2 :mod:`StringIO` --- Read and write strings as files
3 ===================================================
6 :synopsis: Read and write strings as if they were files.
9 This module implements a file-like class, :class:`StringIO`, that reads and
10 writes a string buffer (also known as *memory files*). See the description of
11 file objects for operations (section :ref:`bltin-file-objects`). (For
12 standard strings, see :class:`str` and :class:`unicode`.)
15 .. class:: StringIO([buffer])
17 When a :class:`StringIO` object is created, it can be initialized to an existing
18 string by passing the string to the constructor. If no string is given, the
19 :class:`StringIO` will start empty. In both cases, the initial file position
22 The :class:`StringIO` object can accept either Unicode or 8-bit strings, but
23 mixing the two may take some care. If both are used, 8-bit strings that cannot
24 be interpreted as 7-bit ASCII (that use the 8th bit) will cause a
25 :exc:`UnicodeError` to be raised when :meth:`getvalue` is called.
27 The following methods of :class:`StringIO` objects require special mention:
30 .. method:: StringIO.getvalue()
32 Retrieve the entire contents of the "file" at any time before the
33 :class:`StringIO` object's :meth:`close` method is called. See the note above
34 for information about mixing Unicode and 8-bit strings; such mixing can cause
35 this method to raise :exc:`UnicodeError`.
38 .. method:: StringIO.close()
40 Free the memory buffer. Attempting to do further operations with a closed
41 :class:`StringIO` object will raise a :exc:`ValueError`.
47 output = StringIO.StringIO()
48 output.write('First line.\n')
49 print >>output, 'Second line.'
51 # Retrieve file contents -- this will be
52 # 'First line.\nSecond line.\n'
53 contents = output.getvalue()
55 # Close object and discard memory buffer --
56 # .getvalue() will now raise an exception.
60 :mod:`cStringIO` --- Faster version of :mod:`StringIO`
61 ======================================================
64 :synopsis: Faster version of StringIO, but not subclassable.
65 .. moduleauthor:: Jim Fulton <jim@zope.com>
66 .. sectionauthor:: Fred L. Drake, Jr. <fdrake@acm.org>
69 The module :mod:`cStringIO` provides an interface similar to that of the
70 :mod:`StringIO` module. Heavy use of :class:`StringIO.StringIO` objects can be
71 made more efficient by using the function :func:`StringIO` from this module
74 Since this module provides a factory function which returns objects of built-in
75 types, there's no way to build your own version using subclassing. It's not
76 possible to set attributes on it. Use the original :mod:`StringIO` module in
79 Unlike the memory files implemented by the :mod:`StringIO` module, those
80 provided by this module are not able to accept Unicode strings that cannot be
81 encoded as plain ASCII strings.
83 Calling :func:`StringIO` with a Unicode string parameter populates
84 the object with the buffer representation of the Unicode string, instead of
87 Another difference from the :mod:`StringIO` module is that calling
88 :func:`StringIO` with a string parameter creates a read-only object. Unlike an
89 object created without a string parameter, it does not have write methods.
90 These objects are not generally visible. They turn up in tracebacks as
91 :class:`StringI` and :class:`StringO`.
93 The following data objects are provided as well:
98 The type object of the objects created by calling :func:`StringIO` with a string
104 The type object of the objects returned by calling :func:`StringIO` with no
107 There is a C API to the module as well; refer to the module source for more
114 output = cStringIO.StringIO()
115 output.write('First line.\n')
116 print >>output, 'Second line.'
118 # Retrieve file contents -- this will be
119 # 'First line.\nSecond line.\n'
120 contents = output.getvalue()
122 # Close object and discard memory buffer --
123 # .getvalue() will now raise an exception.