4 The configuration database is a collection of configuration options
5 organized in a tree structure:
7 +- Code maturity level options
8 | +- Prompt for development and/or incomplete code/drivers
10 | +- Networking support
12 | +- BSD Process Accounting
14 +- Loadable module support
15 | +- Enable loadable module support
16 | +- Set version information on all module symbols
17 | +- Kernel module loader
20 Every entry has its own dependencies. These dependencies are used
21 to determine the visibility of an entry. Any child entry is only
22 visible if its parent entry is also visible.
27 Most entries define a config option; all other entries help to organize
28 them. A single configuration option is defined like this:
31 bool "Set version information on all module symbols"
34 Usually, modules have to be recompiled whenever you switch to a new
37 Every line starts with a key word and can be followed by multiple
38 arguments. "config" starts a new config entry. The following lines
39 define attributes for this config option. Attributes can be the type of
40 the config option, input prompt, dependencies, help text and default
41 values. A config option can be defined multiple times with the same
42 name, but every definition can have only a single input prompt and the
43 type must not conflict.
48 A menu entry can have a number of attributes. Not all of them are
49 applicable everywhere (see syntax).
51 - type definition: "bool"/"tristate"/"string"/"hex"/"int"
52 Every config option must have a type. There are only two basic types:
53 tristate and string; the other types are based on these two. The type
54 definition optionally accepts an input prompt, so these two examples
57 bool "Networking support"
60 prompt "Networking support"
62 - input prompt: "prompt" <prompt> ["if" <expr>]
63 Every menu entry can have at most one prompt, which is used to display
64 to the user. Optionally dependencies only for this prompt can be added
67 - default value: "default" <expr> ["if" <expr>]
68 A config option can have any number of default values. If multiple
69 default values are visible, only the first defined one is active.
70 Default values are not limited to the menu entry where they are
71 defined. This means the default can be defined somewhere else or be
72 overridden by an earlier definition.
73 The default value is only assigned to the config symbol if no other
74 value was set by the user (via the input prompt above). If an input
75 prompt is visible the default value is presented to the user and can
77 Optionally, dependencies only for this default value can be added with
80 - type definition + default value:
81 "def_bool"/"def_tristate" <expr> ["if" <expr>]
82 This is a shorthand notation for a type definition plus a value.
83 Optionally dependencies for this default value can be added with "if".
85 - dependencies: "depends on" <expr>
86 This defines a dependency for this menu entry. If multiple
87 dependencies are defined, they are connected with '&&'. Dependencies
88 are applied to all other options within this menu entry (which also
89 accept an "if" expression), so these two examples are equivalent:
98 - reverse dependencies: "select" <symbol> [<expr>] ["if" <expr>]
99 While normal dependencies reduce the upper limit of a symbol (see
100 below), reverse dependencies can be used to force a lower limit of
101 another symbol. The value of the current menu symbol is used as the
102 minimal value <symbol> can be set to. If <symbol> is selected multiple
103 times, the limit is set to the largest selection.
104 Reverse dependencies without the optional <expr> can only be used with
105 boolean or tristate symbols. If the optional <expr> is supplied,
106 the <symbol> will be set to that value if possible.
108 select should be used with care. select will force
109 a symbol to a value without visiting the dependencies.
110 By abusing select you are able to select a symbol FOO even
111 if FOO depends on BAR that is not set.
112 In general use select only for non-visible symbols
113 (no prompts anywhere) and for symbols with no dependencies.
114 That will limit the usefulness but on the other hand avoid
115 the illegal configurations all over.
116 kconfig should one day warn about such things.
118 - numerical ranges: "range" <symbol> <symbol> ["if" <expr>]
119 This allows to limit the range of possible input values for int
120 and hex symbols. The user can only input a value which is larger than
121 or equal to the first symbol and smaller than or equal to the second
124 - help text: "help" or "---help---"
125 This defines a help text. The end of the help text is determined by
126 the indentation level, this means it ends at the first line which has
127 a smaller indentation than the first line of the help text.
128 "---help---" and "help" do not differ in behaviour, "---help---" is
129 used to help visually separate configuration logic from help within
130 the file as an aid to developers.
132 - misc options: "option" <symbol>[=<value>]
133 Various less common options can be defined via this option syntax,
134 which can modify the behaviour of the menu entry and its config
135 symbol. These options are currently possible:
138 This declares a list of default entries which can be used when
139 looking for the default configuration (which is used when the main
140 .config doesn't exists yet.)
143 This declares the symbol to be used as the MODULES symbol, which
144 enables the third modular state for all config symbols.
147 This imports the environment variable into Kconfig. It behaves like
148 a default, except that the value comes from the environment, this
149 also means that the behaviour when mixing it with normal defaults is
150 undefined at this point. The symbol is currently not exported back
151 to the build environment (if this is desired, it can be done via
157 Dependencies define the visibility of a menu entry and can also reduce
158 the input range of tristate symbols. The tristate logic used in the
159 expressions uses one more state than normal boolean logic to express the
160 module state. Dependency expressions have the following syntax:
162 <expr> ::= <symbol> (1)
163 <symbol> '=' <symbol> (2)
164 <symbol> '!=' <symbol> (3)
167 <expr> '&&' <expr> (6)
168 <expr> '||' <expr> (7)
170 Expressions are listed in decreasing order of precedence.
172 (1) Convert the symbol into an expression. Boolean and tristate symbols
173 are simply converted into the respective expression values. All
174 other symbol types result in 'n'.
175 (2) If the values of both symbols are equal, it returns 'y',
177 (3) If the values of both symbols are equal, it returns 'n',
179 (4) Returns the value of the expression. Used to override precedence.
180 (5) Returns the result of (2-/expr/).
181 (6) Returns the result of min(/expr/, /expr/).
182 (7) Returns the result of max(/expr/, /expr/).
184 An expression can have a value of 'n', 'm' or 'y' (or 0, 1, 2
185 respectively for calculations). A menu entry becomes visible when it's
186 expression evaluates to 'm' or 'y'.
188 There are two types of symbols: constant and non-constant symbols.
189 Non-constant symbols are the most common ones and are defined with the
190 'config' statement. Non-constant symbols consist entirely of alphanumeric
191 characters or underscores.
192 Constant symbols are only part of expressions. Constant symbols are
193 always surrounded by single or double quotes. Within the quote, any
194 other character is allowed and the quotes can be escaped using '\'.
199 The position of a menu entry in the tree is determined in two ways. First
200 it can be specified explicitly:
202 menu "Network device support"
210 All entries within the "menu" ... "endmenu" block become a submenu of
211 "Network device support". All subentries inherit the dependencies from
212 the menu entry, e.g. this means the dependency "NET" is added to the
213 dependency list of the config option NETDEVICES.
215 The other way to generate the menu structure is done by analyzing the
216 dependencies. If a menu entry somehow depends on the previous entry, it
217 can be made a submenu of it. First, the previous (parent) symbol must
218 be part of the dependency list and then one of these two conditions
220 - the child entry must become invisible, if the parent is set to 'n'
221 - the child entry must only be visible, if the parent is visible
224 bool "Enable loadable module support"
227 bool "Set version information on all module symbols"
230 comment "module support disabled"
233 MODVERSIONS directly depends on MODULES, this means it's only visible if
234 MODULES is different from 'n'. The comment on the other hand is always
235 visible when MODULES is visible (the (empty) dependency of MODULES is
236 also part of the comment dependencies).
242 The configuration file describes a series of menu entries, where every
243 line starts with a keyword (except help texts). The following keywords
252 The first five also start the definition of a menu entry.
259 This defines a config symbol <symbol> and accepts any of above
260 attributes as options.
263 "menuconfig" <symbol>
266 This is similar to the simple config entry above, but it also gives a
267 hint to front ends, that all suboptions should be displayed as a
268 separate list of options.
277 This defines a choice group and accepts any of the above attributes as
278 options. A choice can only be of type bool or tristate, while a boolean
279 choice only allows a single config entry to be selected, a tristate
280 choice also allows any number of config entries to be set to 'm'. This
281 can be used if multiple drivers for a single hardware exists and only a
282 single driver can be compiled/loaded into the kernel, but all drivers
283 can be compiled as modules.
284 A choice accepts another option "optional", which allows to set the
285 choice to 'n' and no entry needs to be selected.
292 This defines a comment which is displayed to the user during the
293 configuration process and is also echoed to the output files. The only
294 possible options are dependencies.
303 This defines a menu block, see "Menu structure" above for more
304 information. The only possible options are dependencies.
312 This defines an if block. The dependency expression <expr> is appended
313 to all enclosed menu entries.
319 This reads the specified configuration file. This file is always parsed.
325 This sets the config program's title bar if the config program chooses
331 This is a collection of Kconfig tips, most of which aren't obvious at
332 first glance and most of which have become idioms in several Kconfig
335 Adding common features and make the usage configurable
336 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
337 It is a common idiom to implement a feature/functionality that are
338 relevant for some architectures but not all.
339 The recommended way to do so is to use a config variable named HAVE_*
340 that is defined in a common Kconfig file and selected by the relevant
342 An example is the generic IOMAP functionality.
344 We would in lib/Kconfig see:
346 # Generic IOMAP is used to ...
347 config HAVE_GENERIC_IOMAP
350 depends on HAVE_GENERIC_IOMAP && FOO
352 And in lib/Makefile we would see:
353 obj-$(CONFIG_GENERIC_IOMAP) += iomap.o
355 For each architecture using the generic IOMAP functionality we would see:
359 select HAVE_GENERIC_IOMAP
362 Note: we use the existing config option and avoid creating a new
363 config variable to select HAVE_GENERIC_IOMAP.
365 Note: the use of the internal config variable HAVE_GENERIC_IOMAP, it is
366 introduced to overcome the limitation of select which will force a
367 config option to 'y' no matter the dependencies.
368 The dependencies are moved to the symbol GENERIC_IOMAP and we avoid the
369 situation where select forces a symbol equals to 'y'.
373 To restrict a component build to module-only, qualify its config symbol
374 with "depends on m". E.g.:
379 limits FOO to module (=m) or disabled (=n).