8 .. index:: object: complex number
10 Python's complex number objects are implemented as two distinct types when
11 viewed from the C API: one is the Python object exposed to Python programs, and
12 the other is a C structure which represents the actual complex number value.
13 The API provides functions for working with both.
16 Complex Numbers as C Structures
17 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
19 Note that the functions which accept these structures as parameters and return
20 them as results do so *by value* rather than dereferencing them through
21 pointers. This is consistent throughout the API.
26 The C structure which corresponds to the value portion of a Python complex
27 number object. Most of the functions for dealing with complex number objects
28 use structures of this type as input or output values, as appropriate. It is
37 .. cfunction:: Py_complex _Py_c_sum(Py_complex left, Py_complex right)
39 Return the sum of two complex numbers, using the C :ctype:`Py_complex`
43 .. cfunction:: Py_complex _Py_c_diff(Py_complex left, Py_complex right)
45 Return the difference between two complex numbers, using the C
46 :ctype:`Py_complex` representation.
49 .. cfunction:: Py_complex _Py_c_neg(Py_complex complex)
51 Return the negation of the complex number *complex*, using the C
52 :ctype:`Py_complex` representation.
55 .. cfunction:: Py_complex _Py_c_prod(Py_complex left, Py_complex right)
57 Return the product of two complex numbers, using the C :ctype:`Py_complex`
61 .. cfunction:: Py_complex _Py_c_quot(Py_complex dividend, Py_complex divisor)
63 Return the quotient of two complex numbers, using the C :ctype:`Py_complex`
67 .. cfunction:: Py_complex _Py_c_pow(Py_complex num, Py_complex exp)
69 Return the exponentiation of *num* by *exp*, using the C :ctype:`Py_complex`
73 Complex Numbers as Python Objects
74 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
77 .. ctype:: PyComplexObject
79 This subtype of :ctype:`PyObject` represents a Python complex number object.
82 .. cvar:: PyTypeObject PyComplex_Type
84 This instance of :ctype:`PyTypeObject` represents the Python complex number
85 type. It is the same object as ``complex`` and ``types.ComplexType``.
88 .. cfunction:: int PyComplex_Check(PyObject *p)
90 Return true if its argument is a :ctype:`PyComplexObject` or a subtype of
91 :ctype:`PyComplexObject`.
93 .. versionchanged:: 2.2
94 Allowed subtypes to be accepted.
97 .. cfunction:: int PyComplex_CheckExact(PyObject *p)
99 Return true if its argument is a :ctype:`PyComplexObject`, but not a subtype of
100 :ctype:`PyComplexObject`.
102 .. versionadded:: 2.2
105 .. cfunction:: PyObject* PyComplex_FromCComplex(Py_complex v)
107 Create a new Python complex number object from a C :ctype:`Py_complex` value.
110 .. cfunction:: PyObject* PyComplex_FromDoubles(double real, double imag)
112 Return a new :ctype:`PyComplexObject` object from *real* and *imag*.
115 .. cfunction:: double PyComplex_RealAsDouble(PyObject *op)
117 Return the real part of *op* as a C :ctype:`double`.
120 .. cfunction:: double PyComplex_ImagAsDouble(PyObject *op)
122 Return the imaginary part of *op* as a C :ctype:`double`.
125 .. cfunction:: Py_complex PyComplex_AsCComplex(PyObject *op)
127 Return the :ctype:`Py_complex` value of the complex number *op*.
129 .. versionchanged:: 2.6
130 If *op* is not a Python complex number object but has a :meth:`__complex__`
131 method, this method will first be called to convert *op* to a Python complex