2 :mod:`atexit` --- Exit handlers
3 ===============================
6 :synopsis: Register and execute cleanup functions.
7 .. moduleauthor:: Skip Montanaro <skip@pobox.com>
8 .. sectionauthor:: Skip Montanaro <skip@pobox.com>
13 The :mod:`atexit` module defines a single function to register cleanup
14 functions. Functions thus registered are automatically executed upon normal
15 interpreter termination.
17 Note: the functions registered via this module are not called when the program
18 is killed by a signal, when a Python fatal internal error is detected, or when
19 :func:`os._exit` is called.
21 .. index:: single: exitfunc (in sys)
23 This is an alternate interface to the functionality provided by the
24 ``sys.exitfunc`` variable.
26 Note: This module is unlikely to work correctly when used with other code that
27 sets ``sys.exitfunc``. In particular, other core Python modules are free to use
28 :mod:`atexit` without the programmer's knowledge. Authors who use
29 ``sys.exitfunc`` should convert their code to use :mod:`atexit` instead. The
30 simplest way to convert code that sets ``sys.exitfunc`` is to import
31 :mod:`atexit` and register the function that had been bound to ``sys.exitfunc``.
34 .. function:: register(func[, *args[, **kargs]])
36 Register *func* as a function to be executed at termination. Any optional
37 arguments that are to be passed to *func* must be passed as arguments to
40 At normal program termination (for instance, if :func:`sys.exit` is called or
41 the main module's execution completes), all functions registered are called in
42 last in, first out order. The assumption is that lower level modules will
43 normally be imported before higher level modules and thus must be cleaned up
46 If an exception is raised during execution of the exit handlers, a traceback is
47 printed (unless :exc:`SystemExit` is raised) and the exception information is
48 saved. After all exit handlers have had a chance to run the last exception to
49 be raised is re-raised.
51 .. versionchanged:: 2.6
52 This function now returns *func* which makes it possible to use it as a
53 decorator without binding the original name to ``None``.
58 Module :mod:`readline`
59 Useful example of :mod:`atexit` to read and write :mod:`readline` history files.
67 The following simple example demonstrates how a module can initialize a counter
68 from a file when it is imported and save the counter's updated value
69 automatically when the program terminates without relying on the application
70 making an explicit call into this module at termination. ::
73 _count = int(open("/tmp/counter").read())
82 open("/tmp/counter", "w").write("%d" % _count)
85 atexit.register(savecounter)
87 Positional and keyword arguments may also be passed to :func:`register` to be
88 passed along to the registered function when it is called::
90 def goodbye(name, adjective):
91 print 'Goodbye, %s, it was %s to meet you.' % (name, adjective)
94 atexit.register(goodbye, 'Donny', 'nice')
97 atexit.register(goodbye, adjective='nice', name='Donny')
99 Usage as a :term:`decorator`::
105 print "You are now leaving the Python sector."
107 This obviously only works with functions that don't take arguments.