8 .. index:: object: file
10 Python's built-in file objects are implemented entirely on the :ctype:`FILE\*`
11 support from the C standard library. This is an implementation detail and may
12 change in future releases of Python.
15 .. ctype:: PyFileObject
17 This subtype of :ctype:`PyObject` represents a Python file object.
20 .. cvar:: PyTypeObject PyFile_Type
22 .. index:: single: FileType (in module types)
24 This instance of :ctype:`PyTypeObject` represents the Python file type. This is
25 exposed to Python programs as ``file`` and ``types.FileType``.
28 .. cfunction:: int PyFile_Check(PyObject *p)
30 Return true if its argument is a :ctype:`PyFileObject` or a subtype of
31 :ctype:`PyFileObject`.
33 .. versionchanged:: 2.2
34 Allowed subtypes to be accepted.
37 .. cfunction:: int PyFile_CheckExact(PyObject *p)
39 Return true if its argument is a :ctype:`PyFileObject`, but not a subtype of
40 :ctype:`PyFileObject`.
45 .. cfunction:: PyObject* PyFile_FromString(char *filename, char *mode)
47 .. index:: single: fopen()
49 On success, return a new file object that is opened on the file given by
50 *filename*, with a file mode given by *mode*, where *mode* has the same
51 semantics as the standard C routine :cfunc:`fopen`. On failure, return *NULL*.
54 .. cfunction:: PyObject* PyFile_FromFile(FILE *fp, char *name, char *mode, int (*close)(FILE*))
56 Create a new :ctype:`PyFileObject` from the already-open standard C file
57 pointer, *fp*. The function *close* will be called when the file should be
58 closed. Return *NULL* on failure.
61 .. cfunction:: FILE* PyFile_AsFile(PyObject \*p)
63 Return the file object associated with *p* as a :ctype:`FILE\*`.
65 If the caller will ever use the returned :ctype:`FILE\*` object while
66 the GIL is released it must also call the :cfunc:`PyFile_IncUseCount` and
67 :cfunc:`PyFile_DecUseCount` functions described below as appropriate.
70 .. cfunction:: void PyFile_IncUseCount(PyFileObject \*p)
72 Increments the PyFileObject's internal use count to indicate
73 that the underlying :ctype:`FILE\*` is being used.
74 This prevents Python from calling f_close() on it from another thread.
75 Callers of this must call :cfunc:`PyFile_DecUseCount` when they are
76 finished with the :ctype:`FILE\*`. Otherwise the file object will
77 never be closed by Python.
79 The GIL must be held while calling this function.
81 The suggested use is to call this after :cfunc:`PyFile_AsFile` just before
87 .. cfunction:: void PyFile_DecUseCount(PyFileObject \*p)
89 Decrements the PyFileObject's internal unlocked_count member to
90 indicate that the caller is done with its own use of the :ctype:`FILE\*`.
91 This may only be called to undo a prior call to :cfunc:`PyFile_IncUseCount`.
93 The GIL must be held while calling this function.
98 .. cfunction:: PyObject* PyFile_GetLine(PyObject *p, int n)
100 .. index:: single: EOFError (built-in exception)
102 Equivalent to ``p.readline([n])``, this function reads one line from the
103 object *p*. *p* may be a file object or any object with a :meth:`readline`
104 method. If *n* is ``0``, exactly one line is read, regardless of the length of
105 the line. If *n* is greater than ``0``, no more than *n* bytes will be read
106 from the file; a partial line can be returned. In both cases, an empty string
107 is returned if the end of the file is reached immediately. If *n* is less than
108 ``0``, however, one line is read regardless of length, but :exc:`EOFError` is
109 raised if the end of the file is reached immediately.
112 .. cfunction:: PyObject* PyFile_Name(PyObject *p)
114 Return the name of the file specified by *p* as a string object.
117 .. cfunction:: void PyFile_SetBufSize(PyFileObject *p, int n)
119 .. index:: single: setvbuf()
121 Available on systems with :cfunc:`setvbuf` only. This should only be called
122 immediately after file object creation.
125 .. cfunction:: int PyFile_SetEncoding(PyFileObject *p, const char *enc)
127 Set the file's encoding for Unicode output to *enc*. Return 1 on success and 0
130 .. versionadded:: 2.3
133 .. cfunction:: int PyFile_SetEncodingAndErrors(PyFileObject *p, const char *enc, *errors)
135 Set the file's encoding for Unicode output to *enc*, and its error
136 mode to *err*. Return 1 on success and 0 on failure.
138 .. versionadded:: 2.6
141 .. cfunction:: int PyFile_SoftSpace(PyObject *p, int newflag)
143 .. index:: single: softspace (file attribute)
145 This function exists for internal use by the interpreter. Set the
146 :attr:`softspace` attribute of *p* to *newflag* and return the previous value.
147 *p* does not have to be a file object for this function to work properly; any
148 object is supported (thought its only interesting if the :attr:`softspace`
149 attribute can be set). This function clears any errors, and will return ``0``
150 as the previous value if the attribute either does not exist or if there were
151 errors in retrieving it. There is no way to detect errors from this function,
152 but doing so should not be needed.
155 .. cfunction:: int PyFile_WriteObject(PyObject *obj, PyObject *p, int flags)
157 .. index:: single: Py_PRINT_RAW
159 Write object *obj* to file object *p*. The only supported flag for *flags* is
160 :const:`Py_PRINT_RAW`; if given, the :func:`str` of the object is written
161 instead of the :func:`repr`. Return ``0`` on success or ``-1`` on failure; the
162 appropriate exception will be set.
165 .. cfunction:: int PyFile_WriteString(const char *s, PyObject *p)
167 Write string *s* to file object *p*. Return ``0`` on success or ``-1`` on
168 failure; the appropriate exception will be set.