1 .. highlightlang:: none
3 .. _history-and-license:
10 History of the software
11 =======================
13 Python was created in the early 1990s by Guido van Rossum at Stichting
14 Mathematisch Centrum (CWI, see http://www.cwi.nl/) in the Netherlands as a
15 successor of a language called ABC. Guido remains Python's principal author,
16 although it includes many contributions from others.
18 In 1995, Guido continued his work on Python at the Corporation for National
19 Research Initiatives (CNRI, see http://www.cnri.reston.va.us/) in Reston,
20 Virginia where he released several versions of the software.
22 In May 2000, Guido and the Python core development team moved to BeOpen.com to
23 form the BeOpen PythonLabs team. In October of the same year, the PythonLabs
24 team moved to Digital Creations (now Zope Corporation; see
25 http://www.zope.com/). In 2001, the Python Software Foundation (PSF, see
26 http://www.python.org/psf/) was formed, a non-profit organization created
27 specifically to own Python-related Intellectual Property. Zope Corporation is a
28 sponsoring member of the PSF.
30 All Python releases are Open Source (see http://www.opensource.org/ for the Open
31 Source Definition). Historically, most, but not all, Python releases have also
32 been GPL-compatible; the table below summarizes the various releases.
34 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
35 | Release | Derived from | Year | Owner | GPL compatible? |
36 +================+==============+===========+============+=================+
37 | 0.9.0 thru 1.2 | n/a | 1991-1995 | CWI | yes |
38 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
39 | 1.3 thru 1.5.2 | 1.2 | 1995-1999 | CNRI | yes |
40 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
41 | 1.6 | 1.5.2 | 2000 | CNRI | no |
42 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
43 | 2.0 | 1.6 | 2000 | BeOpen.com | no |
44 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
45 | 1.6.1 | 1.6 | 2001 | CNRI | no |
46 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
47 | 2.1 | 2.0+1.6.1 | 2001 | PSF | no |
48 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
49 | 2.0.1 | 2.0+1.6.1 | 2001 | PSF | yes |
50 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
51 | 2.1.1 | 2.1+2.0.1 | 2001 | PSF | yes |
52 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
53 | 2.2 | 2.1.1 | 2001 | PSF | yes |
54 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
55 | 2.1.2 | 2.1.1 | 2002 | PSF | yes |
56 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
57 | 2.1.3 | 2.1.2 | 2002 | PSF | yes |
58 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
59 | 2.2.1 | 2.2 | 2002 | PSF | yes |
60 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
61 | 2.2.2 | 2.2.1 | 2002 | PSF | yes |
62 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
63 | 2.2.3 | 2.2.2 | 2002-2003 | PSF | yes |
64 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
65 | 2.3 | 2.2.2 | 2002-2003 | PSF | yes |
66 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
67 | 2.3.1 | 2.3 | 2002-2003 | PSF | yes |
68 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
69 | 2.3.2 | 2.3.1 | 2003 | PSF | yes |
70 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
71 | 2.3.3 | 2.3.2 | 2003 | PSF | yes |
72 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
73 | 2.3.4 | 2.3.3 | 2004 | PSF | yes |
74 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
75 | 2.3.5 | 2.3.4 | 2005 | PSF | yes |
76 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
77 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2004 | PSF | yes |
78 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
79 | 2.4.1 | 2.4 | 2005 | PSF | yes |
80 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
81 | 2.4.2 | 2.4.1 | 2005 | PSF | yes |
82 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
83 | 2.4.3 | 2.4.2 | 2006 | PSF | yes |
84 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
85 | 2.4.4 | 2.4.3 | 2006 | PSF | yes |
86 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
87 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2006 | PSF | yes |
88 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
89 | 2.5.1 | 2.5 | 2007 | PSF | yes |
90 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
91 | 2.5.2 | 2.5.1 | 2008 | PSF | yes |
92 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
93 | 2.5.3 | 2.5.2 | 2008 | PSF | yes |
94 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
95 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2008 | PSF | yes |
96 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
97 | 2.6.1 | 2.6 | 2008 | PSF | yes |
98 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
99 | 2.6.2 | 2.6.1 | 2009 | PSF | yes |
100 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
101 | 2.6.3 | 2.6.2 | 2009 | PSF | yes |
102 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
103 | 2.6.4 | 2.6.3 | 2010 | PSF | yes |
104 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
105 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2010 | PSF | yes |
106 +----------------+--------------+-----------+------------+-----------------+
110 GPL-compatible doesn't mean that we're distributing Python under the GPL. All
111 Python licenses, unlike the GPL, let you distribute a modified version without
112 making your changes open source. The GPL-compatible licenses make it possible to
113 combine Python with other software that is released under the GPL; the others
116 Thanks to the many outside volunteers who have worked under Guido's direction to
117 make these releases possible.
120 Terms and conditions for accessing or otherwise using Python
121 ============================================================
124 .. centered:: PSF LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON |release|
126 #. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Python Software Foundation ("PSF"), and
127 the Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using Python
128 |release| software in source or binary form and its associated documentation.
130 #. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, PSF hereby
131 grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce,
132 analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works,
133 distribute, and otherwise use Python |release| alone or in any derivative
134 version, provided, however, that PSF's License Agreement and PSF's notice of
135 copyright, i.e., "Copyright © 2001-2010 Python Software Foundation; All Rights
136 Reserved" are retained in Python |release| alone or in any derivative version
137 prepared by Licensee.
139 #. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on or
140 incorporates Python |release| or any part thereof, and wants to make the
141 derivative work available to others as provided herein, then Licensee hereby
142 agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of the changes made to Python
145 #. PSF is making Python |release| available to Licensee on an "AS IS" basis.
146 PSF MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. BY WAY OF
147 EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, PSF MAKES NO AND DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR
148 WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE
149 USE OF PYTHON |release| WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
151 #. PSF SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON |release|
152 FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS A RESULT OF
153 MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON |release|, OR ANY DERIVATIVE
154 THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
156 #. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material breach of
157 its terms and conditions.
159 #. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to create any relationship
160 of agency, partnership, or joint venture between PSF and Licensee. This License
161 Agreement does not grant permission to use PSF trademarks or trade name in a
162 trademark sense to endorse or promote products or services of Licensee, or any
165 #. By copying, installing or otherwise using Python |release|, Licensee agrees
166 to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License Agreement.
169 .. centered:: BEOPEN.COM LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 2.0
172 .. centered:: BEOPEN PYTHON OPEN SOURCE LICENSE AGREEMENT VERSION 1
174 #. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between BeOpen.com ("BeOpen"), having an office at
175 160 Saratoga Avenue, Santa Clara, CA 95051, and the Individual or Organization
176 ("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using this software in source or binary
177 form and its associated documentation ("the Software").
179 #. Subject to the terms and conditions of this BeOpen Python License Agreement,
180 BeOpen hereby grants Licensee a non-exclusive, royalty-free, world-wide license
181 to reproduce, analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, prepare derivative
182 works, distribute, and otherwise use the Software alone or in any derivative
183 version, provided, however, that the BeOpen Python License is retained in the
184 Software, alone or in any derivative version prepared by Licensee.
186 #. BeOpen is making the Software available to Licensee on an "AS IS" basis.
187 BEOPEN MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. BY WAY OF
188 EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, BEOPEN MAKES NO AND DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR
189 WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE
190 USE OF THE SOFTWARE WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
192 #. BEOPEN SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF THE SOFTWARE FOR
193 ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS A RESULT OF USING,
194 MODIFYING OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE, OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF
195 ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
197 #. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material breach of
198 its terms and conditions.
200 #. This License Agreement shall be governed by and interpreted in all respects
201 by the law of the State of California, excluding conflict of law provisions.
202 Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to create any relationship of
203 agency, partnership, or joint venture between BeOpen and Licensee. This License
204 Agreement does not grant permission to use BeOpen trademarks or trade names in a
205 trademark sense to endorse or promote products or services of Licensee, or any
206 third party. As an exception, the "BeOpen Python" logos available at
207 http://www.pythonlabs.com/logos.html may be used according to the permissions
208 granted on that web page.
210 #. By copying, installing or otherwise using the software, Licensee agrees to be
211 bound by the terms and conditions of this License Agreement.
214 .. centered:: CNRI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 1.6.1
216 #. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Corporation for National Research
217 Initiatives, having an office at 1895 Preston White Drive, Reston, VA 20191
218 ("CNRI"), and the Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and
219 otherwise using Python 1.6.1 software in source or binary form and its
220 associated documentation.
222 #. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, CNRI hereby
223 grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce,
224 analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works,
225 distribute, and otherwise use Python 1.6.1 alone or in any derivative version,
226 provided, however, that CNRI's License Agreement and CNRI's notice of copyright,
227 i.e., "Copyright © 1995-2001 Corporation for National Research Initiatives; All
228 Rights Reserved" are retained in Python 1.6.1 alone or in any derivative version
229 prepared by Licensee. Alternately, in lieu of CNRI's License Agreement,
230 Licensee may substitute the following text (omitting the quotes): "Python 1.6.1
231 is made available subject to the terms and conditions in CNRI's License
232 Agreement. This Agreement together with Python 1.6.1 may be located on the
233 Internet using the following unique, persistent identifier (known as a handle):
234 1895.22/1013. This Agreement may also be obtained from a proxy server on the
235 Internet using the following URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1895.22/1013."
237 #. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on or
238 incorporates Python 1.6.1 or any part thereof, and wants to make the derivative
239 work available to others as provided herein, then Licensee hereby agrees to
240 include in any such work a brief summary of the changes made to Python 1.6.1.
242 #. CNRI is making Python 1.6.1 available to Licensee on an "AS IS" basis. CNRI
243 MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE,
244 BUT NOT LIMITATION, CNRI MAKES NO AND DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY
245 OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF
246 PYTHON 1.6.1 WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.
248 #. CNRI SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON 1.6.1 FOR
249 ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS A RESULT OF
250 MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON 1.6.1, OR ANY DERIVATIVE
251 THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF.
253 #. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material breach of
254 its terms and conditions.
256 #. This License Agreement shall be governed by the federal intellectual property
257 law of the United States, including without limitation the federal copyright
258 law, and, to the extent such U.S. federal law does not apply, by the law of the
259 Commonwealth of Virginia, excluding Virginia's conflict of law provisions.
260 Notwithstanding the foregoing, with regard to derivative works based on Python
261 1.6.1 that incorporate non-separable material that was previously distributed
262 under the GNU General Public License (GPL), the law of the Commonwealth of
263 Virginia shall govern this License Agreement only as to issues arising under or
264 with respect to Paragraphs 4, 5, and 7 of this License Agreement. Nothing in
265 this License Agreement shall be deemed to create any relationship of agency,
266 partnership, or joint venture between CNRI and Licensee. This License Agreement
267 does not grant permission to use CNRI trademarks or trade name in a trademark
268 sense to endorse or promote products or services of Licensee, or any third
271 #. By clicking on the "ACCEPT" button where indicated, or by copying, installing
272 or otherwise using Python 1.6.1, Licensee agrees to be bound by the terms and
273 conditions of this License Agreement.
279 .. centered:: CWI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 0.9.0 THROUGH 1.2
281 Copyright © 1991 - 1995, Stichting Mathematisch Centrum Amsterdam, The
282 Netherlands. All rights reserved.
284 Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
285 documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted, provided that
286 the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that both that copyright
287 notice and this permission notice appear in supporting documentation, and that
288 the name of Stichting Mathematisch Centrum or CWI not be used in advertising or
289 publicity pertaining to distribution of the software without specific, written
292 STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS
293 SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS, IN NO
294 EVENT SHALL STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT
295 OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE,
296 DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
297 ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS
301 Licenses and Acknowledgements for Incorporated Software
302 =======================================================
304 This section is an incomplete, but growing list of licenses and acknowledgements
305 for third-party software incorporated in the Python distribution.
311 The :mod:`_random` module includes code based on a download from
312 http://www.math.keio.ac.jp/ matumoto/MT2002/emt19937ar.html. The following are
313 the verbatim comments from the original code::
315 A C-program for MT19937, with initialization improved 2002/1/26.
316 Coded by Takuji Nishimura and Makoto Matsumoto.
318 Before using, initialize the state by using init_genrand(seed)
319 or init_by_array(init_key, key_length).
321 Copyright (C) 1997 - 2002, Makoto Matsumoto and Takuji Nishimura,
324 Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
325 modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
328 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
329 notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
331 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
332 notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
333 documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
335 3. The names of its contributors may not be used to endorse or promote
336 products derived from this software without specific prior written
339 THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
340 "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
341 LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
342 A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
343 CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
344 EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
345 PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
346 PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
347 LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
348 NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
349 SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
352 Any feedback is very welcome.
353 http://www.math.keio.ac.jp/matumoto/emt.html
354 email: matumoto@math.keio.ac.jp
360 The :mod:`socket` module uses the functions, :func:`getaddrinfo`, and
361 :func:`getnameinfo`, which are coded in separate source files from the WIDE
362 Project, http://www.wide.ad.jp/. ::
364 Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, and 1998 WIDE Project.
367 Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
368 modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
370 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
371 notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
372 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
373 notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
374 documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
375 3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors
376 may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
377 without specific prior written permission.
379 THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
380 GAI_ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
381 IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
382 ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
383 FOR GAI_ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
384 DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
385 OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
386 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON GAI_ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
387 LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN GAI_ANY WAY
388 OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
392 Floating point exception control
393 --------------------------------
395 The source for the :mod:`fpectl` module includes the following notice::
397 ---------------------------------------------------------------------
398 / Copyright (c) 1996. \
399 | The Regents of the University of California. |
400 | All rights reserved. |
402 | Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for |
403 | any purpose without fee is hereby granted, provided that this en- |
404 | tire notice is included in all copies of any software which is or |
405 | includes a copy or modification of this software and in all |
406 | copies of the supporting documentation for such software. |
408 | This work was produced at the University of California, Lawrence |
409 | Livermore National Laboratory under contract no. W-7405-ENG-48 |
410 | between the U.S. Department of Energy and The Regents of the |
411 | University of California for the operation of UC LLNL. |
415 | This software was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an |
416 | agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States |
417 | Government nor the University of California nor any of their em- |
418 | ployees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any |
419 | liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or |
420 | usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process |
421 | disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe |
422 | privately-owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commer- |
423 | cial products, process, or service by trade name, trademark, |
424 | manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or |
425 | imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United |
426 | States Government or the University of California. The views and |
427 | opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or |
428 | reflect those of the United States Government or the University |
429 | of California, and shall not be used for advertising or product |
430 \ endorsement purposes. /
431 ---------------------------------------------------------------------
434 MD5 message digest algorithm
435 ----------------------------
437 The source code for the :mod:`md5` module contains the following notice::
439 Copyright (C) 1999, 2002 Aladdin Enterprises. All rights reserved.
441 This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied
442 warranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages
443 arising from the use of this software.
445 Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose,
446 including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute it
447 freely, subject to the following restrictions:
449 1. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not
450 claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this software
451 in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation would be
452 appreciated but is not required.
453 2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not be
454 misrepresented as being the original software.
455 3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source distribution.
460 Independent implementation of MD5 (RFC 1321).
462 This code implements the MD5 Algorithm defined in RFC 1321, whose
464 http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1321.txt
465 The code is derived from the text of the RFC, including the test suite
466 (section A.5) but excluding the rest of Appendix A. It does not include
467 any code or documentation that is identified in the RFC as being
470 The original and principal author of md5.h is L. Peter Deutsch
471 <ghost@aladdin.com>. Other authors are noted in the change history
472 that follows (in reverse chronological order):
474 2002-04-13 lpd Removed support for non-ANSI compilers; removed
475 references to Ghostscript; clarified derivation from RFC 1321;
476 now handles byte order either statically or dynamically.
477 1999-11-04 lpd Edited comments slightly for automatic TOC extraction.
478 1999-10-18 lpd Fixed typo in header comment (ansi2knr rather than md5);
479 added conditionalization for C++ compilation from Martin
480 Purschke <purschke@bnl.gov>.
481 1999-05-03 lpd Original version.
484 Asynchronous socket services
485 ----------------------------
487 The :mod:`asynchat` and :mod:`asyncore` modules contain the following notice::
489 Copyright 1996 by Sam Rushing
493 Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and
494 its documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby
495 granted, provided that the above copyright notice appear in all
496 copies and that both that copyright notice and this permission
497 notice appear in supporting documentation, and that the name of Sam
498 Rushing not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to
499 distribution of the software without specific, written prior
502 SAM RUSHING DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE,
503 INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS, IN
504 NO EVENT SHALL SAM RUSHING BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR
505 CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS
506 OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
507 NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN
508 CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
514 The :mod:`Cookie` module contains the following notice::
516 Copyright 2000 by Timothy O'Malley <timo@alum.mit.edu>
520 Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software
521 and its documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby
522 granted, provided that the above copyright notice appear in all
523 copies and that both that copyright notice and this permission
524 notice appear in supporting documentation, and that the name of
525 Timothy O'Malley not be used in advertising or publicity
526 pertaining to distribution of the software without specific, written
529 Timothy O'Malley DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS
530 SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
531 AND FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL Timothy O'Malley BE LIABLE FOR
532 ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
533 WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS,
534 WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
535 ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
536 PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
542 The :mod:`profile` and :mod:`pstats` modules contain the following notice::
544 Copyright 1994, by InfoSeek Corporation, all rights reserved.
545 Written by James Roskind
547 Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this Python software
548 and its associated documentation for any purpose (subject to the
549 restriction in the following sentence) without fee is hereby granted,
550 provided that the above copyright notice appears in all copies, and
551 that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
552 supporting documentation, and that the name of InfoSeek not be used in
553 advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution of the software
554 without specific, written prior permission. This permission is
555 explicitly restricted to the copying and modification of the software
556 to remain in Python, compiled Python, or other languages (such as C)
557 wherein the modified or derived code is exclusively imported into a
560 INFOSEEK CORPORATION DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS
561 SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
562 FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL INFOSEEK CORPORATION BE LIABLE FOR ANY
563 SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER
564 RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF
565 CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN
566 CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
572 The :mod:`trace` module contains the following notice::
574 portions copyright 2001, Autonomous Zones Industries, Inc., all rights...
575 err... reserved and offered to the public under the terms of the
577 Author: Zooko O'Whielacronx
579 mailto:zooko@zooko.com
581 Copyright 2000, Mojam Media, Inc., all rights reserved.
582 Author: Skip Montanaro
584 Copyright 1999, Bioreason, Inc., all rights reserved.
587 Copyright 1995-1997, Automatrix, Inc., all rights reserved.
588 Author: Skip Montanaro
590 Copyright 1991-1995, Stichting Mathematisch Centrum, all rights reserved.
593 Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this Python software and
594 its associated documentation for any purpose without fee is hereby
595 granted, provided that the above copyright notice appears in all copies,
596 and that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
597 supporting documentation, and that the name of neither Automatrix,
598 Bioreason or Mojam Media be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to
599 distribution of the software without specific, written prior permission.
602 UUencode and UUdecode functions
603 -------------------------------
605 The :mod:`uu` module contains the following notice::
607 Copyright 1994 by Lance Ellinghouse
608 Cathedral City, California Republic, United States of America.
610 Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
611 documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted,
612 provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that
613 both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in
614 supporting documentation, and that the name of Lance Ellinghouse
615 not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution
616 of the software without specific, written prior permission.
617 LANCE ELLINGHOUSE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO
618 THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
619 FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL LANCE ELLINGHOUSE CENTRUM BE LIABLE
620 FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
621 WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
622 ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
623 OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
625 Modified by Jack Jansen, CWI, July 1995:
626 - Use binascii module to do the actual line-by-line conversion
627 between ascii and binary. This results in a 1000-fold speedup. The C
628 version is still 5 times faster, though.
629 - Arguments more compliant with Python standard
632 XML Remote Procedure Calls
633 --------------------------
635 The :mod:`xmlrpclib` module contains the following notice::
637 The XML-RPC client interface is
639 Copyright (c) 1999-2002 by Secret Labs AB
640 Copyright (c) 1999-2002 by Fredrik Lundh
642 By obtaining, using, and/or copying this software and/or its
643 associated documentation, you agree that you have read, understood,
644 and will comply with the following terms and conditions:
646 Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and
647 its associated documentation for any purpose and without fee is
648 hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice appears in
649 all copies, and that both that copyright notice and this permission
650 notice appear in supporting documentation, and that the name of
651 Secret Labs AB or the author not be used in advertising or publicity
652 pertaining to distribution of the software without specific, written
655 SECRET LABS AB AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD
656 TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANT-
657 ABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL SECRET LABS AB OR THE AUTHOR
658 BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY
659 DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS,
660 WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS
661 ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE
668 The :mod:`test_epoll` contains the following notice::
670 Copyright (c) 2001-2006 Twisted Matrix Laboratories.
672 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
673 a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
674 "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
675 without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
676 distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
677 permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
678 the following conditions:
680 The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
681 included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
683 THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
684 EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
685 MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
686 NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
687 LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
688 OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
689 WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
694 The :mod:`select` and contains the following notice for the kqueue interface::
696 Copyright (c) 2000 Doug White, 2006 James Knight, 2007 Christian Heimes
699 Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
700 modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
702 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
703 notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
704 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
705 notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
706 documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
708 THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
709 ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
710 IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
711 ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
712 FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
713 DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
714 OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
715 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
716 LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
717 OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
724 The file :file:`Python/dtoa.c`, which supplies C functions dtoa and
725 strtod for conversion of C doubles to and from strings, is derived
726 from the file of the same name by David M. Gay, currently available
727 from http://www.netlib.org/fp/. The original file, as retrieved on
728 March 16, 2009, contains the following copyright and licensing
731 /****************************************************************
733 * The author of this software is David M. Gay.
735 * Copyright (c) 1991, 2000, 2001 by Lucent Technologies.
737 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
738 * purpose without fee is hereby granted, provided that this entire notice
739 * is included in all copies of any software which is or includes a copy
740 * or modification of this software and in all copies of the supporting
741 * documentation for such software.
743 * THIS SOFTWARE IS BEING PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
744 * WARRANTY. IN PARTICULAR, NEITHER THE AUTHOR NOR LUCENT MAKES ANY
745 * REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF ANY KIND CONCERNING THE MERCHANTABILITY
746 * OF THIS SOFTWARE OR ITS FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
748 ***************************************************************/