1 /* Handle initialization things in C++.
2 Copyright (C) 1987, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998,
3 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010
4 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 Contributed by Michael Tiemann (tiemann@cygnus.com)
7 This file is part of GCC.
9 GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
10 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
11 the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
14 GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
15 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
16 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
17 GNU General Public License for more details.
19 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
20 along with GCC; see the file COPYING3. If not see
21 <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
23 /* High-level class interface. */
27 #include "coretypes.h"
35 static bool begin_init_stmts (tree
*, tree
*);
36 static tree
finish_init_stmts (bool, tree
, tree
);
37 static void construct_virtual_base (tree
, tree
);
38 static void expand_aggr_init_1 (tree
, tree
, tree
, tree
, int, tsubst_flags_t
);
39 static void expand_default_init (tree
, tree
, tree
, tree
, int, tsubst_flags_t
);
40 static tree
build_vec_delete_1 (tree
, tree
, tree
, special_function_kind
, int);
41 static void perform_member_init (tree
, tree
);
42 static tree
build_builtin_delete_call (tree
);
43 static int member_init_ok_or_else (tree
, tree
, tree
);
44 static void expand_virtual_init (tree
, tree
);
45 static tree
sort_mem_initializers (tree
, tree
);
46 static tree
initializing_context (tree
);
47 static void expand_cleanup_for_base (tree
, tree
);
48 static tree
get_temp_regvar (tree
, tree
);
49 static tree
dfs_initialize_vtbl_ptrs (tree
, void *);
50 static tree
build_dtor_call (tree
, special_function_kind
, int);
51 static tree
build_field_list (tree
, tree
, int *);
52 static tree
build_vtbl_address (tree
);
53 static int diagnose_uninitialized_cst_or_ref_member_1 (tree
, tree
, bool, bool);
55 /* We are about to generate some complex initialization code.
56 Conceptually, it is all a single expression. However, we may want
57 to include conditionals, loops, and other such statement-level
58 constructs. Therefore, we build the initialization code inside a
59 statement-expression. This function starts such an expression.
60 STMT_EXPR_P and COMPOUND_STMT_P are filled in by this function;
61 pass them back to finish_init_stmts when the expression is
65 begin_init_stmts (tree
*stmt_expr_p
, tree
*compound_stmt_p
)
67 bool is_global
= !building_stmt_tree ();
69 *stmt_expr_p
= begin_stmt_expr ();
70 *compound_stmt_p
= begin_compound_stmt (BCS_NO_SCOPE
);
75 /* Finish out the statement-expression begun by the previous call to
76 begin_init_stmts. Returns the statement-expression itself. */
79 finish_init_stmts (bool is_global
, tree stmt_expr
, tree compound_stmt
)
81 finish_compound_stmt (compound_stmt
);
83 stmt_expr
= finish_stmt_expr (stmt_expr
, true);
85 gcc_assert (!building_stmt_tree () == is_global
);
92 /* Called from initialize_vtbl_ptrs via dfs_walk. BINFO is the base
93 which we want to initialize the vtable pointer for, DATA is
94 TREE_LIST whose TREE_VALUE is the this ptr expression. */
97 dfs_initialize_vtbl_ptrs (tree binfo
, void *data
)
99 if (!TYPE_CONTAINS_VPTR_P (BINFO_TYPE (binfo
)))
100 return dfs_skip_bases
;
102 if (!BINFO_PRIMARY_P (binfo
) || BINFO_VIRTUAL_P (binfo
))
104 tree base_ptr
= TREE_VALUE ((tree
) data
);
106 base_ptr
= build_base_path (PLUS_EXPR
, base_ptr
, binfo
, /*nonnull=*/1);
108 expand_virtual_init (binfo
, base_ptr
);
114 /* Initialize all the vtable pointers in the object pointed to by
118 initialize_vtbl_ptrs (tree addr
)
123 type
= TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (addr
));
124 list
= build_tree_list (type
, addr
);
126 /* Walk through the hierarchy, initializing the vptr in each base
127 class. We do these in pre-order because we can't find the virtual
128 bases for a class until we've initialized the vtbl for that
130 dfs_walk_once (TYPE_BINFO (type
), dfs_initialize_vtbl_ptrs
, NULL
, list
);
133 /* Return an expression for the zero-initialization of an object with
134 type T. This expression will either be a constant (in the case
135 that T is a scalar), or a CONSTRUCTOR (in the case that T is an
136 aggregate), or NULL (in the case that T does not require
137 initialization). In either case, the value can be used as
138 DECL_INITIAL for a decl of the indicated TYPE; it is a valid static
139 initializer. If NELTS is non-NULL, and TYPE is an ARRAY_TYPE, NELTS
140 is the number of elements in the array. If STATIC_STORAGE_P is
141 TRUE, initializers are only generated for entities for which
142 zero-initialization does not simply mean filling the storage with
146 build_zero_init (tree type
, tree nelts
, bool static_storage_p
)
148 tree init
= NULL_TREE
;
152 To zero-initialize an object of type T means:
154 -- if T is a scalar type, the storage is set to the value of zero
157 -- if T is a non-union class type, the storage for each nonstatic
158 data member and each base-class subobject is zero-initialized.
160 -- if T is a union type, the storage for its first data member is
163 -- if T is an array type, the storage for each element is
166 -- if T is a reference type, no initialization is performed. */
168 gcc_assert (nelts
== NULL_TREE
|| TREE_CODE (nelts
) == INTEGER_CST
);
170 if (type
== error_mark_node
)
172 else if (static_storage_p
&& zero_init_p (type
))
173 /* In order to save space, we do not explicitly build initializers
174 for items that do not need them. GCC's semantics are that
175 items with static storage duration that are not otherwise
176 initialized are initialized to zero. */
178 else if (SCALAR_TYPE_P (type
))
179 init
= convert (type
, integer_zero_node
);
180 else if (CLASS_TYPE_P (type
))
183 VEC(constructor_elt
,gc
) *v
= NULL
;
185 /* Iterate over the fields, building initializations. */
186 for (field
= TYPE_FIELDS (type
); field
; field
= DECL_CHAIN (field
))
188 if (TREE_CODE (field
) != FIELD_DECL
)
191 /* Note that for class types there will be FIELD_DECLs
192 corresponding to base classes as well. Thus, iterating
193 over TYPE_FIELDs will result in correct initialization of
194 all of the subobjects. */
195 if (!static_storage_p
|| !zero_init_p (TREE_TYPE (field
)))
197 tree value
= build_zero_init (TREE_TYPE (field
),
201 CONSTRUCTOR_APPEND_ELT(v
, field
, value
);
204 /* For unions, only the first field is initialized. */
205 if (TREE_CODE (type
) == UNION_TYPE
)
209 /* Build a constructor to contain the initializations. */
210 init
= build_constructor (type
, v
);
212 else if (TREE_CODE (type
) == ARRAY_TYPE
)
215 VEC(constructor_elt
,gc
) *v
= NULL
;
217 /* Iterate over the array elements, building initializations. */
219 max_index
= fold_build2_loc (input_location
,
220 MINUS_EXPR
, TREE_TYPE (nelts
),
221 nelts
, integer_one_node
);
223 max_index
= array_type_nelts (type
);
225 /* If we have an error_mark here, we should just return error mark
226 as we don't know the size of the array yet. */
227 if (max_index
== error_mark_node
)
228 return error_mark_node
;
229 gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (max_index
) == INTEGER_CST
);
231 /* A zero-sized array, which is accepted as an extension, will
232 have an upper bound of -1. */
233 if (!tree_int_cst_equal (max_index
, integer_minus_one_node
))
237 v
= VEC_alloc (constructor_elt
, gc
, 1);
238 ce
= VEC_quick_push (constructor_elt
, v
, NULL
);
240 /* If this is a one element array, we just use a regular init. */
241 if (tree_int_cst_equal (size_zero_node
, max_index
))
242 ce
->index
= size_zero_node
;
244 ce
->index
= build2 (RANGE_EXPR
, sizetype
, size_zero_node
,
247 ce
->value
= build_zero_init (TREE_TYPE (type
),
252 /* Build a constructor to contain the initializations. */
253 init
= build_constructor (type
, v
);
255 else if (TREE_CODE (type
) == VECTOR_TYPE
)
256 init
= build_zero_cst (type
);
258 gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (type
) == REFERENCE_TYPE
);
260 /* In all cases, the initializer is a constant. */
262 TREE_CONSTANT (init
) = 1;
267 /* Return a suitable initializer for value-initializing an object of type
268 TYPE, as described in [dcl.init]. */
271 build_value_init (tree type
, tsubst_flags_t complain
)
275 To value-initialize an object of type T means:
277 - if T is a class type (clause 9) with a user-provided constructor
278 (12.1), then the default constructor for T is called (and the
279 initialization is ill-formed if T has no accessible default
282 - if T is a non-union class type without a user-provided constructor,
283 then every non-static data member and base-class component of T is
284 value-initialized;92)
286 - if T is an array type, then each element is value-initialized;
288 - otherwise, the object is zero-initialized.
290 A program that calls for default-initialization or
291 value-initialization of an entity of reference type is ill-formed.
293 92) Value-initialization for such a class object may be implemented by
294 zero-initializing the object and then calling the default
297 /* The AGGR_INIT_EXPR tweaking below breaks in templates. */
298 gcc_assert (!processing_template_decl
);
300 if (CLASS_TYPE_P (type
))
302 if (type_has_user_provided_constructor (type
))
303 return build_aggr_init_expr
305 build_special_member_call (NULL_TREE
, complete_ctor_identifier
,
306 NULL
, type
, LOOKUP_NORMAL
,
308 else if (TREE_CODE (type
) != UNION_TYPE
&& TYPE_NEEDS_CONSTRUCTING (type
))
310 /* This is a class that needs constructing, but doesn't have
311 a user-provided constructor. So we need to zero-initialize
312 the object and then call the implicitly defined ctor.
313 This will be handled in simplify_aggr_init_expr. */
314 tree ctor
= build_special_member_call
315 (NULL_TREE
, complete_ctor_identifier
,
316 NULL
, type
, LOOKUP_NORMAL
, complain
);
317 if (ctor
!= error_mark_node
)
319 ctor
= build_aggr_init_expr (type
, ctor
);
320 AGGR_INIT_ZERO_FIRST (ctor
) = 1;
325 return build_value_init_noctor (type
, complain
);
328 /* Like build_value_init, but don't call the constructor for TYPE. Used
329 for base initializers. */
332 build_value_init_noctor (tree type
, tsubst_flags_t complain
)
334 if (CLASS_TYPE_P (type
))
336 gcc_assert (!TYPE_NEEDS_CONSTRUCTING (type
));
338 if (TREE_CODE (type
) != UNION_TYPE
)
341 VEC(constructor_elt
,gc
) *v
= NULL
;
343 /* Iterate over the fields, building initializations. */
344 for (field
= TYPE_FIELDS (type
); field
; field
= DECL_CHAIN (field
))
348 if (TREE_CODE (field
) != FIELD_DECL
)
351 ftype
= TREE_TYPE (field
);
353 if (TREE_CODE (ftype
) == REFERENCE_TYPE
)
355 if (complain
& tf_error
)
356 error ("value-initialization of reference");
358 return error_mark_node
;
361 /* We could skip vfields and fields of types with
362 user-defined constructors, but I think that won't improve
363 performance at all; it should be simpler in general just
364 to zero out the entire object than try to only zero the
365 bits that actually need it. */
367 /* Note that for class types there will be FIELD_DECLs
368 corresponding to base classes as well. Thus, iterating
369 over TYPE_FIELDs will result in correct initialization of
370 all of the subobjects. */
371 value
= build_value_init (ftype
, complain
);
374 CONSTRUCTOR_APPEND_ELT(v
, field
, value
);
377 /* Build a constructor to contain the zero- initializations. */
378 return build_constructor (type
, v
);
381 else if (TREE_CODE (type
) == ARRAY_TYPE
)
383 VEC(constructor_elt
,gc
) *v
= NULL
;
385 /* Iterate over the array elements, building initializations. */
386 tree max_index
= array_type_nelts (type
);
388 /* If we have an error_mark here, we should just return error mark
389 as we don't know the size of the array yet. */
390 if (max_index
== error_mark_node
)
392 error ("cannot value-initialize array of unknown bound %qT", type
);
393 return error_mark_node
;
395 gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (max_index
) == INTEGER_CST
);
397 /* A zero-sized array, which is accepted as an extension, will
398 have an upper bound of -1. */
399 if (!tree_int_cst_equal (max_index
, integer_minus_one_node
))
403 v
= VEC_alloc (constructor_elt
, gc
, 1);
404 ce
= VEC_quick_push (constructor_elt
, v
, NULL
);
406 /* If this is a one element array, we just use a regular init. */
407 if (tree_int_cst_equal (size_zero_node
, max_index
))
408 ce
->index
= size_zero_node
;
410 ce
->index
= build2 (RANGE_EXPR
, sizetype
, size_zero_node
,
413 ce
->value
= build_value_init (TREE_TYPE (type
), complain
);
415 /* The gimplifier can't deal with a RANGE_EXPR of TARGET_EXPRs. */
416 gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (ce
->value
) != TARGET_EXPR
417 && TREE_CODE (ce
->value
) != AGGR_INIT_EXPR
);
420 /* Build a constructor to contain the initializations. */
421 return build_constructor (type
, v
);
424 return build_zero_init (type
, NULL_TREE
, /*static_storage_p=*/false);
427 /* Initialize MEMBER, a FIELD_DECL, with INIT, a TREE_LIST of
428 arguments. If TREE_LIST is void_type_node, an empty initializer
429 list was given; if NULL_TREE no initializer was given. */
432 perform_member_init (tree member
, tree init
)
435 tree type
= TREE_TYPE (member
);
437 /* Effective C++ rule 12 requires that all data members be
439 if (warn_ecpp
&& init
== NULL_TREE
&& TREE_CODE (type
) != ARRAY_TYPE
)
440 warning_at (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (current_function_decl
), OPT_Weffc__
,
441 "%qD should be initialized in the member initialization list",
444 /* Get an lvalue for the data member. */
445 decl
= build_class_member_access_expr (current_class_ref
, member
,
446 /*access_path=*/NULL_TREE
,
447 /*preserve_reference=*/true,
448 tf_warning_or_error
);
449 if (decl
== error_mark_node
)
452 if (init
== void_type_node
)
454 /* mem() means value-initialization. */
455 if (TREE_CODE (type
) == ARRAY_TYPE
)
457 init
= build_vec_init_expr (type
, init
);
458 init
= build2 (INIT_EXPR
, type
, decl
, init
);
459 finish_expr_stmt (init
);
463 if (TREE_CODE (type
) == REFERENCE_TYPE
)
464 permerror (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (current_function_decl
),
465 "value-initialization of %q#D, which has reference type",
469 init
= build2 (INIT_EXPR
, type
, decl
,
470 build_value_init (type
, tf_warning_or_error
));
471 finish_expr_stmt (init
);
475 /* Deal with this here, as we will get confused if we try to call the
476 assignment op for an anonymous union. This can happen in a
477 synthesized copy constructor. */
478 else if (ANON_AGGR_TYPE_P (type
))
482 init
= build2 (INIT_EXPR
, type
, decl
, TREE_VALUE (init
));
483 finish_expr_stmt (init
);
486 else if (TYPE_NEEDS_CONSTRUCTING (type
))
488 if (TREE_CODE (type
) == ARRAY_TYPE
)
492 gcc_assert (TREE_CHAIN (init
) == NULL_TREE
);
493 init
= TREE_VALUE (init
);
495 if (init
== NULL_TREE
496 || same_type_ignoring_top_level_qualifiers_p (type
,
499 init
= build_vec_init_expr (type
, init
);
500 init
= build2 (INIT_EXPR
, type
, decl
, init
);
501 finish_expr_stmt (init
);
504 error ("invalid initializer for array member %q#D", member
);
508 int flags
= LOOKUP_NORMAL
;
509 if (DECL_DEFAULTED_FN (current_function_decl
))
510 flags
|= LOOKUP_DEFAULTED
;
511 if (CP_TYPE_CONST_P (type
)
513 && !type_has_user_provided_default_constructor (type
))
514 /* TYPE_NEEDS_CONSTRUCTING can be set just because we have a
515 vtable; still give this diagnostic. */
516 permerror (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (current_function_decl
),
517 "uninitialized member %qD with %<const%> type %qT",
519 finish_expr_stmt (build_aggr_init (decl
, init
, flags
,
520 tf_warning_or_error
));
525 if (init
== NULL_TREE
)
528 /* member traversal: note it leaves init NULL */
529 if (TREE_CODE (type
) == REFERENCE_TYPE
)
530 permerror (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (current_function_decl
),
531 "uninitialized reference member %qD",
533 else if (CP_TYPE_CONST_P (type
))
534 permerror (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (current_function_decl
),
535 "uninitialized member %qD with %<const%> type %qT",
538 if (DECL_DECLARED_CONSTEXPR_P (current_function_decl
)
539 && !type_has_constexpr_default_constructor (type
))
541 if (!DECL_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATION (current_function_decl
))
542 error ("uninitialized member %qD in %<constexpr%> constructor",
544 DECL_DECLARED_CONSTEXPR_P (current_function_decl
) = false;
547 core_type
= strip_array_types (type
);
548 if (CLASS_TYPE_P (core_type
)
549 && (CLASSTYPE_READONLY_FIELDS_NEED_INIT (core_type
)
550 || CLASSTYPE_REF_FIELDS_NEED_INIT (core_type
)))
551 diagnose_uninitialized_cst_or_ref_member (core_type
,
555 else if (TREE_CODE (init
) == TREE_LIST
)
556 /* There was an explicit member initialization. Do some work
558 init
= build_x_compound_expr_from_list (init
, ELK_MEM_INIT
,
559 tf_warning_or_error
);
562 finish_expr_stmt (cp_build_modify_expr (decl
, INIT_EXPR
, init
,
563 tf_warning_or_error
));
566 if (TYPE_HAS_NONTRIVIAL_DESTRUCTOR (type
))
570 expr
= build_class_member_access_expr (current_class_ref
, member
,
571 /*access_path=*/NULL_TREE
,
572 /*preserve_reference=*/false,
573 tf_warning_or_error
);
574 expr
= build_delete (type
, expr
, sfk_complete_destructor
,
575 LOOKUP_NONVIRTUAL
|LOOKUP_DESTRUCTOR
, 0);
577 if (expr
!= error_mark_node
)
578 finish_eh_cleanup (expr
);
582 /* Returns a TREE_LIST containing (as the TREE_PURPOSE of each node) all
583 the FIELD_DECLs on the TYPE_FIELDS list for T, in reverse order. */
586 build_field_list (tree t
, tree list
, int *uses_unions_p
)
592 /* Note whether or not T is a union. */
593 if (TREE_CODE (t
) == UNION_TYPE
)
596 for (fields
= TYPE_FIELDS (t
); fields
; fields
= DECL_CHAIN (fields
))
600 /* Skip CONST_DECLs for enumeration constants and so forth. */
601 if (TREE_CODE (fields
) != FIELD_DECL
|| DECL_ARTIFICIAL (fields
))
604 fieldtype
= TREE_TYPE (fields
);
605 /* Keep track of whether or not any fields are unions. */
606 if (TREE_CODE (fieldtype
) == UNION_TYPE
)
609 /* For an anonymous struct or union, we must recursively
610 consider the fields of the anonymous type. They can be
611 directly initialized from the constructor. */
612 if (ANON_AGGR_TYPE_P (fieldtype
))
614 /* Add this field itself. Synthesized copy constructors
615 initialize the entire aggregate. */
616 list
= tree_cons (fields
, NULL_TREE
, list
);
617 /* And now add the fields in the anonymous aggregate. */
618 list
= build_field_list (fieldtype
, list
, uses_unions_p
);
620 /* Add this field. */
621 else if (DECL_NAME (fields
))
622 list
= tree_cons (fields
, NULL_TREE
, list
);
628 /* The MEM_INITS are a TREE_LIST. The TREE_PURPOSE of each list gives
629 a FIELD_DECL or BINFO in T that needs initialization. The
630 TREE_VALUE gives the initializer, or list of initializer arguments.
632 Return a TREE_LIST containing all of the initializations required
633 for T, in the order in which they should be performed. The output
634 list has the same format as the input. */
637 sort_mem_initializers (tree t
, tree mem_inits
)
640 tree base
, binfo
, base_binfo
;
643 VEC(tree
,gc
) *vbases
;
647 /* Build up a list of initializations. The TREE_PURPOSE of entry
648 will be the subobject (a FIELD_DECL or BINFO) to initialize. The
649 TREE_VALUE will be the constructor arguments, or NULL if no
650 explicit initialization was provided. */
651 sorted_inits
= NULL_TREE
;
653 /* Process the virtual bases. */
654 for (vbases
= CLASSTYPE_VBASECLASSES (t
), i
= 0;
655 VEC_iterate (tree
, vbases
, i
, base
); i
++)
656 sorted_inits
= tree_cons (base
, NULL_TREE
, sorted_inits
);
658 /* Process the direct bases. */
659 for (binfo
= TYPE_BINFO (t
), i
= 0;
660 BINFO_BASE_ITERATE (binfo
, i
, base_binfo
); ++i
)
661 if (!BINFO_VIRTUAL_P (base_binfo
))
662 sorted_inits
= tree_cons (base_binfo
, NULL_TREE
, sorted_inits
);
664 /* Process the non-static data members. */
665 sorted_inits
= build_field_list (t
, sorted_inits
, &uses_unions_p
);
666 /* Reverse the entire list of initializations, so that they are in
667 the order that they will actually be performed. */
668 sorted_inits
= nreverse (sorted_inits
);
670 /* If the user presented the initializers in an order different from
671 that in which they will actually occur, we issue a warning. Keep
672 track of the next subobject which can be explicitly initialized
673 without issuing a warning. */
674 next_subobject
= sorted_inits
;
676 /* Go through the explicit initializers, filling in TREE_PURPOSE in
678 for (init
= mem_inits
; init
; init
= TREE_CHAIN (init
))
683 subobject
= TREE_PURPOSE (init
);
685 /* If the explicit initializers are in sorted order, then
686 SUBOBJECT will be NEXT_SUBOBJECT, or something following
688 for (subobject_init
= next_subobject
;
690 subobject_init
= TREE_CHAIN (subobject_init
))
691 if (TREE_PURPOSE (subobject_init
) == subobject
)
694 /* Issue a warning if the explicit initializer order does not
695 match that which will actually occur.
696 ??? Are all these on the correct lines? */
697 if (warn_reorder
&& !subobject_init
)
699 if (TREE_CODE (TREE_PURPOSE (next_subobject
)) == FIELD_DECL
)
700 warning (OPT_Wreorder
, "%q+D will be initialized after",
701 TREE_PURPOSE (next_subobject
));
703 warning (OPT_Wreorder
, "base %qT will be initialized after",
704 TREE_PURPOSE (next_subobject
));
705 if (TREE_CODE (subobject
) == FIELD_DECL
)
706 warning (OPT_Wreorder
, " %q+#D", subobject
);
708 warning (OPT_Wreorder
, " base %qT", subobject
);
709 warning_at (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (current_function_decl
),
710 OPT_Wreorder
, " when initialized here");
713 /* Look again, from the beginning of the list. */
716 subobject_init
= sorted_inits
;
717 while (TREE_PURPOSE (subobject_init
) != subobject
)
718 subobject_init
= TREE_CHAIN (subobject_init
);
721 /* It is invalid to initialize the same subobject more than
723 if (TREE_VALUE (subobject_init
))
725 if (TREE_CODE (subobject
) == FIELD_DECL
)
726 error_at (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (current_function_decl
),
727 "multiple initializations given for %qD",
730 error_at (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (current_function_decl
),
731 "multiple initializations given for base %qT",
735 /* Record the initialization. */
736 TREE_VALUE (subobject_init
) = TREE_VALUE (init
);
737 next_subobject
= subobject_init
;
742 If a ctor-initializer specifies more than one mem-initializer for
743 multiple members of the same union (including members of
744 anonymous unions), the ctor-initializer is ill-formed.
746 Here we also splice out uninitialized union members. */
749 tree last_field
= NULL_TREE
;
751 for (p
= &sorted_inits
; *p
; )
759 field
= TREE_PURPOSE (init
);
761 /* Skip base classes. */
762 if (TREE_CODE (field
) != FIELD_DECL
)
765 /* If this is an anonymous union with no explicit initializer,
767 if (!TREE_VALUE (init
) && ANON_UNION_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (field
)))
770 /* See if this field is a member of a union, or a member of a
771 structure contained in a union, etc. */
772 for (ctx
= DECL_CONTEXT (field
);
773 !same_type_p (ctx
, t
);
774 ctx
= TYPE_CONTEXT (ctx
))
775 if (TREE_CODE (ctx
) == UNION_TYPE
)
777 /* If this field is not a member of a union, skip it. */
778 if (TREE_CODE (ctx
) != UNION_TYPE
)
781 /* If this union member has no explicit initializer, splice
783 if (!TREE_VALUE (init
))
786 /* It's only an error if we have two initializers for the same
794 /* See if LAST_FIELD and the field initialized by INIT are
795 members of the same union. If so, there's a problem,
796 unless they're actually members of the same structure
797 which is itself a member of a union. For example, given:
799 union { struct { int i; int j; }; };
801 initializing both `i' and `j' makes sense. */
802 ctx
= DECL_CONTEXT (field
);
808 last_ctx
= DECL_CONTEXT (last_field
);
811 if (same_type_p (last_ctx
, ctx
))
813 if (TREE_CODE (ctx
) == UNION_TYPE
)
814 error_at (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (current_function_decl
),
815 "initializations for multiple members of %qT",
821 if (same_type_p (last_ctx
, t
))
824 last_ctx
= TYPE_CONTEXT (last_ctx
);
827 /* If we've reached the outermost class, then we're
829 if (same_type_p (ctx
, t
))
832 ctx
= TYPE_CONTEXT (ctx
);
839 p
= &TREE_CHAIN (*p
);
842 *p
= TREE_CHAIN (*p
);
850 /* Initialize all bases and members of CURRENT_CLASS_TYPE. MEM_INITS
851 is a TREE_LIST giving the explicit mem-initializer-list for the
852 constructor. The TREE_PURPOSE of each entry is a subobject (a
853 FIELD_DECL or a BINFO) of the CURRENT_CLASS_TYPE. The TREE_VALUE
854 is a TREE_LIST giving the arguments to the constructor or
855 void_type_node for an empty list of arguments. */
858 emit_mem_initializers (tree mem_inits
)
860 int flags
= LOOKUP_NORMAL
;
862 /* We will already have issued an error message about the fact that
863 the type is incomplete. */
864 if (!COMPLETE_TYPE_P (current_class_type
))
867 if (DECL_DEFAULTED_FN (current_function_decl
))
868 flags
|= LOOKUP_DEFAULTED
;
870 /* Sort the mem-initializers into the order in which the
871 initializations should be performed. */
872 mem_inits
= sort_mem_initializers (current_class_type
, mem_inits
);
874 in_base_initializer
= 1;
876 /* Initialize base classes. */
878 && TREE_CODE (TREE_PURPOSE (mem_inits
)) != FIELD_DECL
)
880 tree subobject
= TREE_PURPOSE (mem_inits
);
881 tree arguments
= TREE_VALUE (mem_inits
);
883 if (arguments
== NULL_TREE
)
885 /* If these initializations are taking place in a copy constructor,
886 the base class should probably be explicitly initialized if there
887 is a user-defined constructor in the base class (other than the
888 default constructor, which will be called anyway). */
890 && DECL_COPY_CONSTRUCTOR_P (current_function_decl
)
891 && type_has_user_nondefault_constructor (BINFO_TYPE (subobject
)))
892 warning_at (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (current_function_decl
),
893 OPT_Wextra
, "base class %q#T should be explicitly "
894 "initialized in the copy constructor",
895 BINFO_TYPE (subobject
));
897 if (DECL_DECLARED_CONSTEXPR_P (current_function_decl
)
898 && !(type_has_constexpr_default_constructor
899 (BINFO_TYPE (subobject
))))
901 if (!DECL_TEMPLATE_INSTANTIATION (current_function_decl
))
902 error ("uninitialized base %qT in %<constexpr%> constructor",
903 BINFO_TYPE (subobject
));
904 DECL_DECLARED_CONSTEXPR_P (current_function_decl
) = false;
908 /* Initialize the base. */
909 if (BINFO_VIRTUAL_P (subobject
))
910 construct_virtual_base (subobject
, arguments
);
915 base_addr
= build_base_path (PLUS_EXPR
, current_class_ptr
,
917 expand_aggr_init_1 (subobject
, NULL_TREE
,
918 cp_build_indirect_ref (base_addr
, RO_NULL
,
919 tf_warning_or_error
),
922 tf_warning_or_error
);
923 expand_cleanup_for_base (subobject
, NULL_TREE
);
926 mem_inits
= TREE_CHAIN (mem_inits
);
928 in_base_initializer
= 0;
930 /* Initialize the vptrs. */
931 initialize_vtbl_ptrs (current_class_ptr
);
933 /* Initialize the data members. */
936 perform_member_init (TREE_PURPOSE (mem_inits
),
937 TREE_VALUE (mem_inits
));
938 mem_inits
= TREE_CHAIN (mem_inits
);
942 /* Returns the address of the vtable (i.e., the value that should be
943 assigned to the vptr) for BINFO. */
946 build_vtbl_address (tree binfo
)
948 tree binfo_for
= binfo
;
951 if (BINFO_VPTR_INDEX (binfo
) && BINFO_VIRTUAL_P (binfo
))
952 /* If this is a virtual primary base, then the vtable we want to store
953 is that for the base this is being used as the primary base of. We
954 can't simply skip the initialization, because we may be expanding the
955 inits of a subobject constructor where the virtual base layout
957 while (BINFO_PRIMARY_P (binfo_for
))
958 binfo_for
= BINFO_INHERITANCE_CHAIN (binfo_for
);
960 /* Figure out what vtable BINFO's vtable is based on, and mark it as
962 vtbl
= get_vtbl_decl_for_binfo (binfo_for
);
963 TREE_USED (vtbl
) = 1;
965 /* Now compute the address to use when initializing the vptr. */
966 vtbl
= unshare_expr (BINFO_VTABLE (binfo_for
));
967 if (TREE_CODE (vtbl
) == VAR_DECL
)
968 vtbl
= build1 (ADDR_EXPR
, build_pointer_type (TREE_TYPE (vtbl
)), vtbl
);
973 /* This code sets up the virtual function tables appropriate for
974 the pointer DECL. It is a one-ply initialization.
976 BINFO is the exact type that DECL is supposed to be. In
977 multiple inheritance, this might mean "C's A" if C : A, B. */
980 expand_virtual_init (tree binfo
, tree decl
)
985 /* Compute the initializer for vptr. */
986 vtbl
= build_vtbl_address (binfo
);
988 /* We may get this vptr from a VTT, if this is a subobject
989 constructor or subobject destructor. */
990 vtt_index
= BINFO_VPTR_INDEX (binfo
);
996 /* Compute the value to use, when there's a VTT. */
997 vtt_parm
= current_vtt_parm
;
998 vtbl2
= build2 (POINTER_PLUS_EXPR
,
999 TREE_TYPE (vtt_parm
),
1002 vtbl2
= cp_build_indirect_ref (vtbl2
, RO_NULL
, tf_warning_or_error
);
1003 vtbl2
= convert (TREE_TYPE (vtbl
), vtbl2
);
1005 /* The actual initializer is the VTT value only in the subobject
1006 constructor. In maybe_clone_body we'll substitute NULL for
1007 the vtt_parm in the case of the non-subobject constructor. */
1008 vtbl
= build3 (COND_EXPR
,
1010 build2 (EQ_EXPR
, boolean_type_node
,
1011 current_in_charge_parm
, integer_zero_node
),
1016 /* Compute the location of the vtpr. */
1017 vtbl_ptr
= build_vfield_ref (cp_build_indirect_ref (decl
, RO_NULL
,
1018 tf_warning_or_error
),
1020 gcc_assert (vtbl_ptr
!= error_mark_node
);
1022 /* Assign the vtable to the vptr. */
1023 vtbl
= convert_force (TREE_TYPE (vtbl_ptr
), vtbl
, 0);
1024 finish_expr_stmt (cp_build_modify_expr (vtbl_ptr
, NOP_EXPR
, vtbl
,
1025 tf_warning_or_error
));
1028 /* If an exception is thrown in a constructor, those base classes already
1029 constructed must be destroyed. This function creates the cleanup
1030 for BINFO, which has just been constructed. If FLAG is non-NULL,
1031 it is a DECL which is nonzero when this base needs to be
1035 expand_cleanup_for_base (tree binfo
, tree flag
)
1039 if (TYPE_HAS_TRIVIAL_DESTRUCTOR (BINFO_TYPE (binfo
)))
1042 /* Call the destructor. */
1043 expr
= build_special_member_call (current_class_ref
,
1044 base_dtor_identifier
,
1047 LOOKUP_NORMAL
| LOOKUP_NONVIRTUAL
,
1048 tf_warning_or_error
);
1050 expr
= fold_build3_loc (input_location
,
1051 COND_EXPR
, void_type_node
,
1052 c_common_truthvalue_conversion (input_location
, flag
),
1053 expr
, integer_zero_node
);
1055 finish_eh_cleanup (expr
);
1058 /* Construct the virtual base-class VBASE passing the ARGUMENTS to its
1062 construct_virtual_base (tree vbase
, tree arguments
)
1068 /* If there are virtual base classes with destructors, we need to
1069 emit cleanups to destroy them if an exception is thrown during
1070 the construction process. These exception regions (i.e., the
1071 period during which the cleanups must occur) begin from the time
1072 the construction is complete to the end of the function. If we
1073 create a conditional block in which to initialize the
1074 base-classes, then the cleanup region for the virtual base begins
1075 inside a block, and ends outside of that block. This situation
1076 confuses the sjlj exception-handling code. Therefore, we do not
1077 create a single conditional block, but one for each
1078 initialization. (That way the cleanup regions always begin
1079 in the outer block.) We trust the back end to figure out
1080 that the FLAG will not change across initializations, and
1081 avoid doing multiple tests. */
1082 flag
= DECL_CHAIN (DECL_ARGUMENTS (current_function_decl
));
1083 inner_if_stmt
= begin_if_stmt ();
1084 finish_if_stmt_cond (flag
, inner_if_stmt
);
1086 /* Compute the location of the virtual base. If we're
1087 constructing virtual bases, then we must be the most derived
1088 class. Therefore, we don't have to look up the virtual base;
1089 we already know where it is. */
1090 exp
= convert_to_base_statically (current_class_ref
, vbase
);
1092 expand_aggr_init_1 (vbase
, current_class_ref
, exp
, arguments
,
1093 LOOKUP_COMPLAIN
, tf_warning_or_error
);
1094 finish_then_clause (inner_if_stmt
);
1095 finish_if_stmt (inner_if_stmt
);
1097 expand_cleanup_for_base (vbase
, flag
);
1100 /* Find the context in which this FIELD can be initialized. */
1103 initializing_context (tree field
)
1105 tree t
= DECL_CONTEXT (field
);
1107 /* Anonymous union members can be initialized in the first enclosing
1108 non-anonymous union context. */
1109 while (t
&& ANON_AGGR_TYPE_P (t
))
1110 t
= TYPE_CONTEXT (t
);
1114 /* Function to give error message if member initialization specification
1115 is erroneous. FIELD is the member we decided to initialize.
1116 TYPE is the type for which the initialization is being performed.
1117 FIELD must be a member of TYPE.
1119 MEMBER_NAME is the name of the member. */
1122 member_init_ok_or_else (tree field
, tree type
, tree member_name
)
1124 if (field
== error_mark_node
)
1128 error ("class %qT does not have any field named %qD", type
,
1132 if (TREE_CODE (field
) == VAR_DECL
)
1134 error ("%q#D is a static data member; it can only be "
1135 "initialized at its definition",
1139 if (TREE_CODE (field
) != FIELD_DECL
)
1141 error ("%q#D is not a non-static data member of %qT",
1145 if (initializing_context (field
) != type
)
1147 error ("class %qT does not have any field named %qD", type
,
1155 /* NAME is a FIELD_DECL, an IDENTIFIER_NODE which names a field, or it
1156 is a _TYPE node or TYPE_DECL which names a base for that type.
1157 Check the validity of NAME, and return either the base _TYPE, base
1158 binfo, or the FIELD_DECL of the member. If NAME is invalid, return
1159 NULL_TREE and issue a diagnostic.
1161 An old style unnamed direct single base construction is permitted,
1162 where NAME is NULL. */
1165 expand_member_init (tree name
)
1170 if (!current_class_ref
)
1175 /* This is an obsolete unnamed base class initializer. The
1176 parser will already have warned about its use. */
1177 switch (BINFO_N_BASE_BINFOS (TYPE_BINFO (current_class_type
)))
1180 error ("unnamed initializer for %qT, which has no base classes",
1181 current_class_type
);
1184 basetype
= BINFO_TYPE
1185 (BINFO_BASE_BINFO (TYPE_BINFO (current_class_type
), 0));
1188 error ("unnamed initializer for %qT, which uses multiple inheritance",
1189 current_class_type
);
1193 else if (TYPE_P (name
))
1195 basetype
= TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (name
);
1196 name
= TYPE_NAME (name
);
1198 else if (TREE_CODE (name
) == TYPE_DECL
)
1199 basetype
= TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (TREE_TYPE (name
));
1201 basetype
= NULL_TREE
;
1210 if (current_template_parms
)
1213 class_binfo
= TYPE_BINFO (current_class_type
);
1214 direct_binfo
= NULL_TREE
;
1215 virtual_binfo
= NULL_TREE
;
1217 /* Look for a direct base. */
1218 for (i
= 0; BINFO_BASE_ITERATE (class_binfo
, i
, direct_binfo
); ++i
)
1219 if (SAME_BINFO_TYPE_P (BINFO_TYPE (direct_binfo
), basetype
))
1222 /* Look for a virtual base -- unless the direct base is itself
1224 if (!direct_binfo
|| !BINFO_VIRTUAL_P (direct_binfo
))
1225 virtual_binfo
= binfo_for_vbase (basetype
, current_class_type
);
1227 /* [class.base.init]
1229 If a mem-initializer-id is ambiguous because it designates
1230 both a direct non-virtual base class and an inherited virtual
1231 base class, the mem-initializer is ill-formed. */
1232 if (direct_binfo
&& virtual_binfo
)
1234 error ("%qD is both a direct base and an indirect virtual base",
1239 if (!direct_binfo
&& !virtual_binfo
)
1241 if (CLASSTYPE_VBASECLASSES (current_class_type
))
1242 error ("type %qT is not a direct or virtual base of %qT",
1243 basetype
, current_class_type
);
1245 error ("type %qT is not a direct base of %qT",
1246 basetype
, current_class_type
);
1250 return direct_binfo
? direct_binfo
: virtual_binfo
;
1254 if (TREE_CODE (name
) == IDENTIFIER_NODE
)
1255 field
= lookup_field (current_class_type
, name
, 1, false);
1259 if (member_init_ok_or_else (field
, current_class_type
, name
))
1266 /* This is like `expand_member_init', only it stores one aggregate
1269 INIT comes in two flavors: it is either a value which
1270 is to be stored in EXP, or it is a parameter list
1271 to go to a constructor, which will operate on EXP.
1272 If INIT is not a parameter list for a constructor, then set
1273 LOOKUP_ONLYCONVERTING.
1274 If FLAGS is LOOKUP_ONLYCONVERTING then it is the = init form of
1275 the initializer, if FLAGS is 0, then it is the (init) form.
1276 If `init' is a CONSTRUCTOR, then we emit a warning message,
1277 explaining that such initializations are invalid.
1279 If INIT resolves to a CALL_EXPR which happens to return
1280 something of the type we are looking for, then we know
1281 that we can safely use that call to perform the
1284 The virtual function table pointer cannot be set up here, because
1285 we do not really know its type.
1287 This never calls operator=().
1289 When initializing, nothing is CONST.
1291 A default copy constructor may have to be used to perform the
1294 A constructor or a conversion operator may have to be used to
1295 perform the initialization, but not both, as it would be ambiguous. */
1298 build_aggr_init (tree exp
, tree init
, int flags
, tsubst_flags_t complain
)
1303 tree type
= TREE_TYPE (exp
);
1304 int was_const
= TREE_READONLY (exp
);
1305 int was_volatile
= TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (exp
);
1308 if (init
== error_mark_node
)
1309 return error_mark_node
;
1311 TREE_READONLY (exp
) = 0;
1312 TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (exp
) = 0;
1314 if (init
&& TREE_CODE (init
) != TREE_LIST
1315 && !(BRACE_ENCLOSED_INITIALIZER_P (init
)
1316 && CONSTRUCTOR_IS_DIRECT_INIT (init
)))
1317 flags
|= LOOKUP_ONLYCONVERTING
;
1319 if (TREE_CODE (type
) == ARRAY_TYPE
)
1323 /* An array may not be initialized use the parenthesized
1324 initialization form -- unless the initializer is "()". */
1325 if (init
&& TREE_CODE (init
) == TREE_LIST
)
1327 if (complain
& tf_error
)
1328 error ("bad array initializer");
1329 return error_mark_node
;
1331 /* Must arrange to initialize each element of EXP
1332 from elements of INIT. */
1333 itype
= init
? TREE_TYPE (init
) : NULL_TREE
;
1334 if (cv_qualified_p (type
))
1335 TREE_TYPE (exp
) = cv_unqualified (type
);
1336 if (itype
&& cv_qualified_p (itype
))
1337 TREE_TYPE (init
) = cv_unqualified (itype
);
1338 stmt_expr
= build_vec_init (exp
, NULL_TREE
, init
,
1339 /*explicit_value_init_p=*/false,
1340 itype
&& same_type_p (TREE_TYPE (init
),
1343 TREE_READONLY (exp
) = was_const
;
1344 TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (exp
) = was_volatile
;
1345 TREE_TYPE (exp
) = type
;
1347 TREE_TYPE (init
) = itype
;
1351 if (TREE_CODE (exp
) == VAR_DECL
|| TREE_CODE (exp
) == PARM_DECL
)
1352 /* Just know that we've seen something for this node. */
1353 TREE_USED (exp
) = 1;
1355 is_global
= begin_init_stmts (&stmt_expr
, &compound_stmt
);
1356 destroy_temps
= stmts_are_full_exprs_p ();
1357 current_stmt_tree ()->stmts_are_full_exprs_p
= 0;
1358 expand_aggr_init_1 (TYPE_BINFO (type
), exp
, exp
,
1359 init
, LOOKUP_NORMAL
|flags
, complain
);
1360 stmt_expr
= finish_init_stmts (is_global
, stmt_expr
, compound_stmt
);
1361 current_stmt_tree ()->stmts_are_full_exprs_p
= destroy_temps
;
1362 TREE_READONLY (exp
) = was_const
;
1363 TREE_THIS_VOLATILE (exp
) = was_volatile
;
1369 expand_default_init (tree binfo
, tree true_exp
, tree exp
, tree init
, int flags
,
1370 tsubst_flags_t complain
)
1372 tree type
= TREE_TYPE (exp
);
1375 /* It fails because there may not be a constructor which takes
1376 its own type as the first (or only parameter), but which does
1377 take other types via a conversion. So, if the thing initializing
1378 the expression is a unit element of type X, first try X(X&),
1379 followed by initialization by X. If neither of these work
1380 out, then look hard. */
1382 VEC(tree
,gc
) *parms
;
1384 if (init
&& BRACE_ENCLOSED_INITIALIZER_P (init
)
1385 && CP_AGGREGATE_TYPE_P (type
))
1387 /* A brace-enclosed initializer for an aggregate. In C++0x this can
1388 happen for direct-initialization, too. */
1389 init
= digest_init (type
, init
);
1390 init
= build2 (INIT_EXPR
, TREE_TYPE (exp
), exp
, init
);
1391 TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (init
) = 1;
1392 finish_expr_stmt (init
);
1396 if (init
&& TREE_CODE (init
) != TREE_LIST
1397 && (flags
& LOOKUP_ONLYCONVERTING
))
1399 /* Base subobjects should only get direct-initialization. */
1400 gcc_assert (true_exp
== exp
);
1402 if (flags
& DIRECT_BIND
)
1403 /* Do nothing. We hit this in two cases: Reference initialization,
1404 where we aren't initializing a real variable, so we don't want
1405 to run a new constructor; and catching an exception, where we
1406 have already built up the constructor call so we could wrap it
1407 in an exception region. */;
1409 init
= ocp_convert (type
, init
, CONV_IMPLICIT
|CONV_FORCE_TEMP
, flags
);
1411 if (TREE_CODE (init
) == MUST_NOT_THROW_EXPR
)
1412 /* We need to protect the initialization of a catch parm with a
1413 call to terminate(), which shows up as a MUST_NOT_THROW_EXPR
1414 around the TARGET_EXPR for the copy constructor. See
1415 initialize_handler_parm. */
1417 TREE_OPERAND (init
, 0) = build2 (INIT_EXPR
, TREE_TYPE (exp
), exp
,
1418 TREE_OPERAND (init
, 0));
1419 TREE_TYPE (init
) = void_type_node
;
1422 init
= build2 (INIT_EXPR
, TREE_TYPE (exp
), exp
, init
);
1423 TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (init
) = 1;
1424 finish_expr_stmt (init
);
1428 if (init
== NULL_TREE
)
1430 else if (TREE_CODE (init
) == TREE_LIST
&& !TREE_TYPE (init
))
1432 parms
= make_tree_vector ();
1433 for (; init
!= NULL_TREE
; init
= TREE_CHAIN (init
))
1434 VEC_safe_push (tree
, gc
, parms
, TREE_VALUE (init
));
1437 parms
= make_tree_vector_single (init
);
1439 if (true_exp
== exp
)
1440 ctor_name
= complete_ctor_identifier
;
1442 ctor_name
= base_ctor_identifier
;
1444 rval
= build_special_member_call (exp
, ctor_name
, &parms
, binfo
, flags
,
1448 release_tree_vector (parms
);
1450 if (exp
== true_exp
&& TREE_CODE (rval
) == CALL_EXPR
)
1452 tree fn
= get_callee_fndecl (rval
);
1453 if (fn
&& DECL_DECLARED_CONSTEXPR_P (fn
))
1455 tree e
= maybe_constant_value (rval
);
1456 if (TREE_CONSTANT (e
))
1457 rval
= build2 (INIT_EXPR
, type
, exp
, e
);
1461 /* FIXME put back convert_to_void? */
1462 if (TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (rval
))
1463 finish_expr_stmt (rval
);
1466 /* This function is responsible for initializing EXP with INIT
1469 BINFO is the binfo of the type for who we are performing the
1470 initialization. For example, if W is a virtual base class of A and B,
1472 If we are initializing B, then W must contain B's W vtable, whereas
1473 were we initializing C, W must contain C's W vtable.
1475 TRUE_EXP is nonzero if it is the true expression being initialized.
1476 In this case, it may be EXP, or may just contain EXP. The reason we
1477 need this is because if EXP is a base element of TRUE_EXP, we
1478 don't necessarily know by looking at EXP where its virtual
1479 baseclass fields should really be pointing. But we do know
1480 from TRUE_EXP. In constructors, we don't know anything about
1481 the value being initialized.
1483 FLAGS is just passed to `build_new_method_call'. See that function
1484 for its description. */
1487 expand_aggr_init_1 (tree binfo
, tree true_exp
, tree exp
, tree init
, int flags
,
1488 tsubst_flags_t complain
)
1490 tree type
= TREE_TYPE (exp
);
1492 gcc_assert (init
!= error_mark_node
&& type
!= error_mark_node
);
1493 gcc_assert (building_stmt_tree ());
1495 /* Use a function returning the desired type to initialize EXP for us.
1496 If the function is a constructor, and its first argument is
1497 NULL_TREE, know that it was meant for us--just slide exp on
1498 in and expand the constructor. Constructors now come
1501 if (init
&& TREE_CODE (exp
) == VAR_DECL
1502 && COMPOUND_LITERAL_P (init
))
1504 /* If store_init_value returns NULL_TREE, the INIT has been
1505 recorded as the DECL_INITIAL for EXP. That means there's
1506 nothing more we have to do. */
1507 init
= store_init_value (exp
, init
, flags
);
1509 finish_expr_stmt (init
);
1513 /* If an explicit -- but empty -- initializer list was present,
1514 that's value-initialization. */
1515 if (init
== void_type_node
)
1517 /* If there's a user-provided constructor, we just call that. */
1518 if (type_has_user_provided_constructor (type
))
1519 /* Fall through. */;
1520 /* If there isn't, but we still need to call the constructor,
1521 zero out the object first. */
1522 else if (TYPE_NEEDS_CONSTRUCTING (type
))
1524 init
= build_zero_init (type
, NULL_TREE
, /*static_storage_p=*/false);
1525 init
= build2 (INIT_EXPR
, type
, exp
, init
);
1526 finish_expr_stmt (init
);
1527 /* And then call the constructor. */
1529 /* If we don't need to mess with the constructor at all,
1530 then just zero out the object and we're done. */
1533 init
= build2 (INIT_EXPR
, type
, exp
,
1534 build_value_init_noctor (type
, complain
));
1535 finish_expr_stmt (init
);
1541 /* We know that expand_default_init can handle everything we want
1543 expand_default_init (binfo
, true_exp
, exp
, init
, flags
, complain
);
1546 /* Report an error if TYPE is not a user-defined, class type. If
1547 OR_ELSE is nonzero, give an error message. */
1550 is_class_type (tree type
, int or_else
)
1552 if (type
== error_mark_node
)
1555 if (! CLASS_TYPE_P (type
))
1558 error ("%qT is not a class type", type
);
1565 get_type_value (tree name
)
1567 if (name
== error_mark_node
)
1570 if (IDENTIFIER_HAS_TYPE_VALUE (name
))
1571 return IDENTIFIER_TYPE_VALUE (name
);
1576 /* Build a reference to a member of an aggregate. This is not a C++
1577 `&', but really something which can have its address taken, and
1578 then act as a pointer to member, for example TYPE :: FIELD can have
1579 its address taken by saying & TYPE :: FIELD. ADDRESS_P is true if
1580 this expression is the operand of "&".
1582 @@ Prints out lousy diagnostics for operator <typename>
1585 @@ This function should be rewritten and placed in search.c. */
1588 build_offset_ref (tree type
, tree member
, bool address_p
)
1591 tree basebinfo
= NULL_TREE
;
1593 /* class templates can come in as TEMPLATE_DECLs here. */
1594 if (TREE_CODE (member
) == TEMPLATE_DECL
)
1597 if (dependent_scope_p (type
) || type_dependent_expression_p (member
))
1598 return build_qualified_name (NULL_TREE
, type
, member
,
1599 /*template_p=*/false);
1601 gcc_assert (TYPE_P (type
));
1602 if (! is_class_type (type
, 1))
1603 return error_mark_node
;
1605 gcc_assert (DECL_P (member
) || BASELINK_P (member
));
1606 /* Callers should call mark_used before this point. */
1607 gcc_assert (!DECL_P (member
) || TREE_USED (member
));
1609 type
= TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (type
);
1610 if (!COMPLETE_OR_OPEN_TYPE_P (complete_type (type
)))
1612 error ("incomplete type %qT does not have member %qD", type
, member
);
1613 return error_mark_node
;
1616 /* Entities other than non-static members need no further
1618 if (TREE_CODE (member
) == TYPE_DECL
)
1620 if (TREE_CODE (member
) == VAR_DECL
|| TREE_CODE (member
) == CONST_DECL
)
1621 return convert_from_reference (member
);
1623 if (TREE_CODE (member
) == FIELD_DECL
&& DECL_C_BIT_FIELD (member
))
1625 error ("invalid pointer to bit-field %qD", member
);
1626 return error_mark_node
;
1629 /* Set up BASEBINFO for member lookup. */
1630 decl
= maybe_dummy_object (type
, &basebinfo
);
1632 /* A lot of this logic is now handled in lookup_member. */
1633 if (BASELINK_P (member
))
1635 /* Go from the TREE_BASELINK to the member function info. */
1636 tree t
= BASELINK_FUNCTIONS (member
);
1638 if (TREE_CODE (t
) != TEMPLATE_ID_EXPR
&& !really_overloaded_fn (t
))
1640 /* Get rid of a potential OVERLOAD around it. */
1641 t
= OVL_CURRENT (t
);
1643 /* Unique functions are handled easily. */
1645 /* For non-static member of base class, we need a special rule
1646 for access checking [class.protected]:
1648 If the access is to form a pointer to member, the
1649 nested-name-specifier shall name the derived class
1650 (or any class derived from that class). */
1651 if (address_p
&& DECL_P (t
)
1652 && DECL_NONSTATIC_MEMBER_P (t
))
1653 perform_or_defer_access_check (TYPE_BINFO (type
), t
, t
);
1655 perform_or_defer_access_check (basebinfo
, t
, t
);
1657 if (DECL_STATIC_FUNCTION_P (t
))
1662 TREE_TYPE (member
) = unknown_type_node
;
1664 else if (address_p
&& TREE_CODE (member
) == FIELD_DECL
)
1665 /* We need additional test besides the one in
1666 check_accessibility_of_qualified_id in case it is
1667 a pointer to non-static member. */
1668 perform_or_defer_access_check (TYPE_BINFO (type
), member
, member
);
1672 /* If MEMBER is non-static, then the program has fallen afoul of
1675 An id-expression that denotes a nonstatic data member or
1676 nonstatic member function of a class can only be used:
1678 -- as part of a class member access (_expr.ref_) in which the
1679 object-expression refers to the member's class or a class
1680 derived from that class, or
1682 -- to form a pointer to member (_expr.unary.op_), or
1684 -- in the body of a nonstatic member function of that class or
1685 of a class derived from that class (_class.mfct.nonstatic_), or
1687 -- in a mem-initializer for a constructor for that class or for
1688 a class derived from that class (_class.base.init_). */
1689 if (DECL_NONSTATIC_MEMBER_FUNCTION_P (member
))
1691 /* Build a representation of the qualified name suitable
1692 for use as the operand to "&" -- even though the "&" is
1693 not actually present. */
1694 member
= build2 (OFFSET_REF
, TREE_TYPE (member
), decl
, member
);
1695 /* In Microsoft mode, treat a non-static member function as if
1696 it were a pointer-to-member. */
1697 if (flag_ms_extensions
)
1699 PTRMEM_OK_P (member
) = 1;
1700 return cp_build_addr_expr (member
, tf_warning_or_error
);
1702 error ("invalid use of non-static member function %qD",
1703 TREE_OPERAND (member
, 1));
1704 return error_mark_node
;
1706 else if (TREE_CODE (member
) == FIELD_DECL
)
1708 error ("invalid use of non-static data member %qD", member
);
1709 return error_mark_node
;
1714 member
= build2 (OFFSET_REF
, TREE_TYPE (member
), decl
, member
);
1715 PTRMEM_OK_P (member
) = 1;
1719 /* If DECL is a scalar enumeration constant or variable with a
1720 constant initializer, return the initializer (or, its initializers,
1721 recursively); otherwise, return DECL. If INTEGRAL_P, the
1722 initializer is only returned if DECL is an integral
1723 constant-expression. */
1726 constant_value_1 (tree decl
, bool integral_p
)
1728 while (TREE_CODE (decl
) == CONST_DECL
1730 ? decl_constant_var_p (decl
)
1731 : (TREE_CODE (decl
) == VAR_DECL
1732 && CP_TYPE_CONST_NON_VOLATILE_P (TREE_TYPE (decl
)))))
1735 /* If DECL is a static data member in a template
1736 specialization, we must instantiate it here. The
1737 initializer for the static data member is not processed
1738 until needed; we need it now. */
1740 mark_rvalue_use (decl
);
1741 init
= DECL_INITIAL (decl
);
1742 if (init
== error_mark_node
)
1744 if (DECL_INITIALIZED_BY_CONSTANT_EXPRESSION_P (decl
))
1745 /* Treat the error as a constant to avoid cascading errors on
1746 excessively recursive template instantiation (c++/9335). */
1751 /* Initializers in templates are generally expanded during
1752 instantiation, so before that for const int i(2)
1753 INIT is a TREE_LIST with the actual initializer as
1755 if (processing_template_decl
1757 && TREE_CODE (init
) == TREE_LIST
1758 && TREE_CHAIN (init
) == NULL_TREE
)
1759 init
= TREE_VALUE (init
);
1761 || !TREE_TYPE (init
)
1762 || uses_template_parms (init
)
1765 : (!TREE_CONSTANT (init
)
1766 /* Do not return an aggregate constant (of which
1767 string literals are a special case), as we do not
1768 want to make inadvertent copies of such entities,
1769 and we must be sure that their addresses are the
1771 || TREE_CODE (init
) == CONSTRUCTOR
1772 || TREE_CODE (init
) == STRING_CST
)))
1774 decl
= unshare_expr (init
);
1779 /* If DECL is a CONST_DECL, or a constant VAR_DECL initialized by
1780 constant of integral or enumeration type, then return that value.
1781 These are those variables permitted in constant expressions by
1785 integral_constant_value (tree decl
)
1787 return constant_value_1 (decl
, /*integral_p=*/true);
1790 /* A more relaxed version of integral_constant_value, used by the
1791 common C/C++ code and by the C++ front end for optimization
1795 decl_constant_value (tree decl
)
1797 return constant_value_1 (decl
,
1798 /*integral_p=*/processing_template_decl
);
1801 /* Common subroutines of build_new and build_vec_delete. */
1803 /* Call the global __builtin_delete to delete ADDR. */
1806 build_builtin_delete_call (tree addr
)
1808 mark_used (global_delete_fndecl
);
1809 return build_call_n (global_delete_fndecl
, 1, addr
);
1812 /* Build and return a NEW_EXPR. If NELTS is non-NULL, TYPE[NELTS] is
1813 the type of the object being allocated; otherwise, it's just TYPE.
1814 INIT is the initializer, if any. USE_GLOBAL_NEW is true if the
1815 user explicitly wrote "::operator new". PLACEMENT, if non-NULL, is
1816 a vector of arguments to be provided as arguments to a placement
1817 new operator. This routine performs no semantic checks; it just
1818 creates and returns a NEW_EXPR. */
1821 build_raw_new_expr (VEC(tree
,gc
) *placement
, tree type
, tree nelts
,
1822 VEC(tree
,gc
) *init
, int use_global_new
)
1827 /* If INIT is NULL, the we want to store NULL_TREE in the NEW_EXPR.
1828 If INIT is not NULL, then we want to store VOID_ZERO_NODE. This
1829 permits us to distinguish the case of a missing initializer "new
1830 int" from an empty initializer "new int()". */
1832 init_list
= NULL_TREE
;
1833 else if (VEC_empty (tree
, init
))
1834 init_list
= void_zero_node
;
1836 init_list
= build_tree_list_vec (init
);
1838 new_expr
= build4 (NEW_EXPR
, build_pointer_type (type
),
1839 build_tree_list_vec (placement
), type
, nelts
,
1841 NEW_EXPR_USE_GLOBAL (new_expr
) = use_global_new
;
1842 TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (new_expr
) = 1;
1847 /* Diagnose uninitialized const members or reference members of type
1848 TYPE. USING_NEW is used to disambiguate the diagnostic between a
1849 new expression without a new-initializer and a declaration. Returns
1853 diagnose_uninitialized_cst_or_ref_member_1 (tree type
, tree origin
,
1854 bool using_new
, bool complain
)
1857 int error_count
= 0;
1859 if (type_has_user_provided_constructor (type
))
1862 for (field
= TYPE_FIELDS (type
); field
; field
= DECL_CHAIN (field
))
1866 if (TREE_CODE (field
) != FIELD_DECL
)
1869 field_type
= strip_array_types (TREE_TYPE (field
));
1871 if (TREE_CODE (field_type
) == REFERENCE_TYPE
)
1877 error ("uninitialized reference member in %q#T "
1878 "using %<new%> without new-initializer", origin
);
1880 error ("uninitialized reference member in %q#T", origin
);
1881 inform (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (field
),
1882 "%qD should be initialized", field
);
1886 if (CP_TYPE_CONST_P (field_type
))
1892 error ("uninitialized const member in %q#T "
1893 "using %<new%> without new-initializer", origin
);
1895 error ("uninitialized const member in %q#T", origin
);
1896 inform (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (field
),
1897 "%qD should be initialized", field
);
1901 if (CLASS_TYPE_P (field_type
))
1903 += diagnose_uninitialized_cst_or_ref_member_1 (field_type
, origin
,
1904 using_new
, complain
);
1910 diagnose_uninitialized_cst_or_ref_member (tree type
, bool using_new
, bool complain
)
1912 return diagnose_uninitialized_cst_or_ref_member_1 (type
, type
, using_new
, complain
);
1915 /* Generate code for a new-expression, including calling the "operator
1916 new" function, initializing the object, and, if an exception occurs
1917 during construction, cleaning up. The arguments are as for
1918 build_raw_new_expr. This may change PLACEMENT and INIT. */
1921 build_new_1 (VEC(tree
,gc
) **placement
, tree type
, tree nelts
,
1922 VEC(tree
,gc
) **init
, bool globally_qualified_p
,
1923 tsubst_flags_t complain
)
1926 /* True iff this is a call to "operator new[]" instead of just
1928 bool array_p
= false;
1929 /* If ARRAY_P is true, the element type of the array. This is never
1930 an ARRAY_TYPE; for something like "new int[3][4]", the
1931 ELT_TYPE is "int". If ARRAY_P is false, this is the same type as
1934 /* The type of the new-expression. (This type is always a pointer
1937 tree non_const_pointer_type
;
1938 tree outer_nelts
= NULL_TREE
;
1939 tree alloc_call
, alloc_expr
;
1940 /* The address returned by the call to "operator new". This node is
1941 a VAR_DECL and is therefore reusable. */
1944 tree cookie_expr
, init_expr
;
1945 int nothrow
, check_new
;
1946 int use_java_new
= 0;
1947 /* If non-NULL, the number of extra bytes to allocate at the
1948 beginning of the storage allocated for an array-new expression in
1949 order to store the number of elements. */
1950 tree cookie_size
= NULL_TREE
;
1951 tree placement_first
;
1952 tree placement_expr
= NULL_TREE
;
1953 /* True if the function we are calling is a placement allocation
1955 bool placement_allocation_fn_p
;
1956 /* True if the storage must be initialized, either by a constructor
1957 or due to an explicit new-initializer. */
1958 bool is_initialized
;
1959 /* The address of the thing allocated, not including any cookie. In
1960 particular, if an array cookie is in use, DATA_ADDR is the
1961 address of the first array element. This node is a VAR_DECL, and
1962 is therefore reusable. */
1964 tree init_preeval_expr
= NULL_TREE
;
1968 outer_nelts
= nelts
;
1971 else if (TREE_CODE (type
) == ARRAY_TYPE
)
1974 nelts
= array_type_nelts_top (type
);
1975 outer_nelts
= nelts
;
1976 type
= TREE_TYPE (type
);
1979 /* If our base type is an array, then make sure we know how many elements
1981 for (elt_type
= type
;
1982 TREE_CODE (elt_type
) == ARRAY_TYPE
;
1983 elt_type
= TREE_TYPE (elt_type
))
1984 nelts
= cp_build_binary_op (input_location
,
1986 array_type_nelts_top (elt_type
),
1989 if (TREE_CODE (elt_type
) == VOID_TYPE
)
1991 if (complain
& tf_error
)
1992 error ("invalid type %<void%> for new");
1993 return error_mark_node
;
1996 if (abstract_virtuals_error (NULL_TREE
, elt_type
))
1997 return error_mark_node
;
1999 is_initialized
= (TYPE_NEEDS_CONSTRUCTING (elt_type
) || *init
!= NULL
);
2003 bool maybe_uninitialized_error
= false;
2004 /* A program that calls for default-initialization [...] of an
2005 entity of reference type is ill-formed. */
2006 if (CLASSTYPE_REF_FIELDS_NEED_INIT (elt_type
))
2007 maybe_uninitialized_error
= true;
2009 /* A new-expression that creates an object of type T initializes
2010 that object as follows:
2011 - If the new-initializer is omitted:
2012 -- If T is a (possibly cv-qualified) non-POD class type
2013 (or array thereof), the object is default-initialized (8.5).
2015 -- Otherwise, the object created has indeterminate
2016 value. If T is a const-qualified type, or a (possibly
2017 cv-qualified) POD class type (or array thereof)
2018 containing (directly or indirectly) a member of
2019 const-qualified type, the program is ill-formed; */
2021 if (CLASSTYPE_READONLY_FIELDS_NEED_INIT (elt_type
))
2022 maybe_uninitialized_error
= true;
2024 if (maybe_uninitialized_error
2025 && diagnose_uninitialized_cst_or_ref_member (elt_type
,
2027 complain
& tf_error
))
2028 return error_mark_node
;
2031 if (CP_TYPE_CONST_P (elt_type
) && *init
== NULL
2032 && !type_has_user_provided_default_constructor (elt_type
))
2034 if (complain
& tf_error
)
2035 error ("uninitialized const in %<new%> of %q#T", elt_type
);
2036 return error_mark_node
;
2039 size
= size_in_bytes (elt_type
);
2041 size
= size_binop (MULT_EXPR
, size
, convert (sizetype
, nelts
));
2043 alloc_fn
= NULL_TREE
;
2045 /* If PLACEMENT is a single simple pointer type not passed by
2046 reference, prepare to capture it in a temporary variable. Do
2047 this now, since PLACEMENT will change in the calls below. */
2048 placement_first
= NULL_TREE
;
2049 if (VEC_length (tree
, *placement
) == 1
2050 && (TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (VEC_index (tree
, *placement
, 0)))
2052 placement_first
= VEC_index (tree
, *placement
, 0);
2054 /* Allocate the object. */
2055 if (VEC_empty (tree
, *placement
) && TYPE_FOR_JAVA (elt_type
))
2058 tree class_decl
= build_java_class_ref (elt_type
);
2059 static const char alloc_name
[] = "_Jv_AllocObject";
2061 if (class_decl
== error_mark_node
)
2062 return error_mark_node
;
2065 if (!get_global_value_if_present (get_identifier (alloc_name
),
2068 if (complain
& tf_error
)
2069 error ("call to Java constructor with %qs undefined", alloc_name
);
2070 return error_mark_node
;
2072 else if (really_overloaded_fn (alloc_fn
))
2074 if (complain
& tf_error
)
2075 error ("%qD should never be overloaded", alloc_fn
);
2076 return error_mark_node
;
2078 alloc_fn
= OVL_CURRENT (alloc_fn
);
2079 class_addr
= build1 (ADDR_EXPR
, jclass_node
, class_decl
);
2080 alloc_call
= cp_build_function_call_nary (alloc_fn
, complain
,
2081 class_addr
, NULL_TREE
);
2083 else if (TYPE_FOR_JAVA (elt_type
) && MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (elt_type
))
2085 error ("Java class %q#T object allocated using placement new", elt_type
);
2086 return error_mark_node
;
2093 fnname
= ansi_opname (array_p
? VEC_NEW_EXPR
: NEW_EXPR
);
2095 if (!globally_qualified_p
2096 && CLASS_TYPE_P (elt_type
)
2098 ? TYPE_HAS_ARRAY_NEW_OPERATOR (elt_type
)
2099 : TYPE_HAS_NEW_OPERATOR (elt_type
)))
2101 /* Use a class-specific operator new. */
2102 /* If a cookie is required, add some extra space. */
2103 if (array_p
&& TYPE_VEC_NEW_USES_COOKIE (elt_type
))
2105 cookie_size
= targetm
.cxx
.get_cookie_size (elt_type
);
2106 size
= size_binop (PLUS_EXPR
, size
, cookie_size
);
2108 /* Create the argument list. */
2109 VEC_safe_insert (tree
, gc
, *placement
, 0, size
);
2110 /* Do name-lookup to find the appropriate operator. */
2111 fns
= lookup_fnfields (elt_type
, fnname
, /*protect=*/2);
2112 if (fns
== NULL_TREE
)
2114 if (complain
& tf_error
)
2115 error ("no suitable %qD found in class %qT", fnname
, elt_type
);
2116 return error_mark_node
;
2118 if (TREE_CODE (fns
) == TREE_LIST
)
2120 if (complain
& tf_error
)
2122 error ("request for member %qD is ambiguous", fnname
);
2123 print_candidates (fns
);
2125 return error_mark_node
;
2127 alloc_call
= build_new_method_call (build_dummy_object (elt_type
),
2129 /*conversion_path=*/NULL_TREE
,
2136 /* Use a global operator new. */
2137 /* See if a cookie might be required. */
2138 if (array_p
&& TYPE_VEC_NEW_USES_COOKIE (elt_type
))
2139 cookie_size
= targetm
.cxx
.get_cookie_size (elt_type
);
2141 cookie_size
= NULL_TREE
;
2143 alloc_call
= build_operator_new_call (fnname
, placement
,
2144 &size
, &cookie_size
,
2149 if (alloc_call
== error_mark_node
)
2150 return error_mark_node
;
2152 gcc_assert (alloc_fn
!= NULL_TREE
);
2154 /* If we found a simple case of PLACEMENT_EXPR above, then copy it
2155 into a temporary variable. */
2156 if (!processing_template_decl
2157 && placement_first
!= NULL_TREE
2158 && TREE_CODE (alloc_call
) == CALL_EXPR
2159 && call_expr_nargs (alloc_call
) == 2
2160 && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (CALL_EXPR_ARG (alloc_call
, 0))) == INTEGER_TYPE
2161 && TREE_CODE (TREE_TYPE (CALL_EXPR_ARG (alloc_call
, 1))) == POINTER_TYPE
)
2163 tree placement_arg
= CALL_EXPR_ARG (alloc_call
, 1);
2165 if (INTEGRAL_OR_ENUMERATION_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (placement_arg
)))
2166 || VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (placement_arg
))))
2168 placement_expr
= get_target_expr (placement_first
);
2169 CALL_EXPR_ARG (alloc_call
, 1)
2170 = convert (TREE_TYPE (placement_arg
), placement_expr
);
2174 /* In the simple case, we can stop now. */
2175 pointer_type
= build_pointer_type (type
);
2176 if (!cookie_size
&& !is_initialized
)
2177 return build_nop (pointer_type
, alloc_call
);
2179 /* Store the result of the allocation call in a variable so that we can
2180 use it more than once. */
2181 alloc_expr
= get_target_expr (alloc_call
);
2182 alloc_node
= TARGET_EXPR_SLOT (alloc_expr
);
2184 /* Strip any COMPOUND_EXPRs from ALLOC_CALL. */
2185 while (TREE_CODE (alloc_call
) == COMPOUND_EXPR
)
2186 alloc_call
= TREE_OPERAND (alloc_call
, 1);
2188 /* Now, check to see if this function is actually a placement
2189 allocation function. This can happen even when PLACEMENT is NULL
2190 because we might have something like:
2192 struct S { void* operator new (size_t, int i = 0); };
2194 A call to `new S' will get this allocation function, even though
2195 there is no explicit placement argument. If there is more than
2196 one argument, or there are variable arguments, then this is a
2197 placement allocation function. */
2198 placement_allocation_fn_p
2199 = (type_num_arguments (TREE_TYPE (alloc_fn
)) > 1
2200 || varargs_function_p (alloc_fn
));
2202 /* Preevaluate the placement args so that we don't reevaluate them for a
2203 placement delete. */
2204 if (placement_allocation_fn_p
)
2207 stabilize_call (alloc_call
, &inits
);
2209 alloc_expr
= build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR
, TREE_TYPE (alloc_expr
), inits
,
2213 /* unless an allocation function is declared with an empty excep-
2214 tion-specification (_except.spec_), throw(), it indicates failure to
2215 allocate storage by throwing a bad_alloc exception (clause _except_,
2216 _lib.bad.alloc_); it returns a non-null pointer otherwise If the allo-
2217 cation function is declared with an empty exception-specification,
2218 throw(), it returns null to indicate failure to allocate storage and a
2219 non-null pointer otherwise.
2221 So check for a null exception spec on the op new we just called. */
2223 nothrow
= TYPE_NOTHROW_P (TREE_TYPE (alloc_fn
));
2224 check_new
= (flag_check_new
|| nothrow
) && ! use_java_new
;
2232 /* Adjust so we're pointing to the start of the object. */
2233 data_addr
= build2 (POINTER_PLUS_EXPR
, TREE_TYPE (alloc_node
),
2234 alloc_node
, cookie_size
);
2236 /* Store the number of bytes allocated so that we can know how
2237 many elements to destroy later. We use the last sizeof
2238 (size_t) bytes to store the number of elements. */
2239 cookie_ptr
= size_binop (MINUS_EXPR
, cookie_size
, size_in_bytes (sizetype
));
2240 cookie_ptr
= fold_build2_loc (input_location
,
2241 POINTER_PLUS_EXPR
, TREE_TYPE (alloc_node
),
2242 alloc_node
, cookie_ptr
);
2243 size_ptr_type
= build_pointer_type (sizetype
);
2244 cookie_ptr
= fold_convert (size_ptr_type
, cookie_ptr
);
2245 cookie
= cp_build_indirect_ref (cookie_ptr
, RO_NULL
, complain
);
2247 cookie_expr
= build2 (MODIFY_EXPR
, sizetype
, cookie
, nelts
);
2249 if (targetm
.cxx
.cookie_has_size ())
2251 /* Also store the element size. */
2252 cookie_ptr
= build2 (POINTER_PLUS_EXPR
, size_ptr_type
, cookie_ptr
,
2253 fold_build1_loc (input_location
,
2254 NEGATE_EXPR
, sizetype
,
2255 size_in_bytes (sizetype
)));
2257 cookie
= cp_build_indirect_ref (cookie_ptr
, RO_NULL
, complain
);
2258 cookie
= build2 (MODIFY_EXPR
, sizetype
, cookie
,
2259 size_in_bytes (elt_type
));
2260 cookie_expr
= build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR
, TREE_TYPE (cookie_expr
),
2261 cookie
, cookie_expr
);
2266 cookie_expr
= NULL_TREE
;
2267 data_addr
= alloc_node
;
2270 /* Now use a pointer to the type we've actually allocated. */
2272 /* But we want to operate on a non-const version to start with,
2273 since we'll be modifying the elements. */
2274 non_const_pointer_type
= build_pointer_type
2275 (cp_build_qualified_type (type
, cp_type_quals (type
) & ~TYPE_QUAL_CONST
));
2277 data_addr
= fold_convert (non_const_pointer_type
, data_addr
);
2278 /* Any further uses of alloc_node will want this type, too. */
2279 alloc_node
= fold_convert (non_const_pointer_type
, alloc_node
);
2281 /* Now initialize the allocated object. Note that we preevaluate the
2282 initialization expression, apart from the actual constructor call or
2283 assignment--we do this because we want to delay the allocation as long
2284 as possible in order to minimize the size of the exception region for
2285 placement delete. */
2289 bool explicit_value_init_p
= false;
2291 if (*init
!= NULL
&& VEC_empty (tree
, *init
))
2294 explicit_value_init_p
= true;
2299 tree vecinit
= NULL_TREE
;
2300 if (*init
&& VEC_length (tree
, *init
) == 1
2301 && BRACE_ENCLOSED_INITIALIZER_P (VEC_index (tree
, *init
, 0))
2302 && CONSTRUCTOR_IS_DIRECT_INIT (VEC_index (tree
, *init
, 0)))
2304 tree arraytype
, domain
;
2305 vecinit
= VEC_index (tree
, *init
, 0);
2306 if (TREE_CONSTANT (nelts
))
2307 domain
= compute_array_index_type (NULL_TREE
, nelts
, complain
);
2311 if (CONSTRUCTOR_NELTS (vecinit
) > 0)
2312 warning (0, "non-constant array size in new, unable to "
2313 "verify length of initializer-list");
2315 arraytype
= build_cplus_array_type (type
, domain
);
2316 vecinit
= digest_init (arraytype
, vecinit
);
2320 if (complain
& tf_error
)
2321 permerror (input_location
, "ISO C++ forbids initialization in array new");
2323 return error_mark_node
;
2324 vecinit
= build_tree_list_vec (*init
);
2327 = build_vec_init (data_addr
,
2328 cp_build_binary_op (input_location
,
2329 MINUS_EXPR
, outer_nelts
,
2333 explicit_value_init_p
,
2337 /* An array initialization is stable because the initialization
2338 of each element is a full-expression, so the temporaries don't
2344 init_expr
= cp_build_indirect_ref (data_addr
, RO_NULL
, complain
);
2346 if (TYPE_NEEDS_CONSTRUCTING (type
)
2347 && (!explicit_value_init_p
|| processing_template_decl
))
2349 init_expr
= build_special_member_call (init_expr
,
2350 complete_ctor_identifier
,
2355 else if (explicit_value_init_p
)
2357 if (processing_template_decl
)
2358 /* Don't worry about it, we'll handle this properly at
2359 instantiation time. */;
2362 /* Something like `new int()'. */
2363 tree val
= build_value_init (type
, complain
);
2364 if (val
== error_mark_node
)
2365 return error_mark_node
;
2366 init_expr
= build2 (INIT_EXPR
, type
, init_expr
, val
);
2373 /* We are processing something like `new int (10)', which
2374 means allocate an int, and initialize it with 10. */
2376 ie
= build_x_compound_expr_from_vec (*init
, "new initializer");
2377 init_expr
= cp_build_modify_expr (init_expr
, INIT_EXPR
, ie
,
2380 stable
= stabilize_init (init_expr
, &init_preeval_expr
);
2383 if (init_expr
== error_mark_node
)
2384 return error_mark_node
;
2386 /* If any part of the object initialization terminates by throwing an
2387 exception and a suitable deallocation function can be found, the
2388 deallocation function is called to free the memory in which the
2389 object was being constructed, after which the exception continues
2390 to propagate in the context of the new-expression. If no
2391 unambiguous matching deallocation function can be found,
2392 propagating the exception does not cause the object's memory to be
2394 if (flag_exceptions
&& ! use_java_new
)
2396 enum tree_code dcode
= array_p
? VEC_DELETE_EXPR
: DELETE_EXPR
;
2399 /* The Standard is unclear here, but the right thing to do
2400 is to use the same method for finding deallocation
2401 functions that we use for finding allocation functions. */
2402 cleanup
= (build_op_delete_call
2406 globally_qualified_p
,
2407 placement_allocation_fn_p
? alloc_call
: NULL_TREE
,
2413 /* This is much simpler if we were able to preevaluate all of
2414 the arguments to the constructor call. */
2416 /* CLEANUP is compiler-generated, so no diagnostics. */
2417 TREE_NO_WARNING (cleanup
) = true;
2418 init_expr
= build2 (TRY_CATCH_EXPR
, void_type_node
,
2419 init_expr
, cleanup
);
2420 /* Likewise, this try-catch is compiler-generated. */
2421 TREE_NO_WARNING (init_expr
) = true;
2424 /* Ack! First we allocate the memory. Then we set our sentry
2425 variable to true, and expand a cleanup that deletes the
2426 memory if sentry is true. Then we run the constructor, and
2427 finally clear the sentry.
2429 We need to do this because we allocate the space first, so
2430 if there are any temporaries with cleanups in the
2431 constructor args and we weren't able to preevaluate them, we
2432 need this EH region to extend until end of full-expression
2433 to preserve nesting. */
2435 tree end
, sentry
, begin
;
2437 begin
= get_target_expr (boolean_true_node
);
2438 CLEANUP_EH_ONLY (begin
) = 1;
2440 sentry
= TARGET_EXPR_SLOT (begin
);
2442 /* CLEANUP is compiler-generated, so no diagnostics. */
2443 TREE_NO_WARNING (cleanup
) = true;
2445 TARGET_EXPR_CLEANUP (begin
)
2446 = build3 (COND_EXPR
, void_type_node
, sentry
,
2447 cleanup
, void_zero_node
);
2449 end
= build2 (MODIFY_EXPR
, TREE_TYPE (sentry
),
2450 sentry
, boolean_false_node
);
2453 = build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR
, void_type_node
, begin
,
2454 build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR
, void_type_node
, init_expr
,
2456 /* Likewise, this is compiler-generated. */
2457 TREE_NO_WARNING (init_expr
) = true;
2462 init_expr
= NULL_TREE
;
2464 /* Now build up the return value in reverse order. */
2469 rval
= build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR
, TREE_TYPE (rval
), init_expr
, rval
);
2471 rval
= build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR
, TREE_TYPE (rval
), cookie_expr
, rval
);
2473 if (rval
== data_addr
)
2474 /* If we don't have an initializer or a cookie, strip the TARGET_EXPR
2475 and return the call (which doesn't need to be adjusted). */
2476 rval
= TARGET_EXPR_INITIAL (alloc_expr
);
2481 tree ifexp
= cp_build_binary_op (input_location
,
2482 NE_EXPR
, alloc_node
,
2485 rval
= build_conditional_expr (ifexp
, rval
, alloc_node
,
2489 /* Perform the allocation before anything else, so that ALLOC_NODE
2490 has been initialized before we start using it. */
2491 rval
= build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR
, TREE_TYPE (rval
), alloc_expr
, rval
);
2494 if (init_preeval_expr
)
2495 rval
= build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR
, TREE_TYPE (rval
), init_preeval_expr
, rval
);
2497 /* A new-expression is never an lvalue. */
2498 gcc_assert (!lvalue_p (rval
));
2500 return convert (pointer_type
, rval
);
2503 /* Generate a representation for a C++ "new" expression. *PLACEMENT
2504 is a vector of placement-new arguments (or NULL if none). If NELTS
2505 is NULL, TYPE is the type of the storage to be allocated. If NELTS
2506 is not NULL, then this is an array-new allocation; TYPE is the type
2507 of the elements in the array and NELTS is the number of elements in
2508 the array. *INIT, if non-NULL, is the initializer for the new
2509 object, or an empty vector to indicate an initializer of "()". If
2510 USE_GLOBAL_NEW is true, then the user explicitly wrote "::new"
2511 rather than just "new". This may change PLACEMENT and INIT. */
2514 build_new (VEC(tree
,gc
) **placement
, tree type
, tree nelts
,
2515 VEC(tree
,gc
) **init
, int use_global_new
, tsubst_flags_t complain
)
2518 VEC(tree
,gc
) *orig_placement
= NULL
;
2519 tree orig_nelts
= NULL_TREE
;
2520 VEC(tree
,gc
) *orig_init
= NULL
;
2522 if (type
== error_mark_node
)
2523 return error_mark_node
;
2525 if (nelts
== NULL_TREE
&& VEC_length (tree
, *init
) == 1)
2527 tree auto_node
= type_uses_auto (type
);
2530 tree d_init
= VEC_index (tree
, *init
, 0);
2531 d_init
= resolve_nondeduced_context (d_init
);
2532 if (describable_type (d_init
))
2533 type
= do_auto_deduction (type
, d_init
, auto_node
);
2537 if (processing_template_decl
)
2539 if (dependent_type_p (type
)
2540 || any_type_dependent_arguments_p (*placement
)
2541 || (nelts
&& type_dependent_expression_p (nelts
))
2542 || any_type_dependent_arguments_p (*init
))
2543 return build_raw_new_expr (*placement
, type
, nelts
, *init
,
2546 orig_placement
= make_tree_vector_copy (*placement
);
2548 orig_init
= make_tree_vector_copy (*init
);
2550 make_args_non_dependent (*placement
);
2552 nelts
= build_non_dependent_expr (nelts
);
2553 make_args_non_dependent (*init
);
2558 if (!build_expr_type_conversion (WANT_INT
| WANT_ENUM
, nelts
, false))
2560 if (complain
& tf_error
)
2561 permerror (input_location
, "size in array new must have integral type");
2563 return error_mark_node
;
2565 nelts
= mark_rvalue_use (nelts
);
2566 nelts
= cp_save_expr (cp_convert (sizetype
, nelts
));
2569 /* ``A reference cannot be created by the new operator. A reference
2570 is not an object (8.2.2, 8.4.3), so a pointer to it could not be
2571 returned by new.'' ARM 5.3.3 */
2572 if (TREE_CODE (type
) == REFERENCE_TYPE
)
2574 if (complain
& tf_error
)
2575 error ("new cannot be applied to a reference type");
2577 return error_mark_node
;
2578 type
= TREE_TYPE (type
);
2581 if (TREE_CODE (type
) == FUNCTION_TYPE
)
2583 if (complain
& tf_error
)
2584 error ("new cannot be applied to a function type");
2585 return error_mark_node
;
2588 /* The type allocated must be complete. If the new-type-id was
2589 "T[N]" then we are just checking that "T" is complete here, but
2590 that is equivalent, since the value of "N" doesn't matter. */
2591 if (!complete_type_or_maybe_complain (type
, NULL_TREE
, complain
))
2592 return error_mark_node
;
2594 rval
= build_new_1 (placement
, type
, nelts
, init
, use_global_new
, complain
);
2595 if (rval
== error_mark_node
)
2596 return error_mark_node
;
2598 if (processing_template_decl
)
2600 tree ret
= build_raw_new_expr (orig_placement
, type
, orig_nelts
,
2601 orig_init
, use_global_new
);
2602 release_tree_vector (orig_placement
);
2603 release_tree_vector (orig_init
);
2607 /* Wrap it in a NOP_EXPR so warn_if_unused_value doesn't complain. */
2608 rval
= build1 (NOP_EXPR
, TREE_TYPE (rval
), rval
);
2609 TREE_NO_WARNING (rval
) = 1;
2614 /* Given a Java class, return a decl for the corresponding java.lang.Class. */
2617 build_java_class_ref (tree type
)
2619 tree name
= NULL_TREE
, class_decl
;
2620 static tree CL_suffix
= NULL_TREE
;
2621 if (CL_suffix
== NULL_TREE
)
2622 CL_suffix
= get_identifier("class$");
2623 if (jclass_node
== NULL_TREE
)
2625 jclass_node
= IDENTIFIER_GLOBAL_VALUE (get_identifier ("jclass"));
2626 if (jclass_node
== NULL_TREE
)
2628 error ("call to Java constructor, while %<jclass%> undefined");
2629 return error_mark_node
;
2631 jclass_node
= TREE_TYPE (jclass_node
);
2634 /* Mangle the class$ field. */
2637 for (field
= TYPE_FIELDS (type
); field
; field
= DECL_CHAIN (field
))
2638 if (DECL_NAME (field
) == CL_suffix
)
2640 mangle_decl (field
);
2641 name
= DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME (field
);
2646 error ("can%'t find %<class$%> in %qT", type
);
2647 return error_mark_node
;
2651 class_decl
= IDENTIFIER_GLOBAL_VALUE (name
);
2652 if (class_decl
== NULL_TREE
)
2654 class_decl
= build_decl (input_location
,
2655 VAR_DECL
, name
, TREE_TYPE (jclass_node
));
2656 TREE_STATIC (class_decl
) = 1;
2657 DECL_EXTERNAL (class_decl
) = 1;
2658 TREE_PUBLIC (class_decl
) = 1;
2659 DECL_ARTIFICIAL (class_decl
) = 1;
2660 DECL_IGNORED_P (class_decl
) = 1;
2661 pushdecl_top_level (class_decl
);
2662 make_decl_rtl (class_decl
);
2668 build_vec_delete_1 (tree base
, tree maxindex
, tree type
,
2669 special_function_kind auto_delete_vec
, int use_global_delete
)
2672 tree ptype
= build_pointer_type (type
= complete_type (type
));
2673 tree size_exp
= size_in_bytes (type
);
2675 /* Temporary variables used by the loop. */
2676 tree tbase
, tbase_init
;
2678 /* This is the body of the loop that implements the deletion of a
2679 single element, and moves temp variables to next elements. */
2682 /* This is the LOOP_EXPR that governs the deletion of the elements. */
2685 /* This is the thing that governs what to do after the loop has run. */
2686 tree deallocate_expr
= 0;
2688 /* This is the BIND_EXPR which holds the outermost iterator of the
2689 loop. It is convenient to set this variable up and test it before
2690 executing any other code in the loop.
2691 This is also the containing expression returned by this function. */
2692 tree controller
= NULL_TREE
;
2695 /* We should only have 1-D arrays here. */
2696 gcc_assert (TREE_CODE (type
) != ARRAY_TYPE
);
2698 if (! MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (type
) || TYPE_HAS_TRIVIAL_DESTRUCTOR (type
))
2701 /* The below is short by the cookie size. */
2702 virtual_size
= size_binop (MULT_EXPR
, size_exp
,
2703 convert (sizetype
, maxindex
));
2705 tbase
= create_temporary_var (ptype
);
2706 tbase_init
= cp_build_modify_expr (tbase
, NOP_EXPR
,
2707 fold_build2_loc (input_location
,
2708 POINTER_PLUS_EXPR
, ptype
,
2709 fold_convert (ptype
, base
),
2711 tf_warning_or_error
);
2712 controller
= build3 (BIND_EXPR
, void_type_node
, tbase
,
2713 NULL_TREE
, NULL_TREE
);
2714 TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (controller
) = 1;
2716 body
= build1 (EXIT_EXPR
, void_type_node
,
2717 build2 (EQ_EXPR
, boolean_type_node
, tbase
,
2718 fold_convert (ptype
, base
)));
2719 tmp
= fold_build1_loc (input_location
, NEGATE_EXPR
, sizetype
, size_exp
);
2720 body
= build_compound_expr
2722 body
, cp_build_modify_expr (tbase
, NOP_EXPR
,
2723 build2 (POINTER_PLUS_EXPR
, ptype
, tbase
, tmp
),
2724 tf_warning_or_error
));
2725 body
= build_compound_expr
2727 body
, build_delete (ptype
, tbase
, sfk_complete_destructor
,
2728 LOOKUP_NORMAL
|LOOKUP_DESTRUCTOR
, 1));
2730 loop
= build1 (LOOP_EXPR
, void_type_node
, body
);
2731 loop
= build_compound_expr (input_location
, tbase_init
, loop
);
2734 /* If the delete flag is one, or anything else with the low bit set,
2735 delete the storage. */
2736 if (auto_delete_vec
!= sfk_base_destructor
)
2740 /* The below is short by the cookie size. */
2741 virtual_size
= size_binop (MULT_EXPR
, size_exp
,
2742 convert (sizetype
, maxindex
));
2744 if (! TYPE_VEC_NEW_USES_COOKIE (type
))
2751 cookie_size
= targetm
.cxx
.get_cookie_size (type
);
2753 = cp_convert (ptype
,
2754 cp_build_binary_op (input_location
,
2756 cp_convert (string_type_node
,
2759 tf_warning_or_error
));
2760 /* True size with header. */
2761 virtual_size
= size_binop (PLUS_EXPR
, virtual_size
, cookie_size
);
2764 if (auto_delete_vec
== sfk_deleting_destructor
)
2765 deallocate_expr
= build_op_delete_call (VEC_DELETE_EXPR
,
2766 base_tbd
, virtual_size
,
2767 use_global_delete
& 1,
2768 /*placement=*/NULL_TREE
,
2769 /*alloc_fn=*/NULL_TREE
);
2773 if (!deallocate_expr
)
2776 body
= deallocate_expr
;
2778 body
= build_compound_expr (input_location
, body
, deallocate_expr
);
2781 body
= integer_zero_node
;
2783 /* Outermost wrapper: If pointer is null, punt. */
2784 body
= fold_build3_loc (input_location
, COND_EXPR
, void_type_node
,
2785 fold_build2_loc (input_location
,
2786 NE_EXPR
, boolean_type_node
, base
,
2787 convert (TREE_TYPE (base
),
2788 integer_zero_node
)),
2789 body
, integer_zero_node
);
2790 body
= build1 (NOP_EXPR
, void_type_node
, body
);
2794 TREE_OPERAND (controller
, 1) = body
;
2798 if (TREE_CODE (base
) == SAVE_EXPR
)
2799 /* Pre-evaluate the SAVE_EXPR outside of the BIND_EXPR. */
2800 body
= build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR
, void_type_node
, base
, body
);
2802 return convert_to_void (body
, ICV_CAST
, tf_warning_or_error
);
2805 /* Create an unnamed variable of the indicated TYPE. */
2808 create_temporary_var (tree type
)
2812 decl
= build_decl (input_location
,
2813 VAR_DECL
, NULL_TREE
, type
);
2814 TREE_USED (decl
) = 1;
2815 DECL_ARTIFICIAL (decl
) = 1;
2816 DECL_IGNORED_P (decl
) = 1;
2817 DECL_CONTEXT (decl
) = current_function_decl
;
2822 /* Create a new temporary variable of the indicated TYPE, initialized
2825 It is not entered into current_binding_level, because that breaks
2826 things when it comes time to do final cleanups (which take place
2827 "outside" the binding contour of the function). */
2830 get_temp_regvar (tree type
, tree init
)
2834 decl
= create_temporary_var (type
);
2835 add_decl_expr (decl
);
2837 finish_expr_stmt (cp_build_modify_expr (decl
, INIT_EXPR
, init
,
2838 tf_warning_or_error
));
2843 /* `build_vec_init' returns tree structure that performs
2844 initialization of a vector of aggregate types.
2846 BASE is a reference to the vector, of ARRAY_TYPE, or a pointer
2847 to the first element, of POINTER_TYPE.
2848 MAXINDEX is the maximum index of the array (one less than the
2849 number of elements). It is only used if BASE is a pointer or
2850 TYPE_DOMAIN (TREE_TYPE (BASE)) == NULL_TREE.
2852 INIT is the (possibly NULL) initializer.
2854 If EXPLICIT_VALUE_INIT_P is true, then INIT must be NULL. All
2855 elements in the array are value-initialized.
2857 FROM_ARRAY is 0 if we should init everything with INIT
2858 (i.e., every element initialized from INIT).
2859 FROM_ARRAY is 1 if we should index into INIT in parallel
2860 with initialization of DECL.
2861 FROM_ARRAY is 2 if we should index into INIT in parallel,
2862 but use assignment instead of initialization. */
2865 build_vec_init (tree base
, tree maxindex
, tree init
,
2866 bool explicit_value_init_p
,
2867 int from_array
, tsubst_flags_t complain
)
2870 tree base2
= NULL_TREE
;
2871 tree itype
= NULL_TREE
;
2873 /* The type of BASE. */
2874 tree atype
= TREE_TYPE (base
);
2875 /* The type of an element in the array. */
2876 tree type
= TREE_TYPE (atype
);
2877 /* The element type reached after removing all outer array
2879 tree inner_elt_type
;
2880 /* The type of a pointer to an element in the array. */
2885 tree try_block
= NULL_TREE
;
2886 int num_initialized_elts
= 0;
2888 tree const_init
= NULL_TREE
;
2890 bool xvalue
= false;
2892 if (TREE_CODE (atype
) == ARRAY_TYPE
&& TYPE_DOMAIN (atype
))
2893 maxindex
= array_type_nelts (atype
);
2895 if (maxindex
== NULL_TREE
|| maxindex
== error_mark_node
)
2896 return error_mark_node
;
2898 if (explicit_value_init_p
)
2901 inner_elt_type
= strip_array_types (type
);
2903 /* Look through the TARGET_EXPR around a compound literal. */
2904 if (init
&& TREE_CODE (init
) == TARGET_EXPR
2905 && TREE_CODE (TARGET_EXPR_INITIAL (init
)) == CONSTRUCTOR
2907 init
= TARGET_EXPR_INITIAL (init
);
2910 && TREE_CODE (atype
) == ARRAY_TYPE
2912 ? (!CLASS_TYPE_P (inner_elt_type
)
2913 || !TYPE_HAS_COMPLEX_COPY_ASSIGN (inner_elt_type
))
2914 : !TYPE_NEEDS_CONSTRUCTING (type
))
2915 && ((TREE_CODE (init
) == CONSTRUCTOR
2916 /* Don't do this if the CONSTRUCTOR might contain something
2917 that might throw and require us to clean up. */
2918 && (VEC_empty (constructor_elt
, CONSTRUCTOR_ELTS (init
))
2919 || ! TYPE_HAS_NONTRIVIAL_DESTRUCTOR (inner_elt_type
)))
2922 /* Do non-default initialization of trivial arrays resulting from
2923 brace-enclosed initializers. In this case, digest_init and
2924 store_constructor will handle the semantics for us. */
2926 stmt_expr
= build2 (INIT_EXPR
, atype
, base
, init
);
2930 maxindex
= cp_convert (ptrdiff_type_node
, maxindex
);
2931 if (TREE_CODE (atype
) == ARRAY_TYPE
)
2933 ptype
= build_pointer_type (type
);
2934 base
= cp_convert (ptype
, decay_conversion (base
));
2939 /* The code we are generating looks like:
2943 ptrdiff_t iterator = maxindex;
2945 for (; iterator != -1; --iterator) {
2946 ... initialize *t1 ...
2950 ... destroy elements that were constructed ...
2955 We can omit the try and catch blocks if we know that the
2956 initialization will never throw an exception, or if the array
2957 elements do not have destructors. We can omit the loop completely if
2958 the elements of the array do not have constructors.
2960 We actually wrap the entire body of the above in a STMT_EXPR, for
2963 When copying from array to another, when the array elements have
2964 only trivial copy constructors, we should use __builtin_memcpy
2965 rather than generating a loop. That way, we could take advantage
2966 of whatever cleverness the back end has for dealing with copies
2967 of blocks of memory. */
2969 is_global
= begin_init_stmts (&stmt_expr
, &compound_stmt
);
2970 destroy_temps
= stmts_are_full_exprs_p ();
2971 current_stmt_tree ()->stmts_are_full_exprs_p
= 0;
2972 rval
= get_temp_regvar (ptype
, base
);
2973 base
= get_temp_regvar (ptype
, rval
);
2974 iterator
= get_temp_regvar (ptrdiff_type_node
, maxindex
);
2976 /* If initializing one array from another, initialize element by
2977 element. We rely upon the below calls to do the argument
2978 checking. Evaluate the initializer before entering the try block. */
2979 if (from_array
&& init
&& TREE_CODE (init
) != CONSTRUCTOR
)
2981 if (lvalue_kind (init
) & clk_rvalueref
)
2983 base2
= decay_conversion (init
);
2984 itype
= TREE_TYPE (base2
);
2985 base2
= get_temp_regvar (itype
, base2
);
2986 itype
= TREE_TYPE (itype
);
2989 /* Protect the entire array initialization so that we can destroy
2990 the partially constructed array if an exception is thrown.
2991 But don't do this if we're assigning. */
2992 if (flag_exceptions
&& TYPE_HAS_NONTRIVIAL_DESTRUCTOR (type
)
2995 try_block
= begin_try_block ();
2998 /* Maybe pull out constant value when from_array? */
3000 if (init
!= NULL_TREE
&& TREE_CODE (init
) == CONSTRUCTOR
)
3002 /* Do non-default initialization of non-trivial arrays resulting from
3003 brace-enclosed initializers. */
3004 unsigned HOST_WIDE_INT idx
;
3006 /* Should we try to create a constant initializer? */
3007 bool try_const
= (literal_type_p (inner_elt_type
)
3008 || TYPE_HAS_CONSTEXPR_CTOR (inner_elt_type
));
3009 bool saw_non_const
= false;
3010 bool saw_const
= false;
3011 /* If we're initializing a static array, we want to do static
3012 initialization of any elements with constant initializers even if
3013 some are non-constant. */
3014 bool do_static_init
= (DECL_P (obase
) && TREE_STATIC (obase
));
3015 VEC(constructor_elt
,gc
) *new_vec
;
3019 new_vec
= VEC_alloc (constructor_elt
, gc
, CONSTRUCTOR_NELTS (init
));
3023 FOR_EACH_CONSTRUCTOR_ELT (CONSTRUCTOR_ELTS (init
), idx
, field
, elt
)
3025 tree baseref
= build1 (INDIRECT_REF
, type
, base
);
3028 num_initialized_elts
++;
3030 current_stmt_tree ()->stmts_are_full_exprs_p
= 1;
3031 if (MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (type
) || TREE_CODE (type
) == ARRAY_TYPE
)
3032 one_init
= build_aggr_init (baseref
, elt
, 0, complain
);
3034 one_init
= cp_build_modify_expr (baseref
, NOP_EXPR
,
3040 if (TREE_CODE (e
) == EXPR_STMT
)
3041 e
= TREE_OPERAND (e
, 0);
3042 if (TREE_CODE (e
) == CONVERT_EXPR
3043 && VOID_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (e
)))
3044 e
= TREE_OPERAND (e
, 0);
3045 e
= maybe_constant_init (e
);
3046 if (reduced_constant_expression_p (e
))
3048 CONSTRUCTOR_APPEND_ELT (new_vec
, field
, e
);
3050 one_init
= NULL_TREE
;
3052 one_init
= build2 (INIT_EXPR
, type
, baseref
, e
);
3058 CONSTRUCTOR_APPEND_ELT (new_vec
, field
,
3059 build_zero_init (TREE_TYPE (e
),
3061 saw_non_const
= true;
3066 finish_expr_stmt (one_init
);
3067 current_stmt_tree ()->stmts_are_full_exprs_p
= 0;
3069 finish_expr_stmt (cp_build_unary_op (PREINCREMENT_EXPR
, base
, 0,
3071 finish_expr_stmt (cp_build_unary_op (PREDECREMENT_EXPR
, iterator
, 0,
3078 const_init
= build_constructor (atype
, new_vec
);
3079 else if (do_static_init
&& saw_const
)
3080 DECL_INITIAL (obase
) = build_constructor (atype
, new_vec
);
3082 VEC_free (constructor_elt
, gc
, new_vec
);
3085 /* Clear out INIT so that we don't get confused below. */
3088 else if (from_array
)
3091 /* OK, we set base2 above. */;
3092 else if (TYPE_LANG_SPECIFIC (type
)
3093 && TYPE_NEEDS_CONSTRUCTING (type
)
3094 && ! TYPE_HAS_DEFAULT_CONSTRUCTOR (type
))
3096 if (complain
& tf_error
)
3097 error ("initializer ends prematurely");
3098 return error_mark_node
;
3102 /* Now, default-initialize any remaining elements. We don't need to
3103 do that if a) the type does not need constructing, or b) we've
3104 already initialized all the elements.
3106 We do need to keep going if we're copying an array. */
3109 || ((TYPE_NEEDS_CONSTRUCTING (type
) || explicit_value_init_p
)
3110 && ! (host_integerp (maxindex
, 0)
3111 && (num_initialized_elts
3112 == tree_low_cst (maxindex
, 0) + 1))))
3114 /* If the ITERATOR is equal to -1, then we don't have to loop;
3115 we've already initialized all the elements. */
3120 for_stmt
= begin_for_stmt ();
3121 finish_for_init_stmt (for_stmt
);
3122 finish_for_cond (build2 (NE_EXPR
, boolean_type_node
, iterator
,
3123 build_int_cst (TREE_TYPE (iterator
), -1)),
3125 finish_for_expr (cp_build_unary_op (PREDECREMENT_EXPR
, iterator
, 0,
3129 to
= build1 (INDIRECT_REF
, type
, base
);
3137 from
= build1 (INDIRECT_REF
, itype
, base2
);
3144 if (from_array
== 2)
3145 elt_init
= cp_build_modify_expr (to
, NOP_EXPR
, from
,
3147 else if (TYPE_NEEDS_CONSTRUCTING (type
))
3148 elt_init
= build_aggr_init (to
, from
, 0, complain
);
3150 elt_init
= cp_build_modify_expr (to
, NOP_EXPR
, from
,
3155 else if (TREE_CODE (type
) == ARRAY_TYPE
)
3159 ("cannot initialize multi-dimensional array with initializer");
3160 elt_init
= build_vec_init (build1 (INDIRECT_REF
, type
, base
),
3162 explicit_value_init_p
,
3165 else if (explicit_value_init_p
)
3167 elt_init
= build_value_init (type
, complain
);
3168 if (elt_init
== error_mark_node
)
3169 return error_mark_node
;
3171 elt_init
= build2 (INIT_EXPR
, type
, to
, elt_init
);
3175 gcc_assert (TYPE_NEEDS_CONSTRUCTING (type
));
3176 elt_init
= build_aggr_init (to
, init
, 0, complain
);
3179 current_stmt_tree ()->stmts_are_full_exprs_p
= 1;
3180 finish_expr_stmt (elt_init
);
3181 current_stmt_tree ()->stmts_are_full_exprs_p
= 0;
3183 finish_expr_stmt (cp_build_unary_op (PREINCREMENT_EXPR
, base
, 0,
3186 finish_expr_stmt (cp_build_unary_op (PREINCREMENT_EXPR
, base2
, 0,
3189 finish_for_stmt (for_stmt
);
3192 /* Make sure to cleanup any partially constructed elements. */
3193 if (flag_exceptions
&& TYPE_HAS_NONTRIVIAL_DESTRUCTOR (type
)
3197 tree m
= cp_build_binary_op (input_location
,
3198 MINUS_EXPR
, maxindex
, iterator
,
3201 /* Flatten multi-dimensional array since build_vec_delete only
3202 expects one-dimensional array. */
3203 if (TREE_CODE (type
) == ARRAY_TYPE
)
3204 m
= cp_build_binary_op (input_location
,
3206 array_type_nelts_total (type
),
3209 finish_cleanup_try_block (try_block
);
3210 e
= build_vec_delete_1 (rval
, m
,
3211 inner_elt_type
, sfk_base_destructor
,
3212 /*use_global_delete=*/0);
3213 finish_cleanup (e
, try_block
);
3216 /* The value of the array initialization is the array itself, RVAL
3217 is a pointer to the first element. */
3218 finish_stmt_expr_expr (rval
, stmt_expr
);
3220 stmt_expr
= finish_init_stmts (is_global
, stmt_expr
, compound_stmt
);
3222 /* Now make the result have the correct type. */
3223 if (TREE_CODE (atype
) == ARRAY_TYPE
)
3225 atype
= build_pointer_type (atype
);
3226 stmt_expr
= build1 (NOP_EXPR
, atype
, stmt_expr
);
3227 stmt_expr
= cp_build_indirect_ref (stmt_expr
, RO_NULL
, complain
);
3228 TREE_NO_WARNING (stmt_expr
) = 1;
3231 current_stmt_tree ()->stmts_are_full_exprs_p
= destroy_temps
;
3234 return build2 (INIT_EXPR
, atype
, obase
, const_init
);
3238 /* Call the DTOR_KIND destructor for EXP. FLAGS are as for
3242 build_dtor_call (tree exp
, special_function_kind dtor_kind
, int flags
)
3248 case sfk_complete_destructor
:
3249 name
= complete_dtor_identifier
;
3252 case sfk_base_destructor
:
3253 name
= base_dtor_identifier
;
3256 case sfk_deleting_destructor
:
3257 name
= deleting_dtor_identifier
;
3263 fn
= lookup_fnfields (TREE_TYPE (exp
), name
, /*protect=*/2);
3264 return build_new_method_call (exp
, fn
,
3266 /*conversion_path=*/NULL_TREE
,
3269 tf_warning_or_error
);
3272 /* Generate a call to a destructor. TYPE is the type to cast ADDR to.
3273 ADDR is an expression which yields the store to be destroyed.
3274 AUTO_DELETE is the name of the destructor to call, i.e., either
3275 sfk_complete_destructor, sfk_base_destructor, or
3276 sfk_deleting_destructor.
3278 FLAGS is the logical disjunction of zero or more LOOKUP_
3279 flags. See cp-tree.h for more info. */
3282 build_delete (tree type
, tree addr
, special_function_kind auto_delete
,
3283 int flags
, int use_global_delete
)
3287 if (addr
== error_mark_node
)
3288 return error_mark_node
;
3290 /* Can happen when CURRENT_EXCEPTION_OBJECT gets its type
3291 set to `error_mark_node' before it gets properly cleaned up. */
3292 if (type
== error_mark_node
)
3293 return error_mark_node
;
3295 type
= TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (type
);
3297 addr
= mark_rvalue_use (addr
);
3299 if (TREE_CODE (type
) == POINTER_TYPE
)
3301 bool complete_p
= true;
3303 type
= TYPE_MAIN_VARIANT (TREE_TYPE (type
));
3304 if (TREE_CODE (type
) == ARRAY_TYPE
)
3307 /* We don't want to warn about delete of void*, only other
3308 incomplete types. Deleting other incomplete types
3309 invokes undefined behavior, but it is not ill-formed, so
3310 compile to something that would even do The Right Thing
3311 (TM) should the type have a trivial dtor and no delete
3313 if (!VOID_TYPE_P (type
))
3315 complete_type (type
);
3316 if (!COMPLETE_TYPE_P (type
))
3318 if (warning (0, "possible problem detected in invocation of "
3319 "delete operator:"))
3321 cxx_incomplete_type_diagnostic (addr
, type
, DK_WARNING
);
3322 inform (input_location
, "neither the destructor nor the class-specific "
3323 "operator delete will be called, even if they are "
3324 "declared when the class is defined");
3329 if (VOID_TYPE_P (type
) || !complete_p
|| !MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (type
))
3330 /* Call the builtin operator delete. */
3331 return build_builtin_delete_call (addr
);
3332 if (TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (addr
))
3333 addr
= save_expr (addr
);
3335 /* Throw away const and volatile on target type of addr. */
3336 addr
= convert_force (build_pointer_type (type
), addr
, 0);
3338 else if (TREE_CODE (type
) == ARRAY_TYPE
)
3342 if (TYPE_DOMAIN (type
) == NULL_TREE
)
3344 error ("unknown array size in delete");
3345 return error_mark_node
;
3347 return build_vec_delete (addr
, array_type_nelts (type
),
3348 auto_delete
, use_global_delete
);
3352 /* Don't check PROTECT here; leave that decision to the
3353 destructor. If the destructor is accessible, call it,
3354 else report error. */
3355 addr
= cp_build_addr_expr (addr
, tf_warning_or_error
);
3356 if (TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (addr
))
3357 addr
= save_expr (addr
);
3359 addr
= convert_force (build_pointer_type (type
), addr
, 0);
3362 gcc_assert (MAYBE_CLASS_TYPE_P (type
));
3364 if (TYPE_HAS_TRIVIAL_DESTRUCTOR (type
))
3366 if (auto_delete
!= sfk_deleting_destructor
)
3367 return void_zero_node
;
3369 return build_op_delete_call (DELETE_EXPR
, addr
,
3370 cxx_sizeof_nowarn (type
),
3372 /*placement=*/NULL_TREE
,
3373 /*alloc_fn=*/NULL_TREE
);
3377 tree head
= NULL_TREE
;
3378 tree do_delete
= NULL_TREE
;
3381 if (CLASSTYPE_LAZY_DESTRUCTOR (type
))
3382 lazily_declare_fn (sfk_destructor
, type
);
3384 /* For `::delete x', we must not use the deleting destructor
3385 since then we would not be sure to get the global `operator
3387 if (use_global_delete
&& auto_delete
== sfk_deleting_destructor
)
3389 /* We will use ADDR multiple times so we must save it. */
3390 addr
= save_expr (addr
);
3391 head
= get_target_expr (build_headof (addr
));
3392 /* Delete the object. */
3393 do_delete
= build_builtin_delete_call (head
);
3394 /* Otherwise, treat this like a complete object destructor
3396 auto_delete
= sfk_complete_destructor
;
3398 /* If the destructor is non-virtual, there is no deleting
3399 variant. Instead, we must explicitly call the appropriate
3400 `operator delete' here. */
3401 else if (!DECL_VIRTUAL_P (CLASSTYPE_DESTRUCTORS (type
))
3402 && auto_delete
== sfk_deleting_destructor
)
3404 /* We will use ADDR multiple times so we must save it. */
3405 addr
= save_expr (addr
);
3406 /* Build the call. */
3407 do_delete
= build_op_delete_call (DELETE_EXPR
,
3409 cxx_sizeof_nowarn (type
),
3411 /*placement=*/NULL_TREE
,
3412 /*alloc_fn=*/NULL_TREE
);
3413 /* Call the complete object destructor. */
3414 auto_delete
= sfk_complete_destructor
;
3416 else if (auto_delete
== sfk_deleting_destructor
3417 && TYPE_GETS_REG_DELETE (type
))
3419 /* Make sure we have access to the member op delete, even though
3420 we'll actually be calling it from the destructor. */
3421 build_op_delete_call (DELETE_EXPR
, addr
, cxx_sizeof_nowarn (type
),
3423 /*placement=*/NULL_TREE
,
3424 /*alloc_fn=*/NULL_TREE
);
3427 expr
= build_dtor_call (cp_build_indirect_ref (addr
, RO_NULL
,
3428 tf_warning_or_error
),
3429 auto_delete
, flags
);
3431 expr
= build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR
, void_type_node
, expr
, do_delete
);
3433 /* We need to calculate this before the dtor changes the vptr. */
3435 expr
= build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR
, void_type_node
, head
, expr
);
3437 if (flags
& LOOKUP_DESTRUCTOR
)
3438 /* Explicit destructor call; don't check for null pointer. */
3439 ifexp
= integer_one_node
;
3441 /* Handle deleting a null pointer. */
3442 ifexp
= fold (cp_build_binary_op (input_location
,
3443 NE_EXPR
, addr
, integer_zero_node
,
3444 tf_warning_or_error
));
3446 if (ifexp
!= integer_one_node
)
3447 expr
= build3 (COND_EXPR
, void_type_node
,
3448 ifexp
, expr
, void_zero_node
);
3454 /* At the beginning of a destructor, push cleanups that will call the
3455 destructors for our base classes and members.
3457 Called from begin_destructor_body. */
3460 push_base_cleanups (void)
3462 tree binfo
, base_binfo
;
3466 VEC(tree
,gc
) *vbases
;
3468 /* Run destructors for all virtual baseclasses. */
3469 if (CLASSTYPE_VBASECLASSES (current_class_type
))
3471 tree cond
= (condition_conversion
3472 (build2 (BIT_AND_EXPR
, integer_type_node
,
3473 current_in_charge_parm
,
3474 integer_two_node
)));
3476 /* The CLASSTYPE_VBASECLASSES vector is in initialization
3477 order, which is also the right order for pushing cleanups. */
3478 for (vbases
= CLASSTYPE_VBASECLASSES (current_class_type
), i
= 0;
3479 VEC_iterate (tree
, vbases
, i
, base_binfo
); i
++)
3481 if (TYPE_HAS_NONTRIVIAL_DESTRUCTOR (BINFO_TYPE (base_binfo
)))
3483 expr
= build_special_member_call (current_class_ref
,
3484 base_dtor_identifier
,
3488 | LOOKUP_NONVIRTUAL
),
3489 tf_warning_or_error
);
3490 expr
= build3 (COND_EXPR
, void_type_node
, cond
,
3491 expr
, void_zero_node
);
3492 finish_decl_cleanup (NULL_TREE
, expr
);
3497 /* Take care of the remaining baseclasses. */
3498 for (binfo
= TYPE_BINFO (current_class_type
), i
= 0;
3499 BINFO_BASE_ITERATE (binfo
, i
, base_binfo
); i
++)
3501 if (TYPE_HAS_TRIVIAL_DESTRUCTOR (BINFO_TYPE (base_binfo
))
3502 || BINFO_VIRTUAL_P (base_binfo
))
3505 expr
= build_special_member_call (current_class_ref
,
3506 base_dtor_identifier
,
3508 LOOKUP_NORMAL
| LOOKUP_NONVIRTUAL
,
3509 tf_warning_or_error
);
3510 finish_decl_cleanup (NULL_TREE
, expr
);
3513 /* Don't automatically destroy union members. */
3514 if (TREE_CODE (current_class_type
) == UNION_TYPE
)
3517 for (member
= TYPE_FIELDS (current_class_type
); member
;
3518 member
= DECL_CHAIN (member
))
3520 tree this_type
= TREE_TYPE (member
);
3521 if (this_type
== error_mark_node
3522 || TREE_CODE (member
) != FIELD_DECL
3523 || DECL_ARTIFICIAL (member
))
3525 if (ANON_UNION_TYPE_P (this_type
))
3527 if (TYPE_HAS_NONTRIVIAL_DESTRUCTOR (this_type
))
3529 tree this_member
= (build_class_member_access_expr
3530 (current_class_ref
, member
,
3531 /*access_path=*/NULL_TREE
,
3532 /*preserve_reference=*/false,
3533 tf_warning_or_error
));
3534 expr
= build_delete (this_type
, this_member
,
3535 sfk_complete_destructor
,
3536 LOOKUP_NONVIRTUAL
|LOOKUP_DESTRUCTOR
|LOOKUP_NORMAL
,
3538 finish_decl_cleanup (NULL_TREE
, expr
);
3543 /* Build a C++ vector delete expression.
3544 MAXINDEX is the number of elements to be deleted.
3545 ELT_SIZE is the nominal size of each element in the vector.
3546 BASE is the expression that should yield the store to be deleted.
3547 This function expands (or synthesizes) these calls itself.
3548 AUTO_DELETE_VEC says whether the container (vector) should be deallocated.
3550 This also calls delete for virtual baseclasses of elements of the vector.
3552 Update: MAXINDEX is no longer needed. The size can be extracted from the
3553 start of the vector for pointers, and from the type for arrays. We still
3554 use MAXINDEX for arrays because it happens to already have one of the
3555 values we'd have to extract. (We could use MAXINDEX with pointers to
3556 confirm the size, and trap if the numbers differ; not clear that it'd
3557 be worth bothering.) */
3560 build_vec_delete (tree base
, tree maxindex
,
3561 special_function_kind auto_delete_vec
, int use_global_delete
)
3565 tree base_init
= NULL_TREE
;
3567 type
= TREE_TYPE (base
);
3569 if (TREE_CODE (type
) == POINTER_TYPE
)
3571 /* Step back one from start of vector, and read dimension. */
3573 tree size_ptr_type
= build_pointer_type (sizetype
);
3575 if (TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (base
))
3577 base_init
= get_target_expr (base
);
3578 base
= TARGET_EXPR_SLOT (base_init
);
3580 type
= strip_array_types (TREE_TYPE (type
));
3581 cookie_addr
= fold_build1_loc (input_location
, NEGATE_EXPR
,
3582 sizetype
, TYPE_SIZE_UNIT (sizetype
));
3583 cookie_addr
= build2 (POINTER_PLUS_EXPR
,
3585 fold_convert (size_ptr_type
, base
),
3587 maxindex
= cp_build_indirect_ref (cookie_addr
, RO_NULL
, tf_warning_or_error
);
3589 else if (TREE_CODE (type
) == ARRAY_TYPE
)
3591 /* Get the total number of things in the array, maxindex is a
3593 maxindex
= array_type_nelts_total (type
);
3594 type
= strip_array_types (type
);
3595 base
= cp_build_addr_expr (base
, tf_warning_or_error
);
3596 if (TREE_SIDE_EFFECTS (base
))
3598 base_init
= get_target_expr (base
);
3599 base
= TARGET_EXPR_SLOT (base_init
);
3604 if (base
!= error_mark_node
)
3605 error ("type to vector delete is neither pointer or array type");
3606 return error_mark_node
;
3609 rval
= build_vec_delete_1 (base
, maxindex
, type
, auto_delete_vec
,
3612 rval
= build2 (COMPOUND_EXPR
, TREE_TYPE (rval
), base_init
, rval
);