1 .. highlightlang:: rest
3 Differences to the LaTeX markup
4 ===============================
6 Though the markup language is different, most of the concepts and markup types
7 of the old LaTeX docs have been kept -- environments as reST directives, inline
8 commands as reST roles and so forth.
10 However, there are some differences in the way these work, partly due to the
11 differences in the markup languages, partly due to improvements in Sphinx. This
12 section lists these differences, in order to give those familiar with the old
13 format a quick overview of what they might run into.
18 These changes have been made to inline markup:
20 * **Cross-reference roles**
22 Most of the following semantic roles existed previously as inline commands,
23 but didn't do anything except formatting the content as code. Now, they
24 cross-reference to known targets (some names have also been shortened):
26 | *mod* (previously *refmodule* or *module*)
27 | *func* (previously *function*)
31 | *meth* (previously *method*)
32 | *attr* (previously *member*)
33 | *exc* (previously *exception*)
35 | *cfunc* (previously *cfunction*)
36 | *cmacro* (previously *csimplemacro*)
39 Also different is the handling of *func* and *meth*: while previously
40 parentheses were added to the callable name (like ``\func{str()}``), they are
41 now appended by the build system -- appending them in the source will result
42 in double parentheses. This also means that ``:func:`str(object)``` will not
43 work as expected -- use ````str(object)```` instead!
45 * **Inline commands implemented as directives**
47 These were inline commands in LaTeX, but are now directives in reST:
53 These are used like so::
56 Reason of deprecation.
58 Also, no period is appended to the text for *versionadded* and
64 These are used like so::
70 * **Otherwise changed commands**
72 The *samp* command previously formatted code and added quotation marks around
73 it. The *samp* role, however, features a new highlighting system just like
76 ``:samp:`open({filename}, {mode})``` results in :samp:`open({filename}, {mode})`
78 * **Dropped commands**
80 These were commands in LaTeX, but are not available as roles:
83 | *character* (use :samp:`\`\`'c'\`\``)
84 | *citetitle* (use ```Title <URL>`_``)
85 | *code* (use ````code````)
86 | *email* (just write the address in body text)
88 | *filevar* (use the ``{...}`` highlighting feature of *file*)
89 | *programopt*, *longprogramopt* (use *option*)
90 | *ulink* (use ```Title <URL>`_``)
91 | *url* (just write the URL in body text)
92 | *var* (use ``*var*``)
93 | *infinity*, *plusminus* (use the Unicode character)
94 | *shortversion*, *version* (use the ``|version|`` and ``|release|`` substitutions)
95 | *emph*, *strong* (use the reST markup)
97 * **Backslash escaping**
99 In reST, a backslash must be escaped in normal text, and in the content of
100 roles. However, in code literals and literal blocks, it must not be escaped.
101 Example: ``:file:`C:\\Temp\\my.tmp``` vs. ````open("C:\Temp\my.tmp")````.
107 Information units (*...desc* environments) have been made reST directives.
108 These changes to information units should be noted:
112 "desc" has been removed from every name. Additionally, these directives have
115 | *cfunction* (previously *cfuncdesc*)
116 | *cmacro* (previously *csimplemacrodesc*)
117 | *exception* (previously *excdesc*)
118 | *function* (previously *funcdesc*)
119 | *attribute* (previously *memberdesc*)
121 The *classdesc\** and *excclassdesc* environments have been dropped, the
122 *class* and *exception* directives support classes documented with and without
123 constructor arguments.
125 * **Multiple objects**
127 The equivalent of the *...line* commands is::
129 .. function:: do_foo(bar)
132 Description of the functions.
134 IOW, just give one signatures per line, at the same indentation level.
138 There is no *optional* command. Just give function signatures like they
139 should appear in the output::
141 .. function:: open(filename[, mode[, buffering]])
145 Note: markup in the signature is not supported.
149 The *...descni* environments have been dropped. To mark an information unit
150 as unsuitable for index entry generation, use the *noindex* option like so::
157 * **New information units**
159 There are new generic information units: One is called "describe" and can be
160 used to document things that are not covered by the other units::
170 Describes a command-line option.
172 .. envvar:: PYTHONINSPECT
174 Describes an environment variable.
180 The LaTeX docs were split in several toplevel manuals. Now, all files are part
181 of the same documentation tree, as indicated by the *toctree* directives in the
182 sources (though individual output formats may choose to split them up into parts
183 again). Every *toctree* directive embeds other files as subdocuments of the
184 current file (this structure is not necessarily mirrored in the filesystem
185 layout). The toplevel file is :file:`contents.rst`.
187 However, most of the old directory structure has been kept, with the
188 directories renamed as follows:
190 * :file:`api` -> :file:`c-api`
191 * :file:`dist` -> :file:`distutils`, with the single TeX file split up
192 * :file:`doc` -> :file:`documenting`
193 * :file:`ext` -> :file:`extending`
194 * :file:`inst` -> :file:`installing`
195 * :file:`lib` -> :file:`library`
196 * :file:`mac` -> merged into :file:`library`, with :file:`mac/using.tex`
197 moved to :file:`using/mac.rst`
198 * :file:`ref` -> :file:`reference`
199 * :file:`tut` -> :file:`tutorial`, with the single TeX file split up
202 .. XXX more (index-generating, production lists, ...)