2 :mod:`readline` --- GNU readline interface
3 ==========================================
7 :synopsis: GNU readline support for Python.
8 .. sectionauthor:: Skip Montanaro <skip@pobox.com>
11 The :mod:`readline` module defines a number of functions to facilitate
12 completion and reading/writing of history files from the Python interpreter.
13 This module can be used directly or via the :mod:`rlcompleter` module. Settings
14 made using this module affect the behaviour of both the interpreter's
15 interactive prompt and the prompts offered by the :func:`raw_input` and
16 :func:`input` built-in functions.
18 The :mod:`readline` module defines the following functions:
21 .. function:: parse_and_bind(string)
23 Parse and execute single line of a readline init file.
26 .. function:: get_line_buffer()
28 Return the current contents of the line buffer.
31 .. function:: insert_text(string)
33 Insert text into the command line.
36 .. function:: read_init_file([filename])
38 Parse a readline initialization file. The default filename is the last filename
42 .. function:: read_history_file([filename])
44 Load a readline history file. The default filename is :file:`~/.history`.
47 .. function:: write_history_file([filename])
49 Save a readline history file. The default filename is :file:`~/.history`.
52 .. function:: clear_history()
54 Clear the current history. (Note: this function is not available if the
55 installed version of GNU readline doesn't support it.)
60 .. function:: get_history_length()
62 Return the desired length of the history file. Negative values imply unlimited
66 .. function:: set_history_length(length)
68 Set the number of lines to save in the history file. :func:`write_history_file`
69 uses this value to truncate the history file when saving. Negative values imply
70 unlimited history file size.
73 .. function:: get_current_history_length()
75 Return the number of lines currently in the history. (This is different from
76 :func:`get_history_length`, which returns the maximum number of lines that will
77 be written to a history file.)
82 .. function:: get_history_item(index)
84 Return the current contents of history item at *index*.
89 .. function:: remove_history_item(pos)
91 Remove history item specified by its position from the history.
96 .. function:: replace_history_item(pos, line)
98 Replace history item specified by its position with the given line.
100 .. versionadded:: 2.4
103 .. function:: redisplay()
105 Change what's displayed on the screen to reflect the current contents of the
108 .. versionadded:: 2.3
111 .. function:: set_startup_hook([function])
113 Set or remove the startup_hook function. If *function* is specified, it will be
114 used as the new startup_hook function; if omitted or ``None``, any hook function
115 already installed is removed. The startup_hook function is called with no
116 arguments just before readline prints the first prompt.
119 .. function:: set_pre_input_hook([function])
121 Set or remove the pre_input_hook function. If *function* is specified, it will
122 be used as the new pre_input_hook function; if omitted or ``None``, any hook
123 function already installed is removed. The pre_input_hook function is called
124 with no arguments after the first prompt has been printed and just before
125 readline starts reading input characters.
128 .. function:: set_completer([function])
130 Set or remove the completer function. If *function* is specified, it will be
131 used as the new completer function; if omitted or ``None``, any completer
132 function already installed is removed. The completer function is called as
133 ``function(text, state)``, for *state* in ``0``, ``1``, ``2``, ..., until it
134 returns a non-string value. It should return the next possible completion
135 starting with *text*.
138 .. function:: get_completer()
140 Get the completer function, or ``None`` if no completer function has been set.
142 .. versionadded:: 2.3
145 .. function:: get_completion_type()
147 Get the type of completion being attempted.
149 .. versionadded:: 2.6
151 .. function:: get_begidx()
153 Get the beginning index of the readline tab-completion scope.
156 .. function:: get_endidx()
158 Get the ending index of the readline tab-completion scope.
161 .. function:: set_completer_delims(string)
163 Set the readline word delimiters for tab-completion.
166 .. function:: get_completer_delims()
168 Get the readline word delimiters for tab-completion.
170 .. function:: set_completion_display_matches_hook([function])
172 Set or remove the completion display function. If *function* is
173 specified, it will be used as the new completion display function;
174 if omitted or ``None``, any completion display function already
175 installed is removed. The completion display function is called as
176 ``function(substitution, [matches], longest_match_length)`` once
177 each time matches need to be displayed.
179 .. versionadded:: 2.6
181 .. function:: add_history(line)
183 Append a line to the history buffer, as if it was the last line typed.
188 Module :mod:`rlcompleter`
189 Completion of Python identifiers at the interactive prompt.
192 .. _readline-example:
197 The following example demonstrates how to use the :mod:`readline` module's
198 history reading and writing functions to automatically load and save a history
199 file named :file:`.pyhist` from the user's home directory. The code below would
200 normally be executed automatically during interactive sessions from the user's
201 :envvar:`PYTHONSTARTUP` file. ::
204 histfile = os.path.join(os.environ["HOME"], ".pyhist")
206 readline.read_history_file(histfile)
210 atexit.register(readline.write_history_file, histfile)
213 The following example extends the :class:`code.InteractiveConsole` class to
214 support history save/restore. ::
221 class HistoryConsole(code.InteractiveConsole):
222 def __init__(self, locals=None, filename="<console>",
223 histfile=os.path.expanduser("~/.console-history")):
224 code.InteractiveConsole.__init__(self)
225 self.init_history(histfile)
227 def init_history(self, histfile):
228 readline.parse_and_bind("tab: complete")
229 if hasattr(readline, "read_history_file"):
231 readline.read_history_file(histfile)
234 atexit.register(self.save_history, histfile)
236 def save_history(self, histfile):
237 readline.write_history_file(histfile)