Translated using Weblate (Japanese)
[phpmyadmin.git] / import.php
blob63f8a556892fada2f2e15665b98f5311b009232c
1 <?php
2 /* vim: set expandtab sw=4 ts=4 sts=4: */
3 /**
4 * Core script for import, this is just the glue around all other stuff
6 * @package PhpMyAdmin
7 */
8 use PMA\libraries\Response;
9 use PMA\libraries\Encoding;
10 use PMA\libraries\plugins\ImportPlugin;
11 use PMA\libraries\File;
12 use PMA\libraries\URL;
13 use PMA\libraries\Util;
14 use PMA\libraries\Bookmark;
16 /* Enable LOAD DATA LOCAL INFILE for LDI plugin */
17 if (isset($_POST['format']) && $_POST['format'] == 'ldi') {
18 define('PMA_ENABLE_LDI', 1);
21 /**
22 * Get the variables sent or posted to this script and a core script
24 require_once 'libraries/common.inc.php';
25 require_once 'libraries/sql.lib.php';
26 //require_once 'libraries/display_import_functions.lib.php';
28 if (isset($_REQUEST['show_as_php'])) {
29 $GLOBALS['show_as_php'] = $_REQUEST['show_as_php'];
32 // Import functions.
33 require_once 'libraries/import.lib.php';
35 // If there is a request to 'Simulate DML'.
36 if (isset($_REQUEST['simulate_dml'])) {
37 PMA_handleSimulateDMLRequest();
38 exit;
41 $response = Response::getInstance();
43 // If it's a refresh console bookmarks request
44 if (isset($_REQUEST['console_bookmark_refresh'])) {
45 $response->addJSON(
46 'console_message_bookmark', PMA\libraries\Console::getBookmarkContent()
48 exit;
50 // If it's a console bookmark add request
51 if (isset($_REQUEST['console_bookmark_add'])) {
52 if (isset($_REQUEST['label']) && isset($_REQUEST['db'])
53 && isset($_REQUEST['bookmark_query']) && isset($_REQUEST['shared'])
54 ) {
55 $cfgBookmark = Bookmark::getParams();
56 $bookmarkFields = array(
57 'bkm_database' => $_REQUEST['db'],
58 'bkm_user' => $cfgBookmark['user'],
59 'bkm_sql_query' => $_REQUEST['bookmark_query'],
60 'bkm_label' => $_REQUEST['label']
62 $isShared = ($_REQUEST['shared'] == 'true' ? true : false);
63 $bookmark = Bookmark::createBookmark($bookmarkFields, $isShared);
64 if ($bookmark !== false && $bookmark->save()) {
65 $response->addJSON('message', __('Succeeded'));
66 $response->addJSON('data', $bookmarkFields);
67 $response->addJSON('isShared', $isShared);
68 } else {
69 $response->addJSON('message', __('Failed'));
71 die();
72 } else {
73 $response->addJSON('message', __('Incomplete params'));
74 die();
78 $format = '';
80 /**
81 * Sets globals from $_POST
83 $post_params = array(
84 'charset_of_file',
85 'format',
86 'import_type',
87 'is_js_confirmed',
88 'MAX_FILE_SIZE',
89 'message_to_show',
90 'noplugin',
91 'skip_queries',
92 'local_import_file'
95 foreach ($post_params as $one_post_param) {
96 if (isset($_POST[$one_post_param])) {
97 $GLOBALS[$one_post_param] = $_POST[$one_post_param];
101 // reset import messages for ajax request
102 $_SESSION['Import_message']['message'] = null;
103 $_SESSION['Import_message']['go_back_url'] = null;
104 // default values
105 $GLOBALS['reload'] = false;
107 // Use to identify current cycle is executing
108 // a multiquery statement or stored routine
109 if (!isset($_SESSION['is_multi_query'])) {
110 $_SESSION['is_multi_query'] = false;
113 $ajax_reload = array();
114 // Are we just executing plain query or sql file?
115 // (eg. non import, but query box/window run)
116 if (! empty($sql_query)) {
118 // apply values for parameters
119 if (! empty($_REQUEST['parameterized'])
120 && ! empty($_REQUEST['parameters'])
121 && is_array($_REQUEST['parameters'])
123 $parameters = $_REQUEST['parameters'];
124 foreach ($parameters as $parameter => $replacement) {
125 $quoted = preg_quote($parameter, '/');
126 // making sure that :param does not apply values to :param1
127 $sql_query = preg_replace(
128 '/' . $quoted . '([^a-zA-Z0-9_])/',
129 $GLOBALS['dbi']->escapeString($replacement) . '${1}',
130 $sql_query
132 // for parameters the appear at the end of the string
133 $sql_query = preg_replace(
134 '/' . $quoted . '$/',
135 $GLOBALS['dbi']->escapeString($replacement),
136 $sql_query
141 // run SQL query
142 $import_text = $sql_query;
143 $import_type = 'query';
144 $format = 'sql';
145 $_SESSION['sql_from_query_box'] = true;
147 // If there is a request to ROLLBACK when finished.
148 if (isset($_REQUEST['rollback_query'])) {
149 PMA_handleRollbackRequest($import_text);
152 // refresh navigation and main panels
153 if (preg_match('/^(DROP)\s+(VIEW|TABLE|DATABASE|SCHEMA)\s+/i', $sql_query)) {
154 $GLOBALS['reload'] = true;
155 $ajax_reload['reload'] = true;
158 // refresh navigation panel only
159 if (preg_match(
160 '/^(CREATE|ALTER)\s+(VIEW|TABLE|DATABASE|SCHEMA)\s+/i',
161 $sql_query
162 )) {
163 $ajax_reload['reload'] = true;
166 // do a dynamic reload if table is RENAMED
167 // (by sending the instruction to the AJAX response handler)
168 if (preg_match(
169 '/^RENAME\s+TABLE\s+(.*?)\s+TO\s+(.*?)($|;|\s)/i',
170 $sql_query,
171 $rename_table_names
172 )) {
173 $ajax_reload['reload'] = true;
174 $ajax_reload['table_name'] = PMA\libraries\Util::unQuote(
175 $rename_table_names[2]
179 $sql_query = '';
180 } elseif (! empty($sql_file)) {
181 // run uploaded SQL file
182 $import_file = $sql_file;
183 $import_type = 'queryfile';
184 $format = 'sql';
185 unset($sql_file);
186 } elseif (! empty($_REQUEST['id_bookmark'])) {
187 // run bookmark
188 $import_type = 'query';
189 $format = 'sql';
192 // If we didn't get any parameters, either user called this directly, or
193 // upload limit has been reached, let's assume the second possibility.
194 if ($_POST == array() && $_GET == array()) {
195 $message = PMA\libraries\Message::error(
197 'You probably tried to upload a file that is too large. Please refer ' .
198 'to %sdocumentation%s for a workaround for this limit.'
201 $message->addParam('[doc@faq1-16]');
202 $message->addParam('[/doc]');
204 // so we can obtain the message
205 $_SESSION['Import_message']['message'] = $message->getDisplay();
206 $_SESSION['Import_message']['go_back_url'] = $GLOBALS['goto'];
208 $response->setRequestStatus(false);
209 $response->addJSON('message', $message);
211 exit; // the footer is displayed automatically
214 // Add console message id to response output
215 if (isset($_POST['console_message_id'])) {
216 $response->addJSON('console_message_id', $_POST['console_message_id']);
220 * Sets globals from $_POST patterns, for import plugins
221 * We only need to load the selected plugin
224 if (! in_array(
225 $format,
226 array(
227 'csv',
228 'ldi',
229 'mediawiki',
230 'ods',
231 'shp',
232 'sql',
233 'xml'
237 // this should not happen for a normal user
238 // but only during an attack
239 PMA_fatalError('Incorrect format parameter');
242 $post_patterns = array(
243 '/^force_file_/',
244 '/^' . $format . '_/'
247 PMA_setPostAsGlobal($post_patterns);
249 // Check needed parameters
250 PMA\libraries\Util::checkParameters(array('import_type', 'format'));
252 // We don't want anything special in format
253 $format = PMA_securePath($format);
255 if (strlen($table) > 0 && strlen($db) > 0) {
256 $urlparams = array('db' => $db, 'table' => $table);
257 } elseif (strlen($db) > 0) {
258 $urlparams = array('db' => $db);
259 } else {
260 $urlparams = array();
263 // Create error and goto url
264 if ($import_type == 'table') {
265 $goto = 'tbl_import.php';
266 } elseif ($import_type == 'database') {
267 $goto = 'db_import.php';
268 } elseif ($import_type == 'server') {
269 $goto = 'server_import.php';
270 } else {
271 if (empty($goto) || !preg_match('@^(server|db|tbl)(_[a-z]*)*\.php$@i', $goto)) {
272 if (strlen($table) > 0 && strlen($db) > 0) {
273 $goto = 'tbl_structure.php';
274 } elseif (strlen($db) > 0) {
275 $goto = 'db_structure.php';
276 } else {
277 $goto = 'server_sql.php';
281 $err_url = $goto . URL::getCommon($urlparams);
282 $_SESSION['Import_message']['go_back_url'] = $err_url;
283 // Avoid setting selflink to 'import.php'
284 // problem similar to bug 4276
285 if (basename($_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME']) === 'import.php') {
286 $_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME'] = $goto;
290 if (strlen($db) > 0) {
291 $GLOBALS['dbi']->selectDb($db);
294 Util::setTimeLimit();
295 if (! empty($cfg['MemoryLimit'])) {
296 @ini_set('memory_limit', $cfg['MemoryLimit']);
299 $timestamp = time();
300 if (isset($_REQUEST['allow_interrupt'])) {
301 $maximum_time = ini_get('max_execution_time');
302 } else {
303 $maximum_time = 0;
306 // set default values
307 $timeout_passed = false;
308 $error = false;
309 $read_multiply = 1;
310 $finished = false;
311 $offset = 0;
312 $max_sql_len = 0;
313 $file_to_unlink = '';
314 $sql_query = '';
315 $sql_query_disabled = false;
316 $go_sql = false;
317 $executed_queries = 0;
318 $run_query = true;
319 $charset_conversion = false;
320 $reset_charset = false;
321 $bookmark_created = false;
322 $result = false;
323 $msg = 'Sorry an unexpected error happened!';
325 // Bookmark Support: get a query back from bookmark if required
326 if (! empty($_REQUEST['id_bookmark'])) {
327 $id_bookmark = (int)$_REQUEST['id_bookmark'];
328 switch ($_REQUEST['action_bookmark']) {
329 case 0: // bookmarked query that have to be run
330 $bookmark = Bookmark::get(
331 $db,
332 $id_bookmark,
333 'id',
334 isset($_REQUEST['action_bookmark_all'])
337 if (! empty($_REQUEST['bookmark_variable'])) {
338 $import_text = $bookmark->applyVariables(
339 $_REQUEST['bookmark_variable']
341 } else {
342 $import_text = $bookmark->getQuery();
345 // refresh navigation and main panels
346 if (preg_match(
347 '/^(DROP)\s+(VIEW|TABLE|DATABASE|SCHEMA)\s+/i',
348 $import_text
349 )) {
350 $GLOBALS['reload'] = true;
351 $ajax_reload['reload'] = true;
354 // refresh navigation panel only
355 if (preg_match(
356 '/^(CREATE|ALTER)\s+(VIEW|TABLE|DATABASE|SCHEMA)\s+/i',
357 $import_text
360 $ajax_reload['reload'] = true;
362 break;
363 case 1: // bookmarked query that have to be displayed
364 $bookmark = Bookmark::get($db, $id_bookmark);
365 $import_text = $bookmark->getQuery();
366 if ($response->isAjax()) {
367 $message = PMA\libraries\Message::success(__('Showing bookmark'));
368 $response->setRequestStatus($message->isSuccess());
369 $response->addJSON('message', $message);
370 $response->addJSON('sql_query', $import_text);
371 $response->addJSON('action_bookmark', $_REQUEST['action_bookmark']);
372 exit;
373 } else {
374 $run_query = false;
376 break;
377 case 2: // bookmarked query that have to be deleted
378 $bookmark = Bookmark::get($db, $id_bookmark);
379 if (! empty($bookmark)) {
380 $bookmark->delete();
381 if ($response->isAjax()) {
382 $message = PMA\libraries\Message::success(
383 __('The bookmark has been deleted.')
385 $response->setRequestStatus($message->isSuccess());
386 $response->addJSON('message', $message);
387 $response->addJSON('action_bookmark', $_REQUEST['action_bookmark']);
388 $response->addJSON('id_bookmark', $id_bookmark);
389 exit;
390 } else {
391 $run_query = false;
392 $error = true; // this is kind of hack to skip processing the query
396 break;
398 } // end bookmarks reading
400 // Do no run query if we show PHP code
401 if (isset($GLOBALS['show_as_php'])) {
402 $run_query = false;
403 $go_sql = true;
406 // We can not read all at once, otherwise we can run out of memory
407 $memory_limit = trim(@ini_get('memory_limit'));
408 // 2 MB as default
409 if (empty($memory_limit)) {
410 $memory_limit = 2 * 1024 * 1024;
412 // In case no memory limit we work on 10MB chunks
413 if ($memory_limit == -1) {
414 $memory_limit = 10 * 1024 * 1024;
417 // Calculate value of the limit
418 $memoryUnit = mb_strtolower(substr($memory_limit, -1));
419 if ('m' == $memoryUnit) {
420 $memory_limit = (int)substr($memory_limit, 0, -1) * 1024 * 1024;
421 } elseif ('k' == $memoryUnit) {
422 $memory_limit = (int)substr($memory_limit, 0, -1) * 1024;
423 } elseif ('g' == $memoryUnit) {
424 $memory_limit = (int)substr($memory_limit, 0, -1) * 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
425 } else {
426 $memory_limit = (int)$memory_limit;
429 // Just to be sure, there might be lot of memory needed for uncompression
430 $read_limit = $memory_limit / 8;
432 // handle filenames
433 if (isset($_FILES['import_file'])) {
434 $import_file = $_FILES['import_file']['tmp_name'];
436 if (! empty($local_import_file) && ! empty($cfg['UploadDir'])) {
438 // sanitize $local_import_file as it comes from a POST
439 $local_import_file = PMA_securePath($local_import_file);
441 $import_file = PMA\libraries\Util::userDir($cfg['UploadDir'])
442 . $local_import_file;
445 * Do not allow symlinks to avoid security issues
446 * (user can create symlink to file he can not access,
447 * but phpMyAdmin can).
449 if (@is_link($import_file)) {
450 $import_file = 'none';
453 } elseif (empty($import_file) || ! is_uploaded_file($import_file)) {
454 $import_file = 'none';
457 // Do we have file to import?
459 if ($import_file != 'none' && ! $error) {
461 * Handle file compression
463 $import_handle = new File($import_file);
464 $import_handle->checkUploadedFile();
465 if ($import_handle->isError()) {
466 PMA_stopImport($import_handle->getError());
468 $import_handle->setDecompressContent(true);
469 $import_handle->open();
470 if ($import_handle->isError()) {
471 PMA_stopImport($import_handle->getError());
473 } elseif (! $error) {
474 if (! isset($import_text) || empty($import_text)) {
475 $message = PMA\libraries\Message::error(
477 'No data was received to import. Either no file name was ' .
478 'submitted, or the file size exceeded the maximum size permitted ' .
479 'by your PHP configuration. See [doc@faq1-16]FAQ 1.16[/doc].'
482 PMA_stopImport($message);
486 // so we can obtain the message
487 //$_SESSION['Import_message'] = $message->getDisplay();
489 // Convert the file's charset if necessary
490 if (Encoding::isSupported() && isset($charset_of_file)) {
491 if ($charset_of_file != 'utf-8') {
492 $charset_conversion = true;
494 } elseif (isset($charset_of_file) && $charset_of_file != 'utf-8') {
495 $GLOBALS['dbi']->query('SET NAMES \'' . $charset_of_file . '\'');
496 // We can not show query in this case, it is in different charset
497 $sql_query_disabled = true;
498 $reset_charset = true;
501 // Something to skip? (because timeout has passed)
502 if (! $error && isset($_POST['skip'])) {
503 $original_skip = $skip = intval($_POST['skip']);
504 while ($skip > 0 && ! $finished) {
505 PMA_importGetNextChunk($skip < $read_limit ? $skip : $read_limit);
506 // Disable read progressivity, otherwise we eat all memory!
507 $read_multiply = 1;
508 $skip -= $read_limit;
510 unset($skip);
513 // This array contain the data like numberof valid sql queries in the statement
514 // and complete valid sql statement (which affected for rows)
515 $sql_data = array('valid_sql' => array(), 'valid_queries' => 0);
517 if (! $error) {
518 // Check for file existence
519 include_once "libraries/plugin_interface.lib.php";
520 /* @var $import_plugin ImportPlugin */
521 $import_plugin = PMA_getPlugin(
522 "import",
523 $format,
524 'libraries/plugins/import/',
525 $import_type
527 if ($import_plugin == null) {
528 $message = PMA\libraries\Message::error(
529 __('Could not load import plugins, please check your installation!')
531 PMA_stopImport($message);
532 } else {
533 // Do the real import
534 try {
535 $default_fk_check = PMA\libraries\Util::handleDisableFKCheckInit();
536 $import_plugin->doImport($sql_data);
537 PMA\libraries\Util::handleDisableFKCheckCleanup($default_fk_check);
538 } catch (Exception $e) {
539 PMA\libraries\Util::handleDisableFKCheckCleanup($default_fk_check);
540 throw $e;
545 if (isset($import_handle)) {
546 $import_handle->close();
549 // Cleanup temporary file
550 if ($file_to_unlink != '') {
551 unlink($file_to_unlink);
554 // Reset charset back, if we did some changes
555 if ($reset_charset) {
556 $GLOBALS['dbi']->query('SET CHARACTER SET utf8');
557 $GLOBALS['dbi']->query(
558 'SET SESSION collation_connection =\'' . $collation_connection . '\''
562 // Show correct message
563 if (! empty($id_bookmark) && $_REQUEST['action_bookmark'] == 2) {
564 $message = PMA\libraries\Message::success(__('The bookmark has been deleted.'));
565 $display_query = $import_text;
566 $error = false; // unset error marker, it was used just to skip processing
567 } elseif (! empty($id_bookmark) && $_REQUEST['action_bookmark'] == 1) {
568 $message = PMA\libraries\Message::notice(__('Showing bookmark'));
569 } elseif ($bookmark_created) {
570 $special_message = '[br]' . sprintf(
571 __('Bookmark %s has been created.'),
572 htmlspecialchars($_POST['bkm_label'])
574 } elseif ($finished && ! $error) {
575 // Do not display the query with message, we do it separately
576 $display_query = ';';
577 if ($import_type != 'query') {
578 $message = PMA\libraries\Message::success(
579 '<em>'
580 . _ngettext(
581 'Import has been successfully finished, %d query executed.',
582 'Import has been successfully finished, %d queries executed.',
583 $executed_queries
585 . '</em>'
587 $message->addParam($executed_queries);
589 if ($import_notice) {
590 $message->addHtml($import_notice);
592 if (! empty($local_import_file)) {
593 $message->addText('(' . $local_import_file . ')');
594 } else {
595 $message->addText('(' . $_FILES['import_file']['name'] . ')');
600 // Did we hit timeout? Tell it user.
601 if ($timeout_passed) {
602 $urlparams['timeout_passed'] = '1';
603 $urlparams['offset'] = $GLOBALS['offset'];
604 if (isset($local_import_file)) {
605 $urlparams['local_import_file'] = $local_import_file;
608 $importUrl = $err_url = $goto . URL::getCommon($urlparams);
610 $message = PMA\libraries\Message::error(
612 'Script timeout passed, if you want to finish import,'
613 . ' please %sresubmit the same file%s and import will resume.'
616 $message->addParamHtml('<a href="' . $importUrl . '">');
617 $message->addParamHtml('</a>');
619 if ($offset == 0 || (isset($original_skip) && $original_skip == $offset)) {
620 $message->addText(
622 'However on last run no data has been parsed,'
623 . ' this usually means phpMyAdmin won\'t be able to'
624 . ' finish this import unless you increase php time limits.'
630 // if there is any message, copy it into $_SESSION as well,
631 // so we can obtain it by AJAX call
632 if (isset($message)) {
633 $_SESSION['Import_message']['message'] = $message->getDisplay();
635 // Parse and analyze the query, for correct db and table name
636 // in case of a query typed in the query window
637 // (but if the query is too large, in case of an imported file, the parser
638 // can choke on it so avoid parsing)
639 $sqlLength = mb_strlen($sql_query);
640 if ($sqlLength <= $GLOBALS['cfg']['MaxCharactersInDisplayedSQL']) {
641 include_once 'libraries/parse_analyze.lib.php';
643 list(
644 $analyzed_sql_results,
645 $db,
646 $table_from_sql
647 ) = PMA_parseAnalyze($sql_query, $db);
648 // @todo: possibly refactor
649 extract($analyzed_sql_results);
651 if ($table != $table_from_sql && !empty($table_from_sql)) {
652 $table = $table_from_sql;
656 // There was an error?
657 if (isset($my_die)) {
658 foreach ($my_die as $key => $die) {
659 PMA\libraries\Util::mysqlDie(
660 $die['error'], $die['sql'], false, $err_url, $error
665 if ($go_sql) {
667 if (! empty($sql_data) && ($sql_data['valid_queries'] > 1)) {
668 $_SESSION['is_multi_query'] = true;
669 $sql_queries = $sql_data['valid_sql'];
670 } else {
671 $sql_queries = array($sql_query);
674 $html_output = '';
676 foreach ($sql_queries as $sql_query) {
678 // parse sql query
679 include_once 'libraries/parse_analyze.lib.php';
680 list(
681 $analyzed_sql_results,
682 $db,
683 $table_from_sql
684 ) = PMA_parseAnalyze($sql_query, $db);
685 // @todo: possibly refactor
686 extract($analyzed_sql_results);
688 // Check if User is allowed to issue a 'DROP DATABASE' Statement
689 if (PMA_hasNoRightsToDropDatabase(
690 $analyzed_sql_results, $cfg['AllowUserDropDatabase'], $GLOBALS['is_superuser']
691 )) {
692 PMA\libraries\Util::mysqlDie(
693 __('"DROP DATABASE" statements are disabled.'),
695 false,
696 $_SESSION['Import_message']['go_back_url']
698 return;
699 } // end if
701 if ($table != $table_from_sql && !empty($table_from_sql)) {
702 $table = $table_from_sql;
705 $html_output .= PMA_executeQueryAndGetQueryResponse(
706 $analyzed_sql_results, // analyzed_sql_results
707 false, // is_gotofile
708 $db, // db
709 $table, // table
710 null, // find_real_end
711 null, // sql_query_for_bookmark - see below
712 null, // extra_data
713 null, // message_to_show
714 null, // message
715 null, // sql_data
716 $goto, // goto
717 $pmaThemeImage, // pmaThemeImage
718 null, // disp_query
719 null, // disp_message
720 null, // query_type
721 $sql_query, // sql_query
722 null, // selectedTables
723 null // complete_query
727 // sql_query_for_bookmark is not included in PMA_executeQueryAndGetQueryResponse
728 // since only one bookmark has to be added for all the queries submitted through
729 // the SQL tab
730 if (! empty($_POST['bkm_label']) && ! empty($import_text)) {
731 $cfgBookmark = Bookmark::getParams();
732 PMA_storeTheQueryAsBookmark(
733 $db, $cfgBookmark['user'],
734 $_REQUEST['sql_query'], $_POST['bkm_label'],
735 isset($_POST['bkm_replace']) ? $_POST['bkm_replace'] : null
739 $response->addJSON('ajax_reload', $ajax_reload);
740 $response->addHTML($html_output);
741 exit();
743 } else if ($result) {
744 // Save a Bookmark with more than one queries (if Bookmark label given).
745 if (! empty($_POST['bkm_label']) && ! empty($import_text)) {
746 $cfgBookmark = Bookmark::getParams();
747 PMA_storeTheQueryAsBookmark(
748 $db, $cfgBookmark['user'],
749 $_REQUEST['sql_query'], $_POST['bkm_label'],
750 isset($_POST['bkm_replace']) ? $_POST['bkm_replace'] : null
754 $response->setRequestStatus(true);
755 $response->addJSON('message', PMA\libraries\Message::success($msg));
756 $response->addJSON(
757 'sql_query',
758 PMA\libraries\Util::getMessage($msg, $sql_query, 'success')
760 } else if ($result == false) {
761 $response->setRequestStatus(false);
762 $response->addJSON('message', PMA\libraries\Message::error($msg));
763 } else {
764 $active_page = $goto;
765 include '' . $goto;
768 // If there is request for ROLLBACK in the end.
769 if (isset($_REQUEST['rollback_query'])) {
770 $GLOBALS['dbi']->query('ROLLBACK');