3 FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions
4 ================================
6 Please have a look at our `Link section
7 <https://www.phpmyadmin.net/docs/>`_ on the official
8 phpMyAdmin homepage for in-depth coverage of phpMyAdmin's features and
18 1.1 My server is crashing each time a specific action is required or phpMyAdmin sends a blank page or a page full of cryptic characters to my browser, what can I do?
19 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
21 Try to set the :config:option:`$cfg['OBGzip']` directive to ``false`` in your
22 :file:`config.inc.php` file and the ``zlib.output_compression`` directive to
23 ``Off`` in your php configuration file.
27 1.2 My Apache server crashes when using phpMyAdmin.
28 ---------------------------------------------------
30 You should first try the latest versions of Apache (and possibly MySQL). If
31 your server keeps crashing, please ask for help in the various Apache support
34 .. seealso:: :ref:`faq1_1`
43 1.4 Using phpMyAdmin on IIS, I'm displayed the error message: "The specified CGI application misbehaved by not returning a complete set of HTTP headers ...".
44 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
46 You just forgot to read the *install.txt* file from the PHP
47 distribution. Have a look at the last message in this `PHP bug report #12061
48 <https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=12061>`_ from the official PHP bug
53 1.5 Using phpMyAdmin on IIS, I'm facing crashes and/or many error messages with the HTTP.
54 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
56 This is a known problem with the PHP :term:`ISAPI` filter: it's not so stable.
57 Please use instead the cookie authentication mode.
61 1.6 I can't use phpMyAdmin on PWS: nothing is displayed!
62 --------------------------------------------------------
64 This seems to be a PWS bug. Filippo Simoncini found a workaround (at
65 this time there is no better fix): remove or comment the ``DOCTYPE``
66 declarations (2 lines) from the scripts :file:`libraries/Header.class.php`
67 and :file:`index.php`.
71 1.7 How can I gzip a dump or a CSV export? It does not seem to work.
72 --------------------------------------------------------------------
74 This feature is based on the ``gzencode()``
75 PHP function to be more independent of the platform (Unix/Windows,
76 Safe Mode or not, and so on). So, you must have Zlib support
81 1.8 I cannot insert a text file in a table, and I get an error about safe mode being in effect.
82 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
84 Your uploaded file is saved by PHP in the "upload dir", as defined in
85 :file:`php.ini` by the variable ``upload_tmp_dir`` (usually the system
86 default is */tmp*). We recommend the following setup for Apache
87 servers running in safe mode, to enable uploads of files while being
90 * create a separate directory for uploads: :command:`mkdir /tmp/php`
91 * give ownership to the Apache server's user.group: :command:`chown
92 apache.apache /tmp/php`
93 * give proper permission: :command:`chmod 600 /tmp/php`
94 * put ``upload_tmp_dir = /tmp/php`` in :file:`php.ini`
104 1.10 I'm having troubles when uploading files with phpMyAdmin running on a secure server. My browser is Internet Explorer and I'm using the Apache server.
105 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
107 As suggested by "Rob M" in the phpWizard forum, add this line to your
110 .. code-block:: apache
112 SetEnvIf User-Agent ".*MSIE.*" nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown
114 It seems to clear up many problems between Internet Explorer and SSL.
118 1.11 I get an 'open\_basedir restriction' while uploading a file from the import tab.
119 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
121 Since version 2.2.4, phpMyAdmin supports servers with open\_basedir
122 restrictions. However you need to create temporary directory and configure it
123 as :config:option:`$cfg['TempDir']`. The uploaded files will be moved there,
124 and after execution of your :term:`SQL` commands, removed.
128 1.12 I have lost my MySQL root password, what can I do?
129 -------------------------------------------------------
131 phpMyAdmin does authenticate against MySQL server you're using, so to recover
132 from phpMyAdmin password loss, you need to recover at MySQL level.
134 The MySQL manual explains how to `reset the permissions
135 <https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/resetting-permissions.html>`_.
137 If you are using MySQL server installed by your hosting provider, please
138 contact their support to recover the password for you.
152 1.15 I have problems with *mysql.user* column names.
153 ----------------------------------------------------
155 In previous MySQL versions, the ``User`` and ``Password`` columns were
156 named ``user`` and ``password``. Please modify your column names to
157 align with current standards.
161 1.16 I cannot upload big dump files (memory, HTTP or timeout problems).
162 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
164 Starting with version 2.7.0, the import engine has been re–written and
165 these problems should not occur. If possible, upgrade your phpMyAdmin
166 to the latest version to take advantage of the new import features.
168 The first things to check (or ask your host provider to check) are the values
169 of ``max_execution_time``, ``upload_max_filesize``, ``memory_limit`` and
170 ``post_max_size`` in the :file:`php.ini` configuration file. All of these three
171 settings limit the maximum size of data that can be submitted and handled by
172 PHP. Please note that ``post_max_size`` needs to be larger than
173 ``upload_max_filesize``. There exist several workarounds if your upload is too
174 big or your hosting provider is unwilling to change the settings:
176 * Look at the :config:option:`$cfg['UploadDir']` feature. This allows one to upload a file to the server
177 via scp, ftp, or your favorite file transfer method. PhpMyAdmin is
178 then able to import the files from the temporary directory. More
179 information is available in the :ref:`config` of this document.
180 * Using a utility (such as `BigDump
181 <http://www.ozerov.de/bigdump/>`_) to split the files before
182 uploading. We cannot support this or any third party applications, but
183 are aware of users having success with it.
184 * If you have shell (command line) access, use MySQL to import the files
185 directly. You can do this by issuing the "source" command from within
188 .. code-block:: mysql
194 1.17 Which Database versions does phpMyAdmin support?
195 -----------------------------------------------------
197 For `MySQL <https://www.mysql.com/>`_, versions 5.5 and newer are supported.
198 For older MySQL versions, our `Downloads <https://www.phpmyadmin.net/downloads/>`_ page offers older phpMyAdmin versions
199 (which may have become unsupported).
201 For `MariaDB <https://mariadb.org/>`_, versions 5.5 and newer are supported.
205 1.17a I cannot connect to the MySQL server. It always returns the error message, "Client does not support authentication protocol requested by server; consider upgrading MySQL client"
206 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
208 You tried to access MySQL with an old MySQL client library. The
209 version of your MySQL client library can be checked in your phpinfo()
210 output. In general, it should have at least the same minor version as
211 your server - as mentioned in :ref:`faq1_17`. This problem is
212 generally caused by using MySQL version 4.1 or newer. MySQL changed
213 the authentication hash and your PHP is trying to use the old method.
214 The proper solution is to use the `mysqli extension
215 <https://secure.php.net/mysqli>`_ with the proper client library to match
216 your MySQL installation. More
217 information (and several workarounds) are located in the `MySQL
218 Documentation <https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/old-client.html>`_.
227 1.19 I can't run the "display relations" feature because the script seems not to know the font face I'm using!
228 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
230 The :term:`TCPDF` library we're using for this feature requires some special
231 files to use font faces. Please refers to the `TCPDF manual
232 <https://tcpdf.org/>`_ to build these files.
236 1.20 I receive an error about missing mysqli and mysql extensions.
237 ------------------------------------------------------------------
239 To connect to a MySQL server, PHP needs a set of MySQL functions
240 called "MySQL extension". This extension may be part of the PHP
241 distribution (compiled-in), otherwise it needs to be loaded
242 dynamically. Its name is probably *mysqli.so* or *php\_mysqli.dll*.
243 phpMyAdmin tried to load the extension but failed. Usually, the
244 problem is solved by installing a software package called "PHP-MySQL"
245 or something similar.
247 There are currently two interfaces PHP provides as MySQL extensions - ``mysql``
248 and ``mysqli``. The ``mysqli`` is tried first, because it's the best one.
250 This problem can be also caused by wrong paths in the :file:`php.ini` or using
251 wrong :file:`php.ini`.
253 Make sure that the extension files do exist in the folder which the
254 ``extension_dir`` points to and that the corresponding lines in your
255 :file:`php.ini` are not commented out (you can use ``phpinfo()`` to check
262 ; Directory in which the loadable extensions (modules) reside.
263 extension_dir = "C:/Apache2/modules/php/ext"
265 The :file:`php.ini` can be loaded from several locations (especially on
266 Windows), so please check you're updating the correct one. If using Apache, you
267 can tell it to use specific path for this file using ``PHPIniDir`` directive:
269 .. code-block:: apache
271 LoadFile "C:/php/php5ts.dll"
272 LoadModule php5_module "C:/php/php5apache2_2.dll"
273 <IfModule php5_module>
276 AddType text/html .php
277 AddHandler application/x-httpd-php .php
281 In some rare cases this problem can be also caused by other extensions loaded
282 in PHP which prevent MySQL extensions to be loaded. If anything else fails, you
283 can try commenting out extensions for other databses from :file:`php.ini`.
287 1.21 I am running the CGI version of PHP under Unix, and I cannot log in using cookie auth.
288 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
290 In :file:`php.ini`, set ``mysql.max_links`` higher than 1.
294 1.22 I don't see the "Location of text file" field, so I cannot upload.
295 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
297 This is most likely because in :file:`php.ini`, your ``file_uploads``
298 parameter is not set to "on".
302 1.23 I'm running MySQL on a Win32 machine. Each time I create a new table the table and column names are changed to lowercase!
303 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
305 This happens because the MySQL directive ``lower_case_table_names``
306 defaults to 1 (``ON``) in the Win32 version of MySQL. You can change
307 this behavior by simply changing the directive to 0 (``OFF``): Just
308 edit your ``my.ini`` file that should be located in your Windows
309 directory and add the following line to the group [mysqld]:
313 set-variable = lower_case_table_names=0
317 Forcing this variable to 0 with --lower-case-table-names=0 on a
318 case-insensitive filesystem and access MyISAM tablenames using different
319 lettercases, index corruption may result.
321 Next, save the file and restart the MySQL service. You can always
322 check the value of this directive using the query
324 .. code-block:: mysql
326 SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'lower_case_table_names';
328 .. seealso:: `Identifier Case Sensitivity in the MySQL Reference Manual <https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/identifier-case-sensitivity.html>`_
337 1.25 I am running Apache with mod\_gzip-1.3.26.1a on Windows XP, and I get problems, such as undefined variables when I run a SQL query.
338 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
340 A tip from Jose Fandos: put a comment on the following two lines in
341 httpd.conf, like this:
343 .. code-block:: apache
346 # mod_gzip_item_include file \.php$
347 # mod_gzip_item_include mime "application/x-httpd-php.*"
349 as this version of mod\_gzip on Apache (Windows) has problems handling
350 PHP scripts. Of course you have to restart Apache.
354 1.26 I just installed phpMyAdmin in my document root of IIS but I get the error "No input file specified" when trying to run phpMyAdmin.
355 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
357 This is a permission problem. Right-click on the phpmyadmin folder and
358 choose properties. Under the tab Security, click on "Add" and select
359 the user "IUSR\_machine" from the list. Now set his permissions and it
364 1.27 I get empty page when I want to view huge page (eg. db\_structure.php with plenty of tables).
365 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
367 This was caused by a `PHP bug <https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=21079>`_ that occur when
368 GZIP output buffering is enabled. If you turn off it (by
369 :config:option:`$cfg['OBGzip']` in :file:`config.inc.php`), it should work.
370 This bug will has been fixed in PHP 5.0.0.
374 1.28 My MySQL server sometimes refuses queries and returns the message 'Errorcode: 13'. What does this mean?
375 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
377 This can happen due to a MySQL bug when having database / table names
378 with upper case characters although ``lower_case_table_names`` is
379 set to 1. To fix this, turn off this directive, convert all database
380 and table names to lower case and turn it on again. Alternatively,
381 there's a bug-fix available starting with MySQL 3.23.56 /
386 1.29 When I create a table or modify a column, I get an error and the columns are duplicated.
387 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
389 It is possible to configure Apache in such a way that PHP has problems
390 interpreting .php files.
392 The problems occur when two different (and conflicting) set of
395 .. code-block:: apache
403 .. code-block:: apache
405 AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
407 In the case we saw, one set of directives was in
408 ``/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf``, while the other set was in
409 ``/etc/httpd/conf/addon-modules/php.conf``. The recommended way is
410 with ``AddType``, so just comment out the first set of lines and
413 .. code-block:: apache
421 1.30 I get the error "navigation.php: Missing hash".
422 ----------------------------------------------------
424 This problem is known to happen when the server is running Turck
425 MMCache but upgrading MMCache to version 2.3.21 solves the problem.
429 1.31 Which PHP versions does phpMyAdmin support?
430 ------------------------------------------------
432 Since release 4.5, phpMyAdmin supports only PHP 5.5 and newer. Since release
433 4.1 phpMyAdmin supports only PHP 5.3 and newer. For PHP 5.2 you can use 4.0.x
436 PHP 7 is supported since phpMyAdmin 4.6, PHP 7.1 is supported since 4.6.5.
438 phpMyAdmin also works fine with HHVM.
442 1.32 Can I use HTTP authentication with IIS?
443 --------------------------------------------
445 Yes. This procedure was tested with phpMyAdmin 2.6.1, PHP 4.3.9 in
446 :term:`ISAPI` mode under :term:`IIS` 5.1.
448 #. In your :file:`php.ini` file, set ``cgi.rfc2616_headers = 0``
449 #. In ``Web Site Properties -> File/Directory Security -> Anonymous
450 Access`` dialog box, check the ``Anonymous access`` checkbox and
451 uncheck any other checkboxes (i.e. uncheck ``Basic authentication``,
452 ``Integrated Windows authentication``, and ``Digest`` if it's
453 enabled.) Click ``OK``.
454 #. In ``Custom Errors``, select the range of ``401;1`` through ``401;5``
455 and click the ``Set to Default`` button.
457 .. seealso:: :rfc:`2616`
466 1.34 Can I access directly to database or table pages?
467 ------------------------------------------------------
469 Yes. Out of the box, you can use :term:`URL` like
470 ``http://server/phpMyAdmin/index.php?server=X&db=database&table=table&target=script``.
471 For ``server`` you use the server number
472 which refers to the order of the server paragraph in
473 :file:`config.inc.php`. Table and script parts are optional. If you want
474 ``http://server/phpMyAdmin/database[/table][/script]`` :term:`URL`, you need to do some configuration. Following
475 lines apply only for `Apache <https://httpd.apache.org>`_ web server.
476 First make sure, that you have enabled some features within global
477 configuration. You need ``Options SymLinksIfOwnerMatch`` and ``AllowOverride
478 FileInfo`` enabled for directory where phpMyAdmin is installed and you
479 need mod\_rewrite to be enabled. Then you just need to create
480 following :term:`.htaccess` file in root folder of phpMyAdmin installation (don't
481 forget to change directory name inside of it):
483 .. code-block:: apache
487 RewriteBase /path_to_phpMyAdmin
488 RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)/([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)/([a-z_]+\.php)$ index.php?db=$1&table=$2&target=$3 [R]
489 RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)/([a-z_]+\.php)$ index.php?db=$1&target=$2 [R]
490 RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)/([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)$ index.php?db=$1&table=$2 [R]
491 RewriteRule ^([a-zA-Z0-9_]+)$ index.php?db=$1 [R]
495 1.35 Can I use HTTP authentication with Apache CGI?
496 ---------------------------------------------------
498 Yes. However you need to pass authentication variable to :term:`CGI` using
499 following rewrite rule:
501 .. code-block:: apache
505 RewriteRule .* - [E=REMOTE_USER:%{HTTP:Authorization},L]
509 1.36 I get an error "500 Internal Server Error".
510 ------------------------------------------------
512 There can be many explanations to this and a look at your server's
513 error log file might give a clue.
517 1.37 I run phpMyAdmin on cluster of different machines and password encryption in cookie auth doesn't work.
518 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
520 If your cluster consist of different architectures, PHP code used for
521 encryption/decryption won't work correct. This is caused by use of
522 pack/unpack functions in code. Only solution is to use mcrypt
523 extension which works fine in this case.
527 1.38 Can I use phpMyAdmin on a server on which Suhosin is enabled?
528 ------------------------------------------------------------------
530 Yes but the default configuration values of Suhosin are known to cause
531 problems with some operations, for example editing a table with many
532 columns and no :term:`primary key` or with textual :term:`primary key`.
534 Suhosin configuration might lead to malfunction in some cases and it
535 can not be fully avoided as phpMyAdmin is kind of application which
536 needs to transfer big amounts of columns in single HTTP request, what
537 is something what Suhosin tries to prevent. Generally all
538 ``suhosin.request.*``, ``suhosin.post.*`` and ``suhosin.get.*``
539 directives can have negative effect on phpMyAdmin usability. You can
540 always find in your error logs which limit did cause dropping of
541 variable, so you can diagnose the problem and adjust matching
542 configuration variable.
544 The default values for most Suhosin configuration options will work in
545 most scenarios, however you might want to adjust at least following
548 * `suhosin.request.max\_vars <https://suhosin.org/stories/configuration.html#suhosin-request-max-vars>`_ should
549 be increased (eg. 2048)
550 * `suhosin.post.max\_vars <https://suhosin.org/stories/configuration.html#suhosin-post-max-vars>`_ should be
552 * `suhosin.request.max\_array\_index\_length <https://suhosin.org/stories/configuration.html#suhosin-request-max-array-index-length>`_
553 should be increased (eg. 256)
554 * `suhosin.post.max\_array\_index\_length <https://suhosin.org/stories/configuration.html#suhosin-post-max-array-index-length>`_
555 should be increased (eg. 256)
556 * `suhosin.request.max\_totalname\_length <https://suhosin.org/stories/configuration.html#suhosin-request-max-totalname-length>`_
557 should be increased (eg. 8192)
558 * `suhosin.post.max\_totalname\_length <https://suhosin.org/stories/configuration.html#suhosin-post-max-totalname-length>`_ should be
560 * `suhosin.get.max\_value\_length <https://suhosin.org/stories/configuration.html#suhosin-get-max-value-length>`_
561 should be increased (eg. 1024)
562 * `suhosin.sql.bailout\_on\_error <https://suhosin.org/stories/configuration.html#suhosin-sql-bailout-on-error>`_
563 needs to be disabled (the default)
564 * `suhosin.log.\* <https://suhosin.org/stories/configuration.html#logging-configuration>`_ should not
565 include :term:`SQL`, otherwise you get big
567 * `suhosin.sql.union <https://suhosin.org/stories/configuration.html#suhosin-
568 sql-union>`_ must be disabled (which is the default).
569 * `suhosin.sql.multiselect <https://suhosin.org/stories/configuration.html#
570 suhosin-sql-multiselect>`_ must be disabled (which is the default).
571 * `suhosin.sql.comment <https://suhosin.org/stories/configuration.html#suhosin-
572 sql-comment>`_ must be disabled (which is the default).
574 To further improve security, we also recommend these modifications:
576 * `suhosin.executor.include.max\_traversal <https://suhosin.org/stories/
577 configuration.html#suhosin-executor-include-max-traversal>`_ should be
578 enabled as a mitigation against local file inclusion attacks. We suggest
579 setting this to 2 as ``../`` is used with the ReCaptcha library.
580 * `suhosin.cookie.encrypt <https://suhosin.org/stories/configuration.html#
581 suhosin-cookie-encrypt>`_ should be enabled.
582 * `suhosin.executor.disable_emodifier <https://suhosin.org/stories/config
583 uration.html#suhosin-executor-disable-emodifier>`_ should be enabled.
585 You can also disable the warning using the :config:option:`$cfg['SuhosinDisableWarning']`.
589 1.39 When I try to connect via https, I can log in, but then my connection is redirected back to http. What can cause this behavior?
590 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
592 This is caused by the fact that PHP scripts have no knowledge that the site is
593 using https. Depending on used webserver, you should configure it to let PHP
594 know about URL and scheme used to access it.
596 For example in Apache ensure that you have enabled ``SSLOptions`` and
597 ``StdEnvVars`` in the configuration.
599 .. seealso:: <https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_ssl.html>
603 1.40 When accessing phpMyAdmin via an Apache reverse proxy, cookie login does not work.
604 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
606 To be able to use cookie auth Apache must know that it has to rewrite
607 the set-cookie headers. Example from the Apache 2.2 documentation:
609 .. code-block:: apache
612 ProxyPass /mirror/foo/ http://backend.example.com/
613 ProxyPassReverse /mirror/foo/ http://backend.example.com/
614 ProxyPassReverseCookieDomain backend.example.com public.example.com
615 ProxyPassReverseCookiePath / /mirror/foo/
617 Note: if the backend url looks like ``http://server/~user/phpmyadmin``, the
618 tilde (~) must be url encoded as %7E in the ProxyPassReverse\* lines.
619 This is not specific to phpmyadmin, it's just the behavior of Apache.
621 .. code-block:: apache
624 ProxyPass /mirror/foo/ http://backend.example.com/~user/phpmyadmin
625 ProxyPassReverse /mirror/foo/ http://backend.example.com/%7Euser/phpmyadmin
626 ProxyPassReverseCookiePath /%7Euser/phpmyadmin /mirror/foo
628 .. seealso:: <https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mod_proxy.html>, :config:option:`$cfg['PmaAbsoluteUri']`
632 1.41 When I view a database and ask to see its privileges, I get an error about an unknown column.
633 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
635 The MySQL server's privilege tables are not up to date, you need to
636 run the :command:`mysql_upgrade` command on the server.
640 1.42 How can I prevent robots from accessing phpMyAdmin?
641 --------------------------------------------------------
643 You can add various rules to :term:`.htaccess` to filter access based on user agent
644 field. This is quite easy to circumvent, but could prevent at least
645 some robots accessing your installation.
647 .. code-block:: apache
652 # Allow only GET and POST verbs
653 RewriteCond %{REQUEST_METHOD} !^(GET|POST)$ [NC,OR]
655 # Ban Typical Vulnerability Scanners and others
656 # Kick out Script Kiddies
657 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^(java|curl|wget).* [NC,OR]
658 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^.*(libwww-perl|curl|wget|python|nikto|wkito|pikto|scan|acunetix).* [NC,OR]
659 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^.*(winhttp|HTTrack|clshttp|archiver|loader|email|harvest|extract|grab|miner).* [NC,OR]
661 # Ban Search Engines, Crawlers to your administrative panel
662 # No reasons to access from bots
663 # Ultimately Better than the useless robots.txt
664 # Did google respect robots.txt?
665 # Try google: intitle:phpMyAdmin intext:"Welcome to phpMyAdmin *.*.*" intext:"Log in" -wiki -forum -forums -questions intext:"Cookies must be enabled"
666 RewriteCond %{HTTP_USER_AGENT} ^.*(AdsBot-Google|ia_archiver|Scooter|Ask.Jeeves|Baiduspider|Exabot|FAST.Enterprise.Crawler|FAST-WebCrawler|www\.neomo\.de|Gigabot|Mediapartners-Google|Google.Desktop|Feedfetcher-Google|Googlebot|heise-IT-Markt-Crawler|heritrix|ibm.com\cs/crawler|ICCrawler|ichiro|MJ12bot|MetagerBot|msnbot-NewsBlogs|msnbot|msnbot-media|NG-Search|lucene.apache.org|NutchCVS|OmniExplorer_Bot|online.link.validator|psbot0|Seekbot|Sensis.Web.Crawler|SEO.search.Crawler|Seoma.\[SEO.Crawler\]|SEOsearch|Snappy|www.urltrends.com|www.tkl.iis.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~crawler|SynooBot|crawleradmin.t-info@telekom.de|TurnitinBot|voyager|W3.SiteSearch.Crawler|W3C-checklink|W3C_Validator|www.WISEnutbot.com|yacybot|Yahoo-MMCrawler|Yahoo\!.DE.Slurp|Yahoo\!.Slurp|YahooSeeker).* [NC]
671 1.43 Why can't I display the structure of my table containing hundreds of columns?
672 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
674 Because your PHP's ``memory_limit`` is too low; adjust it in :file:`php.ini`.
678 1.44 How can I reduce the installed size of phpMyAdmin on disk?
679 ---------------------------------------------------------------
681 Some users have requested to be able to reduce the size of the phpMyAdmin installation.
682 This is not recommended and could lead to confusion over missing features, but can be done.
683 A list of files and corresponding functionality which degrade gracefully when removed include:
685 * :file:`./vendor/tecnickcom/tcpdf` folder (exporting to PDF)
686 * :file:`./locale/` folder, or unused subfolders (interface translations)
687 * Any unused themes in :file:`./themes/`
688 * :file:`./js/jquery/src/` (included for licensing reasons)
689 * :file:`./js/line_counts.php`
690 * :file:`./doc/` (documentation)
691 * :file:`./setup/` (setup script)
692 * :file:`./examples/`
693 * :file:`./sql/` (SQL scripts to configure advanced functionality)
694 * :file:`./js/openlayers/` (GIS visualization)
703 2.1 The error message "Warning: Cannot add header information - headers already sent by ..." is displayed, what's the problem?
704 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
706 Edit your :file:`config.inc.php` file and ensure there is nothing (I.E. no
707 blank lines, no spaces, no characters...) neither before the ``<?php`` tag at
708 the beginning, neither after the ``?>`` tag at the end. We also got a report
709 from a user under :term:`IIS`, that used a zipped distribution kit: the file
710 :file:`libraries/Config.php` contained an end-of-line character (hex 0A)
711 at the end; removing this character cleared his errors.
715 2.2 phpMyAdmin can't connect to MySQL. What's wrong?
716 ----------------------------------------------------
718 Either there is an error with your PHP setup or your username/password
719 is wrong. Try to make a small script which uses mysql\_connect and see
720 if it works. If it doesn't, it may be you haven't even compiled MySQL
725 2.3 The error message "Warning: MySQL Connection Failed: Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (111) ..." is displayed. What can I do?
726 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
728 The error message can also be: :guilabel:`Error #2002 - The server is not
729 responding (or the local MySQL server's socket is not correctly configured)`.
731 First, you need to determine what socket is being used by MySQL. To do this,
732 connect to your server and go to the MySQL bin directory. In this directory
733 there should be a file named *mysqladmin*. Type ``./mysqladmin variables``, and
734 this should give you a bunch of info about your MySQL server, including the
735 socket (*/tmp/mysql.sock*, for example). You can also ask your ISP for the
736 connection info or, if you're hosting your own, connect from the 'mysql'
737 command-line client and type 'status' to get the connection type and socket or
740 Then, you need to tell PHP to use this socket. You can do this for all PHP in
741 the :file:`php.ini` or for phpMyAdmin only in the :file:`config.inc.php`. For
742 example: :config:option:`$cfg['Servers'][$i]['socket']` Please also make sure
743 that the permissions of this file allow to be readable by your webserver.
745 On my RedHat-Box the socket of MySQL is */var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock*.
746 In your :file:`php.ini` you will find a line
750 mysql.default_socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
756 mysql.default_socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
758 Then restart apache and it will work.
760 Have also a look at the `corresponding section of the MySQL
761 documentation <https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/can-not-connect-to-server.html>`_.
765 2.4 Nothing is displayed by my browser when I try to run phpMyAdmin, what can I do?
766 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
768 Try to set the :config:option:`$cfg['OBGzip']` directive to ``false`` in the phpMyAdmin configuration
769 file. It helps sometime. Also have a look at your PHP version number:
770 if it contains "b" or "alpha" it means you're running a testing
771 version of PHP. That's not a so good idea, please upgrade to a plain
776 2.5 Each time I want to insert or change a row or drop a database or a table, an error 404 (page not found) is displayed or, with HTTP or cookie authentication, I'm asked to log in again. What's wrong?
777 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
779 Check your webserver setup if it correctly fills in either PHP_SELF or REQUEST_URI variables.
781 If you are running phpMyAdmin behind reverse proxy, please set the
782 :config:option:`$cfg['PmaAbsoluteUri']` directive in the phpMyAdmin
783 configuration file to match your setup.
787 2.6 I get an "Access denied for user: 'root@localhost' (Using password: YES)"-error when trying to access a MySQL-Server on a host which is port-forwarded for my localhost.
788 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
790 When you are using a port on your localhost, which you redirect via
791 port-forwarding to another host, MySQL is not resolving the localhost
792 as expected. Erik Wasser explains: The solution is: if your host is
793 "localhost" MySQL (the command line tool :command:`mysql` as well) always
794 tries to use the socket connection for speeding up things. And that
795 doesn't work in this configuration with port forwarding. If you enter
796 "127.0.0.1" as hostname, everything is right and MySQL uses the
797 :term:`TCP` connection.
801 2.7 Using and creating themes
802 -----------------------------
804 Themes are configured with :config:option:`$cfg['ThemeManager']` and
805 :config:option:`$cfg['ThemeDefault']`. Under :file:`./themes/`, you should not
806 delete the directory ``pmahomme`` or its underlying structure, because this is
807 the system theme used by phpMyAdmin. ``pmahomme`` contains all images and
808 styles, for backwards compatibility and for all themes that would not include
809 images or css-files. If :config:option:`$cfg['ThemeManager']` is enabled, you
810 can select your favorite theme on the main page. Your selected theme will be
815 * make a new subdirectory (for example "your\_theme\_name") under :file:`./themes/`.
816 * copy the files and directories from ``pmahomme`` to "your\_theme\_name"
817 * edit the css-files in "your\_theme\_name/css"
818 * put your new images in "your\_theme\_name/img"
819 * edit :file:`layout.inc.php` in "your\_theme\_name"
820 * edit :file:`info.inc.php` in "your\_theme\_name" to contain your chosen
821 theme name, that will be visible in user interface
822 * make a new screenshot of your theme and save it under
823 "your\_theme\_name/screen.png"
825 In theme directory there is file :file:`info.inc.php` which contains theme
826 verbose name, theme generation and theme version. These versions and
827 generations are enumerated from 1 and do not have any direct
828 dependence on phpMyAdmin version. Themes within same generation should
829 be backwards compatible - theme with version 2 should work in
830 phpMyAdmin requiring version 1. Themes with different generation are
833 If you do not want to use your own symbols and buttons, remove the
834 directory "img" in "your\_theme\_name". phpMyAdmin will use the
835 default icons and buttons (from the system-theme ``pmahomme``).
837 .. _faqmissingparameters:
839 2.8 I get "Missing parameters" errors, what can I do?
840 -----------------------------------------------------
842 Here are a few points to check:
844 * In :file:`config.inc.php`, try to leave the :config:option:`$cfg['PmaAbsoluteUri']` directive empty. See also
846 * Maybe you have a broken PHP installation or you need to upgrade your
847 Zend Optimizer. See <https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=31134>.
848 * If you are using Hardened PHP with the ini directive
849 ``varfilter.max_request_variables`` set to the default (200) or
850 another low value, you could get this error if your table has a high
851 number of columns. Adjust this setting accordingly. (Thanks to Klaus
852 Dorninger for the hint).
853 * In the :file:`php.ini` directive ``arg_separator.input``, a value of ";"
854 will cause this error. Replace it with "&;".
855 * If you are using `Suhosin <https://suhosin.org/stories/index.html>`_, you
856 might want to increase `request limits <https://suhosin.org/stories/faq.html>`_.
857 * The directory specified in the :file:`php.ini` directive
858 ``session.save_path`` does not exist or is read-only (this can be caused
859 by `bug in the PHP installer <https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=39842>`_).
863 2.9 Seeing an upload progress bar
864 ---------------------------------
866 To be able to see a progress bar during your uploads, your server must
867 have the `APC <https://secure.php.net/manual/en/book.apc.php>`_ extension, the
868 `uploadprogress <https://pecl.php.net/package/uploadprogress>`_ one, or
869 you must be running PHP 5.4.0 or higher. Moreover, the JSON extension
870 has to be enabled in your PHP.
872 If using APC, you must set ``apc.rfc1867`` to ``on`` in your :file:`php.ini`.
874 If using PHP 5.4.0 or higher, you must set
875 ``session.upload_progress.enabled`` to ``1`` in your :file:`php.ini`. However,
876 starting from phpMyAdmin version 4.0.4, session-based upload progress has
877 been temporarily deactivated due to its problematic behavior.
879 .. seealso:: :rfc:`1867`
888 3.1 When using HTTP authentication, a user who logged out can not log in again in with the same nick.
889 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
891 This is related to the authentication mechanism (protocol) used by
892 phpMyAdmin. To bypass this problem: just close all the opened browser
893 windows and then go back to phpMyAdmin. You should be able to log in
898 3.2 When dumping a large table in compressed mode, I get a memory limit error or a time limit error.
899 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
901 Compressed dumps are built in memory and because of this are limited
902 to php's memory limit. For gzip/bzip2 exports this can be overcome
903 since 2.5.4 using :config:option:`$cfg['CompressOnFly']` (enabled by default).
904 zip exports can not be handled this way, so if you need zip files for larger
905 dump, you have to use another way.
909 3.3 With InnoDB tables, I lose foreign key relationships when I rename a table or a column.
910 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
912 This is an InnoDB bug, see <https://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=21704>.
916 3.4 I am unable to import dumps I created with the mysqldump tool bundled with the MySQL server distribution.
917 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
919 The problem is that older versions of ``mysqldump`` created invalid
922 .. code-block:: mysql
927 -- Host: localhost Database: database
928 ---------------------------------------------------------
929 -- Server version 3.23.54
931 The invalid part of the code is the horizontal line made of dashes
932 that appears once in every dump created with mysqldump. If you want to
933 run your dump you have to turn it into valid MySQL. This means, you
934 have to add a whitespace after the first two dashes of the line or add
935 a # before it: ``-- -------------------------------------------------------`` or
936 ``#---------------------------------------------------------``
940 3.5 When using nested folders, multiple hierarchies are displayed in a wrong manner.
941 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
943 Please note that you should not use the separating string multiple
944 times without any characters between them, or at the beginning/end of
945 your table name. If you have to, think about using another
946 TableSeparator or disabling that feature.
948 .. seealso:: :config:option:`$cfg['NavigationTreeTableSeparator']`
957 3.7 I have table with many (100+) columns and when I try to browse table I get series of errors like "Warning: unable to parse url". How can this be fixed?
958 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
960 Your table neither have a :term:`primary key` nor an :term:`unique key`, so we must
961 use a long expression to identify this row. This causes problems to
962 parse\_url function. The workaround is to create a :term:`primary key`
963 or :term:`unique key`.
967 3.8 I cannot use (clickable) HTML-forms in columns where I put a MIME-Transformation onto!
968 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
970 Due to a surrounding form-container (for multi-row delete checkboxes),
971 no nested forms can be put inside the table where phpMyAdmin displays
972 the results. You can, however, use any form inside of a table if keep
973 the parent form-container with the target to tbl\_row\_delete.php and
974 just put your own input-elements inside. If you use a custom submit
975 input field, the form will submit itself to the displaying page again,
976 where you can validate the $HTTP\_POST\_VARS in a transformation. For
977 a tutorial on how to effectively use transformations, see our `Link
978 section <https://www.phpmyadmin.net/docs/>`_ on the
979 official phpMyAdmin-homepage.
983 3.9 I get error messages when using "--sql\_mode=ANSI" for the MySQL server.
984 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
986 When MySQL is running in ANSI-compatibility mode, there are some major
987 differences in how :term:`SQL` is structured (see
988 <https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/sql-mode.html>). Most important of all, the
989 quote-character (") is interpreted as an identifier quote character and not as
990 a string quote character, which makes many internal phpMyAdmin operations into
991 invalid :term:`SQL` statements. There is no
992 workaround to this behaviour. News to this item will be posted in `issue
993 #7383 <https://github.com/phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin/issues/7383>`_.
997 3.10 Homonyms and no primary key: When the results of a SELECT display more that one column with the same value (for example ``SELECT lastname from employees where firstname like 'A%'`` and two "Smith" values are displayed), if I click Edit I cannot be sure that I am editing the intended row.
998 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1000 Please make sure that your table has a :term:`primary key`, so that phpMyAdmin
1001 can use it for the Edit and Delete links.
1005 3.11 The number of rows for InnoDB tables is not correct.
1006 ---------------------------------------------------------
1008 phpMyAdmin uses a quick method to get the row count, and this method only
1009 returns an approximate count in the case of InnoDB tables. See
1010 :config:option:`$cfg['MaxExactCount']` for a way to modify those results, but
1011 this could have a serious impact on performance.
1012 However, one can easily replace the approximate row count with exact count by
1013 simply clicking on the approximate count. This can also be done for all tables
1014 at once by clicking on the rows sum displayed at the bottom.
1016 .. seealso:: :config:option:`$cfg['MaxExactCount']`
1025 3.13 I get an error when entering ``USE`` followed by a db name containing an hyphen.
1026 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1028 The tests I have made with MySQL 5.1.49 shows that the API does not
1029 accept this syntax for the USE command.
1033 3.14 I am not able to browse a table when I don't have the right to SELECT one of the columns.
1034 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1036 This has been a known limitation of phpMyAdmin since the beginning and
1037 it's not likely to be solved in the future.
1056 3.18 When I import a CSV file that contains multiple tables, they are lumped together into a single table.
1057 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1059 There is no reliable way to differentiate tables in :term:`CSV` format. For the
1060 time being, you will have to break apart :term:`CSV` files containing multiple
1065 3.19 When I import a file and have phpMyAdmin determine the appropriate data structure it only uses int, decimal, and varchar types.
1066 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1068 Currently, the import type-detection system can only assign these
1069 MySQL types to columns. In future, more will likely be added but for
1070 the time being you will have to edit the structure to your liking
1071 post-import. Also, you should note the fact that phpMyAdmin will use
1072 the size of the largest item in any given column as the column size
1073 for the appropriate type. If you know you will be adding larger items
1074 to that column then you should manually adjust the column sizes
1075 accordingly. This is done for the sake of efficiency.
1079 3.20 After upgrading, some bookmarks are gone or their content cannot be shown.
1080 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1082 At some point, the character set used to store bookmark content has changed.
1083 It's better to recreate your bookmark from the newer phpMyAdmin version.
1087 3.21 I am unable to log in with a username containing unicode characters such as á.
1088 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1090 This can happen if MySQL server is not configured to use utf-8 as default
1091 charset. This is a limitation of how PHP and the MySQL server interact; there
1092 is no way for PHP to set the charset before authenticating.
1096 `phpMyAdmin issue 12232 <https://github.com/phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin/issues/12232>`_,
1097 `MySQL documentation note <https://secure.php.net/manual/en/mysqli.real-connect.php#refsect1-mysqli.real-connect-notes>`_
1101 ISPs, multi-user installations
1102 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
1106 4.1 I'm an ISP. Can I setup one central copy of phpMyAdmin or do I need to install it for each customer?
1107 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1109 Since version 2.0.3, you can setup a central copy of phpMyAdmin for all your
1110 users. The development of this feature was kindly sponsored by NetCologne GmbH.
1111 This requires a properly setup MySQL user management and phpMyAdmin
1112 :term:`HTTP` or cookie authentication.
1114 .. seealso:: :ref:`authentication_modes`
1118 4.2 What's the preferred way of making phpMyAdmin secure against evil access?
1119 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1121 This depends on your system. If you're running a server which cannot be
1122 accessed by other people, it's sufficient to use the directory protection
1123 bundled with your webserver (with Apache you can use :term:`.htaccess` files,
1124 for example). If other people have telnet access to your server, you should use
1125 phpMyAdmin's :term:`HTTP` or cookie authentication features.
1129 * Your :file:`config.inc.php` file should be ``chmod 660``.
1130 * All your phpMyAdmin files should be chown -R phpmy.apache, where phpmy
1131 is a user whose password is only known to you, and apache is the group
1132 under which Apache runs.
1133 * Follow security recommendations for PHP and your webserver.
1137 4.3 I get errors about not being able to include a file in */lang* or in */libraries*.
1138 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1140 Check :file:`php.ini`, or ask your sysadmin to check it. The
1141 ``include_path`` must contain "." somewhere in it, and
1142 ``open_basedir``, if used, must contain "." and "./lang" to allow
1143 normal operation of phpMyAdmin.
1147 4.4 phpMyAdmin always gives "Access denied" when using HTTP authentication.
1148 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
1150 This could happen for several reasons:
1152 * :config:option:`$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controluser']` and/or :config:option:`$cfg['Servers'][$i]['controlpass']` are wrong.
1153 * The username/password you specify in the login dialog are invalid.
1154 * You have already setup a security mechanism for the phpMyAdmin-
1155 directory, eg. a :term:`.htaccess` file. This would interfere with phpMyAdmin's
1156 authentication, so remove it.
1160 4.5 Is it possible to let users create their own databases?
1161 -----------------------------------------------------------
1163 Starting with 2.2.5, in the user management page, you can enter a
1164 wildcard database name for a user (for example "joe%"), and put the
1165 privileges you want. For example, adding ``SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE,
1166 DELETE, CREATE, DROP, INDEX, ALTER`` would let a user create/manage
1167 his/her database(s).
1171 4.6 How can I use the Host-based authentication additions?
1172 ----------------------------------------------------------
1174 If you have existing rules from an old :term:`.htaccess` file, you can take them and
1175 add a username between the ``'deny'``/``'allow'`` and ``'from'``
1176 strings. Using the username wildcard of ``'%'`` would be a major
1177 benefit here if your installation is suited to using it. Then you can
1178 just add those updated lines into the
1179 :config:option:`$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['rules']` array.
1181 If you want a pre-made sample, you can try this fragment. It stops the
1182 'root' user from logging in from any networks other than the private
1183 network :term:`IP` blocks.
1188 //block root from logging in except from the private networks
1189 $cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['order'] = 'deny,allow';
1190 $cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowDeny']['rules'] = array(
1191 'deny root from all',
1192 'allow root from localhost',
1193 'allow root from 10.0.0.0/8',
1194 'allow root from 192.168.0.0/16',
1195 'allow root from 172.16.0.0/12',
1200 4.7 Authentication window is displayed more than once, why?
1201 -----------------------------------------------------------
1203 This happens if you are using a :term:`URL` to start phpMyAdmin which is
1204 different than the one set in your :config:option:`$cfg['PmaAbsoluteUri']`. For
1205 example, a missing "www", or entering with an :term:`IP` address while a domain
1206 name is defined in the config file.
1210 4.8 Which parameters can I use in the URL that starts phpMyAdmin?
1211 -----------------------------------------------------------------
1213 When starting phpMyAdmin, you can use the ``db``, ``pma_username``,
1214 ``pma_password`` and ``server`` parameters. This last one can contain
1215 either the numeric host index (from ``$i`` of the configuration file)
1216 or one of the host names present in the configuration file. Using
1217 ``pma_username`` and ``pma_password`` has been tested along with the
1218 usage of 'cookie' ``auth_type``.
1220 For example direct login URL can be constructed as
1221 ``https://example.com/phpmyadmin/?pma_username=user&pma_password=password``.
1225 Browsers or client OS
1226 +++++++++++++++++++++
1230 5.1 I get an out of memory error, and my controls are non-functional, when trying to create a table with more than 14 columns.
1231 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1233 We could reproduce this problem only under Win98/98SE. Testing under
1234 WinNT4 or Win2K, we could easily create more than 60 columns. A
1235 workaround is to create a smaller number of columns, then come back to
1236 your table properties and add the other columns.
1240 5.2 With Xitami 2.5b4, phpMyAdmin won't process form fields.
1241 ------------------------------------------------------------
1243 This is not a phpMyAdmin problem but a Xitami known bug: you'll face
1244 it with each script/website that use forms. Upgrade or downgrade your
1249 5.3 I have problems dumping tables with Konqueror (phpMyAdmin 2.2.2).
1250 ---------------------------------------------------------------------
1252 With Konqueror 2.1.1: plain dumps, zip and gzip dumps work ok, except
1253 that the proposed file name for the dump is always 'tbl\_dump.php'.
1254 The bzip2 dumps don't seem to work. With Konqueror 2.2.1: plain dumps
1255 work; zip dumps are placed into the user's temporary directory, so
1256 they must be moved before closing Konqueror, or else they disappear.
1257 gzip dumps give an error message. Testing needs to be done for
1262 5.4 I can't use the cookie authentication mode because Internet Explorer never stores the cookies.
1263 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1265 MS Internet Explorer seems to be really buggy about cookies, at least
1271 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1276 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1280 5.7 I refresh (reload) my browser, and come back to the welcome page.
1281 ---------------------------------------------------------------------
1283 Some browsers support right-clicking into the frame you want to
1284 refresh, just do this in the right frame.
1288 5.8 With Mozilla 0.9.7 I have problems sending a query modified in the query box.
1289 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1291 Looks like a Mozilla bug: 0.9.6 was OK. We will keep an eye on future
1296 5.9 With Mozilla 0.9.? to 1.0 and Netscape 7.0-PR1 I can't type a whitespace in the SQL-Query edit area: the page scrolls down.
1297 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1299 This is a Mozilla bug (see bug #26882 at `BugZilla
1300 <https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/>`_).
1305 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1309 5.11 Extended-ASCII characters like German umlauts are displayed wrong.
1310 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
1312 Please ensure that you have set your browser's character set to the
1313 one of the language file you have selected on phpMyAdmin's start page.
1314 Alternatively, you can try the auto detection mode that is supported
1315 by the recent versions of the most browsers.
1319 5.12 Mac OS X Safari browser changes special characters to "?".
1320 ---------------------------------------------------------------
1322 This issue has been reported by a :term:`Mac OS X` user, who adds that Chimera,
1323 Netscape and Mozilla do not have this problem.
1328 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1333 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1338 -----------------------------------------
1342 5.16 With Internet Explorer, I get "Access is denied" Javascript errors. Or I cannot make phpMyAdmin work under Windows.
1343 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1345 Please check the following points:
1347 * Maybe you have defined your :config:option:`$cfg['PmaAbsoluteUri']` setting in
1348 :file:`config.inc.php` to an :term:`IP` address and you are starting phpMyAdmin
1349 with a :term:`URL` containing a domain name, or the reverse situation.
1350 * Security settings in IE and/or Microsoft Security Center are too high,
1351 thus blocking scripts execution.
1352 * The Windows Firewall is blocking Apache and MySQL. You must allow
1353 :term:`HTTP` ports (80 or 443) and MySQL
1354 port (usually 3306) in the "in" and "out" directions.
1358 5.17 With Firefox, I cannot delete rows of data or drop a database.
1359 -------------------------------------------------------------------
1361 Many users have confirmed that the Tabbrowser Extensions plugin they
1362 installed in their Firefox is causing the problem.
1367 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1371 5.19 I get JavaScript errors in my browser.
1372 -------------------------------------------
1374 Issues have been reported with some combinations of browser
1375 extensions. To troubleshoot, disable all extensions then clear your
1376 browser cache to see if the problem goes away.
1380 5.20 I get errors about violating Content Security Policy.
1381 ----------------------------------------------------------
1383 If you see errors like:
1385 .. code-block:: text
1387 Refused to apply inline style because it violates the following Content Security Policy directive
1389 This is usually caused by some software, which wrongly rewrites
1390 :mailheader:`Content Security Policy` headers. Usually this is caused by
1391 antivirus proxy or browser addons which are causing such errors.
1393 If you see these errors, try disabling the HTTP proxy in antivirus or disable
1394 the :mailheader:`Content Security Policy` rewriting in it. If that doesn't
1395 help, try disabling browser extensions.
1397 Alternatively it can be also server configuration issue (if the webserver is
1398 configured to emit :mailheader:`Content Security Policy` headers, they can
1399 override the ones from phpMyAdmin).
1401 Programs known to cause these kind of errors:
1403 * Kaspersky Internet Security
1407 5.21 I get errors about potentially unsafe operation when browsing table or executing SQL query.
1408 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1410 If you see errors like:
1412 .. code-block:: text
1414 A potentially unsafe operation has been detected in your request to this site.
1416 This is usually caused by web application firewall doing requests filtering. It
1417 tries to prevent SQL injection, however phpMyAdmin is tool designed to execute
1418 SQL queries, thus it makes it unusable.
1420 Please whitelist phpMyAdmin scripts from the web application firewall settings
1421 or disable it completely for phpMyAdmin path.
1423 Programs known to cause these kind of errors:
1425 * Wordfence Web Application Firewall
1434 6.1 I can't insert new rows into a table / I can't create a table - MySQL brings up a SQL error.
1435 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1437 Examine the :term:`SQL` error with care.
1438 Often the problem is caused by specifying a wrong column-type. Common
1441 * Using ``VARCHAR`` without a size argument
1442 * Using ``TEXT`` or ``BLOB`` with a size argument
1444 Also, look at the syntax chapter in the MySQL manual to confirm that
1445 your syntax is correct.
1449 6.2 When I create a table, I set an index for two columns and phpMyAdmin generates only one index with those two columns.
1450 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1452 This is the way to create a multi-columns index. If you want two
1453 indexes, create the first one when creating the table, save, then
1454 display the table properties and click the Index link to create the
1459 6.3 How can I insert a null value into my table?
1460 ------------------------------------------------
1462 Since version 2.2.3, you have a checkbox for each column that can be
1463 null. Before 2.2.3, you had to enter "null", without the quotes, as
1464 the column's value. Since version 2.5.5, you have to use the checkbox
1465 to get a real NULL value, so if you enter "NULL" this means you want a
1466 literal NULL in the column, and not a NULL value (this works in PHP4).
1470 6.4 How can I backup my database or table?
1471 ------------------------------------------
1473 Click on a database or table name in the navigation panel, the properties will
1474 be displayed. Then on the menu, click "Export", you can dump the structure, the
1475 data, or both. This will generate standard :term:`SQL` statements that can be
1476 used to recreate your database/table. You will need to choose "Save as file",
1477 so that phpMyAdmin can transmit the resulting dump to your station. Depending
1478 on your PHP configuration, you will see options to compress the dump. See also
1479 the :config:option:`$cfg['ExecTimeLimit']` configuration variable. For
1480 additional help on this subject, look for the word "dump" in this document.
1484 6.5 How can I restore (upload) my database or table using a dump? How can I run a ".sql" file?
1485 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1487 Click on a database name in the navigation panel, the properties will
1488 be displayed. Select "Import" from the list of tabs in the right–hand
1489 frame (or ":term:`SQL`" if your phpMyAdmin
1490 version is previous to 2.7.0). In the "Location of the text file"
1491 section, type in the path to your dump filename, or use the Browse
1492 button. Then click Go. With version 2.7.0, the import engine has been
1493 re–written, if possible it is suggested that you upgrade to take
1494 advantage of the new features. For additional help on this subject,
1495 look for the word "upload" in this document.
1497 Note: For errors while importing of dumps exported from older MySQL versions to newer MySQL versions,
1498 please check :ref:`faq6_41`.
1502 6.6 How can I use the relation table in Query-by-example?
1503 ---------------------------------------------------------
1505 Here is an example with the tables persons, towns and countries, all
1506 located in the database "mydb". If you don't have a ``pma__relation``
1507 table, create it as explained in the configuration section. Then
1508 create the example tables:
1510 .. code-block:: mysql
1513 CREATE TABLE REL_countries (
1514 country_code char(1) NOT NULL default '',
1515 description varchar(10) NOT NULL default '',
1516 PRIMARY KEY (country_code)
1519 INSERT INTO REL_countries VALUES ('C', 'Canada');
1521 CREATE TABLE REL_persons (
1522 id tinyint(4) NOT NULL auto_increment,
1523 person_name varchar(32) NOT NULL default '',
1524 town_code varchar(5) default '0',
1525 country_code char(1) NOT NULL default '',
1529 INSERT INTO REL_persons VALUES (11, 'Marc', 'S', '');
1530 INSERT INTO REL_persons VALUES (15, 'Paul', 'S', 'C');
1532 CREATE TABLE REL_towns (
1533 town_code varchar(5) NOT NULL default '0',
1534 description varchar(30) NOT NULL default '',
1535 PRIMARY KEY (town_code)
1538 INSERT INTO REL_towns VALUES ('S', 'Sherbrooke');
1539 INSERT INTO REL_towns VALUES ('M', 'Montréal');
1541 To setup appropriate links and display information:
1543 * on table "REL\_persons" click Structure, then Relation view
1544 * for "town\_code", choose from dropdowns, "mydb", "REL\_towns", "code"
1545 for foreign database, table and column respectively
1546 * for "country\_code", choose from dropdowns, "mydb", "REL\_countries",
1547 "country\_code" for foreign database, table and column respectively
1548 * on table "REL\_towns" click Structure, then Relation view
1549 * in "Choose column to display", choose "description"
1550 * repeat the two previous steps for table "REL\_countries"
1552 Then test like this:
1554 * Click on your db name in the navigation panel
1556 * Use tables: persons, towns, countries
1557 * Click "Update query"
1558 * In the columns row, choose persons.person\_name and click the "Show"
1560 * Do the same for towns.description and countries.descriptions in the
1562 * Click "Update query" and you will see in the query box that the
1563 correct joins have been generated
1564 * Click "Submit query"
1568 6.7 How can I use the "display column" feature?
1569 -----------------------------------------------
1571 Starting from the previous example, create the ``pma__table_info`` as
1572 explained in the configuration section, then browse your persons
1573 table, and move the mouse over a town code or country code. See also
1574 :ref:`faq6_21` for an additional feature that "display column"
1575 enables: drop-down list of possible values.
1579 6.8 How can I produce a PDF schema of my database?
1580 --------------------------------------------------
1582 First the configuration variables "relation", "table\_coords" and
1583 "pdf\_pages" have to be filled in. Then you need to think about your
1584 schema layout. Which tables will go on which pages?
1586 * Select your database in the navigation panel.
1587 * Choose "Operations" in the navigation bar at the top.
1588 * Choose "Edit :term:`PDF` Pages" near the
1590 * Enter a name for the first :term:`PDF` page
1591 and click Go. If you like, you can use the "automatic layout," which
1592 will put all your linked tables onto the new page.
1593 * Select the name of the new page (making sure the Edit radio button is
1594 selected) and click Go.
1595 * Select a table from the list, enter its coordinates and click Save.
1596 Coordinates are relative; your diagram will be automatically scaled to
1597 fit the page. When initially placing tables on the page, just pick any
1598 coordinates -- say, 50x50. After clicking Save, you can then use the
1599 :ref:`wysiwyg` to position the element correctly.
1600 * When you'd like to look at your :term:`PDF`, first be sure to click the Save
1601 button beneath the list of tables and coordinates, to save any changes you
1602 made there. Then scroll all the way down, select the :term:`PDF` options you
1604 * Internet Explorer for Windows may suggest an incorrect filename when
1605 you try to save a generated :term:`PDF`.
1606 When saving a generated :term:`PDF`, be
1607 sure that the filename ends in ".pdf", for example "schema.pdf".
1608 Browsers on other operating systems, and other browsers on Windows, do
1609 not have this problem.
1617 6.9 phpMyAdmin is changing the type of one of my columns!
1618 ---------------------------------------------------------
1620 No, it's MySQL that is doing `silent column type changing
1621 <https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/silent-column-changes.html>`_.
1625 6.10 When creating a privilege, what happens with underscores in the database name?
1626 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1628 If you do not put a backslash before the underscore, this is a
1629 wildcard grant, and the underscore means "any character". So, if the
1630 database name is "john\_db", the user would get rights to john1db,
1631 john2db ... If you put a backslash before the underscore, it means
1632 that the database name will have a real underscore.
1636 6.11 What is the curious symbol ø in the statistics pages?
1637 ----------------------------------------------------------
1643 6.12 I want to understand some Export options.
1644 ----------------------------------------------
1648 * "Add DROP TABLE" will add a line telling MySQL to `drop the table
1649 <https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/drop-table.html>`_, if it already
1650 exists during the import. It does NOT drop the table after your
1651 export, it only affects the import file.
1652 * "If Not Exists" will only create the table if it doesn't exist.
1653 Otherwise, you may get an error if the table name exists but has a
1654 different structure.
1655 * "Add AUTO\_INCREMENT value" ensures that AUTO\_INCREMENT value (if
1656 any) will be included in backup.
1657 * "Enclose table and column names with backquotes" ensures that column
1658 and table names formed with special characters are protected.
1659 * "Add into comments" includes column comments, relations, and MIME
1660 types set in the pmadb in the dump as :term:`SQL` comments
1665 * "Complete inserts" adds the column names on every INSERT command, for
1666 better documentation (but resulting file is bigger).
1667 * "Extended inserts" provides a shorter dump file by using only once the
1668 INSERT verb and the table name.
1669 * "Delayed inserts" are best explained in the `MySQL manual - INSERT DELAYED Syntax
1670 <https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/insert-delayed.html>`_.
1671 * "Ignore inserts" treats errors as a warning instead. Again, more info
1672 is provided in the `MySQL manual - INSERT Syntax
1673 <https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/insert.html>`_, but basically with
1674 this selected, invalid values are adjusted and inserted rather than
1675 causing the entire statement to fail.
1679 6.13 I would like to create a database with a dot in its name.
1680 --------------------------------------------------------------
1682 This is a bad idea, because in MySQL the syntax "database.table" is
1683 the normal way to reference a database and table name. Worse, MySQL
1684 will usually let you create a database with a dot, but then you cannot
1685 work with it, nor delete it.
1687 .. _faqsqlvalidator:
1694 6.15 I want to add a BLOB column and put an index on it, but MySQL says "BLOB column '...' used in key specification without a key length".
1695 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1697 The right way to do this, is to create the column without any indexes,
1698 then display the table structure and use the "Create an index" dialog.
1699 On this page, you will be able to choose your BLOB column, and set a
1700 size to the index, which is the condition to create an index on a BLOB
1705 6.16 How can I simply move in page with plenty editing fields?
1706 --------------------------------------------------------------
1708 You can use :kbd:`Ctrl+arrows` (:kbd:`Option+Arrows` in Safari) for moving on
1709 most pages with many editing fields (table structure changes, row editing,
1714 6.17 Transformations: I can't enter my own mimetype! What is this feature then useful for?
1715 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1717 Defining mimetypes is of no use if you can't put
1718 transformations on them. Otherwise you could just put a comment on the
1719 column. Because entering your own mimetype will cause serious syntax
1720 checking issues and validation, this introduces a high-risk false-
1721 user-input situation. Instead you have to initialize mimetypes using
1722 functions or empty mimetype definitions.
1724 Plus, you have a whole overview of available mimetypes. Who knows all those
1725 mimetypes by heart so he/she can enter it at will?
1729 6.18 Bookmarks: Where can I store bookmarks? Why can't I see any bookmarks below the query box? What are these variables for?
1730 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1732 You need to have configured the :ref:`linked-tables` for using bookmarks
1733 feature. Once you have done that, you can use bookmarks in the :guilabel:`SQL` tab.
1735 .. seealso:: :ref:`bookmarks`
1739 6.19 How can I create simple LATEX document to include exported table?
1740 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
1742 You can simply include table in your LATEX documents,
1743 minimal sample document should look like following one (assuming you
1744 have table exported in file :file:`table.tex`):
1746 .. code-block:: latex
1749 \documentclass{article} % or any class you want
1750 \usepackage{longtable} % for displaying table
1751 \begin{document} % start of document
1752 \include{table} % including exported table
1753 \end{document} % end of document
1757 6.20 I see a lot of databases which are not mine, and cannot access them.
1758 -------------------------------------------------------------------------
1760 You have one of these global privileges: CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES, SHOW
1761 DATABASES, LOCK TABLES. Those privileges also enable users to see all the
1762 database names. So if your users do not need those privileges, you can remove
1763 them and their databases list will shorten.
1765 .. seealso:: <https://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=179>
1769 6.21 In edit/insert mode, how can I see a list of possible values for a column, based on some foreign table?
1770 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1772 You have to setup appropriate links between the tables, and also setup
1773 the "display column" in the foreign table. See :ref:`faq6_6` for an
1774 example. Then, if there are 100 values or less in the foreign table, a
1775 drop-down list of values will be available. You will see two lists of
1776 values, the first list containing the key and the display column, the
1777 second list containing the display column and the key. The reason for
1778 this is to be able to type the first letter of either the key or the
1779 display column. For 100 values or more, a distinct window will appear,
1780 to browse foreign key values and choose one. To change the default
1781 limit of 100, see :config:option:`$cfg['ForeignKeyMaxLimit']`.
1786 6.22 Bookmarks: Can I execute a default bookmark automatically when entering Browse mode for a table?
1787 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1789 Yes. If a bookmark has the same label as a table name and it's not a
1790 public bookmark, it will be executed.
1792 .. seealso:: :ref:`bookmarks`
1796 6.23 Export: I heard phpMyAdmin can export Microsoft Excel files?
1797 -----------------------------------------------------------------
1799 You can use :term:`CSV` for Microsoft Excel,
1800 which works out of the box.
1802 .. versionchanged:: 3.4.5
1803 Since phpMyAdmin 3.4.5 support for direct export to Microsoft Excel version
1804 97 and newer was dropped.
1808 6.24 Now that phpMyAdmin supports native MySQL 4.1.x column comments, what happens to my column comments stored in pmadb?
1809 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1811 Automatic migration of a table's pmadb-style column comments to the
1812 native ones is done whenever you enter Structure page for this table.
1821 6.26 How can I select a range of rows?
1822 --------------------------------------
1824 Click the first row of the range, hold the shift key and click the
1825 last row of the range. This works everywhere you see rows, for example
1826 in Browse mode or on the Structure page.
1830 6.27 What format strings can I use?
1831 -----------------------------------
1833 In all places where phpMyAdmin accepts format strings, you can use
1834 ``@VARIABLE@`` expansion and `strftime <https://secure.php.net/strftime>`_
1835 format strings. The expanded variables depend on a context (for
1836 example, if you haven't chosen a table, you can not get the table
1837 name), but the following variables can be used:
1840 HTTP host that runs phpMyAdmin
1844 Verbose MySQL server name as defined in :config:option:`$cfg['Servers'][$i]['verbose']`
1846 Verbose MySQL server name if set, otherwise normal
1848 Currently opened database
1850 Currently opened table
1852 Columns of the currently opened table
1854 phpMyAdmin with version
1858 6.28 How can I easily edit relational schema for export?
1859 --------------------------------------------------------
1861 By clicking on the button 'toggle scratchboard' on the page where you
1862 edit x/y coordinates of those elements you can activate a scratchboard
1863 where all your elements are placed. By clicking on an element, you can
1864 move them around in the pre-defined area and the x/y coordinates will
1865 get updated dynamically. Likewise, when entering a new position
1866 directly into the input field, the new position in the scratchboard
1867 changes after your cursor leaves the input field.
1869 You have to click on the 'OK'-button below the tables to save the new
1870 positions. If you want to place a new element, first add it to the
1871 table of elements and then you can drag the new element around.
1873 By changing the paper size and the orientation you can change the size
1874 of the scratchboard as well. You can do so by just changing the
1875 dropdown field below, and the scratchboard will resize automatically,
1876 without interfering with the current placement of the elements.
1878 If ever an element gets out of range you can either enlarge the paper
1879 size or click on the 'reset' button to place all elements below each
1884 6.29 Why can't I get a chart from my query result table?
1885 --------------------------------------------------------
1887 Not every table can be put to the chart. Only tables with one, two or
1888 three columns can be visualised as a chart. Moreover the table must be
1889 in a special format for chart script to understand it. Currently
1890 supported formats can be found in :ref:`charts`.
1894 6.30 Import: How can I import ESRI Shapefiles?
1895 ----------------------------------------------
1897 An ESRI Shapefile is actually a set of several files, where .shp file
1898 contains geometry data and .dbf file contains data related to those
1899 geometry data. To read data from .dbf file you need to have PHP
1900 compiled with the dBase extension (--enable-dbase). Otherwise only
1901 geometry data will be imported.
1903 To upload these set of files you can use either of the following
1906 Configure upload directory with :config:option:`$cfg['UploadDir']`, upload both .shp and .dbf files with
1907 the same filename and chose the .shp file from the import page.
1909 Create a zip archive with .shp and .dbf files and import it. For this
1910 to work, you need to set :config:option:`$cfg['TempDir']` to a place where the web server user can
1911 write (for example ``'./tmp'``).
1913 To create the temporary directory on a UNIX-based system, you can do:
1923 6.31 How do I create a relation in designer?
1924 --------------------------------------------
1926 To select relation, click: The display column is shown in pink. To
1927 set/unset a column as the display column, click the "Choose column to
1928 display" icon, then click on the appropriate column name.
1932 6.32 How can I use the zoom search feature?
1933 -------------------------------------------
1935 The Zoom search feature is an alternative to table search feature. It allows
1936 you to explore a table by representing its data in a scatter plot. You can
1937 locate this feature by selecting a table and clicking the :guilabel:`Search`
1938 tab. One of the sub-tabs in the :guilabel:`Table Search` page is
1939 :guilabel:`Zoom Search`.
1941 Consider the table REL\_persons in :ref:`faq6_6` for
1942 an example. To use zoom search, two columns need to be selected, for
1943 example, id and town\_code. The id values will be represented on one
1944 axis and town\_code values on the other axis. Each row will be
1945 represented as a point in a scatter plot based on its id and
1946 town\_code. You can include two additional search criteria apart from
1947 the two fields to display.
1949 You can choose which field should be
1950 displayed as label for each point. If a display column has been set
1951 for the table (see :ref:`faqdisplay`), it is taken as the label unless
1952 you specify otherwise. You can also select the maximum number of rows
1953 you want to be displayed in the plot by specifing it in the 'Max rows
1954 to plot' field. Once you have decided over your criteria, click 'Go'
1955 to display the plot.
1957 After the plot is generated, you can use the
1958 mousewheel to zoom in and out of the plot. In addition, panning
1959 feature is enabled to navigate through the plot. You can zoom-in to a
1960 certain level of detail and use panning to locate your area of
1961 interest. Clicking on a point opens a dialogue box, displaying field
1962 values of the data row represented by the point. You can edit the
1963 values if required and click on submit to issue an update query. Basic
1964 instructions on how to use can be viewed by clicking the 'How to use?'
1965 link located just above the plot.
1969 6.33 When browsing a table, how can I copy a column name?
1970 ---------------------------------------------------------
1972 Selecting the name of the column within the browse table header cell
1973 for copying is difficult, as the columns support reordering by
1974 dragging the header cells as well as sorting by clicking on the linked
1975 column name. To copy a column name, double-click on the empty area
1976 next to the column name, when the tooltip tells you to do so. This
1977 will show you an input box with the column name. You may right-click
1978 the column name within this input box to copy it to your clipboard.
1982 6.34 How can I use the Favorite Tables feature?
1983 ---------------------------------------------------------
1985 Favorite Tables feature is very much similar to Recent Tables feature.
1986 It allows you to add a shortcut for the frequently used tables of any
1987 database in the navigation panel . You can easily navigate to any table
1988 in the list by simply choosing it from the list. These tables are stored
1989 in your browser's local storage if you have not configured your
1990 `phpMyAdmin Configuration Storage`. Otherwise these entries are stored in
1991 `phpMyAdmin Configuration Storage`.
1993 IMPORTANT: In absence of `phpMyAdmin Configuration Storage`, your Favorite
1994 tables may be different in different browsers based on your different
1997 To add a table to Favorite list simply click on the `Gray` star in front
1998 of a table name in the list of tables of a Database and wait until it
2000 To remove a table from list, simply click on the `Yellow` star and
2001 wait until it turns `Gray` again.
2003 Using :config:option:`$cfg['NumFavoriteTables']` in your :file:`config.inc.php`
2004 file, you can define the maximum number of favorite tables shown in the
2005 navigation panel. Its default value is `10`.
2009 6.35 How can I use the Range search feature?
2010 ---------------------------------------------------------
2012 With the help of range search feature, one can specify a range of values for
2013 particular column(s) while performing search operation on a table from the `Search`
2016 To use this feature simply click on the `BETWEEN` or `NOT BETWEEN` operators
2017 from the operator select list in front of the column name. On choosing one of the
2018 above options, a dialog box will show up asking for the `Minimum` and `Maximum`
2019 value for that column. Only the specified range of values will be included
2020 in case of `BETWEEN` and excluded in case of `NOT BETWEEN` from the final results.
2022 Note: The Range search feature will work only `Numeric` and `Date` data type columns.
2026 6.36 What is Central columns and how can I use this feature?
2027 ------------------------------------------------------------
2029 As the name suggests, the Central columns feature enables to maintain a central list of
2030 columns per database to avoid similar name for the same data element and bring consistency
2031 of data type for the same data element. You can use the central list of columns to
2032 add an element to any table structure in that database which will save from writing
2033 similar column name and column definition.
2035 To add a column to central list, go to table structure page, check the columns you want
2036 to include and then simply click on "Add to central columns". If you want to add all
2037 unique columns from more than one table from a database then go to database structure page,
2038 check the tables you want to include and then select "Add columns to central list".
2040 To remove a column from central list, go to Table structure page, check the columns you want
2041 to remove and then simply click on "Remove from central columns". If you want to remove all
2042 columns from more than one tables from a database then go to database structure page,
2043 check the tables you want to include and then select "Remove columns from central list".
2045 To view and manage the central list, select the database you want to manage central columns
2046 for then from the top menu click on "Central columns". You will be taken to a page where
2047 you will have options to edit, delete or add new columns to central list.
2051 6.37 How can I use Improve Table structure feature?
2052 ---------------------------------------------------------
2054 Improve table structure feature helps to bring the table structure upto
2055 Third Normal Form. A wizard is presented to user which asks questions about the
2056 elements during the various steps for normalization and a new structure is proposed
2057 accordingly to bring the table into the First/Second/Third Normal form.
2058 On startup of the wizard, user gets to select upto what normal form they want to
2059 normalize the table structure.
2061 Here is an example table which you can use to test all of the three First, Second and
2064 .. code-block:: mysql
2066 CREATE TABLE `VetOffice` (
2067 `petName` varchar(64) NOT NULL,
2068 `petBreed` varchar(64) NOT NULL,
2069 `petType` varchar(64) NOT NULL,
2070 `petDOB` date NOT NULL,
2071 `ownerLastName` varchar(64) NOT NULL,
2072 `ownerFirstName` varchar(64) NOT NULL,
2073 `ownerPhone1` int(12) NOT NULL,
2074 `ownerPhone2` int(12) NOT NULL,
2075 `ownerEmail` varchar(64) NOT NULL,
2078 The above table is not in First normal Form as no :term:`primary key` exists. Primary key
2079 is supposed to be (`petName`,`ownerLastName`,`ownerFirstName`) . If the :term:`primary key`
2080 is chosen as suggested the resultant table won't be in Second as well as Third Normal
2081 form as the following dependencies exists.
2083 .. code-block:: mysql
2085 (OwnerLastName, OwnerFirstName) -> OwnerEmail
2086 (OwnerLastName, OwnerFirstName) -> OwnerPhone
2089 Which says, OwnerEmail depends on OwnerLastName and OwnerFirstName.
2090 OwnerPhone depends on OwnerLastName and OwnerFirstName.
2091 PetType depends on PetBreed.
2095 6.38 How can I reassign auto-incremented values?
2096 ------------------------------------------------
2098 Some users prefer their AUTO_INCREMENT values to be consecutive; this is not
2099 always the case after row deletion.
2101 Here are the steps to accomplish this. These are manual steps because they
2102 involve a manual verification at one point.
2104 * Ensure that you have exclusive access to the table to rearrange
2106 * On your :term:`primary key` column (i.e. id), remove the AUTO_INCREMENT setting
2108 * Delete your primary key in Structure > indexes
2110 * Create a new column future_id as primary key, AUTO_INCREMENT
2112 * Browse your table and verify that the new increments correspond to what
2115 * Drop your old id column
2117 * Rename the future_id column to id
2119 * Move the new id column via Structure > Move columns
2123 6.39 What is the "Adjust privileges" option when renaming, copying, or moving a database, table, column, or procedure?
2124 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2126 When renaming/copying/moving a database/table/column/procedure,
2127 MySQL does not adjust the original privileges relating to these objects
2128 on its own. By selecting this option, phpMyAdmin will adjust the privilege
2129 table so that users have the same privileges on the new items.
2131 For example: A user 'bob'@'localhost' has a 'SELECT' privilege on a
2132 column named 'id'. Now, if this column is renamed to 'id_new', MySQL,
2133 on its own, would **not** adjust the column privileges to the new column name.
2134 phpMyAdmin can make this adjustment for you automatically.
2138 * While adjusting privileges for a database, the privileges of all
2139 database-related elements (tables, columns and procedures) are also adjusted
2140 to the database's new name.
2142 * Similarly, while adjusting privileges for a table, the privileges of all
2143 the columns inside the new table are also adjusted.
2145 * While adjusting privileges, the user performing the operation **must** have the following
2148 * SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE privileges on following tables:
2149 `mysql`.`db`, `mysql`.`columns_priv`, `mysql`.`tables_priv`, `mysql`.`procs_priv`
2150 * FLUSH privilege (GLOBAL)
2152 Thus, if you want to replicate the database/table/column/procedure as it is
2153 while renaming/copying/moving these objects, make sure you have checked this option.
2157 6.40 I see "Bind parameters" checkbox in the "SQL" page. How do I write parameterized SQL queries?
2158 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2160 From version 4.5, phpMyAdmin allows users to execute parameterized queries in the "SQL" page.
2161 Parameters should be prefixed with a colon(:) and when the "Bind parameters" checkbox is checked
2162 these parameters will be identified and input fields for these parameters will be presented.
2163 Values entered in these field will be substituted in the query before being executed.
2167 6.41 I get import errors while importing the dumps exported from older MySQL versions (pre-5.7.6) into newer MySQL versions (5.7.7+), but they work fine when imported back on same older versions ?
2168 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2170 If you get errors like *#1031 - Table storage engine for 'table_name' doesn't have this option*
2171 while importing the dumps exported from pre-5.7.7 MySQL servers into new MySQL server versions 5.7.7+,
2172 it might be because ROW_FORMAT=FIXED is not supported with InnoDB tables. Moreover, the value of
2173 `innodb_strict_mode <https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/innodb-parameters.html#sysvar_innodb_strict_mode>`_ would define if this would be reported as a warning or as an error.
2175 Since MySQL version 5.7.9, the default value for `innodb_strict_mode` is `ON` and thus would generate
2176 an error when such a CREATE TABLE or ALTER TABLE statement is encountered.
2178 There are two ways of preventing such errors while importing:
2180 * Change the value of `innodb_strict_mode` to `OFF` before starting the import and turn it `ON` after
2181 the import is successfully completed.
2182 * This can be achieved in two ways:
2184 * Go to 'Variables' page and edit the value of `innodb_strict_mode`
2185 * Run the query : `SET GLOBAL `innodb_strict_mode` = '[value]'`
2187 After the import is done, it is suggested that the value of `innodb_strict_mode` should be reset to the
2197 7.1 I have found a bug. How do I inform developers?
2198 ---------------------------------------------------
2200 Our issues tracker is located at <https://github.com/phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin/issues>.
2201 For security issues, please refer to the instructions at <https://www.phpmyadmin.net/security> to email
2202 the developers directly.
2206 7.2 I want to translate the messages to a new language or upgrade an existing language, where do I start?
2207 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2209 Translations are very welcome and all you need to have are the
2210 language skills. The easiest way is to use our `online translation
2211 service <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/phpmyadmin/>`_. You can check
2212 out all the possibilities to translate in the `translate section on
2213 our website <https://www.phpmyadmin.net/translate/>`_.
2217 7.3 I would like to help out with the development of phpMyAdmin. How should I proceed?
2218 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2220 We welcome every contribution to the development of phpMyAdmin. You
2221 can check out all the possibilities to contribute in the `contribute
2222 section on our website
2223 <https://www.phpmyadmin.net/contribute/>`_.
2225 .. seealso:: :ref:`developers`
2234 8.1 Where can I get information about the security alerts issued for phpMyAdmin?
2235 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2237 Please refer to <https://www.phpmyadmin.net/security/>.
2241 8.2 How can I protect phpMyAdmin against brute force attacks?
2242 -------------------------------------------------------------
2244 If you use Apache web server, phpMyAdmin exports information about
2245 authentication to the Apache environment and it can be used in Apache
2246 logs. Currently there are two variables available:
2250 User name of currently active user (he does not have to be logged in).
2252 Status of currently active user, one of ``ok`` (user is logged in),
2253 ``mysql-denied`` (MySQL denied user login), ``allow-denied`` (user denied
2254 by allow/deny rules), ``root-denied`` (root is denied in configuration),
2255 ``empty-denied`` (empty password is denied).
2257 ``LogFormat`` directive for Apache can look like following:
2259 .. code-block:: apache
2261 LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %{userID}n %{userStatus}n" pma_combined
2263 You can then use any log analyzing tools to detect possible break-in
2268 8.3 Why are there path disclosures when directly loading certain files?
2269 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
2271 This is a server configuration problem. Never enable ``display_errors`` on a production site.
2275 8.4 CSV files exported from phpMyAdmin could allow a formula injection attack.
2276 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2278 It is possible to generate a :term:`CSV` file that, when imported to a spreadsheet program such as Microsoft Excel,
2279 could potentially allow the execution of arbitrary commands.
2281 The CSV files generated by phpMyAdmin could potentially contain text that would be interpreted by a spreadsheet program as
2282 a formula, but we do not believe escaping those fields is the proper behavior. There is no means to properly escape and
2283 differentiate between a desired text output and a formula that should be escaped, and CSV is a text format where function
2284 definitions should not be interpreted anyway. We have discussed this at length and feel it is the responsibility of the
2285 spreadsheet program to properly parse and sanitize such data on input instead.
2287 Google also has a `similar view <https://sites.google.com/site/bughunteruniversity/nonvuln/csv-excel-formula-injection>`_.
2289 .. _faqsynchronization: