pattern.c

   1 #define DEBUG
   2 #include <assert.h>
   3 #include <ctype.h>
   4 #include <inttypes.h>
   5 #include <stdio.h>
   6 #include <stdlib.h>
   7
   8 #include "board.h"
   9 #include "debug.h"
  10 #include "pattern.h"
  11 #include "patternsp.h"
  12 #include "patternprob.h"
  13 #include "tactics/ladder.h"
  14 #include "tactics/selfatari.h"
  15 #include "tactics/util.h"
  16
  17
  18 struct pattern_config DEFAULT_PATTERN_CONFIG = {
  19         .bdist_max = 4,
  20
  21         .spat_min = 3, .spat_max = MAX_PATTERN_DIST,
  22         .spat_largest = true,
  23 };
  24
  25 #define PF_MATCH 15
  26
  27 pattern_spec PATTERN_SPEC_MATCH_DEFAULT = {
  28         [FEAT_CAPTURE] = ~0,
  29         [FEAT_AESCAPE] = ~0,
  30         [FEAT_SELFATARI] = ~0,
  31         [FEAT_ATARI] = ~0,
  32         [FEAT_BORDER] = ~0,
  33         [FEAT_CONTIGUITY] = 0,
  34         [FEAT_SPATIAL] = ~0,
  35 };
  36
  37 static const struct feature_info {
  38         char *name;
  39         int payloads;
  40 } features[FEAT_MAX] = {
  41         [FEAT_CAPTURE] = { .name = "capture", .payloads = 64 },
  42         [FEAT_AESCAPE] = { .name = "atariescape", .payloads = 16 },
  43         [FEAT_SELFATARI] = { .name = "selfatari", .payloads = 4 },
  44         [FEAT_ATARI] = { .name = "atari", .payloads = 4 },
  45         [FEAT_BORDER] = { .name = "border", .payloads = -1 },
  46         [FEAT_CONTIGUITY] = { .name = "cont", .payloads = 2 },
  47         [FEAT_SPATIAL] = { .name = "s", .payloads = -1 },
  48 };
  49
  50 char *
  51 feature2str(char *str, struct feature *f)
  52 {
  53         return str + sprintf(str + strlen(str), "%s:%d", features[f->id].name, f->payload);
  54 }
  55
  56 char *
  57 str2feature(char *str, struct feature *f)
  58 {
  59         while (isspace(*str)) str++;
  60
  61         int unsigned flen = strcspn(str, ":");
  62         for (unsigned int i = 0; i < sizeof(features)/sizeof(features[0]); i++)
  63                 if (strlen(features[i].name) == flen && !strncmp(features[i].name, str, flen)) {
  64                         f->id = i;
  65                         goto found;
  66                 }
  67         fprintf(stderr, "invalid featurespec: %s[%d]\n", str, flen);
  68         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
  69
  70 found:
  71         str += flen + 1;
  72         f->payload = strtoull(str, &str, 10);
  73         return str;
  74 }
  75
  76 char *
  77 feature_name(enum feature_id f)
  78 {
  79         return features[f].name;
  80 }
  81
  82 int
  83 feature_payloads(struct pattern_config *pc, enum feature_id f)
  84 {
  85         switch (f) {
  86                 case FEAT_SPATIAL:
  87                         assert(features[f].payloads < 0);
  88                         return pc->spat_dict->nspatials;
  89                 case FEAT_BORDER:
  90                         assert(features[f].payloads < 0);
  91                         return pc->bdist_max + 1;
  92                 default:
  93                         assert(features[f].payloads > 0);
  94                         return features[f].payloads;
  95         }
  96 }
  97
  98
  99 void
 100 patterns_init(struct pattern_setup *pat, char *arg, bool will_append, bool load_prob)
 101 {
 102         char *pdict_file = NULL;
 103
 104         memset(pat, 0, sizeof(*pat));
 105
 106         pat->pc = DEFAULT_PATTERN_CONFIG;
 107         pat->pc.spat_dict = spatial_dict_init(will_append, !load_prob);
 108
 109         memcpy(&pat->ps, PATTERN_SPEC_MATCH_DEFAULT, sizeof(pattern_spec));
 110
 111         if (arg) {
 112                 char *optspec, *next = arg;
 113                 while (*next) {
 114                         optspec = next;
 115                         next += strcspn(next, ":");
 116                         if (*next) { *next++ = 0; } else { *next = 0; }
 117
 118                         char *optname = optspec;
 119                         char *optval = strchr(optspec, '=');
 120                         if (optval) *optval++ = 0;
 121
 122                         /* See pattern.h:pattern_config for description and
 123                          * pattern.c:DEFAULT_PATTERN_CONFIG for default values
 124                          * of the following options. */
 125                         if (!strcasecmp(optname, "bdist_max") && optval) {
 126                                 pat->pc.bdist_max = atoi(optval);
 127                         } else if (!strcasecmp(optname, "spat_min") && optval) {
 128                                 pat->pc.spat_min = atoi(optval);
 129                         } else if (!strcasecmp(optname, "spat_max") && optval) {
 130                                 pat->pc.spat_max = atoi(optval);
 131                         } else if (!strcasecmp(optname, "spat_largest")) {
 132                                 pat->pc.spat_largest = !optval || atoi(optval);
 133
 134                         } else if (!strcasecmp(optname, "pdict_file") && optval) {
 135                                 pdict_file = optval;
 136
 137                         } else {
 138                                 fprintf(stderr, "patterns: Invalid argument %s or missing value\n", optname);
 139                                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 140                         }
 141                 }
 142         }
 143
 144         if (load_prob && pat->pc.spat_dict) {
 145                 pat->pd = pattern_pdict_init(pdict_file, &pat->pc);
 146         }
 147 }
 148
 149
 150 /* pattern_spec helpers */
 151 #define PS_ANY(F) (ps[FEAT_ ## F] & (1 << PF_MATCH))
 152 #define PS_PF(F, P) (ps[FEAT_ ## F] & (1 << PF_ ## F ## _ ## P))
 153
 154 static struct feature *
 155 pattern_match_capture(struct pattern_config *pc, pattern_spec ps,
 156                       struct pattern *p, struct feature *f,
 157                       struct board *b, struct move *m)
 158 {
 159         f->id = FEAT_CAPTURE; f->payload = 0;
 160 #ifdef BOARD_TRAITS
 161         if (!trait_at(b, m->coord, m->color).cap)
 162                 return f;
 163         /* Capturable! */
 164         if ((ps[FEAT_CAPTURE] & ~(1<<PF_CAPTURE_1STONE | 1<<PF_CAPTURE_TRAPPED | 1<<PF_CAPTURE_CONNECTION)) == 1<<PF_MATCH) {
 165                 if (PS_PF(CAPTURE, 1STONE))
 166                         f->payload |= (trait_at(b, m->coord, m->color).cap1 == trait_at(b, m->coord, m->color).cap) << PF_CAPTURE_1STONE;
 167                 if (PS_PF(CAPTURE, TRAPPED))
 168                         f->payload |= (!trait_at(b, m->coord, stone_other(m->color)).safe) << PF_CAPTURE_TRAPPED;
 169                 if (PS_PF(CAPTURE, CONNECTION))
 170                         f->payload |= (trait_at(b, m->coord, m->color).cap < neighbor_count_at(b, m->coord, stone_other(m->color))) << PF_CAPTURE_CONNECTION;
 171                 (f++, p->n++);
 172                 return f;
 173         }
 174         /* We need to know details, so we still have to go through
 175          * the neighbors. */
 176 #endif
 177
 178         /* We look at neighboring groups we could capture, and also if the
 179          * opponent could save them. */
 180         /* This is very similar in spirit to board_safe_to_play(), and almost
 181          * a color inverse of pattern_match_aescape(). */
 182
 183         /* Whether an escape move would be safe for the opponent. */
 184         int captures = 0;
 185         coord_t onelib = -1;
 186         int extra_libs = 0, connectable_groups = 0;
 187         bool onestone = false, multistone = false;
 188
 189         foreach_neighbor(b, m->coord, {
 190                 if (board_at(b, c) != stone_other(m->color)) {
 191                         if (board_at(b, c) == S_NONE)
 192                                 extra_libs++; // free point
 193                         else if (board_at(b, c) == m->color && board_group_info(b, group_at(b, c)).libs == 1)
 194                                 extra_libs += 2; // capturable enemy group
 195                         continue;
 196                 }
 197
 198                 group_t g = group_at(b, c); assert(g);
 199                 if (board_group_info(b, g).libs > 1) {
 200                         connectable_groups++;
 201                         if (board_group_info(b, g).libs > 2) {
 202                                 extra_libs += 2; // connected out
 203                         } else {
 204                                 /* This is a bit tricky; we connect our 2-lib
 205                                  * group to another 2-lib group, which counts
 206                                  * as one liberty, but only if the other lib
 207                                  * is not shared too. */
 208                                 if (onelib == -1) {
 209                                         onelib = board_group_other_lib(b, g, c);
 210                                         extra_libs++;
 211                                 } else {
 212                                         if (c == onelib)
 213                                                 extra_libs--; // take that back
 214                                         else
 215                                                 extra_libs++;
 216                                 }
 217                         }
 218                         continue;
 219                 }
 220
 221                 /* Capture! */
 222                 captures++;
 223
 224                 if (PS_PF(CAPTURE, LADDER))
 225                         f->payload |= is_ladder(b, m->coord, g) << PF_CAPTURE_LADDER;
 226                 /* TODO: is_ladder() is too conservative in some
 227                  * very obvious situations, look at complete.gtp. */
 228
 229                 if (PS_PF(CAPTURE, ATARIDEF))
 230                 foreach_in_group(b, g) {
 231                         foreach_neighbor(b, c, {
 232                                 assert(board_at(b, c) != S_NONE || c == m->coord);
 233                                 if (board_at(b, c) != m->color)
 234                                         continue;
 235                                 group_t g = group_at(b, c);
 236                                 if (!g || board_group_info(b, g).libs != 1)
 237                                         continue;
 238                                 /* A neighboring group of ours is in atari. */
 239                                 f->payload |= 1 << PF_CAPTURE_ATARIDEF;
 240                         });
 241                 } foreach_in_group_end;
 242
 243                 if (PS_PF(CAPTURE, KO)
 244                     && group_is_onestone(b, g)
 245                     && neighbor_count_at(b, m->coord, stone_other(m->color))
 246                        + neighbor_count_at(b, m->coord, S_OFFBOARD) == 4)
 247                         f->payload |= 1 << PF_CAPTURE_KO;
 248
 249                 if (group_is_onestone(b, g))
 250                         onestone = true;
 251                 else
 252                         multistone = true;
 253         });
 254
 255         if (captures > 0) {
 256                 if (PS_PF(CAPTURE, 1STONE))
 257                         f->payload |= (onestone && !multistone) << PF_CAPTURE_1STONE;
 258                 if (PS_PF(CAPTURE, TRAPPED))
 259                         f->payload |= (extra_libs < 2) << PF_CAPTURE_TRAPPED;
 260                 if (PS_PF(CAPTURE, CONNECTION))
 261                         f->payload |= (connectable_groups > 0) << PF_CAPTURE_CONNECTION;
 262                 (f++, p->n++);
 263         }
 264         return f;
 265 }
 266
 267 static struct feature *
 268 pattern_match_aescape(struct pattern_config *pc, pattern_spec ps,
 269                       struct pattern *p, struct feature *f,
 270                       struct board *b, struct move *m)
 271 {
 272         f->id = FEAT_AESCAPE; f->payload = 0;
 273 #ifdef BOARD_TRAITS
 274         if (!trait_at(b, m->coord, stone_other(m->color)).cap)
 275                 return f;
 276         /* Opponent can capture something! */
 277         if ((ps[FEAT_AESCAPE] & ~(1<<PF_AESCAPE_1STONE | 1<<PF_AESCAPE_TRAPPED | 1<<PF_AESCAPE_CONNECTION)) == 1<<PF_MATCH) {
 278                 if (PS_PF(AESCAPE, 1STONE))
 279                         f->payload |= (trait_at(b, m->coord, stone_other(m->color)).cap1 == trait_at(b, m->coord, stone_other(m->color)).cap) << PF_AESCAPE_1STONE;
 280                 if (PS_PF(AESCAPE, TRAPPED))
 281                         f->payload |= (!trait_at(b, m->coord, m->color).safe) << PF_AESCAPE_TRAPPED;
 282                 if (PS_PF(AESCAPE, CONNECTION))
 283                         f->payload |= (trait_at(b, m->coord, stone_other(m->color)).cap < neighbor_count_at(b, m->coord, m->color)) << PF_AESCAPE_CONNECTION;
 284                 (f++, p->n++);
 285                 return f;
 286         }
 287         /* We need to know details, so we still have to go through
 288          * the neighbors. */
 289 #endif
 290
 291         /* Find if a neighboring group of ours is in atari, AND that we provide
 292          * a liberty to connect out. XXX: No connect-and-die check. */
 293         /* This is very similar in spirit to board_safe_to_play(). */
 294         group_t in_atari = -1;
 295         coord_t onelib = -1;
 296         int extra_libs = 0, connectable_groups = 0;
 297         bool onestone = false, multistone = false;
 298
 299         foreach_neighbor(b, m->coord, {
 300                 if (board_at(b, c) != m->color) {
 301                         if (board_at(b, c) == S_NONE)
 302                                 extra_libs++; // free point
 303                         else if (board_at(b, c) == stone_other(m->color) && board_group_info(b, group_at(b, c)).libs == 1) {
 304                                 extra_libs += 2; // capturable enemy group
 305                                 /* XXX: We just consider this move safe
 306                                  * unconditionally. */
 307                         }
 308                         continue;
 309                 }
 310                 group_t g = group_at(b, c); assert(g);
 311                 if (board_group_info(b, g).libs > 1) {
 312                         connectable_groups++;
 313                         if (board_group_info(b, g).libs > 2) {
 314                                 extra_libs += 2; // connected out
 315                         } else {
 316                                 /* This is a bit tricky; we connect our 2-lib
 317                                  * group to another 2-lib group, which counts
 318                                  * as one liberty, but only if the other lib
 319                                  * is not shared too. */
 320                                 if (onelib == -1) {
 321                                         onelib = board_group_other_lib(b, g, c);
 322                                         extra_libs++;
 323                                 } else {
 324                                         if (c == onelib)
 325                                                 extra_libs--; // take that back
 326                                         else
 327                                                 extra_libs++;
 328                                 }
 329                         }
 330                         continue;
 331                 }
 332
 333                 /* In atari! */
 334                 in_atari = g;
 335
 336                 if (PS_PF(AESCAPE, LADDER))
 337                         f->payload |= is_ladder(b, m->coord, g) << PF_AESCAPE_LADDER;
 338                 /* TODO: is_ladder() is too conservative in some
 339                  * very obvious situations, look at complete.gtp. */
 340
 341                 if (group_is_onestone(b, g))
 342                         onestone = true;
 343                 else
 344                         multistone = true;
 345         });
 346
 347         if (in_atari >= 0) {
 348                 if (PS_PF(AESCAPE, 1STONE))
 349                         f->payload |= (onestone && !multistone) << PF_AESCAPE_1STONE;
 350                 if (PS_PF(AESCAPE, TRAPPED))
 351                         f->payload |= (extra_libs < 2) << PF_AESCAPE_TRAPPED;
 352                 if (PS_PF(AESCAPE, CONNECTION))
 353                         f->payload |= (connectable_groups > 0) << PF_AESCAPE_CONNECTION;
 354                 (f++, p->n++);
 355         }
 356         return f;
 357 }
 358
 359 static struct feature *
 360 pattern_match_atari(struct pattern_config *pc, pattern_spec ps,
 361                     struct pattern *p, struct feature *f,
 362                     struct board *b, struct move *m)
 363 {
 364         foreach_neighbor(b, m->coord, {
 365                 if (board_at(b, c) != stone_other(m->color))
 366                         continue;
 367                 group_t g = group_at(b, c);
 368                 if (!g || board_group_info(b, g).libs != 2)
 369                         continue;
 370
 371                 /* Can atari! */
 372                 f->id = FEAT_ATARI; f->payload = 0;
 373
 374                 if (PS_PF(ATARI, LADDER)) {
 375                         /* Opponent will escape by the other lib. */
 376                         coord_t lib = board_group_other_lib(b, g, m->coord);
 377                         /* TODO: is_ladder() is too conservative in some
 378                          * very obvious situations, look at complete.gtp. */
 379                         f->payload |= is_ladder(b, lib, g) << PF_ATARI_LADDER;
 380                 }
 381
 382                 if (PS_PF(ATARI, KO) && !is_pass(b->ko.coord))
 383                         f->payload |= 1 << PF_ATARI_KO;
 384
 385                 (f++, p->n++);
 386         });
 387         return f;
 388 }
 389
 390 #ifndef BOARD_SPATHASH
 391 #undef BOARD_SPATHASH_MAXD
 392 #define BOARD_SPATHASH_MAXD 1
 393 #endif
 394
 395 /* Match spatial features that are too distant to be pre-matched
 396  * incrementally. */
 397 struct feature *
 398 pattern_match_spatial_outer(struct pattern_config *pc, pattern_spec ps,
 399                             struct pattern *p, struct feature *f,
 400                             struct board *b, struct move *m, hash_t h)
 401 {
 402         /* We record all spatial patterns black-to-play; simply
 403          * reverse all colors if we are white-to-play. */
 404         static enum stone bt_black[4] = { S_NONE, S_BLACK, S_WHITE, S_OFFBOARD };
 405         static enum stone bt_white[4] = { S_NONE, S_WHITE, S_BLACK, S_OFFBOARD };
 406         enum stone (*bt)[4] = m->color == S_WHITE ? &bt_white : &bt_black;
 407
 408         for (int d = BOARD_SPATHASH_MAXD + 1; d <= pc->spat_max; d++) {
 409                 /* Recompute missing outer circles:
 410                  * Go through all points in given distance. */
 411                 for (int j = ptind[d]; j < ptind[d + 1]; j++) {
 412                         ptcoords_at(x, y, m->coord, b, j);
 413                         h ^= pthashes[0][j][(*bt)[board_atxy(b, x, y)]];
 414                 }
 415                 if (d < pc->spat_min)
 416                         continue;
 417                 /* Record spatial feature, one per distance. */
 418                 unsigned int sid = spatial_dict_get(pc->spat_dict, d, h & spatial_hash_mask);
 419                 if (sid > 0) {
 420                         f->id = FEAT_SPATIAL;
 421                         f->payload = sid;
 422                         if (!pc->spat_largest)
 423                                 (f++, p->n++);
 424                 } /* else not found, ignore */
 425         }
 426         return f;
 427 }
 428
 429 struct feature *
 430 pattern_match_spatial(struct pattern_config *pc, pattern_spec ps,
 431                       struct pattern *p, struct feature *f,
 432                       struct board *b, struct move *m)
 433 {
 434         /* XXX: This is partially duplicated from spatial_from_board(), but
 435          * we build a hash instead of spatial record. */
 436
 437         assert(pc->spat_min > 0);
 438         f->id = -1;
 439
 440         hash_t h = pthashes[0][0][S_NONE];
 441 #ifdef BOARD_SPATHASH
 442         bool w_to_play = m->color == S_WHITE;
 443         for (int d = 2; d <= BOARD_SPATHASH_MAXD; d++) {
 444                 /* Reuse all incrementally matched data. */
 445                 h ^= b->spathash[m->coord][d - 1][w_to_play];
 446                 if (d < pc->spat_min)
 447                         continue;
 448                 /* Record spatial feature, one per distance. */
 449                 unsigned int sid = spatial_dict_get(pc->spat_dict, d, h & spatial_hash_mask);
 450                 if (sid > 0) {
 451                         f->id = FEAT_SPATIAL;
 452                         f->payload = sid;
 453                         if (!pc->spat_largest)
 454                                 (f++, p->n++);
 455                 } /* else not found, ignore */
 456         }
 457 #else
 458         assert(BOARD_SPATHASH_MAXD < 2);
 459 #endif
 460         if (unlikely(pc->spat_max > BOARD_SPATHASH_MAXD))
 461                 f = pattern_match_spatial_outer(pc, ps, p, f, b, m, h);
 462         if (pc->spat_largest && f->id == FEAT_SPATIAL)
 463                 (f++, p->n++);
 464         return f;
 465 }
 466
 467
 468 void
 469 pattern_match(struct pattern_config *pc, pattern_spec ps,
 470               struct pattern *p, struct board *b, struct move *m)
 471 {
 472         p->n = 0;
 473         struct feature *f = &p->f[0];
 474
 475         /* TODO: We should match pretty much all of these features
 476          * incrementally. */
 477
 478         if (PS_ANY(CAPTURE)) {
 479                 f = pattern_match_capture(pc, ps, p, f, b, m);
 480         }
 481
 482         if (PS_ANY(AESCAPE)) {
 483                 f = pattern_match_aescape(pc, ps, p, f, b, m);
 484         }
 485
 486         if (PS_ANY(SELFATARI)) {
 487                 bool simple = false;
 488                 if (PS_PF(SELFATARI, STUPID)) {
 489 #ifdef BOARD_TRAITS
 490                         if (!b->precise_selfatari)
 491                                 simple = !trait_at(b, m->coord, m->color).safe;
 492                         else
 493 #endif
 494                         simple = !board_safe_to_play(b, m->coord, m->color);
 495                 }
 496                 bool thorough = false;
 497                 if (PS_PF(SELFATARI, SMART)) {
 498 #ifdef BOARD_TRAITS
 499                         if (b->precise_selfatari)
 500                                 thorough = !trait_at(b, m->coord, m->color).safe;
 501                         else
 502 #endif
 503                         thorough = is_bad_selfatari(b, m->color, m->coord);
 504                 }
 505                 if (simple || thorough) {
 506                         f->id = FEAT_SELFATARI;
 507                         f->payload = simple << PF_SELFATARI_STUPID;
 508                         f->payload |= thorough << PF_SELFATARI_SMART;
 509                         (f++, p->n++);
 510                 }
 511         }
 512
 513         if (PS_ANY(ATARI)) {
 514                 f = pattern_match_atari(pc, ps, p, f, b, m);
 515         }
 516
 517         if (PS_ANY(BORDER)) {
 518                 int bdist = coord_edge_distance(m->coord, b);
 519                 if (bdist <= pc->bdist_max) {
 520                         f->id = FEAT_BORDER;
 521                         f->payload = bdist;
 522                         (f++, p->n++);
 523                 }
 524         }
 525
 526         if (PS_ANY(CONTIGUITY) && !is_pass(b->last_move.coord)
 527             && coord_is_8adjecent(m->coord, b->last_move.coord, b)) {
 528                 f->id = FEAT_CONTIGUITY;
 529                 f->payload = 1;
 530                 (f++, p->n++);
 531         }
 532
 533         if (PS_ANY(SPATIAL) && pc->spat_max > 0 && pc->spat_dict) {
 534                 f = pattern_match_spatial(pc, ps, p, f, b, m);
 535         }
 536 }
 537
 538 char *
 539 pattern2str(char *str, struct pattern *p)
 540 {
 541         str = stpcpy(str, "(");
 542         for (int i = 0; i < p->n; i++) {
 543                 if (i > 0) str = stpcpy(str, " ");
 544                 str = feature2str(str, &p->f[i]);
 545         }
 546         str = stpcpy(str, ")");
 547         return str;
 548 }
 549
 550 char *
 551 str2pattern(char *str, struct pattern *p)
 552 {
 553         p->n = 0;
 554         while (isspace(*str)) str++;
 555         if (*str++ != '(') {
 556                 fprintf(stderr, "invalid patternspec: %s\n", str);
 557                 exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 558         }
 559
 560         while (*str != ')') {
 561                 str = str2feature(str, &p->f[p->n++]);
 562         }
 563
 564         str++;
 565         return str;
 566 }