Lib/compiler/pycodegen.py

   1 import imp
   2 import os
   3 import marshal
   4 import struct
   5 import sys
   6 from cStringIO import StringIO
   7
   8 from compiler import ast, parse, walk, syntax
   9 from compiler import pyassem, misc, future, symbols
  10 from compiler.consts import SC_LOCAL, SC_GLOBAL_IMPLICIT, SC_GLOBAL_EXPLICT, \
  11      SC_FREE, SC_CELL
  12 from compiler.consts import (CO_VARARGS, CO_VARKEYWORDS, CO_NEWLOCALS,
  13      CO_NESTED, CO_GENERATOR, CO_FUTURE_DIVISION,
  14      CO_FUTURE_ABSIMPORT, CO_FUTURE_WITH_STATEMENT, CO_FUTURE_PRINT_FUNCTION)
  15 from compiler.pyassem import TupleArg
  16
  17 # XXX The version-specific code can go, since this code only works with 2.x.
  18 # Do we have Python 1.x or Python 2.x?
  19 try:
  20     VERSION = sys.version_info[0]
  21 except AttributeError:
  22     VERSION = 1
  23
  24 callfunc_opcode_info = {
  25     # (Have *args, Have **args) : opcode
  26     (0,0) : "CALL_FUNCTION",
  27     (1,0) : "CALL_FUNCTION_VAR",
  28     (0,1) : "CALL_FUNCTION_KW",
  29     (1,1) : "CALL_FUNCTION_VAR_KW",
  30 }
  31
  32 LOOP = 1
  33 EXCEPT = 2
  34 TRY_FINALLY = 3
  35 END_FINALLY = 4
  36
  37 def compileFile(filename, display=0):
  38     f = open(filename, 'U')
  39     buf = f.read()
  40     f.close()
  41     mod = Module(buf, filename)
  42     try:
  43         mod.compile(display)
  44     except SyntaxError:
  45         raise
  46     else:
  47         f = open(filename + "c", "wb")
  48         mod.dump(f)
  49         f.close()
  50
  51 def compile(source, filename, mode, flags=None, dont_inherit=None):
  52     """Replacement for builtin compile() function"""
  53     if flags is not None or dont_inherit is not None:
  54         raise RuntimeError, "not implemented yet"
  55
  56     if mode == "single":
  57         gen = Interactive(source, filename)
  58     elif mode == "exec":
  59         gen = Module(source, filename)
  60     elif mode == "eval":
  61         gen = Expression(source, filename)
  62     else:
  63         raise ValueError("compile() 3rd arg must be 'exec' or "
  64                          "'eval' or 'single'")
  65     gen.compile()
  66     return gen.code
  67
  68 class AbstractCompileMode:
  69
  70     mode = None # defined by subclass
  71
  72     def __init__(self, source, filename):
  73         self.source = source
  74         self.filename = filename
  75         self.code = None
  76
  77     def _get_tree(self):
  78         tree = parse(self.source, self.mode)
  79         misc.set_filename(self.filename, tree)
  80         syntax.check(tree)
  81         return tree
  82
  83     def compile(self):
  84         pass # implemented by subclass
  85
  86     def getCode(self):
  87         return self.code
  88
  89 class Expression(AbstractCompileMode):
  90
  91     mode = "eval"
  92
  93     def compile(self):
  94         tree = self._get_tree()
  95         gen = ExpressionCodeGenerator(tree)
  96         self.code = gen.getCode()
  97
  98 class Interactive(AbstractCompileMode):
  99
 100     mode = "single"
 101
 102     def compile(self):
 103         tree = self._get_tree()
 104         gen = InteractiveCodeGenerator(tree)
 105         self.code = gen.getCode()
 106
 107 class Module(AbstractCompileMode):
 108
 109     mode = "exec"
 110
 111     def compile(self, display=0):
 112         tree = self._get_tree()
 113         gen = ModuleCodeGenerator(tree)
 114         if display:
 115             import pprint
 116             print pprint.pprint(tree)
 117         self.code = gen.getCode()
 118
 119     def dump(self, f):
 120         f.write(self.getPycHeader())
 121         marshal.dump(self.code, f)
 122
 123     MAGIC = imp.get_magic()
 124
 125     def getPycHeader(self):
 126         # compile.c uses marshal to write a long directly, with
 127         # calling the interface that would also generate a 1-byte code
 128         # to indicate the type of the value.  simplest way to get the
 129         # same effect is to call marshal and then skip the code.
 130         mtime = os.path.getmtime(self.filename)
 131         mtime = struct.pack('<i', mtime)
 132         return self.MAGIC + mtime
 133
 134 class LocalNameFinder:
 135     """Find local names in scope"""
 136     def __init__(self, names=()):
 137         self.names = misc.Set()
 138         self.globals = misc.Set()
 139         for name in names:
 140             self.names.add(name)
 141
 142     # XXX list comprehensions and for loops
 143
 144     def getLocals(self):
 145         for elt in self.globals.elements():
 146             if self.names.has_elt(elt):
 147                 self.names.remove(elt)
 148         return self.names
 149
 150     def visitDict(self, node):
 151         pass
 152
 153     def visitGlobal(self, node):
 154         for name in node.names:
 155             self.globals.add(name)
 156
 157     def visitFunction(self, node):
 158         self.names.add(node.name)
 159
 160     def visitLambda(self, node):
 161         pass
 162
 163     def visitImport(self, node):
 164         for name, alias in node.names:
 165             self.names.add(alias or name)
 166
 167     def visitFrom(self, node):
 168         for name, alias in node.names:
 169             self.names.add(alias or name)
 170
 171     def visitClass(self, node):
 172         self.names.add(node.name)
 173
 174     def visitAssName(self, node):
 175         self.names.add(node.name)
 176
 177 def is_constant_false(node):
 178     if isinstance(node, ast.Const):
 179         if not node.value:
 180             return 1
 181     return 0
 182
 183 class CodeGenerator:
 184     """Defines basic code generator for Python bytecode
 185
 186     This class is an abstract base class.  Concrete subclasses must
 187     define an __init__() that defines self.graph and then calls the
 188     __init__() defined in this class.
 189
 190     The concrete class must also define the class attributes
 191     NameFinder, FunctionGen, and ClassGen.  These attributes can be
 192     defined in the initClass() method, which is a hook for
 193     initializing these methods after all the classes have been
 194     defined.
 195     """
 196
 197     optimized = 0 # is namespace access optimized?
 198     __initialized = None
 199     class_name = None # provide default for instance variable
 200
 201     def __init__(self):
 202         if self.__initialized is None:
 203             self.initClass()
 204             self.__class__.__initialized = 1
 205         self.checkClass()
 206         self.locals = misc.Stack()
 207         self.setups = misc.Stack()
 208         self.last_lineno = None
 209         self._setupGraphDelegation()
 210         self._div_op = "BINARY_DIVIDE"
 211
 212         # XXX set flags based on future features
 213         futures = self.get_module().futures
 214         for feature in futures:
 215             if feature == "division":
 216                 self.graph.setFlag(CO_FUTURE_DIVISION)
 217                 self._div_op = "BINARY_TRUE_DIVIDE"
 218             elif feature == "absolute_import":
 219                 self.graph.setFlag(CO_FUTURE_ABSIMPORT)
 220             elif feature == "with_statement":
 221                 self.graph.setFlag(CO_FUTURE_WITH_STATEMENT)
 222             elif feature == "print_function":
 223                 self.graph.setFlag(CO_FUTURE_PRINT_FUNCTION)
 224
 225     def initClass(self):
 226         """This method is called once for each class"""
 227
 228     def checkClass(self):
 229         """Verify that class is constructed correctly"""
 230         try:
 231             assert hasattr(self, 'graph')
 232             assert getattr(self, 'NameFinder')
 233             assert getattr(self, 'FunctionGen')
 234             assert getattr(self, 'ClassGen')
 235         except AssertionError, msg:
 236             intro = "Bad class construction for %s" % self.__class__.__name__
 237             raise AssertionError, intro
 238
 239     def _setupGraphDelegation(self):
 240         self.emit = self.graph.emit
 241         self.newBlock = self.graph.newBlock
 242         self.startBlock = self.graph.startBlock
 243         self.nextBlock = self.graph.nextBlock
 244         self.setDocstring = self.graph.setDocstring
 245
 246     def getCode(self):
 247         """Return a code object"""
 248         return self.graph.getCode()
 249
 250     def mangle(self, name):
 251         if self.class_name is not None:
 252             return misc.mangle(name, self.class_name)
 253         else:
 254             return name
 255
 256     def parseSymbols(self, tree):
 257         s = symbols.SymbolVisitor()
 258         walk(tree, s)
 259         return s.scopes
 260
 261     def get_module(self):
 262         raise RuntimeError, "should be implemented by subclasses"
 263
 264     # Next five methods handle name access
 265
 266     def isLocalName(self, name):
 267         return self.locals.top().has_elt(name)
 268
 269     def storeName(self, name):
 270         self._nameOp('STORE', name)
 271
 272     def loadName(self, name):
 273         self._nameOp('LOAD', name)
 274
 275     def delName(self, name):
 276         self._nameOp('DELETE', name)
 277
 278     def _nameOp(self, prefix, name):
 279         name = self.mangle(name)
 280         scope = self.scope.check_name(name)
 281         if scope == SC_LOCAL:
 282             if not self.optimized:
 283                 self.emit(prefix + '_NAME', name)
 284             else:
 285                 self.emit(prefix + '_FAST', name)
 286         elif scope == SC_GLOBAL_EXPLICT:
 287             self.emit(prefix + '_GLOBAL', name)
 288         elif scope == SC_GLOBAL_IMPLICIT:
 289             if not self.optimized:
 290                 self.emit(prefix + '_NAME', name)
 291             else:
 292                 self.emit(prefix + '_GLOBAL', name)
 293         elif scope == SC_FREE or scope == SC_CELL:
 294             self.emit(prefix + '_DEREF', name)
 295         else:
 296             raise RuntimeError, "unsupported scope for var %s: %d" % \
 297                   (name, scope)
 298
 299     def _implicitNameOp(self, prefix, name):
 300         """Emit name ops for names generated implicitly by for loops
 301
 302         The interpreter generates names that start with a period or
 303         dollar sign.  The symbol table ignores these names because
 304         they aren't present in the program text.
 305         """
 306         if self.optimized:
 307             self.emit(prefix + '_FAST', name)
 308         else:
 309             self.emit(prefix + '_NAME', name)
 310
 311     # The set_lineno() function and the explicit emit() calls for
 312     # SET_LINENO below are only used to generate the line number table.
 313     # As of Python 2.3, the interpreter does not have a SET_LINENO
 314     # instruction.  pyassem treats SET_LINENO opcodes as a special case.
 315
 316     def set_lineno(self, node, force=False):
 317         """Emit SET_LINENO if necessary.
 318
 319         The instruction is considered necessary if the node has a
 320         lineno attribute and it is different than the last lineno
 321         emitted.
 322
 323         Returns true if SET_LINENO was emitted.
 324
 325         There are no rules for when an AST node should have a lineno
 326         attribute.  The transformer and AST code need to be reviewed
 327         and a consistent policy implemented and documented.  Until
 328         then, this method works around missing line numbers.
 329         """
 330         lineno = getattr(node, 'lineno', None)
 331         if lineno is not None and (lineno != self.last_lineno
 332                                    or force):
 333             self.emit('SET_LINENO', lineno)
 334             self.last_lineno = lineno
 335             return True
 336         return False
 337
 338     # The first few visitor methods handle nodes that generator new
 339     # code objects.  They use class attributes to determine what
 340     # specialized code generators to use.
 341
 342     NameFinder = LocalNameFinder
 343     FunctionGen = None
 344     ClassGen = None
 345
 346     def visitModule(self, node):
 347         self.scopes = self.parseSymbols(node)
 348         self.scope = self.scopes[node]
 349         self.emit('SET_LINENO', 0)
 350         if node.doc:
 351             self.emit('LOAD_CONST', node.doc)
 352             self.storeName('__doc__')
 353         lnf = walk(node.node, self.NameFinder(), verbose=0)
 354         self.locals.push(lnf.getLocals())
 355         self.visit(node.node)
 356         self.emit('LOAD_CONST', None)
 357         self.emit('RETURN_VALUE')
 358
 359     def visitExpression(self, node):
 360         self.set_lineno(node)
 361         self.scopes = self.parseSymbols(node)
 362         self.scope = self.scopes[node]
 363         self.visit(node.node)
 364         self.emit('RETURN_VALUE')
 365
 366     def visitFunction(self, node):
 367         self._visitFuncOrLambda(node, isLambda=0)
 368         if node.doc:
 369             self.setDocstring(node.doc)
 370         self.storeName(node.name)
 371
 372     def visitLambda(self, node):
 373         self._visitFuncOrLambda(node, isLambda=1)
 374
 375     def _visitFuncOrLambda(self, node, isLambda=0):
 376         if not isLambda and node.decorators:
 377             for decorator in node.decorators.nodes:
 378                 self.visit(decorator)
 379             ndecorators = len(node.decorators.nodes)
 380         else:
 381             ndecorators = 0
 382
 383         gen = self.FunctionGen(node, self.scopes, isLambda,
 384                                self.class_name, self.get_module())
 385         walk(node.code, gen)
 386         gen.finish()
 387         self.set_lineno(node)
 388         for default in node.defaults:
 389             self.visit(default)
 390         self._makeClosure(gen, len(node.defaults))
 391         for i in range(ndecorators):
 392             self.emit('CALL_FUNCTION', 1)
 393
 394     def visitClass(self, node):
 395         gen = self.ClassGen(node, self.scopes,
 396                             self.get_module())
 397         walk(node.code, gen)
 398         gen.finish()
 399         self.set_lineno(node)
 400         self.emit('LOAD_CONST', node.name)
 401         for base in node.bases:
 402             self.visit(base)
 403         self.emit('BUILD_TUPLE', len(node.bases))
 404         self._makeClosure(gen, 0)
 405         self.emit('CALL_FUNCTION', 0)
 406         self.emit('BUILD_CLASS')
 407         self.storeName(node.name)
 408
 409     # The rest are standard visitor methods
 410
 411     # The next few implement control-flow statements
 412
 413     def visitIf(self, node):
 414         end = self.newBlock()
 415         numtests = len(node.tests)
 416         for i in range(numtests):
 417             test, suite = node.tests[i]
 418             if is_constant_false(test):
 419                 # XXX will need to check generator stuff here
 420                 continue
 421             self.set_lineno(test)
 422             self.visit(test)
 423             nextTest = self.newBlock()
 424             self.emit('POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE', nextTest)
 425             self.nextBlock()
 426             self.visit(suite)
 427             self.emit('JUMP_FORWARD', end)
 428             self.startBlock(nextTest)
 429         if node.else_:
 430             self.visit(node.else_)
 431         self.nextBlock(end)
 432
 433     def visitWhile(self, node):
 434         self.set_lineno(node)
 435
 436         loop = self.newBlock()
 437         else_ = self.newBlock()
 438
 439         after = self.newBlock()
 440         self.emit('SETUP_LOOP', after)
 441
 442         self.nextBlock(loop)
 443         self.setups.push((LOOP, loop))
 444
 445         self.set_lineno(node, force=True)
 446         self.visit(node.test)
 447         self.emit('POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE', else_ or after)
 448
 449         self.nextBlock()
 450         self.visit(node.body)
 451         self.emit('JUMP_ABSOLUTE', loop)
 452
 453         self.startBlock(else_) # or just the POPs if not else clause
 454         self.emit('POP_BLOCK')
 455         self.setups.pop()
 456         if node.else_:
 457             self.visit(node.else_)
 458         self.nextBlock(after)
 459
 460     def visitFor(self, node):
 461         start = self.newBlock()
 462         anchor = self.newBlock()
 463         after = self.newBlock()
 464         self.setups.push((LOOP, start))
 465
 466         self.set_lineno(node)
 467         self.emit('SETUP_LOOP', after)
 468         self.visit(node.list)
 469         self.emit('GET_ITER')
 470
 471         self.nextBlock(start)
 472         self.set_lineno(node, force=1)
 473         self.emit('FOR_ITER', anchor)
 474         self.visit(node.assign)
 475         self.visit(node.body)
 476         self.emit('JUMP_ABSOLUTE', start)
 477         self.nextBlock(anchor)
 478         self.emit('POP_BLOCK')
 479         self.setups.pop()
 480         if node.else_:
 481             self.visit(node.else_)
 482         self.nextBlock(after)
 483
 484     def visitBreak(self, node):
 485         if not self.setups:
 486             raise SyntaxError, "'break' outside loop (%s, %d)" % \
 487                   (node.filename, node.lineno)
 488         self.set_lineno(node)
 489         self.emit('BREAK_LOOP')
 490
 491     def visitContinue(self, node):
 492         if not self.setups:
 493             raise SyntaxError, "'continue' outside loop (%s, %d)" % \
 494                   (node.filename, node.lineno)
 495         kind, block = self.setups.top()
 496         if kind == LOOP:
 497             self.set_lineno(node)
 498             self.emit('JUMP_ABSOLUTE', block)
 499             self.nextBlock()
 500         elif kind == EXCEPT or kind == TRY_FINALLY:
 501             self.set_lineno(node)
 502             # find the block that starts the loop
 503             top = len(self.setups)
 504             while top > 0:
 505                 top = top - 1
 506                 kind, loop_block = self.setups[top]
 507                 if kind == LOOP:
 508                     break
 509             if kind != LOOP:
 510                 raise SyntaxError, "'continue' outside loop (%s, %d)" % \
 511                       (node.filename, node.lineno)
 512             self.emit('CONTINUE_LOOP', loop_block)
 513             self.nextBlock()
 514         elif kind == END_FINALLY:
 515             msg = "'continue' not allowed inside 'finally' clause (%s, %d)"
 516             raise SyntaxError, msg % (node.filename, node.lineno)
 517
 518     def visitTest(self, node, jump):
 519         end = self.newBlock()
 520         for child in node.nodes[:-1]:
 521             self.visit(child)
 522             self.emit(jump, end)
 523             self.nextBlock()
 524         self.visit(node.nodes[-1])
 525         self.nextBlock(end)
 526
 527     def visitAnd(self, node):
 528         self.visitTest(node, 'JUMP_IF_FALSE_OR_POP')
 529
 530     def visitOr(self, node):
 531         self.visitTest(node, 'JUMP_IF_TRUE_OR_POP')
 532
 533     def visitIfExp(self, node):
 534         endblock = self.newBlock()
 535         elseblock = self.newBlock()
 536         self.visit(node.test)
 537         self.emit('POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE', elseblock)
 538         self.visit(node.then)
 539         self.emit('JUMP_FORWARD', endblock)
 540         self.nextBlock(elseblock)
 541         self.visit(node.else_)
 542         self.nextBlock(endblock)
 543
 544     def visitCompare(self, node):
 545         self.visit(node.expr)
 546         cleanup = self.newBlock()
 547         for op, code in node.ops[:-1]:
 548             self.visit(code)
 549             self.emit('DUP_TOP')
 550             self.emit('ROT_THREE')
 551             self.emit('COMPARE_OP', op)
 552             self.emit('JUMP_IF_FALSE_OR_POP', cleanup)
 553             self.nextBlock()
 554         # now do the last comparison
 555         if node.ops:
 556             op, code = node.ops[-1]
 557             self.visit(code)
 558             self.emit('COMPARE_OP', op)
 559         if len(node.ops) > 1:
 560             end = self.newBlock()
 561             self.emit('JUMP_FORWARD', end)
 562             self.startBlock(cleanup)
 563             self.emit('ROT_TWO')
 564             self.emit('POP_TOP')
 565             self.nextBlock(end)
 566
 567     # list comprehensions
 568     def visitListComp(self, node):
 569         self.set_lineno(node)
 570         # setup list
 571         self.emit('BUILD_LIST', 0)
 572
 573         stack = []
 574         for i, for_ in zip(range(len(node.quals)), node.quals):
 575             start, anchor = self.visit(for_)
 576             cont = None
 577             for if_ in for_.ifs:
 578                 if cont is None:
 579                     cont = self.newBlock()
 580                 self.visit(if_, cont)
 581             stack.insert(0, (start, cont, anchor))
 582
 583         self.visit(node.expr)
 584         self.emit('LIST_APPEND', len(node.quals) + 1)
 585
 586         for start, cont, anchor in stack:
 587             if cont:
 588                 self.nextBlock(cont)
 589             self.emit('JUMP_ABSOLUTE', start)
 590             self.startBlock(anchor)
 591
 592     def visitListCompFor(self, node):
 593         start = self.newBlock()
 594         anchor = self.newBlock()
 595
 596         self.visit(node.list)
 597         self.emit('GET_ITER')
 598         self.nextBlock(start)
 599         self.set_lineno(node, force=True)
 600         self.emit('FOR_ITER', anchor)
 601         self.nextBlock()
 602         self.visit(node.assign)
 603         return start, anchor
 604
 605     def visitListCompIf(self, node, branch):
 606         self.set_lineno(node, force=True)
 607         self.visit(node.test)
 608         self.emit('POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE', branch)
 609         self.newBlock()
 610
 611     def _makeClosure(self, gen, args):
 612         frees = gen.scope.get_free_vars()
 613         if frees:
 614             for name in frees:
 615                 self.emit('LOAD_CLOSURE', name)
 616             self.emit('BUILD_TUPLE', len(frees))
 617             self.emit('LOAD_CONST', gen)
 618             self.emit('MAKE_CLOSURE', args)
 619         else:
 620             self.emit('LOAD_CONST', gen)
 621             self.emit('MAKE_FUNCTION', args)
 622
 623     def visitGenExpr(self, node):
 624         gen = GenExprCodeGenerator(node, self.scopes, self.class_name,
 625                                    self.get_module())
 626         walk(node.code, gen)
 627         gen.finish()
 628         self.set_lineno(node)
 629         self._makeClosure(gen, 0)
 630         # precomputation of outmost iterable
 631         self.visit(node.code.quals[0].iter)
 632         self.emit('GET_ITER')
 633         self.emit('CALL_FUNCTION', 1)
 634
 635     def visitGenExprInner(self, node):
 636         self.set_lineno(node)
 637         # setup list
 638
 639         stack = []
 640         for i, for_ in zip(range(len(node.quals)), node.quals):
 641             start, anchor, end = self.visit(for_)
 642             cont = None
 643             for if_ in for_.ifs:
 644                 if cont is None:
 645                     cont = self.newBlock()
 646                 self.visit(if_, cont)
 647             stack.insert(0, (start, cont, anchor, end))
 648
 649         self.visit(node.expr)
 650         self.emit('YIELD_VALUE')
 651         self.emit('POP_TOP')
 652
 653         for start, cont, anchor, end in stack:
 654             if cont:
 655                 self.nextBlock(cont)
 656             self.emit('JUMP_ABSOLUTE', start)
 657             self.startBlock(anchor)
 658             self.emit('POP_BLOCK')
 659             self.setups.pop()
 660             self.nextBlock(end)
 661
 662         self.emit('LOAD_CONST', None)
 663
 664     def visitGenExprFor(self, node):
 665         start = self.newBlock()
 666         anchor = self.newBlock()
 667         end = self.newBlock()
 668
 669         self.setups.push((LOOP, start))
 670         self.emit('SETUP_LOOP', end)
 671
 672         if node.is_outmost:
 673             self.loadName('.0')
 674         else:
 675             self.visit(node.iter)
 676             self.emit('GET_ITER')
 677
 678         self.nextBlock(start)
 679         self.set_lineno(node, force=True)
 680         self.emit('FOR_ITER', anchor)
 681         self.nextBlock()
 682         self.visit(node.assign)
 683         return start, anchor, end
 684
 685     def visitGenExprIf(self, node, branch):
 686         self.set_lineno(node, force=True)
 687         self.visit(node.test)
 688         self.emit('POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE', branch)
 689         self.newBlock()
 690
 691     # exception related
 692
 693     def visitAssert(self, node):
 694         # XXX would be interesting to implement this via a
 695         # transformation of the AST before this stage
 696         if __debug__:
 697             end = self.newBlock()
 698             self.set_lineno(node)
 699             # XXX AssertionError appears to be special case -- it is always
 700             # loaded as a global even if there is a local name.  I guess this
 701             # is a sort of renaming op.
 702             self.nextBlock()
 703             self.visit(node.test)
 704             self.emit('POP_JUMP_IF_TRUE', end)
 705             self.nextBlock()
 706             self.emit('LOAD_GLOBAL', 'AssertionError')
 707             if node.fail:
 708                 self.visit(node.fail)
 709                 self.emit('RAISE_VARARGS', 2)
 710             else:
 711                 self.emit('RAISE_VARARGS', 1)
 712             self.nextBlock(end)
 713
 714     def visitRaise(self, node):
 715         self.set_lineno(node)
 716         n = 0
 717         if node.expr1:
 718             self.visit(node.expr1)
 719             n = n + 1
 720         if node.expr2:
 721             self.visit(node.expr2)
 722             n = n + 1
 723         if node.expr3:
 724             self.visit(node.expr3)
 725             n = n + 1
 726         self.emit('RAISE_VARARGS', n)
 727
 728     def visitTryExcept(self, node):
 729         body = self.newBlock()
 730         handlers = self.newBlock()
 731         end = self.newBlock()
 732         if node.else_:
 733             lElse = self.newBlock()
 734         else:
 735             lElse = end
 736         self.set_lineno(node)
 737         self.emit('SETUP_EXCEPT', handlers)
 738         self.nextBlock(body)
 739         self.setups.push((EXCEPT, body))
 740         self.visit(node.body)
 741         self.emit('POP_BLOCK')
 742         self.setups.pop()
 743         self.emit('JUMP_FORWARD', lElse)
 744         self.startBlock(handlers)
 745
 746         last = len(node.handlers) - 1
 747         for i in range(len(node.handlers)):
 748             expr, target, body = node.handlers[i]
 749             self.set_lineno(expr)
 750             if expr:
 751                 self.emit('DUP_TOP')
 752                 self.visit(expr)
 753                 self.emit('COMPARE_OP', 'exception match')
 754                 next = self.newBlock()
 755                 self.emit('POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE', next)
 756                 self.nextBlock()
 757             self.emit('POP_TOP')
 758             if target:
 759                 self.visit(target)
 760             else:
 761                 self.emit('POP_TOP')
 762             self.emit('POP_TOP')
 763             self.visit(body)
 764             self.emit('JUMP_FORWARD', end)
 765             if expr:
 766                 self.nextBlock(next)
 767             else:
 768                 self.nextBlock()
 769         self.emit('END_FINALLY')
 770         if node.else_:
 771             self.nextBlock(lElse)
 772             self.visit(node.else_)
 773         self.nextBlock(end)
 774
 775     def visitTryFinally(self, node):
 776         body = self.newBlock()
 777         final = self.newBlock()
 778         self.set_lineno(node)
 779         self.emit('SETUP_FINALLY', final)
 780         self.nextBlock(body)
 781         self.setups.push((TRY_FINALLY, body))
 782         self.visit(node.body)
 783         self.emit('POP_BLOCK')
 784         self.setups.pop()
 785         self.emit('LOAD_CONST', None)
 786         self.nextBlock(final)
 787         self.setups.push((END_FINALLY, final))
 788         self.visit(node.final)
 789         self.emit('END_FINALLY')
 790         self.setups.pop()
 791
 792     __with_count = 0
 793
 794     def visitWith(self, node):
 795         body = self.newBlock()
 796         final = self.newBlock()
 797         self.__with_count += 1
 798         valuevar = "_[%d]" % self.__with_count
 799         self.set_lineno(node)
 800         self.visit(node.expr)
 801         self.emit('DUP_TOP')
 802         self.emit('LOAD_ATTR', '__exit__')
 803         self.emit('ROT_TWO')
 804         self.emit('LOAD_ATTR', '__enter__')
 805         self.emit('CALL_FUNCTION', 0)
 806         if node.vars is None:
 807             self.emit('POP_TOP')
 808         else:
 809             self._implicitNameOp('STORE', valuevar)
 810         self.emit('SETUP_FINALLY', final)
 811         self.nextBlock(body)
 812         self.setups.push((TRY_FINALLY, body))
 813         if node.vars is not None:
 814             self._implicitNameOp('LOAD', valuevar)
 815             self._implicitNameOp('DELETE', valuevar)
 816             self.visit(node.vars)
 817         self.visit(node.body)
 818         self.emit('POP_BLOCK')
 819         self.setups.pop()
 820         self.emit('LOAD_CONST', None)
 821         self.nextBlock(final)
 822         self.setups.push((END_FINALLY, final))
 823         self.emit('WITH_CLEANUP')
 824         self.emit('END_FINALLY')
 825         self.setups.pop()
 826         self.__with_count -= 1
 827
 828     # misc
 829
 830     def visitDiscard(self, node):
 831         self.set_lineno(node)
 832         self.visit(node.expr)
 833         self.emit('POP_TOP')
 834
 835     def visitConst(self, node):
 836         self.emit('LOAD_CONST', node.value)
 837
 838     def visitKeyword(self, node):
 839         self.emit('LOAD_CONST', node.name)
 840         self.visit(node.expr)
 841
 842     def visitGlobal(self, node):
 843         # no code to generate
 844         pass
 845
 846     def visitName(self, node):
 847         self.set_lineno(node)
 848         self.loadName(node.name)
 849
 850     def visitPass(self, node):
 851         self.set_lineno(node)
 852
 853     def visitImport(self, node):
 854         self.set_lineno(node)
 855         level = 0 if self.graph.checkFlag(CO_FUTURE_ABSIMPORT) else -1
 856         for name, alias in node.names:
 857             if VERSION > 1:
 858                 self.emit('LOAD_CONST', level)
 859                 self.emit('LOAD_CONST', None)
 860             self.emit('IMPORT_NAME', name)
 861             mod = name.split(".")[0]
 862             if alias:
 863                 self._resolveDots(name)
 864                 self.storeName(alias)
 865             else:
 866                 self.storeName(mod)
 867
 868     def visitFrom(self, node):
 869         self.set_lineno(node)
 870         level = node.level
 871         if level == 0 and not self.graph.checkFlag(CO_FUTURE_ABSIMPORT):
 872             level = -1
 873         fromlist = map(lambda (name, alias): name, node.names)
 874         if VERSION > 1:
 875             self.emit('LOAD_CONST', level)
 876             self.emit('LOAD_CONST', tuple(fromlist))
 877         self.emit('IMPORT_NAME', node.modname)
 878         for name, alias in node.names:
 879             if VERSION > 1:
 880                 if name == '*':
 881                     self.namespace = 0
 882                     self.emit('IMPORT_STAR')
 883                     # There can only be one name w/ from ... import *
 884                     assert len(node.names) == 1
 885                     return
 886                 else:
 887                     self.emit('IMPORT_FROM', name)
 888                     self._resolveDots(name)
 889                     self.storeName(alias or name)
 890             else:
 891                 self.emit('IMPORT_FROM', name)
 892         self.emit('POP_TOP')
 893
 894     def _resolveDots(self, name):
 895         elts = name.split(".")
 896         if len(elts) == 1:
 897             return
 898         for elt in elts[1:]:
 899             self.emit('LOAD_ATTR', elt)
 900
 901     def visitGetattr(self, node):
 902         self.visit(node.expr)
 903         self.emit('LOAD_ATTR', self.mangle(node.attrname))
 904
 905     # next five implement assignments
 906
 907     def visitAssign(self, node):
 908         self.set_lineno(node)
 909         self.visit(node.expr)
 910         dups = len(node.nodes) - 1
 911         for i in range(len(node.nodes)):
 912             elt = node.nodes[i]
 913             if i < dups:
 914                 self.emit('DUP_TOP')
 915             if isinstance(elt, ast.Node):
 916                 self.visit(elt)
 917
 918     def visitAssName(self, node):
 919         if node.flags == 'OP_ASSIGN':
 920             self.storeName(node.name)
 921         elif node.flags == 'OP_DELETE':
 922             self.set_lineno(node)
 923             self.delName(node.name)
 924         else:
 925             print "oops", node.flags
 926
 927     def visitAssAttr(self, node):
 928         self.visit(node.expr)
 929         if node.flags == 'OP_ASSIGN':
 930             self.emit('STORE_ATTR', self.mangle(node.attrname))
 931         elif node.flags == 'OP_DELETE':
 932             self.emit('DELETE_ATTR', self.mangle(node.attrname))
 933         else:
 934             print "warning: unexpected flags:", node.flags
 935             print node
 936
 937     def _visitAssSequence(self, node, op='UNPACK_SEQUENCE'):
 938         if findOp(node) != 'OP_DELETE':
 939             self.emit(op, len(node.nodes))
 940         for child in node.nodes:
 941             self.visit(child)
 942
 943     if VERSION > 1:
 944         visitAssTuple = _visitAssSequence
 945         visitAssList = _visitAssSequence
 946     else:
 947         def visitAssTuple(self, node):
 948             self._visitAssSequence(node, 'UNPACK_TUPLE')
 949
 950         def visitAssList(self, node):
 951             self._visitAssSequence(node, 'UNPACK_LIST')
 952
 953     # augmented assignment
 954
 955     def visitAugAssign(self, node):
 956         self.set_lineno(node)
 957         aug_node = wrap_aug(node.node)
 958         self.visit(aug_node, "load")
 959         self.visit(node.expr)
 960         self.emit(self._augmented_opcode[node.op])
 961         self.visit(aug_node, "store")
 962
 963     _augmented_opcode = {
 964         '+=' : 'INPLACE_ADD',
 965         '-=' : 'INPLACE_SUBTRACT',
 966         '*=' : 'INPLACE_MULTIPLY',
 967         '/=' : 'INPLACE_DIVIDE',
 968         '//=': 'INPLACE_FLOOR_DIVIDE',
 969         '%=' : 'INPLACE_MODULO',
 970         '**=': 'INPLACE_POWER',
 971         '>>=': 'INPLACE_RSHIFT',
 972         '<<=': 'INPLACE_LSHIFT',
 973         '&=' : 'INPLACE_AND',
 974         '^=' : 'INPLACE_XOR',
 975         '|=' : 'INPLACE_OR',
 976         }
 977
 978     def visitAugName(self, node, mode):
 979         if mode == "load":
 980             self.loadName(node.name)
 981         elif mode == "store":
 982             self.storeName(node.name)
 983
 984     def visitAugGetattr(self, node, mode):
 985         if mode == "load":
 986             self.visit(node.expr)
 987             self.emit('DUP_TOP')
 988             self.emit('LOAD_ATTR', self.mangle(node.attrname))
 989         elif mode == "store":
 990             self.emit('ROT_TWO')
 991             self.emit('STORE_ATTR', self.mangle(node.attrname))
 992
 993     def visitAugSlice(self, node, mode):
 994         if mode == "load":
 995             self.visitSlice(node, 1)
 996         elif mode == "store":
 997             slice = 0
 998             if node.lower:
 999                 slice = slice | 1
1000             if node.upper:
1001                 slice = slice | 2
1002             if slice == 0:
1003                 self.emit('ROT_TWO')
1004             elif slice == 3:
1005                 self.emit('ROT_FOUR')
1006             else:
1007                 self.emit('ROT_THREE')
1008             self.emit('STORE_SLICE+%d' % slice)
1009
1010     def visitAugSubscript(self, node, mode):
1011         if mode == "load":
1012             self.visitSubscript(node, 1)
1013         elif mode == "store":
1014             self.emit('ROT_THREE')
1015             self.emit('STORE_SUBSCR')
1016
1017     def visitExec(self, node):
1018         self.visit(node.expr)
1019         if node.locals is None:
1020             self.emit('LOAD_CONST', None)
1021         else:
1022             self.visit(node.locals)
1023         if node.globals is None:
1024             self.emit('DUP_TOP')
1025         else:
1026             self.visit(node.globals)
1027         self.emit('EXEC_STMT')
1028
1029     def visitCallFunc(self, node):
1030         pos = 0
1031         kw = 0
1032         self.set_lineno(node)
1033         self.visit(node.node)
1034         for arg in node.args:
1035             self.visit(arg)
1036             if isinstance(arg, ast.Keyword):
1037                 kw = kw + 1
1038             else:
1039                 pos = pos + 1
1040         if node.star_args is not None:
1041             self.visit(node.star_args)
1042         if node.dstar_args is not None:
1043             self.visit(node.dstar_args)
1044         have_star = node.star_args is not None
1045         have_dstar = node.dstar_args is not None
1046         opcode = callfunc_opcode_info[have_star, have_dstar]
1047         self.emit(opcode, kw << 8 | pos)
1048
1049     def visitPrint(self, node, newline=0):
1050         self.set_lineno(node)
1051         if node.dest:
1052             self.visit(node.dest)
1053         for child in node.nodes:
1054             if node.dest:
1055                 self.emit('DUP_TOP')
1056             self.visit(child)
1057             if node.dest:
1058                 self.emit('ROT_TWO')
1059                 self.emit('PRINT_ITEM_TO')
1060             else:
1061                 self.emit('PRINT_ITEM')
1062         if node.dest and not newline:
1063             self.emit('POP_TOP')
1064
1065     def visitPrintnl(self, node):
1066         self.visitPrint(node, newline=1)
1067         if node.dest:
1068             self.emit('PRINT_NEWLINE_TO')
1069         else:
1070             self.emit('PRINT_NEWLINE')
1071
1072     def visitReturn(self, node):
1073         self.set_lineno(node)
1074         self.visit(node.value)
1075         self.emit('RETURN_VALUE')
1076
1077     def visitYield(self, node):
1078         self.set_lineno(node)
1079         self.visit(node.value)
1080         self.emit('YIELD_VALUE')
1081
1082     # slice and subscript stuff
1083
1084     def visitSlice(self, node, aug_flag=None):
1085         # aug_flag is used by visitAugSlice
1086         self.visit(node.expr)
1087         slice = 0
1088         if node.lower:
1089             self.visit(node.lower)
1090             slice = slice | 1
1091         if node.upper:
1092             self.visit(node.upper)
1093             slice = slice | 2
1094         if aug_flag:
1095             if slice == 0:
1096                 self.emit('DUP_TOP')
1097             elif slice == 3:
1098                 self.emit('DUP_TOPX', 3)
1099             else:
1100                 self.emit('DUP_TOPX', 2)
1101         if node.flags == 'OP_APPLY':
1102             self.emit('SLICE+%d' % slice)
1103         elif node.flags == 'OP_ASSIGN':
1104             self.emit('STORE_SLICE+%d' % slice)
1105         elif node.flags == 'OP_DELETE':
1106             self.emit('DELETE_SLICE+%d' % slice)
1107         else:
1108             print "weird slice", node.flags
1109             raise
1110
1111     def visitSubscript(self, node, aug_flag=None):
1112         self.visit(node.expr)
1113         for sub in node.subs:
1114             self.visit(sub)
1115         if len(node.subs) > 1:
1116             self.emit('BUILD_TUPLE', len(node.subs))
1117         if aug_flag:
1118             self.emit('DUP_TOPX', 2)
1119         if node.flags == 'OP_APPLY':
1120             self.emit('BINARY_SUBSCR')
1121         elif node.flags == 'OP_ASSIGN':
1122             self.emit('STORE_SUBSCR')
1123         elif node.flags == 'OP_DELETE':
1124             self.emit('DELETE_SUBSCR')
1125
1126     # binary ops
1127
1128     def binaryOp(self, node, op):
1129         self.visit(node.left)
1130         self.visit(node.right)
1131         self.emit(op)
1132
1133     def visitAdd(self, node):
1134         return self.binaryOp(node, 'BINARY_ADD')
1135
1136     def visitSub(self, node):
1137         return self.binaryOp(node, 'BINARY_SUBTRACT')
1138
1139     def visitMul(self, node):
1140         return self.binaryOp(node, 'BINARY_MULTIPLY')
1141
1142     def visitDiv(self, node):
1143         return self.binaryOp(node, self._div_op)
1144
1145     def visitFloorDiv(self, node):
1146         return self.binaryOp(node, 'BINARY_FLOOR_DIVIDE')
1147
1148     def visitMod(self, node):
1149         return self.binaryOp(node, 'BINARY_MODULO')
1150
1151     def visitPower(self, node):
1152         return self.binaryOp(node, 'BINARY_POWER')
1153
1154     def visitLeftShift(self, node):
1155         return self.binaryOp(node, 'BINARY_LSHIFT')
1156
1157     def visitRightShift(self, node):
1158         return self.binaryOp(node, 'BINARY_RSHIFT')
1159
1160     # unary ops
1161
1162     def unaryOp(self, node, op):
1163         self.visit(node.expr)
1164         self.emit(op)
1165
1166     def visitInvert(self, node):
1167         return self.unaryOp(node, 'UNARY_INVERT')
1168
1169     def visitUnarySub(self, node):
1170         return self.unaryOp(node, 'UNARY_NEGATIVE')
1171
1172     def visitUnaryAdd(self, node):
1173         return self.unaryOp(node, 'UNARY_POSITIVE')
1174
1175     def visitUnaryInvert(self, node):
1176         return self.unaryOp(node, 'UNARY_INVERT')
1177
1178     def visitNot(self, node):
1179         return self.unaryOp(node, 'UNARY_NOT')
1180
1181     def visitBackquote(self, node):
1182         return self.unaryOp(node, 'UNARY_CONVERT')
1183
1184     # bit ops
1185
1186     def bitOp(self, nodes, op):
1187         self.visit(nodes[0])
1188         for node in nodes[1:]:
1189             self.visit(node)
1190             self.emit(op)
1191
1192     def visitBitand(self, node):
1193         return self.bitOp(node.nodes, 'BINARY_AND')
1194
1195     def visitBitor(self, node):
1196         return self.bitOp(node.nodes, 'BINARY_OR')
1197
1198     def visitBitxor(self, node):
1199         return self.bitOp(node.nodes, 'BINARY_XOR')
1200
1201     # object constructors
1202
1203     def visitEllipsis(self, node):
1204         self.emit('LOAD_CONST', Ellipsis)
1205
1206     def visitTuple(self, node):
1207         self.set_lineno(node)
1208         for elt in node.nodes:
1209             self.visit(elt)
1210         self.emit('BUILD_TUPLE', len(node.nodes))
1211
1212     def visitList(self, node):
1213         self.set_lineno(node)
1214         for elt in node.nodes:
1215             self.visit(elt)
1216         self.emit('BUILD_LIST', len(node.nodes))
1217
1218     def visitSliceobj(self, node):
1219         for child in node.nodes:
1220             self.visit(child)
1221         self.emit('BUILD_SLICE', len(node.nodes))
1222
1223     def visitDict(self, node):
1224         self.set_lineno(node)
1225         self.emit('BUILD_MAP', 0)
1226         for k, v in node.items:
1227             self.emit('DUP_TOP')
1228             self.visit(k)
1229             self.visit(v)
1230             self.emit('ROT_THREE')
1231             self.emit('STORE_SUBSCR')
1232
1233 class NestedScopeMixin:
1234     """Defines initClass() for nested scoping (Python 2.2-compatible)"""
1235     def initClass(self):
1236         self.__class__.NameFinder = LocalNameFinder
1237         self.__class__.FunctionGen = FunctionCodeGenerator
1238         self.__class__.ClassGen = ClassCodeGenerator
1239
1240 class ModuleCodeGenerator(NestedScopeMixin, CodeGenerator):
1241     __super_init = CodeGenerator.__init__
1242
1243     scopes = None
1244
1245     def __init__(self, tree):
1246         self.graph = pyassem.PyFlowGraph("<module>", tree.filename)
1247         self.futures = future.find_futures(tree)
1248         self.__super_init()
1249         walk(tree, self)
1250
1251     def get_module(self):
1252         return self
1253
1254 class ExpressionCodeGenerator(NestedScopeMixin, CodeGenerator):
1255     __super_init = CodeGenerator.__init__
1256
1257     scopes = None
1258     futures = ()
1259
1260     def __init__(self, tree):
1261         self.graph = pyassem.PyFlowGraph("<expression>", tree.filename)
1262         self.__super_init()
1263         walk(tree, self)
1264
1265     def get_module(self):
1266         return self
1267
1268 class InteractiveCodeGenerator(NestedScopeMixin, CodeGenerator):
1269
1270     __super_init = CodeGenerator.__init__
1271
1272     scopes = None
1273     futures = ()
1274
1275     def __init__(self, tree):
1276         self.graph = pyassem.PyFlowGraph("<interactive>", tree.filename)
1277         self.__super_init()
1278         self.set_lineno(tree)
1279         walk(tree, self)
1280         self.emit('RETURN_VALUE')
1281
1282     def get_module(self):
1283         return self
1284
1285     def visitDiscard(self, node):
1286         # XXX Discard means it's an expression.  Perhaps this is a bad
1287         # name.
1288         self.visit(node.expr)
1289         self.emit('PRINT_EXPR')
1290
1291 class AbstractFunctionCode:
1292     optimized = 1
1293     lambdaCount = 0
1294
1295     def __init__(self, func, scopes, isLambda, class_name, mod):
1296         self.class_name = class_name
1297         self.module = mod
1298         if isLambda:
1299             klass = FunctionCodeGenerator
1300             name = "<lambda.%d>" % klass.lambdaCount
1301             klass.lambdaCount = klass.lambdaCount + 1
1302         else:
1303             name = func.name
1304
1305         args, hasTupleArg = generateArgList(func.argnames)
1306         self.graph = pyassem.PyFlowGraph(name, func.filename, args,
1307                                          optimized=1)
1308         self.isLambda = isLambda
1309         self.super_init()
1310
1311         if not isLambda and func.doc:
1312             self.setDocstring(func.doc)
1313
1314         lnf = walk(func.code, self.NameFinder(args), verbose=0)
1315         self.locals.push(lnf.getLocals())
1316         if func.varargs:
1317             self.graph.setFlag(CO_VARARGS)
1318         if func.kwargs:
1319             self.graph.setFlag(CO_VARKEYWORDS)
1320         self.set_lineno(func)
1321         if hasTupleArg:
1322             self.generateArgUnpack(func.argnames)
1323
1324     def get_module(self):
1325         return self.module
1326
1327     def finish(self):
1328         self.graph.startExitBlock()
1329         if not self.isLambda:
1330             self.emit('LOAD_CONST', None)
1331         self.emit('RETURN_VALUE')
1332
1333     def generateArgUnpack(self, args):
1334         for i in range(len(args)):
1335             arg = args[i]
1336             if isinstance(arg, tuple):
1337                 self.emit('LOAD_FAST', '.%d' % (i * 2))
1338                 self.unpackSequence(arg)
1339
1340     def unpackSequence(self, tup):
1341         if VERSION > 1:
1342             self.emit('UNPACK_SEQUENCE', len(tup))
1343         else:
1344             self.emit('UNPACK_TUPLE', len(tup))
1345         for elt in tup:
1346             if isinstance(elt, tuple):
1347                 self.unpackSequence(elt)
1348             else:
1349                 self._nameOp('STORE', elt)
1350
1351     unpackTuple = unpackSequence
1352
1353 class FunctionCodeGenerator(NestedScopeMixin, AbstractFunctionCode,
1354                             CodeGenerator):
1355     super_init = CodeGenerator.__init__ # call be other init
1356     scopes = None
1357
1358     __super_init = AbstractFunctionCode.__init__
1359
1360     def __init__(self, func, scopes, isLambda, class_name, mod):
1361         self.scopes = scopes
1362         self.scope = scopes[func]
1363         self.__super_init(func, scopes, isLambda, class_name, mod)
1364         self.graph.setFreeVars(self.scope.get_free_vars())
1365         self.graph.setCellVars(self.scope.get_cell_vars())
1366         if self.scope.generator is not None:
1367             self.graph.setFlag(CO_GENERATOR)
1368
1369 class GenExprCodeGenerator(NestedScopeMixin, AbstractFunctionCode,
1370                            CodeGenerator):
1371     super_init = CodeGenerator.__init__ # call be other init
1372     scopes = None
1373
1374     __super_init = AbstractFunctionCode.__init__
1375
1376     def __init__(self, gexp, scopes, class_name, mod):
1377         self.scopes = scopes
1378         self.scope = scopes[gexp]
1379         self.__super_init(gexp, scopes, 1, class_name, mod)
1380         self.graph.setFreeVars(self.scope.get_free_vars())
1381         self.graph.setCellVars(self.scope.get_cell_vars())
1382         self.graph.setFlag(CO_GENERATOR)
1383
1384 class AbstractClassCode:
1385
1386     def __init__(self, klass, scopes, module):
1387         self.class_name = klass.name
1388         self.module = module
1389         self.graph = pyassem.PyFlowGraph(klass.name, klass.filename,
1390                                            optimized=0, klass=1)
1391         self.super_init()
1392         lnf = walk(klass.code, self.NameFinder(), verbose=0)
1393         self.locals.push(lnf.getLocals())
1394         self.graph.setFlag(CO_NEWLOCALS)
1395         if klass.doc:
1396             self.setDocstring(klass.doc)
1397
1398     def get_module(self):
1399         return self.module
1400
1401     def finish(self):
1402         self.graph.startExitBlock()
1403         self.emit('LOAD_LOCALS')
1404         self.emit('RETURN_VALUE')
1405
1406 class ClassCodeGenerator(NestedScopeMixin, AbstractClassCode, CodeGenerator):
1407     super_init = CodeGenerator.__init__
1408     scopes = None
1409
1410     __super_init = AbstractClassCode.__init__
1411
1412     def __init__(self, klass, scopes, module):
1413         self.scopes = scopes
1414         self.scope = scopes[klass]
1415         self.__super_init(klass, scopes, module)
1416         self.graph.setFreeVars(self.scope.get_free_vars())
1417         self.graph.setCellVars(self.scope.get_cell_vars())
1418         self.set_lineno(klass)
1419         self.emit("LOAD_GLOBAL", "__name__")
1420         self.storeName("__module__")
1421         if klass.doc:
1422             self.emit("LOAD_CONST", klass.doc)
1423             self.storeName('__doc__')
1424
1425 def generateArgList(arglist):
1426     """Generate an arg list marking TupleArgs"""
1427     args = []
1428     extra = []
1429     count = 0
1430     for i in range(len(arglist)):
1431         elt = arglist[i]
1432         if isinstance(elt, str):
1433             args.append(elt)
1434         elif isinstance(elt, tuple):
1435             args.append(TupleArg(i * 2, elt))
1436             extra.extend(misc.flatten(elt))
1437             count = count + 1
1438         else:
1439             raise ValueError, "unexpect argument type:", elt
1440     return args + extra, count
1441
1442 def findOp(node):
1443     """Find the op (DELETE, LOAD, STORE) in an AssTuple tree"""
1444     v = OpFinder()
1445     walk(node, v, verbose=0)
1446     return v.op
1447
1448 class OpFinder:
1449     def __init__(self):
1450         self.op = None
1451     def visitAssName(self, node):
1452         if self.op is None:
1453             self.op = node.flags
1454         elif self.op != node.flags:
1455             raise ValueError, "mixed ops in stmt"
1456     visitAssAttr = visitAssName
1457     visitSubscript = visitAssName
1458
1459 class Delegator:
1460     """Base class to support delegation for augmented assignment nodes
1461
1462     To generator code for augmented assignments, we use the following
1463     wrapper classes.  In visitAugAssign, the left-hand expression node
1464     is visited twice.  The first time the visit uses the normal method
1465     for that node .  The second time the visit uses a different method
1466     that generates the appropriate code to perform the assignment.
1467     These delegator classes wrap the original AST nodes in order to
1468     support the variant visit methods.
1469     """
1470     def __init__(self, obj):
1471         self.obj = obj
1472
1473     def __getattr__(self, attr):
1474         return getattr(self.obj, attr)
1475
1476 class AugGetattr(Delegator):
1477     pass
1478
1479 class AugName(Delegator):
1480     pass
1481
1482 class AugSlice(Delegator):
1483     pass
1484
1485 class AugSubscript(Delegator):
1486     pass
1487
1488 wrapper = {
1489     ast.Getattr: AugGetattr,
1490     ast.Name: AugName,
1491     ast.Slice: AugSlice,
1492     ast.Subscript: AugSubscript,
1493     }
1494
1495 def wrap_aug(node):
1496     return wrapper[node.__class__](node)
1497
1498 if __name__ == "__main__":
1499     for file in sys.argv[1:]:
1500         compileFile(file)