2 :mod:`StringIO` --- Read and write strings as files
3 ===================================================
6 :synopsis: Read and write strings as if they were files.
9 This module implements a file-like class, :class:`StringIO`, that reads and
10 writes a string buffer (also known as *memory files*). See the description of
11 file objects for operations (section :ref:`bltin-file-objects`). (For
12 standard strings, see :class:`str` and :class:`unicode`.)
15 .. class:: StringIO([buffer])
17 When a :class:`StringIO` object is created, it can be initialized to an existing
18 string by passing the string to the constructor. If no string is given, the
19 :class:`StringIO` will start empty. In both cases, the initial file position
22 The :class:`StringIO` object can accept either Unicode or 8-bit strings, but
23 mixing the two may take some care. If both are used, 8-bit strings that cannot
24 be interpreted as 7-bit ASCII (that use the 8th bit) will cause a
25 :exc:`UnicodeError` to be raised when :meth:`getvalue` is called.
27 The following methods of :class:`StringIO` objects require special mention:
30 .. method:: StringIO.getvalue()
32 Retrieve the entire contents of the "file" at any time before the
33 :class:`StringIO` object's :meth:`close` method is called. See the note above
34 for information about mixing Unicode and 8-bit strings; such mixing can cause
35 this method to raise :exc:`UnicodeError`.
38 .. method:: StringIO.close()
40 Free the memory buffer.
46 output = StringIO.StringIO()
47 output.write('First line.\n')
48 print >>output, 'Second line.'
50 # Retrieve file contents -- this will be
51 # 'First line.\nSecond line.\n'
52 contents = output.getvalue()
54 # Close object and discard memory buffer --
55 # .getvalue() will now raise an exception.
59 :mod:`cStringIO` --- Faster version of :mod:`StringIO`
60 ======================================================
63 :synopsis: Faster version of StringIO, but not subclassable.
64 .. moduleauthor:: Jim Fulton <jim@zope.com>
65 .. sectionauthor:: Fred L. Drake, Jr. <fdrake@acm.org>
68 The module :mod:`cStringIO` provides an interface similar to that of the
69 :mod:`StringIO` module. Heavy use of :class:`StringIO.StringIO` objects can be
70 made more efficient by using the function :func:`StringIO` from this module
73 Since this module provides a factory function which returns objects of built-in
74 types, there's no way to build your own version using subclassing. Use the
75 original :mod:`StringIO` module in that case.
77 Unlike the memory files implemented by the :mod:`StringIO` module, those
78 provided by this module are not able to accept Unicode strings that cannot be
79 encoded as plain ASCII strings.
81 Calling :func:`StringIO` with a Unicode string parameter populates
82 the object with the buffer representation of the Unicode string, instead of
85 Another difference from the :mod:`StringIO` module is that calling
86 :func:`StringIO` with a string parameter creates a read-only object. Unlike an
87 object created without a string parameter, it does not have write methods.
88 These objects are not generally visible. They turn up in tracebacks as
89 :class:`StringI` and :class:`StringO`.
91 The following data objects are provided as well:
96 The type object of the objects created by calling :func:`StringIO` with a string
102 The type object of the objects returned by calling :func:`StringIO` with no
105 There is a C API to the module as well; refer to the module source for more
112 output = cStringIO.StringIO()
113 output.write('First line.\n')
114 print >>output, 'Second line.'
116 # Retrieve file contents -- this will be
117 # 'First line.\nSecond line.\n'
118 contents = output.getvalue()
120 # Close object and discard memory buffer --
121 # .getvalue() will now raise an exception.