascii_value}
2084 @findex -echr
2085 Change the escape character used for switching to the monitor when using
2086 monitor and serial sharing.  The default is @code{0x01} when using the
2087 @code{-nographic} option.  @code{0x01} is equal to pressing
2088 @code{Control-a}.  You can select a different character from the ascii
2089 control keys where 1 through 26 map to Control-a through Control-z.  For
2090 instance you could use the either of the following to change the escape
2091 character to Control-t.
2092 @table @code
2093 @item -echr 0x14
2094 @item -echr 20
2095 @end table
2096 ETEXI
2097
2098 DEF("virtioconsole", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_virtiocon, \
2099     "-virtioconsole c\n" \
2100     "                set virtio console\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
2101 STEXI
2102 @item -virtioconsole @var{c}
2103 @findex -virtioconsole
2104 Set virtio console.
2105
2106 This option is maintained for backward compatibility.
2107
2108 Please use @code{-device virtconsole} for the new way of invocation.
2109 ETEXI
2110
2111 DEF("show-cursor", 0, QEMU_OPTION_show_cursor, \
2112     "-show-cursor    show cursor\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
2113 STEXI
2114 @item -show-cursor
2115 @findex -show-cursor
2116 Show cursor.
2117 ETEXI
2118
2119 DEF("tb-size", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_tb_size, \
2120     "-tb-size n      set TB size\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
2121 STEXI
2122 @item -tb-size @var{n}
2123 @findex -tb-size
2124 Set TB size.
2125 ETEXI
2126
2127 DEF("incoming", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_incoming, \
2128     "-incoming p     prepare for incoming migration, listen on port p\n",
2129     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
2130 STEXI
2131 @item -incoming @var{port}
2132 @findex -incoming
2133 Prepare for incoming migration, listen on @var{port}.
2134 ETEXI
2135
2136 DEF("nodefaults", 0, QEMU_OPTION_nodefaults, \
2137     "-nodefaults     don't create default devices\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
2138 STEXI
2139 @item -nodefaults
2140 @findex -nodefaults
2141 Don't create default devices.
2142 ETEXI
2143
2144 #ifndef _WIN32
2145 DEF("chroot", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_chroot, \
2146     "-chroot dir     chroot to dir just before starting the VM\n",
2147     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
2148 #endif
2149 STEXI
2150 @item -chroot @var{dir}
2151 @findex -chroot
2152 Immediately before starting guest execution, chroot to the specified
2153 directory.  Especially useful in combination with -runas.
2154 ETEXI
2155
2156 #ifndef _WIN32
2157 DEF("runas", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_runas, \
2158     "-runas user     change to user id user just before starting the VM\n",
2159     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
2160 #endif
2161 STEXI
2162 @item -runas @var{user}
2163 @findex -runas
2164 Immediately before starting guest execution, drop root privileges, switching
2165 to the specified user.
2166 ETEXI
2167
2168 DEF("prom-env", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_prom_env,
2169     "-prom-env variable=value\n"
2170     "                set OpenBIOS nvram variables\n",
2171     QEMU_ARCH_PPC | QEMU_ARCH_SPARC)
2172 STEXI
2173 @item -prom-env @var{variable}=@var{value}
2174 @findex -prom-env
2175 Set OpenBIOS nvram @var{variable} to given @var{value} (PPC, SPARC only).
2176 ETEXI
2177 DEF("semihosting", 0, QEMU_OPTION_semihosting,
2178     "-semihosting    semihosting mode\n", QEMU_ARCH_ARM | QEMU_ARCH_M68K)
2179 STEXI
2180 @item -semihosting
2181 @findex -semihosting
2182 Semihosting mode (ARM, M68K only).
2183 ETEXI
2184 DEF("old-param", 0, QEMU_OPTION_old_param,
2185     "-old-param      old param mode\n", QEMU_ARCH_ARM)
2186 STEXI
2187 @item -old-param
2188 @findex -old-param (ARM)
2189 Old param mode (ARM only).
2190 ETEXI
2191
2192 DEF("readconfig", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_readconfig,
2193     "-readconfig <file>\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
2194 STEXI
2195 @item -readconfig @var{file}
2196 @findex -readconfig
2197 Read device configuration from @var{file}.
2198 ETEXI
2199 DEF("writeconfig", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_writeconfig,
2200     "-writeconfig <file>\n"
2201     "                read/write config file\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
2202 STEXI
2203 @item -writeconfig @var{file}
2204 @findex -writeconfig
2205 Write device configuration to @var{file}.
2206 ETEXI
2207 DEF("nodefconfig", 0, QEMU_OPTION_nodefconfig,
2208     "-nodefconfig\n"
2209     "                do not load default config files at startup\n",
2210     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
2211 STEXI
2212 @item -nodefconfig
2213 @findex -nodefconfig
2214 Normally QEMU loads a configuration file from @var{sysconfdir}/qemu.conf and
2215 @var{sysconfdir}/target-@var{ARCH}.conf on startup.  The @code{-nodefconfig}
2216 option will prevent QEMU from loading these configuration files at startup.
2217 ETEXI
2218
2219 DEF("no-kvm", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_kvm,
2220     "-no-kvm         disable KVM hardware virtualization\n",
2221     QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
2222 DEF("no-kvm-irqchip", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_kvm_irqchip,
2223     "-no-kvm-irqchip disable KVM kernel mode PIC/IOAPIC/LAPIC\n",
2224     QEMU_ARCH_I386)
2225 DEF("no-kvm-pit", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_kvm_pit,
2226     "-no-kvm-pit     disable KVM kernel mode PIT\n",
2227     QEMU_ARCH_I386)
2228 DEF("no-kvm-pit-reinjection", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_kvm_pit_reinjection,
2229     "-no-kvm-pit-reinjection\n"
2230     "                disable KVM kernel mode PIT interrupt reinjection\n",
2231     QEMU_ARCH_I386)
2232 DEF("pcidevice", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_pcidevice,
2233     "-pcidevice host=[seg:]bus:dev.func[,dma=none][,name=string]\n"
2234     "                expose a PCI device to the guest OS\n"
2235     "                dma=none: don't perform any dma translations (default is to use an iommu)\n"
2236     "                'string' is used in log output\n", QEMU_ARCH_I386)
2237 DEF("enable-nesting", 0, QEMU_OPTION_enable_nesting,
2238     "-enable-nesting enable support for running a VM inside the VM (AMD only)\n", QEMU_ARCH_I386)
2239 DEF("nvram", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_nvram,
2240     "-nvram FILE     provide ia64 nvram contents\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
2241 DEF("tdf", 0, QEMU_OPTION_tdf,
2242     "-tdf            enable guest time drift compensation\n", QEMU_ARCH_ALL)
2243 DEF("kvm-shadow-memory", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_kvm_shadow_memory,
2244     "-kvm-shadow-memory MEGABYTES\n"
2245     "                allocate MEGABYTES for kvm mmu shadowing\n",
2246     QEMU_ARCH_I386)
2247
2248 HXCOMM This is the last statement. Insert new options before this line!
2249 STEXI
2250 @end table
2251 ETEXI