libjava/posix-threads.cc

   1 // posix-threads.cc - interface between libjava and POSIX threads.
   2
   3 /* Copyright (C) 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2004  Free Software Foundation
   4
   5    This file is part of libgcj.
   6
   7 This software is copyrighted work licensed under the terms of the
   8 Libgcj License.  Please consult the file "LIBGCJ_LICENSE" for
   9 details.  */
  10
  11 // TO DO:
  12 // * Document signal handling limitations
  13
  14 #include <config.h>
  15
  16 // If we're using the Boehm GC, then we need to override some of the
  17 // thread primitives.  This is fairly gross.
  18 #ifdef HAVE_BOEHM_GC
  19 #include <gc.h>
  20 #endif /* HAVE_BOEHM_GC */
  21
  22 #include <stdlib.h>
  23 #include <time.h>
  24 #include <signal.h>
  25 #include <errno.h>
  26 #include <limits.h>
  27 #ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
  28 #include <unistd.h>     // To test for _POSIX_THREAD_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING
  29 #endif
  30
  31 #include <gcj/cni.h>
  32 #include <jvm.h>
  33 #include <java/lang/Thread.h>
  34 #include <java/lang/System.h>
  35 #include <java/lang/Long.h>
  36 #include <java/lang/OutOfMemoryError.h>
  37 #include <java/lang/InternalError.h>
  38
  39 // This is used to implement thread startup.
  40 struct starter
  41 {
  42   _Jv_ThreadStartFunc *method;
  43   _Jv_Thread_t *data;
  44 };
  45
  46 // This is the key used to map from the POSIX thread value back to the
  47 // Java object representing the thread.  The key is global to all
  48 // threads, so it is ok to make it a global here.
  49 pthread_key_t _Jv_ThreadKey;
  50
  51 // This is the key used to map from the POSIX thread value back to the
  52 // _Jv_Thread_t* representing the thread.
  53 pthread_key_t _Jv_ThreadDataKey;
  54
  55 // We keep a count of all non-daemon threads which are running.  When
  56 // this reaches zero, _Jv_ThreadWait returns.
  57 static pthread_mutex_t daemon_mutex;
  58 static pthread_cond_t daemon_cond;
  59 static int non_daemon_count;
  60
  61 // The signal to use when interrupting a thread.
  62 #if defined(LINUX_THREADS) || defined(FREEBSD_THREADS)
  63   // LinuxThreads (prior to glibc 2.1) usurps both SIGUSR1 and SIGUSR2.
  64   // GC on FreeBSD uses both SIGUSR1 and SIGUSR2.
  65 #  define INTR SIGHUP
  66 #else /* LINUX_THREADS */
  67 #  define INTR SIGUSR2
  68 #endif /* LINUX_THREADS */
  69
  70 //
  71 // These are the flags that can appear in _Jv_Thread_t.
  72 //
  73
  74 // Thread started.
  75 #define FLAG_START   0x01
  76 // Thread is daemon.
  77 #define FLAG_DAEMON  0x02
  78
  79 \f
  80
  81 // Wait for the condition variable "CV" to be notified.
  82 // Return values:
  83 // 0: the condition was notified, or the timeout expired.
  84 // _JV_NOT_OWNER: the thread does not own the mutex "MU".
  85 // _JV_INTERRUPTED: the thread was interrupted. Its interrupted flag is set.
  86 int
  87 _Jv_CondWait (_Jv_ConditionVariable_t *cv, _Jv_Mutex_t *mu,
  88               jlong millis, jint nanos)
  89 {
  90   pthread_t self = pthread_self();
  91   if (mu->owner != self)
  92     return _JV_NOT_OWNER;
  93
  94   struct timespec ts;
  95
  96   if (millis > 0 || nanos > 0)
  97     {
  98       // Calculate the abstime corresponding to the timeout.
  99       // Everything is in milliseconds.
 100       //
 101       // We use `unsigned long long' rather than jlong because our
 102       // caller may pass up to Long.MAX_VALUE millis.  This would
 103       // overflow the range of a jlong when added to the current time.
 104
 105       unsigned long long startTime
 106         = (unsigned long long)java::lang::System::currentTimeMillis();
 107       unsigned long long m = (unsigned long long)millis + startTime;
 108       unsigned long long seconds = m / 1000;
 109
 110       ts.tv_sec = seconds;
 111       if (ts.tv_sec < 0 || (unsigned long long)ts.tv_sec != seconds)
 112         {
 113           // We treat a timeout that won't fit into a struct timespec
 114           // as a wait forever.
 115           millis = nanos = 0;
 116         }
 117       else
 118         {
 119           m %= 1000;
 120           ts.tv_nsec = m * 1000000 + (unsigned long long)nanos;
 121         }
 122     }
 123
 124   _Jv_Thread_t *current = _Jv_ThreadCurrentData ();
 125   java::lang::Thread *current_obj = _Jv_ThreadCurrent ();
 126
 127   pthread_mutex_lock (&current->wait_mutex);
 128
 129   // Now that we hold the wait mutex, check if this thread has been
 130   // interrupted already.
 131   if (current_obj->interrupt_flag)
 132     {
 133       pthread_mutex_unlock (&current->wait_mutex);
 134       return _JV_INTERRUPTED;
 135     }
 136
 137   // Add this thread to the cv's wait set.
 138   current->next = NULL;
 139
 140   if (cv->first == NULL)
 141     cv->first = current;
 142   else
 143     for (_Jv_Thread_t *t = cv->first;; t = t->next)
 144       {
 145         if (t->next == NULL)
 146           {
 147             t->next = current;
 148             break;
 149           }
 150       }
 151
 152   // Record the current lock depth, so it can be restored when we re-aquire it.
 153   int count = mu->count;
 154
 155   // Release the monitor mutex.
 156   mu->count = 0;
 157   mu->owner = 0;
 158   pthread_mutex_unlock (&mu->mutex);
 159
 160   int r = 0;
 161   bool done_sleeping = false;
 162
 163   while (! done_sleeping)
 164     {
 165       if (millis == 0 && nanos == 0)
 166         r = pthread_cond_wait (&current->wait_cond, &current->wait_mutex);
 167       else
 168         r = pthread_cond_timedwait (&current->wait_cond, &current->wait_mutex,
 169                                     &ts);
 170
 171       // In older glibc's (prior to 2.1.3), the cond_wait functions may
 172       // spuriously wake up on a signal. Catch that here.
 173       if (r != EINTR)
 174         done_sleeping = true;
 175     }
 176
 177   // Check for an interrupt *before* releasing the wait mutex.
 178   jboolean interrupted = current_obj->interrupt_flag;
 179
 180   pthread_mutex_unlock (&current->wait_mutex);
 181
 182   //  Reaquire the monitor mutex, and restore the lock count.
 183   pthread_mutex_lock (&mu->mutex);
 184   mu->owner = self;
 185   mu->count = count;
 186
 187   // If we were interrupted, or if a timeout occurred, remove ourself from
 188   // the cv wait list now. (If we were notified normally, notify() will have
 189   // already taken care of this)
 190   if (r == ETIMEDOUT || interrupted)
 191     {
 192       _Jv_Thread_t *prev = NULL;
 193       for (_Jv_Thread_t *t = cv->first; t != NULL; t = t->next)
 194         {
 195           if (t == current)
 196             {
 197               if (prev != NULL)
 198                 prev->next = t->next;
 199               else
 200                 cv->first = t->next;
 201               t->next = NULL;
 202               break;
 203             }
 204           prev = t;
 205         }
 206       if (interrupted)
 207         return _JV_INTERRUPTED;
 208     }
 209
 210   return 0;
 211 }
 212
 213 int
 214 _Jv_CondNotify (_Jv_ConditionVariable_t *cv, _Jv_Mutex_t *mu)
 215 {
 216   if (_Jv_MutexCheckMonitor (mu))
 217     return _JV_NOT_OWNER;
 218
 219   _Jv_Thread_t *target;
 220   _Jv_Thread_t *prev = NULL;
 221
 222   for (target = cv->first; target != NULL; target = target->next)
 223     {
 224       pthread_mutex_lock (&target->wait_mutex);
 225
 226       if (target->thread_obj->interrupt_flag)
 227         {
 228           // Don't notify a thread that has already been interrupted.
 229           pthread_mutex_unlock (&target->wait_mutex);
 230           prev = target;
 231           continue;
 232         }
 233
 234       pthread_cond_signal (&target->wait_cond);
 235       pthread_mutex_unlock (&target->wait_mutex);
 236
 237       // Two concurrent notify() calls must not be delivered to the same
 238       // thread, so remove the target thread from the cv wait list now.
 239       if (prev == NULL)
 240         cv->first = target->next;
 241       else
 242         prev->next = target->next;
 243
 244       target->next = NULL;
 245
 246       break;
 247     }
 248
 249   return 0;
 250 }
 251
 252 int
 253 _Jv_CondNotifyAll (_Jv_ConditionVariable_t *cv, _Jv_Mutex_t *mu)
 254 {
 255   if (_Jv_MutexCheckMonitor (mu))
 256     return _JV_NOT_OWNER;
 257
 258   _Jv_Thread_t *target;
 259   _Jv_Thread_t *prev = NULL;
 260
 261   for (target = cv->first; target != NULL; target = target->next)
 262     {
 263       pthread_mutex_lock (&target->wait_mutex);
 264       pthread_cond_signal (&target->wait_cond);
 265       pthread_mutex_unlock (&target->wait_mutex);
 266
 267       if (prev != NULL)
 268         prev->next = NULL;
 269       prev = target;
 270     }
 271   if (prev != NULL)
 272     prev->next = NULL;
 273
 274   cv->first = NULL;
 275
 276   return 0;
 277 }
 278
 279 void
 280 _Jv_ThreadInterrupt (_Jv_Thread_t *data)
 281 {
 282   pthread_mutex_lock (&data->wait_mutex);
 283
 284   // Set the thread's interrupted flag *after* aquiring its wait_mutex. This
 285   // ensures that there are no races with the interrupt flag being set after
 286   // the waiting thread checks it and before pthread_cond_wait is entered.
 287   data->thread_obj->interrupt_flag = true;
 288
 289   // Interrupt blocking system calls using a signal.
 290   pthread_kill (data->thread, INTR);
 291
 292   pthread_cond_signal (&data->wait_cond);
 293
 294   pthread_mutex_unlock (&data->wait_mutex);
 295 }
 296
 297 static void
 298 handle_intr (int)
 299 {
 300   // Do nothing.
 301 }
 302
 303 static void
 304 block_sigchld()
 305 {
 306   sigset_t mask;
 307   sigemptyset (&mask);
 308   sigaddset (&mask, SIGCHLD);
 309   int c = pthread_sigmask (SIG_BLOCK, &mask, NULL);
 310   if (c != 0)
 311     JvFail (strerror (c));
 312 }
 313
 314 void
 315 _Jv_InitThreads (void)
 316 {
 317   pthread_key_create (&_Jv_ThreadKey, NULL);
 318   pthread_key_create (&_Jv_ThreadDataKey, NULL);
 319   pthread_mutex_init (&daemon_mutex, NULL);
 320   pthread_cond_init (&daemon_cond, 0);
 321   non_daemon_count = 0;
 322
 323   // Arrange for the interrupt signal to interrupt system calls.
 324   struct sigaction act;
 325   act.sa_handler = handle_intr;
 326   sigemptyset (&act.sa_mask);
 327   act.sa_flags = 0;
 328   sigaction (INTR, &act, NULL);
 329
 330   // Block SIGCHLD here to ensure that any non-Java threads inherit the new
 331   // signal mask.
 332   block_sigchld();
 333
 334   // Check/set the thread stack size.
 335   size_t min_ss = 32 * 1024;
 336
 337   if (sizeof (void *) == 8)
 338     // Bigger default on 64-bit systems.
 339     min_ss *= 2;
 340
 341   if (min_ss < PTHREAD_STACK_MIN)
 342     min_ss = PTHREAD_STACK_MIN;
 343
 344   if (gcj::stack_size > 0 && gcj::stack_size < min_ss)
 345     gcj::stack_size = min_ss;
 346 }
 347
 348 _Jv_Thread_t *
 349 _Jv_ThreadInitData (java::lang::Thread *obj)
 350 {
 351   _Jv_Thread_t *data = (_Jv_Thread_t *) _Jv_Malloc (sizeof (_Jv_Thread_t));
 352   data->flags = 0;
 353   data->thread_obj = obj;
 354
 355   pthread_mutex_init (&data->wait_mutex, NULL);
 356   pthread_cond_init (&data->wait_cond, NULL);
 357
 358   return data;
 359 }
 360
 361 void
 362 _Jv_ThreadDestroyData (_Jv_Thread_t *data)
 363 {
 364   pthread_mutex_destroy (&data->wait_mutex);
 365   pthread_cond_destroy (&data->wait_cond);
 366   _Jv_Free ((void *)data);
 367 }
 368
 369 void
 370 _Jv_ThreadSetPriority (_Jv_Thread_t *data, jint prio)
 371 {
 372 #ifdef _POSIX_THREAD_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING
 373   if (data->flags & FLAG_START)
 374     {
 375       struct sched_param param;
 376
 377       param.sched_priority = prio;
 378       pthread_setschedparam (data->thread, SCHED_OTHER, &param);
 379     }
 380 #endif
 381 }
 382
 383 void
 384 _Jv_ThreadRegister (_Jv_Thread_t *data)
 385 {
 386   pthread_setspecific (_Jv_ThreadKey, data->thread_obj);
 387   pthread_setspecific (_Jv_ThreadDataKey, data);
 388
 389   // glibc 2.1.3 doesn't set the value of `thread' until after start_routine
 390   // is called. Since it may need to be accessed from the new thread, work
 391   // around the potential race here by explicitly setting it again.
 392   data->thread = pthread_self ();
 393
 394 # ifdef SLOW_PTHREAD_SELF
 395     // Clear all self cache slots that might be needed by this thread.
 396     int dummy;
 397     int low_index = SC_INDEX(&dummy) + SC_CLEAR_MIN;
 398     int high_index = SC_INDEX(&dummy) + SC_CLEAR_MAX;
 399     for (int i = low_index; i <= high_index; ++i)
 400       {
 401         int current_index = i;
 402         if (current_index < 0)
 403           current_index += SELF_CACHE_SIZE;
 404         if (current_index >= SELF_CACHE_SIZE)
 405           current_index -= SELF_CACHE_SIZE;
 406         _Jv_self_cache[current_index].high_sp_bits = BAD_HIGH_SP_VALUE;
 407       }
 408 # endif
 409   // Block SIGCHLD which is used in natPosixProcess.cc.
 410   block_sigchld();
 411 }
 412
 413 void
 414 _Jv_ThreadUnRegister ()
 415 {
 416   pthread_setspecific (_Jv_ThreadKey, NULL);
 417   pthread_setspecific (_Jv_ThreadDataKey, NULL);
 418 }
 419
 420 // This function is called when a thread is started.  We don't arrange
 421 // to call the `run' method directly, because this function must
 422 // return a value.
 423 static void *
 424 really_start (void *x)
 425 {
 426   struct starter *info = (struct starter *) x;
 427
 428   _Jv_ThreadRegister (info->data);
 429
 430   info->method (info->data->thread_obj);
 431
 432   if (! (info->data->flags & FLAG_DAEMON))
 433     {
 434       pthread_mutex_lock (&daemon_mutex);
 435       --non_daemon_count;
 436       if (! non_daemon_count)
 437         pthread_cond_signal (&daemon_cond);
 438       pthread_mutex_unlock (&daemon_mutex);
 439     }
 440
 441   return NULL;
 442 }
 443
 444 void
 445 _Jv_ThreadStart (java::lang::Thread *thread, _Jv_Thread_t *data,
 446                  _Jv_ThreadStartFunc *meth)
 447 {
 448   struct sched_param param;
 449   pthread_attr_t attr;
 450   struct starter *info;
 451
 452   if (data->flags & FLAG_START)
 453     return;
 454   data->flags |= FLAG_START;
 455
 456   // Block SIGCHLD which is used in natPosixProcess.cc.
 457   // The current mask is inherited by the child thread.
 458   block_sigchld();
 459
 460   param.sched_priority = thread->getPriority();
 461
 462   pthread_attr_init (&attr);
 463   pthread_attr_setschedparam (&attr, &param);
 464   pthread_attr_setdetachstate (&attr, PTHREAD_CREATE_DETACHED);
 465
 466   // Set stack size if -Xss option was given.
 467   if (gcj::stack_size > 0)
 468     {
 469       int e = pthread_attr_setstacksize (&attr, gcj::stack_size);
 470       if (e != 0)
 471         JvFail (strerror (e));
 472     }
 473
 474   info = (struct starter *) _Jv_AllocBytes (sizeof (struct starter));
 475   info->method = meth;
 476   info->data = data;
 477
 478   if (! thread->isDaemon())
 479     {
 480       pthread_mutex_lock (&daemon_mutex);
 481       ++non_daemon_count;
 482       pthread_mutex_unlock (&daemon_mutex);
 483     }
 484   else
 485     data->flags |= FLAG_DAEMON;
 486   int r = pthread_create (&data->thread, &attr, really_start, (void *) info);
 487
 488   pthread_attr_destroy (&attr);
 489
 490   if (r)
 491     {
 492       const char* msg = "Cannot create additional threads";
 493       throw new java::lang::OutOfMemoryError (JvNewStringUTF (msg));
 494     }
 495 }
 496
 497 void
 498 _Jv_ThreadWait (void)
 499 {
 500   pthread_mutex_lock (&daemon_mutex);
 501   if (non_daemon_count)
 502     pthread_cond_wait (&daemon_cond, &daemon_mutex);
 503   pthread_mutex_unlock (&daemon_mutex);
 504 }
 505
 506 #if defined(SLOW_PTHREAD_SELF)
 507
 508 #include "sysdep/locks.h"
 509
 510 // Support for pthread_self() lookup cache.
 511 volatile self_cache_entry _Jv_self_cache[SELF_CACHE_SIZE];
 512
 513 _Jv_ThreadId_t
 514 _Jv_ThreadSelf_out_of_line(volatile self_cache_entry *sce, size_t high_sp_bits)
 515 {
 516   pthread_t self = pthread_self();
 517   sce -> high_sp_bits = high_sp_bits;
 518   write_barrier();
 519   sce -> self = self;
 520   return self;
 521 }
 522
 523 #endif /* SLOW_PTHREAD_SELF */