2 * Physical memory management API
4 * Copyright 2011 Red Hat, Inc. and/or its affiliates
7 * Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com>
9 * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2. See
10 * the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
17 #ifndef CONFIG_USER_ONLY
21 #include "qemu-common.h"
22 #include "cpu-common.h"
24 #include "qemu-queue.h"
29 typedef struct MemoryRegionOps MemoryRegionOps
;
30 typedef struct MemoryRegion MemoryRegion
;
31 typedef struct MemoryRegionPortio MemoryRegionPortio
;
32 typedef struct MemoryRegionMmio MemoryRegionMmio
;
34 /* Must match *_DIRTY_FLAGS in cpu-all.h. To be replaced with dynamic
37 #define DIRTY_MEMORY_VGA 0
38 #define DIRTY_MEMORY_CODE 1
39 #define DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION 3
41 struct MemoryRegionMmio
{
42 CPUReadMemoryFunc
*read
[3];
43 CPUWriteMemoryFunc
*write
[3];
47 * Memory region callbacks
49 struct MemoryRegionOps
{
50 /* Read from the memory region. @addr is relative to @mr; @size is
52 uint64_t (*read
)(void *opaque
,
53 target_phys_addr_t addr
,
55 /* Write to the memory region. @addr is relative to @mr; @size is
57 void (*write
)(void *opaque
,
58 target_phys_addr_t addr
,
62 enum device_endian endianness
;
63 /* Guest-visible constraints: */
65 /* If nonzero, specify bounds on access sizes beyond which a machine
68 unsigned min_access_size
;
69 unsigned max_access_size
;
70 /* If true, unaligned accesses are supported. Otherwise unaligned
71 * accesses throw machine checks.
75 * If present, and returns #false, the transaction is not accepted
76 * by the device (and results in machine dependent behaviour such
77 * as a machine check exception).
79 bool (*accepts
)(void *opaque
, target_phys_addr_t addr
,
80 unsigned size
, bool is_write
);
82 /* Internal implementation constraints: */
84 /* If nonzero, specifies the minimum size implemented. Smaller sizes
85 * will be rounded upwards and a partial result will be returned.
87 unsigned min_access_size
;
88 /* If nonzero, specifies the maximum size implemented. Larger sizes
89 * will be done as a series of accesses with smaller sizes.
91 unsigned max_access_size
;
92 /* If true, unaligned accesses are supported. Otherwise all accesses
93 * are converted to (possibly multiple) naturally aligned accesses.
98 /* If .read and .write are not present, old_portio may be used for
99 * backwards compatibility with old portio registration
101 const MemoryRegionPortio
*old_portio
;
102 /* If .read and .write are not present, old_mmio may be used for
103 * backwards compatibility with old mmio registration
105 const MemoryRegionMmio old_mmio
;
108 typedef struct CoalescedMemoryRange CoalescedMemoryRange
;
109 typedef struct MemoryRegionIoeventfd MemoryRegionIoeventfd
;
111 struct MemoryRegion
{
112 /* All fields are private - violators will be prosecuted */
113 const MemoryRegionOps
*ops
;
115 MemoryRegion
*parent
;
117 target_phys_addr_t addr
;
118 target_phys_addr_t offset
;
119 bool backend_registered
;
120 void (*destructor
)(MemoryRegion
*mr
);
126 bool readonly
; /* For RAM regions */
129 target_phys_addr_t alias_offset
;
132 QTAILQ_HEAD(subregions
, MemoryRegion
) subregions
;
133 QTAILQ_ENTRY(MemoryRegion
) subregions_link
;
134 QTAILQ_HEAD(coalesced_ranges
, CoalescedMemoryRange
) coalesced
;
136 uint8_t dirty_log_mask
;
137 unsigned ioeventfd_nb
;
138 MemoryRegionIoeventfd
*ioeventfds
;
141 struct MemoryRegionPortio
{
145 IOPortReadFunc
*read
;
146 IOPortWriteFunc
*write
;
149 #define PORTIO_END_OF_LIST() { }
151 typedef struct MemoryRegionSection MemoryRegionSection
;
154 * MemoryRegionSection: describes a fragment of a #MemoryRegion
156 * @mr: the region, or %NULL if empty
157 * @address_space: the address space the region is mapped in
158 * @offset_within_region: the beginning of the section, relative to @mr's start
159 * @size: the size of the section; will not exceed @mr's boundaries
160 * @offset_within_address_space: the address of the first byte of the section
161 * relative to the region's address space
163 struct MemoryRegionSection
{
165 MemoryRegion
*address_space
;
166 target_phys_addr_t offset_within_region
;
168 target_phys_addr_t offset_within_address_space
;
171 typedef struct MemoryListener MemoryListener
;
174 * MemoryListener: callbacks structure for updates to the physical memory map
176 * Allows a component to adjust to changes in the guest-visible memory map.
177 * Use with memory_listener_register() and memory_listener_unregister().
179 struct MemoryListener
{
180 void (*region_add
)(MemoryListener
*listener
, MemoryRegionSection
*section
);
181 void (*region_del
)(MemoryListener
*listener
, MemoryRegionSection
*section
);
182 void (*log_start
)(MemoryListener
*listener
, MemoryRegionSection
*section
);
183 void (*log_stop
)(MemoryListener
*listener
, MemoryRegionSection
*section
);
184 void (*log_sync
)(MemoryListener
*listener
, MemoryRegionSection
*section
);
185 void (*log_global_start
)(MemoryListener
*listener
);
186 void (*log_global_stop
)(MemoryListener
*listener
);
187 QLIST_ENTRY(MemoryListener
) link
;
191 * memory_region_init: Initialize a memory region
193 * The region typically acts as a container for other memory regions. Use
194 * memory_region_add_subregion() to add subregions.
196 * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized
197 * @name: used for debugging; not visible to the user or ABI
198 * @size: size of the region; any subregions beyond this size will be clipped
200 void memory_region_init(MemoryRegion
*mr
,
204 * memory_region_init_io: Initialize an I/O memory region.
206 * Accesses into the region will cause the callbacks in @ops to be called.
207 * if @size is nonzero, subregions will be clipped to @size.
209 * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized.
210 * @ops: a structure containing read and write callbacks to be used when
211 * I/O is performed on the region.
212 * @opaque: passed to to the read and write callbacks of the @ops structure.
213 * @name: used for debugging; not visible to the user or ABI
214 * @size: size of the region.
216 void memory_region_init_io(MemoryRegion
*mr
,
217 const MemoryRegionOps
*ops
,
223 * memory_region_init_ram: Initialize RAM memory region. Accesses into the
224 * region will modify memory directly.
226 * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized.
227 * @name: the name of the region.
228 * @size: size of the region.
230 void memory_region_init_ram(MemoryRegion
*mr
,
235 * memory_region_init_ram: Initialize RAM memory region from a user-provided.
236 * pointer. Accesses into the region will modify
239 * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized.
240 * @name: the name of the region.
241 * @size: size of the region.
242 * @ptr: memory to be mapped; must contain at least @size bytes.
244 void memory_region_init_ram_ptr(MemoryRegion
*mr
,
250 * memory_region_init_alias: Initialize a memory region that aliases all or a
251 * part of another memory region.
253 * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized.
254 * @name: used for debugging; not visible to the user or ABI
255 * @orig: the region to be referenced; @mr will be equivalent to
256 * @orig between @offset and @offset + @size - 1.
257 * @offset: start of the section in @orig to be referenced.
258 * @size: size of the region.
260 void memory_region_init_alias(MemoryRegion
*mr
,
263 target_phys_addr_t offset
,
267 * memory_region_init_rom_device: Initialize a ROM memory region. Writes are
268 * handled via callbacks.
270 * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized.
271 * @ops: callbacks for write access handling.
272 * @name: the name of the region.
273 * @size: size of the region.
275 void memory_region_init_rom_device(MemoryRegion
*mr
,
276 const MemoryRegionOps
*ops
,
282 * memory_region_destroy: Destroy a memory region and reclaim all resources.
284 * @mr: the region to be destroyed. May not currently be a subregion
285 * (see memory_region_add_subregion()) or referenced in an alias
286 * (see memory_region_init_alias()).
288 void memory_region_destroy(MemoryRegion
*mr
);
291 * memory_region_size: get a memory region's size.
293 * @mr: the memory region being queried.
295 uint64_t memory_region_size(MemoryRegion
*mr
);
298 * memory_region_is_ram: check whether a memory region is random access
300 * Returns %true is a memory region is random access.
302 * @mr: the memory region being queried
304 bool memory_region_is_ram(MemoryRegion
*mr
);
307 * memory_region_name: get a memory region's name
309 * Returns the string that was used to initialize the memory region.
311 * @mr: the memory region being queried
313 const char *memory_region_name(MemoryRegion
*mr
);
316 * memory_region_is_logging: return whether a memory region is logging writes
318 * Returns %true if the memory region is logging writes
320 * @mr: the memory region being queried
322 bool memory_region_is_logging(MemoryRegion
*mr
);
325 * memory_region_is_rom: check whether a memory region is ROM
327 * Returns %true is a memory region is read-only memory.
329 * @mr: the memory region being queried
331 bool memory_region_is_rom(MemoryRegion
*mr
);
334 * memory_region_get_ram_ptr: Get a pointer into a RAM memory region.
336 * Returns a host pointer to a RAM memory region (created with
337 * memory_region_init_ram() or memory_region_init_ram_ptr()). Use with
340 * @mr: the memory region being queried.
342 void *memory_region_get_ram_ptr(MemoryRegion
*mr
);
345 * memory_region_set_offset: Sets an offset to be added to MemoryRegionOps
348 * This function is deprecated and should not be used in new code.
350 void memory_region_set_offset(MemoryRegion
*mr
, target_phys_addr_t offset
);
353 * memory_region_set_log: Turn dirty logging on or off for a region.
355 * Turns dirty logging on or off for a specified client (display, migration).
356 * Only meaningful for RAM regions.
358 * @mr: the memory region being updated.
359 * @log: whether dirty logging is to be enabled or disabled.
360 * @client: the user of the logging information; %DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION or
363 void memory_region_set_log(MemoryRegion
*mr
, bool log
, unsigned client
);
366 * memory_region_get_dirty: Check whether a page is dirty for a specified
369 * Checks whether a page has been written to since the last
370 * call to memory_region_reset_dirty() with the same @client. Dirty logging
373 * @mr: the memory region being queried.
374 * @addr: the address (relative to the start of the region) being queried.
375 * @client: the user of the logging information; %DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION or
378 bool memory_region_get_dirty(MemoryRegion
*mr
, target_phys_addr_t addr
,
382 * memory_region_set_dirty: Mark a page as dirty in a memory region.
384 * Marks a page as dirty, after it has been dirtied outside guest code.
386 * @mr: the memory region being queried.
387 * @addr: the address (relative to the start of the region) being dirtied.
389 void memory_region_set_dirty(MemoryRegion
*mr
, target_phys_addr_t addr
);
392 * memory_region_sync_dirty_bitmap: Synchronize a region's dirty bitmap with
393 * any external TLBs (e.g. kvm)
395 * Flushes dirty information from accelerators such as kvm and vhost-net
396 * and makes it available to users of the memory API.
398 * @mr: the region being flushed.
400 void memory_region_sync_dirty_bitmap(MemoryRegion
*mr
);
403 * memory_region_reset_dirty: Mark a range of pages as clean, for a specified
406 * Marks a range of pages as no longer dirty.
408 * @mr: the region being updated.
409 * @addr: the start of the subrange being cleaned.
410 * @size: the size of the subrange being cleaned.
411 * @client: the user of the logging information; %DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION or
414 void memory_region_reset_dirty(MemoryRegion
*mr
, target_phys_addr_t addr
,
415 target_phys_addr_t size
, unsigned client
);
418 * memory_region_set_readonly: Turn a memory region read-only (or read-write)
420 * Allows a memory region to be marked as read-only (turning it into a ROM).
421 * only useful on RAM regions.
423 * @mr: the region being updated.
424 * @readonly: whether rhe region is to be ROM or RAM.
426 void memory_region_set_readonly(MemoryRegion
*mr
, bool readonly
);
429 * memory_region_rom_device_set_readable: enable/disable ROM readability
431 * Allows a ROM device (initialized with memory_region_init_rom_device() to
432 * to be marked as readable (default) or not readable. When it is readable,
433 * the device is mapped to guest memory. When not readable, reads are
434 * forwarded to the #MemoryRegion.read function.
436 * @mr: the memory region to be updated
437 * @readable: whether reads are satisified directly (%true) or via callbacks
440 void memory_region_rom_device_set_readable(MemoryRegion
*mr
, bool readable
);
443 * memory_region_set_coalescing: Enable memory coalescing for the region.
445 * Enabled writes to a region to be queued for later processing. MMIO ->write
446 * callbacks may be delayed until a non-coalesced MMIO is issued.
447 * Only useful for IO regions. Roughly similar to write-combining hardware.
449 * @mr: the memory region to be write coalesced
451 void memory_region_set_coalescing(MemoryRegion
*mr
);
454 * memory_region_add_coalescing: Enable memory coalescing for a sub-range of
457 * Like memory_region_set_coalescing(), but works on a sub-range of a region.
458 * Multiple calls can be issued coalesced disjoint ranges.
460 * @mr: the memory region to be updated.
461 * @offset: the start of the range within the region to be coalesced.
462 * @size: the size of the subrange to be coalesced.
464 void memory_region_add_coalescing(MemoryRegion
*mr
,
465 target_phys_addr_t offset
,
469 * memory_region_clear_coalescing: Disable MMIO coalescing for the region.
471 * Disables any coalescing caused by memory_region_set_coalescing() or
472 * memory_region_add_coalescing(). Roughly equivalent to uncacheble memory
475 * @mr: the memory region to be updated.
477 void memory_region_clear_coalescing(MemoryRegion
*mr
);
480 * memory_region_add_eventfd: Request an eventfd to be triggered when a word
481 * is written to a location.
483 * Marks a word in an IO region (initialized with memory_region_init_io())
484 * as a trigger for an eventfd event. The I/O callback will not be called.
485 * The caller must be prepared to handle failure (that is, take the required
486 * action if the callback _is_ called).
488 * @mr: the memory region being updated.
489 * @addr: the address within @mr that is to be monitored
490 * @size: the size of the access to trigger the eventfd
491 * @match_data: whether to match against @data, instead of just @addr
492 * @data: the data to match against the guest write
493 * @fd: the eventfd to be triggered when @addr, @size, and @data all match.
495 void memory_region_add_eventfd(MemoryRegion
*mr
,
496 target_phys_addr_t addr
,
503 * memory_region_del_eventfd: Cancel an eventfd.
505 * Cancels an eventfd trigger requested by a previous
506 * memory_region_add_eventfd() call.
508 * @mr: the memory region being updated.
509 * @addr: the address within @mr that is to be monitored
510 * @size: the size of the access to trigger the eventfd
511 * @match_data: whether to match against @data, instead of just @addr
512 * @data: the data to match against the guest write
513 * @fd: the eventfd to be triggered when @addr, @size, and @data all match.
515 void memory_region_del_eventfd(MemoryRegion
*mr
,
516 target_phys_addr_t addr
,
522 * memory_region_add_subregion: Add a subregion to a container.
524 * Adds a subregion at @offset. The subregion may not overlap with other
525 * subregions (except for those explicitly marked as overlapping). A region
526 * may only be added once as a subregion (unless removed with
527 * memory_region_del_subregion()); use memory_region_init_alias() if you
528 * want a region to be a subregion in multiple locations.
530 * @mr: the region to contain the new subregion; must be a container
531 * initialized with memory_region_init().
532 * @offset: the offset relative to @mr where @subregion is added.
533 * @subregion: the subregion to be added.
535 void memory_region_add_subregion(MemoryRegion
*mr
,
536 target_phys_addr_t offset
,
537 MemoryRegion
*subregion
);
539 * memory_region_add_subregion: Add a subregion to a container, with overlap.
541 * Adds a subregion at @offset. The subregion may overlap with other
542 * subregions. Conflicts are resolved by having a higher @priority hide a
543 * lower @priority. Subregions without priority are taken as @priority 0.
544 * A region may only be added once as a subregion (unless removed with
545 * memory_region_del_subregion()); use memory_region_init_alias() if you
546 * want a region to be a subregion in multiple locations.
548 * @mr: the region to contain the new subregion; must be a container
549 * initialized with memory_region_init().
550 * @offset: the offset relative to @mr where @subregion is added.
551 * @subregion: the subregion to be added.
552 * @priority: used for resolving overlaps; highest priority wins.
554 void memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(MemoryRegion
*mr
,
555 target_phys_addr_t offset
,
556 MemoryRegion
*subregion
,
560 * memory_region_get_ram_addr: Get the ram address associated with a memory
563 * DO NOT USE THIS FUCNTION. This is a temporary workaround while the Xen
564 * code is being reworked.
566 ram_addr_t
memory_region_get_ram_addr(MemoryRegion
*mr
);
569 * memory_region_del_subregion: Remove a subregion.
571 * Removes a subregion from its container.
573 * @mr: the container to be updated.
574 * @subregion: the region being removed; must be a current subregion of @mr.
576 void memory_region_del_subregion(MemoryRegion
*mr
,
577 MemoryRegion
*subregion
);
580 * memory_region_set_enabled: dynamically enable or disable a region
582 * Enables or disables a memory region. A disabled memory region
583 * ignores all accesses to itself and its subregions. It does not
584 * obscure sibling subregions with lower priority - it simply behaves as
585 * if it was removed from the hierarchy.
587 * Regions default to being enabled.
589 * @mr: the region to be updated
590 * @enabled: whether to enable or disable the region
592 void memory_region_set_enabled(MemoryRegion
*mr
, bool enabled
);
595 * memory_region_set_address: dynamically update the address of a region
597 * Dynamically updates the address of a region, relative to its parent.
598 * May be used on regions are currently part of a memory hierarchy.
600 * @mr: the region to be updated
601 * @addr: new address, relative to parent region
603 void memory_region_set_address(MemoryRegion
*mr
, target_phys_addr_t addr
);
606 * memory_region_set_alias_offset: dynamically update a memory alias's offset
608 * Dynamically updates the offset into the target region that an alias points
609 * to, as if the fourth argument to memory_region_init_alias() has changed.
611 * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be updated; should be an alias.
612 * @offset: the new offset into the target memory region
614 void memory_region_set_alias_offset(MemoryRegion
*mr
,
615 target_phys_addr_t offset
);
618 * memory_region_find: locate a MemoryRegion in an address space
620 * Locates the first #MemoryRegion within an address space given by
621 * @address_space that overlaps the range given by @addr and @size.
623 * Returns a #MemoryRegionSection that describes a contiguous overlap.
624 * It will have the following characteristics:
625 * .@offset_within_address_space >= @addr
626 * .@offset_within_address_space + .@size <= @addr + @size
627 * .@size = 0 iff no overlap was found
628 * .@mr is non-%NULL iff an overlap was found
630 * @address_space: a top-level (i.e. parentless) region that contains
631 * the region to be found
632 * @addr: start of the area within @address_space to be searched
633 * @size: size of the area to be searched
635 MemoryRegionSection
memory_region_find(MemoryRegion
*address_space
,
636 target_phys_addr_t addr
, uint64_t size
);
640 * memory_global_sync_dirty_bitmap: synchronize the dirty log for all memory
642 * Synchronizes the dirty page log for an entire address space.
643 * @address_space: a top-level (i.e. parentless) region that contains the
644 * memory being synchronized
646 void memory_global_sync_dirty_bitmap(MemoryRegion
*address_space
);
649 * memory_region_transaction_begin: Start a transaction.
651 * During a transaction, changes will be accumulated and made visible
652 * only when the transaction ends (is commited).
654 void memory_region_transaction_begin(void);
657 * memory_region_transaction_commit: Commit a transaction and make changes
658 * visible to the guest.
660 void memory_region_transaction_commit(void);
663 * memory_listener_register: register callbacks to be called when memory
664 * sections are mapped or unmapped into an address
667 * @listener: an object containing the callbacks to be called
669 void memory_listener_register(MemoryListener
*listener
);
672 * memory_listener_unregister: undo the effect of memory_listener_register()
674 * @listener: an object containing the callbacks to be removed
676 void memory_listener_unregister(MemoryListener
*listener
);
679 * memory_global_dirty_log_start: begin dirty logging for all regions
681 void memory_global_dirty_log_start(void);
684 * memory_global_dirty_log_stop: begin dirty logging for all regions
686 void memory_global_dirty_log_stop(void);
688 void mtree_info(fprintf_function mon_printf
, void *f
);