org.texi: fix tiny typo.
[org-mode.git] / lisp / org-id.el
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1 ;;; org-id.el --- Global identifiers for Org-mode entries
2 ;;
3 ;; Copyright (C) 2008-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 ;;
5 ;; Author: Carsten Dominik <carsten at orgmode dot org>
6 ;; Keywords: outlines, hypermedia, calendar, wp
7 ;; Homepage: http://orgmode.org
8 ;;
9 ;; This file is part of GNU Emacs.
11 ;; GNU Emacs is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
12 ;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
13 ;; the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
14 ;; (at your option) any later version.
16 ;; GNU Emacs is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
17 ;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
18 ;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
19 ;; GNU General Public License for more details.
21 ;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
22 ;; along with GNU Emacs. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
23 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
25 ;;; Commentary:
27 ;; This file implements globally unique identifiers for Org-mode entries.
28 ;; Identifiers are stored in the entry as an :ID: property. Functions
29 ;; are provided that create and retrieve such identifiers, and that find
30 ;; entries based on the identifier.
32 ;; Identifiers consist of a prefix (default "Org" given by the variable
33 ;; `org-id-prefix') and a unique part that can be created by a number
34 ;; of different methods, see the variable `org-id-method'.
35 ;; Org has a builtin method that uses a compact encoding of the creation
36 ;; time of the ID, with microsecond accuracy. This virtually
37 ;; guarantees globally unique identifiers, even if several people are
38 ;; creating IDs at the same time in files that will eventually be used
39 ;; together.
41 ;; By default Org uses UUIDs as global unique identifiers.
43 ;; This file defines the following API:
45 ;; org-id-get-create
46 ;; Create an ID for the entry at point if it does not yet have one.
47 ;; Returns the ID (old or new). This function can be used
48 ;; interactively, with prefix argument the creation of a new ID is
49 ;; forced, even if there was an old one.
51 ;; org-id-get
52 ;; Get the ID property of an entry. Using appropriate arguments
53 ;; to the function, it can also create the ID for this entry.
55 ;; org-id-goto
56 ;; Command to go to a specific ID, this command can be used
57 ;; interactively.
59 ;; org-id-get-with-outline-path-completion
60 ;; Retrieve the ID of an entry, using outline path completion.
61 ;; This function can work for multiple files.
63 ;; org-id-get-with-outline-drilling
64 ;; Retrieve the ID of an entry, using outline path completion.
65 ;; This function only works for the current file.
67 ;; org-id-find
68 ;; Find the location of an entry with specific id.
71 ;;; Code:
73 (require 'org)
75 (declare-function message-make-fqdn "message" ())
76 (declare-function org-pop-to-buffer-same-window
77 "org-compat" (&optional buffer-or-name norecord label))
79 ;;; Customization
81 (defgroup org-id nil
82 "Options concerning global entry identifiers in Org-mode."
83 :tag "Org ID"
84 :group 'org)
86 (defcustom org-id-uuid-program "uuidgen"
87 "The uuidgen program."
88 :group 'org-id
89 :type 'string)
91 (defcustom org-id-method 'uuid
92 "The method that should be used to create new IDs.
94 An ID will consist of the optional prefix specified in `org-id-prefix',
95 and a unique part created by the method this variable specifies.
97 Allowed values are:
99 org Org's own internal method, using an encoding of the current time to
100 microsecond accuracy, and optionally the current domain of the
101 computer. See the variable `org-id-include-domain'.
103 uuid Create random (version 4) UUIDs. If the program defined in
104 `org-id-uuid-program' is available it is used to create the ID.
105 Otherwise an internal functions is used."
106 :group 'org-id
107 :type '(choice
108 (const :tag "Org's internal method" org)
109 (const :tag "external: uuidgen" uuid)))
111 (defcustom org-id-prefix nil
112 "The prefix for IDs.
114 This may be a string, or it can be nil to indicate that no prefix is required.
115 When a string, the string should have no space characters as IDs are expected
116 to have no space characters in them."
117 :group 'org-id
118 :type '(choice
119 (const :tag "No prefix")
120 (string :tag "Prefix")))
122 (defcustom org-id-include-domain nil
123 "Non-nil means add the domain name to new IDs.
124 This ensures global uniqueness of IDs, and is also suggested by
125 RFC 2445 in combination with RFC 822. This is only relevant if
126 `org-id-method' is `org'. When uuidgen is used, the domain will never
127 be added.
128 The default is to not use this because we have no really good way to get
129 the true domain, and Org entries will normally not be shared with enough
130 people to make this necessary."
131 :group 'org-id
132 :type 'boolean)
134 (defcustom org-id-track-globally t
135 "Non-nil means track IDs through files, so that links work globally.
136 This work by maintaining a hash table for IDs and writing this table
137 to disk when exiting Emacs. Because of this, it works best if you use
138 a single Emacs process, not many.
140 When nil, IDs are not tracked. Links to IDs will still work within
141 a buffer, but not if the entry is located in another file.
142 IDs can still be used if the entry with the id is in the same file as
143 the link."
144 :group 'org-id
145 :type 'boolean)
147 (defcustom org-id-locations-file (convert-standard-filename
148 "~/.emacs.d/.org-id-locations")
149 "The file for remembering in which file an ID was defined.
150 This variable is only relevant when `org-id-track-globally' is set."
151 :group 'org-id
152 :type 'file)
154 (defvar org-id-locations nil
155 "List of files with IDs in those files.")
157 (defvar org-id-files nil
158 "List of files that contain IDs.")
160 (defcustom org-id-extra-files 'org-agenda-text-search-extra-files
161 "Files to be searched for IDs, besides the agenda files.
162 When Org reparses files to remake the list of files and IDs it is tracking,
163 it will normally scan the agenda files, the archives related to agenda files,
164 any files that are listed as ID containing in the current register, and
165 any Org-mode files currently visited by Emacs.
166 You can list additional files here.
167 This variable is only relevant when `org-id-track-globally' is set."
168 :group 'org-id
169 :type
170 '(choice
171 (symbol :tag "Variable")
172 (repeat :tag "List of files"
173 (file))))
175 (defcustom org-id-search-archives t
176 "Non-nil means search also the archive files of agenda files for entries.
177 This is a possibility to reduce overhead, but it means that entries moved
178 to the archives can no longer be found by ID.
179 This variable is only relevant when `org-id-track-globally' is set."
180 :group 'org-id
181 :type 'boolean)
183 ;;; The API functions
185 ;;;###autoload
186 (defun org-id-get-create (&optional force)
187 "Create an ID for the current entry and return it.
188 If the entry already has an ID, just return it.
189 With optional argument FORCE, force the creation of a new ID."
190 (interactive "P")
191 (when force
192 (org-entry-put (point) "ID" nil))
193 (org-id-get (point) 'create))
195 ;;;###autoload
196 (defun org-id-copy ()
197 "Copy the ID of the entry at point to the kill ring.
198 Create an ID if necessary."
199 (interactive)
200 (org-kill-new (org-id-get nil 'create)))
202 ;;;###autoload
203 (defun org-id-get (&optional pom create prefix)
204 "Get the ID property of the entry at point-or-marker POM.
205 If POM is nil, refer to the entry at point.
206 If the entry does not have an ID, the function returns nil.
207 However, when CREATE is non nil, create an ID if none is present already.
208 PREFIX will be passed through to `org-id-new'.
209 In any case, the ID of the entry is returned."
210 (org-with-point-at pom
211 (let ((id (org-entry-get nil "ID")))
212 (cond
213 ((and id (stringp id) (string-match "\\S-" id))
215 (create
216 (setq id (org-id-new prefix))
217 (org-entry-put pom "ID" id)
218 (org-id-add-location id (buffer-file-name (buffer-base-buffer)))
220 (t nil)))))
222 ;;;###autoload
223 (defun org-id-get-with-outline-path-completion (&optional targets)
224 "Use outline-path-completion to retrieve the ID of an entry.
225 TARGETS may be a setting for `org-refile-targets' to define the eligible
226 headlines. When omitted, all headlines in all agenda files are
227 eligible.
228 It returns the ID of the entry. If necessary, the ID is created."
229 (let* ((org-refile-targets (or targets '((nil . (:maxlevel . 10)))))
230 (org-refile-use-outline-path
231 (if (caar org-refile-targets) 'file t))
232 (org-refile-target-verify-function nil)
233 (spos (org-refile-get-location "Entry"))
234 (pom (and spos (move-marker (make-marker) (nth 3 spos)
235 (get-file-buffer (nth 1 spos))))))
236 (prog1 (org-id-get pom 'create)
237 (move-marker pom nil))))
239 ;;;###autoload
240 (defun org-id-get-with-outline-drilling (&optional targets)
241 "Use an outline-cycling interface to retrieve the ID of an entry.
242 This only finds entries in the current buffer, using `org-get-location'.
243 It returns the ID of the entry. If necessary, the ID is created."
244 (let* ((spos (org-get-location (current-buffer) org-goto-help))
245 (pom (and spos (move-marker (make-marker) (car spos)))))
246 (prog1 (org-id-get pom 'create)
247 (move-marker pom nil))))
249 ;;;###autoload
250 (defun org-id-goto (id)
251 "Switch to the buffer containing the entry with id ID.
252 Move the cursor to that entry in that buffer."
253 (interactive "sID: ")
254 (let ((m (org-id-find id 'marker)))
255 (unless m
256 (error "Cannot find entry with ID \"%s\"" id))
257 (org-pop-to-buffer-same-window (marker-buffer m))
258 (goto-char m)
259 (move-marker m nil)
260 (org-show-context)))
262 ;;;###autoload
263 (defun org-id-find (id &optional markerp)
264 "Return the location of the entry with the id ID.
265 The return value is a cons cell (file-name . position), or nil
266 if there is no entry with that ID.
267 With optional argument MARKERP, return the position as a new marker."
268 (cond
269 ((symbolp id) (setq id (symbol-name id)))
270 ((numberp id) (setq id (number-to-string id))))
271 (let ((file (org-id-find-id-file id))
272 org-agenda-new-buffers where)
273 (when file
274 (setq where (org-id-find-id-in-file id file markerp)))
275 (unless where
276 (org-id-update-id-locations)
277 (setq file (org-id-find-id-file id))
278 (when file
279 (setq where (org-id-find-id-in-file id file markerp))))
280 where))
282 ;;; Internal functions
284 ;; Creating new IDs
286 (defun org-id-new (&optional prefix)
287 "Create a new globally unique ID.
289 An ID consists of two parts separated by a colon:
290 - a prefix
291 - a unique part that will be created according to `org-id-method'.
293 PREFIX can specify the prefix, the default is given by the variable
294 `org-id-prefix'. However, if PREFIX is the symbol `none', don't use any
295 prefix even if `org-id-prefix' specifies one.
297 So a typical ID could look like \"Org:4nd91V40HI\"."
298 (let* ((prefix (if (eq prefix 'none)
300 (concat (or prefix org-id-prefix) ":")))
301 unique)
302 (if (equal prefix ":") (setq prefix ""))
303 (cond
304 ((memq org-id-method '(uuidgen uuid))
305 (setq unique (org-trim (shell-command-to-string org-id-uuid-program)))
306 (unless (org-uuidgen-p unique)
307 (setq unique (org-id-uuid))))
308 ((eq org-id-method 'org)
309 (let* ((etime (org-id-reverse-string (org-id-time-to-b36)))
310 (postfix (if org-id-include-domain
311 (progn
312 (require 'message)
313 (concat "@" (message-make-fqdn))))))
314 (setq unique (concat etime postfix))))
315 (t (error "Invalid `org-id-method'")))
316 (concat prefix unique)))
318 (defun org-id-uuid ()
319 "Return string with random (version 4) UUID."
320 (let ((rnd (md5 (format "%s%s%s%s%s%s%s"
321 (random t)
322 (current-time)
323 (user-uid)
324 (emacs-pid)
325 (user-full-name)
326 user-mail-address
327 (recent-keys)))))
328 (format "%s-%s-4%s-%s%s-%s"
329 (substring rnd 0 8)
330 (substring rnd 8 12)
331 (substring rnd 13 16)
332 (format "%x"
333 (logior
334 #b10000000
335 (logand
336 #b10111111
337 (string-to-number
338 (substring rnd 16 18) 16))))
339 (substring rnd 18 20)
340 (substring rnd 20 32))))
342 (defun org-id-reverse-string (s)
343 (mapconcat 'char-to-string (nreverse (string-to-list s)) ""))
345 (defun org-id-int-to-b36-one-digit (i)
346 "Turn an integer between 0 and 61 into a single character 0..9, A..Z, a..z."
347 (cond
348 ((< i 10) (+ ?0 i))
349 ((< i 36) (+ ?a i -10))
350 (t (error "Larger that 35"))))
352 (defun org-id-b36-to-int-one-digit (i)
353 "Turn a character 0..9, A..Z, a..z into a number 0..61.
354 The input I may be a character, or a single-letter string."
355 (and (stringp i) (setq i (string-to-char i)))
356 (cond
357 ((and (>= i ?0) (<= i ?9)) (- i ?0))
358 ((and (>= i ?a) (<= i ?z)) (+ (- i ?a) 10))
359 (t (error "Invalid b36 letter"))))
361 (defun org-id-int-to-b36 (i &optional length)
362 "Convert an integer to a base-36 number represented as a string."
363 (let ((s ""))
364 (while (> i 0)
365 (setq s (concat (char-to-string
366 (org-id-int-to-b36-one-digit (mod i 36))) s)
367 i (/ i 36)))
368 (setq length (max 1 (or length 1)))
369 (if (< (length s) length)
370 (setq s (concat (make-string (- length (length s)) ?0) s)))
373 (defun org-id-b36-to-int (s)
374 "Convert a base-36 string into the corresponding integer."
375 (let ((r 0))
376 (mapc (lambda (i) (setq r (+ (* r 36) (org-id-b36-to-int-one-digit i))))
380 (defun org-id-time-to-b36 (&optional time)
381 "Encode TIME as a 10-digit string.
382 This string holds the time to micro-second accuracy, and can be decoded
383 using `org-id-decode'."
384 (setq time (or time (current-time)))
385 (concat (org-id-int-to-b36 (nth 0 time) 4)
386 (org-id-int-to-b36 (nth 1 time) 4)
387 (org-id-int-to-b36 (or (nth 2 time) 0) 4)))
389 (defun org-id-decode (id)
390 "Split ID into the prefix and the time value that was used to create it.
391 The return value is (prefix . time) where PREFIX is nil or a string,
392 and time is the usual three-integer representation of time."
393 (let (prefix time parts)
394 (setq parts (org-split-string id ":"))
395 (if (= 2 (length parts))
396 (setq prefix (car parts) time (nth 1 parts))
397 (setq prefix nil time (nth 0 parts)))
398 (setq time (org-id-reverse-string time))
399 (setq time (list (org-id-b36-to-int (substring time 0 4))
400 (org-id-b36-to-int (substring time 4 8))
401 (org-id-b36-to-int (substring time 8 12))))
402 (cons prefix time)))
404 ;; Storing ID locations (files)
406 (defun org-id-update-id-locations (&optional files)
407 "Scan relevant files for IDs.
408 Store the relation between files and corresponding IDs.
409 This will scan all agenda files, all associated archives, and all
410 files currently mentioned in `org-id-locations'.
411 When FILES is given, scan these files instead.
412 When CHECK is given, prepare detailed information about duplicate IDs."
413 (interactive)
414 (if (not org-id-track-globally)
415 (error "Please turn on `org-id-track-globally' if you want to track IDs")
416 (let* ((org-id-search-archives
417 (or org-id-search-archives
418 (and (symbolp org-id-extra-files)
419 (symbol-value org-id-extra-files)
420 (member 'agenda-archives org-id-extra-files))))
421 (files
422 (or files
423 (append
424 ;; Agenda files and all associated archives
425 (org-agenda-files t org-id-search-archives)
426 ;; Explicit extra files
427 (if (symbolp org-id-extra-files)
428 (symbol-value org-id-extra-files)
429 org-id-extra-files)
430 ;; Files associated with live org-mode buffers
431 (delq nil
432 (mapcar (lambda (b)
433 (with-current-buffer b
434 (and (eq major-mode 'org-mode) (buffer-file-name))))
435 (buffer-list)))
436 ;; All files known to have IDs
437 org-id-files)))
438 org-agenda-new-buffers
439 file nfiles tfile ids reg found id seen (ndup 0))
440 (when (member 'agenda-archives files)
441 (setq files (delq 'agenda-archives (copy-sequence files))))
442 (setq nfiles (length files))
443 (while (setq file (pop files))
444 (message "Finding ID locations (%d/%d files): %s"
445 (- nfiles (length files)) nfiles file)
446 (setq tfile (file-truename file))
447 (when (and (file-exists-p file) (not (member tfile seen)))
448 (push tfile seen)
449 (setq ids nil)
450 (with-current-buffer (org-get-agenda-file-buffer file)
451 (save-excursion
452 (save-restriction
453 (widen)
454 (goto-char (point-min))
455 (while (re-search-forward "^[ \t]*:ID:[ \t]+\\(\\S-+\\)[ \t]*$"
456 nil t)
457 (setq id (org-match-string-no-properties 1))
458 (if (member id found)
459 (progn
460 (message "Duplicate ID \"%s\", also in file %s"
461 id (or (car (delq
463 (mapcar
464 (lambda (x)
465 (if (member id (cdr x))
466 (car x)))
467 reg)))
468 (buffer-file-name)))
469 (when (= ndup 0)
470 (ding)
471 (sit-for 2))
472 (setq ndup (1+ ndup)))
473 (push id found)
474 (push id ids)))
475 (push (cons (abbreviate-file-name file) ids) reg))))))
476 (org-release-buffers org-agenda-new-buffers)
477 (setq org-agenda-new-buffers nil)
478 (setq org-id-locations reg)
479 (setq org-id-files (mapcar 'car org-id-locations))
480 (org-id-locations-save) ;; this function can also handle the alist form
481 ;; now convert to a hash
482 (setq org-id-locations (org-id-alist-to-hash org-id-locations))
483 (if (> ndup 0)
484 (message "WARNING: %d duplicate IDs found, check *Messages* buffer" ndup)
485 (message "%d unique files scanned for IDs" (length org-id-files)))
486 org-id-locations)))
488 (defun org-id-locations-save ()
489 "Save `org-id-locations' in `org-id-locations-file'."
490 (when (and org-id-track-globally org-id-locations)
491 (let ((out (if (hash-table-p org-id-locations)
492 (org-id-hash-to-alist org-id-locations)
493 org-id-locations)))
494 (with-temp-file org-id-locations-file
495 (print out (current-buffer))))))
497 (defun org-id-locations-load ()
498 "Read the data from `org-id-locations-file'."
499 (setq org-id-locations nil)
500 (when org-id-track-globally
501 (with-temp-buffer
502 (condition-case nil
503 (progn
504 (insert-file-contents-literally org-id-locations-file)
505 (goto-char (point-min))
506 (setq org-id-locations (read (current-buffer))))
507 (error
508 (message "Could not read org-id-values from %s. Setting it to nil."
509 org-id-locations-file))))
510 (setq org-id-files (mapcar 'car org-id-locations))
511 (setq org-id-locations (org-id-alist-to-hash org-id-locations))))
513 (defun org-id-add-location (id file)
514 "Add the ID with location FILE to the database of ID locations."
515 ;; Only if global tracking is on, and when the buffer has a file
516 (when (and org-id-track-globally id file)
517 (unless org-id-locations (org-id-locations-load))
518 (puthash id (abbreviate-file-name file) org-id-locations)
519 (add-to-list 'org-id-files (abbreviate-file-name file))))
521 (unless noninteractive
522 (add-hook 'kill-emacs-hook 'org-id-locations-save))
524 (defun org-id-hash-to-alist (hash)
525 "Turn an org-id hash into an alist, so that it can be written to a file."
526 (let (res x)
527 (maphash
528 (lambda (k v)
529 (if (setq x (member v res))
530 (setcdr x (cons k (cdr x)))
531 (push (list v k) res)))
532 hash)
533 res))
535 (defun org-id-alist-to-hash (list)
536 "Turn an org-id location list into a hash table."
537 (let ((res (make-hash-table
538 :test 'equal
539 :size (apply '+ (mapcar 'length list))))
541 (mapc
542 (lambda (x)
543 (setq f (car x))
544 (mapc (lambda (i) (puthash i f res)) (cdr x)))
545 list)
546 res))
548 (defun org-id-paste-tracker (txt &optional buffer-or-file)
549 "Update any IDs in TXT and assign BUFFER-OR-FILE to them."
550 (when org-id-track-globally
551 (save-match-data
552 (setq buffer-or-file (or buffer-or-file (current-buffer)))
553 (when (bufferp buffer-or-file)
554 (setq buffer-or-file (or (buffer-base-buffer buffer-or-file)
555 buffer-or-file))
556 (setq buffer-or-file (buffer-file-name buffer-or-file)))
557 (when buffer-or-file
558 (let ((fname (abbreviate-file-name buffer-or-file))
559 (s 0))
560 (while (string-match "^[ \t]*:ID:[ \t]+\\([^ \t\n\r]+\\)" txt s)
561 (setq s (match-end 0))
562 (org-id-add-location (match-string 1 txt) fname)))))))
564 ;; Finding entries with specified id
566 ;;;###autoload
567 (defun org-id-find-id-file (id)
568 "Query the id database for the file in which this ID is located."
569 (unless org-id-locations (org-id-locations-load))
570 (or (and org-id-locations
571 (hash-table-p org-id-locations)
572 (gethash id org-id-locations))
573 ;; ball back on current buffer
574 (buffer-file-name (or (buffer-base-buffer (current-buffer))
575 (current-buffer)))))
577 (defun org-id-find-id-in-file (id file &optional markerp)
578 "Return the position of the entry ID in FILE.
579 If that files does not exist, or if it does not contain this ID,
580 return nil.
581 The position is returned as a cons cell (file-name . position). With
582 optional argument MARKERP, return the position as a new marker."
583 (let (org-agenda-new-buffers buf pos)
584 (cond
585 ((not file) nil)
586 ((not (file-exists-p file)) nil)
587 (t (with-current-buffer (setq buf (org-get-agenda-file-buffer file))
588 (setq pos (org-find-entry-with-id id))
589 (when pos
590 (if markerp
591 (move-marker (make-marker) pos buf)
592 (cons file pos))))))))
594 ;; id link type
596 ;; Calling the following function is hard-coded into `org-store-link',
597 ;; so we do have to add it to `org-store-link-functions'.
599 ;;;###autoload
600 (defun org-id-store-link ()
601 "Store a link to the current entry, using its ID."
602 (interactive)
603 (when (and (buffer-file-name (buffer-base-buffer)) (eq major-mode 'org-mode))
604 (let* ((link (org-make-link "id:" (org-id-get-create)))
605 (case-fold-search nil)
606 (desc (save-excursion
607 (org-back-to-heading t)
608 (or (and (looking-at org-complex-heading-regexp)
609 (if (match-end 4)
610 (match-string 4)
611 (match-string 0)))
612 link))))
613 (org-store-link-props :link link :description desc :type "id")
614 link)))
616 (defun org-id-open (id)
617 "Go to the entry with id ID."
618 (org-mark-ring-push)
619 (let ((m (org-id-find id 'marker))
620 cmd)
621 (unless m
622 (error "Cannot find entry with ID \"%s\"" id))
623 ;; Use a buffer-switching command in analogy to finding files
624 (setq cmd
626 (cdr
627 (assq
628 (cdr (assq 'file org-link-frame-setup))
629 '((find-file . switch-to-buffer)
630 (find-file-other-window . switch-to-buffer-other-window)
631 (find-file-other-frame . switch-to-buffer-other-frame))))
632 'switch-to-buffer-other-window))
633 (if (not (equal (current-buffer) (marker-buffer m)))
634 (funcall cmd (marker-buffer m)))
635 (goto-char m)
636 (move-marker m nil)
637 (org-show-context)))
639 (org-add-link-type "id" 'org-id-open)
641 (provide 'org-id)
643 ;;; org-id.el ends here