gcc/ada/vxaddr2line.adb

   1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   2 --                                                                          --
   3 --                         GNAT COMPILER COMPONENTS                         --
   4 --                                                                          --
   5 --                           V X A D D R 2 L I N E                          --
   6 --                                                                          --
   7 --                                 B o d y                                  --
   8 --                                                                          --
   9 --                     Copyright (C) 2002-2011, AdaCore                     --
  10 --                                                                          --
  11 -- GNAT is free software;  you can  redistribute it  and/or modify it under --
  12 -- terms of the  GNU General Public License as published  by the Free Soft- --
  13 -- ware  Foundation;  either version 3,  or (at your option) any later ver- --
  14 -- sion.  GNAT is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITH- --
  15 -- OUT ANY WARRANTY;  without even the  implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY --
  16 -- or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License --
  17 -- for  more details.  You should have  received  a copy of the GNU General --
  18 -- Public License  distributed with GNAT; see file COPYING3.  If not, go to --
  19 -- http://www.gnu.org/licenses for a complete copy of the license.          --
  20 --                                                                          --
  21 -- GNAT was originally developed  by the GNAT team at  New York University. --
  22 -- Extensive contributions were provided by Ada Core Technologies Inc.      --
  23 --                                                                          --
  24 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  25
  26 --  This program is meant to be used with vxworks to compute symbolic
  27 --  backtraces on the host from non-symbolic backtraces obtained on the target.
  28
  29 --  The basic idea is to automate the computation of the necessary address
  30 --  adjustments prior to calling addr2line when the application has only been
  31 --  partially linked on the host.
  32
  33 --  Variants for various targets are supported, and the command line should
  34 --  be like :
  35
  36 --  <target>-addr2line [-a <target_arch>] <exe_file> <ref_address>
  37 --                     <backtrace addresses>
  38
  39 --  Where:
  40 --  <target_arch> :
  41 --    selects the target architecture. In the absence of this parameter the
  42 --    default variant is chosen based on the Detect_Arch result. Generally,
  43 --    this parameter will only be used if vxaddr2line is recompiled manually.
  44 --    Otherwise, the command name will always be of the form
  45 --    <target>-vxaddr2line where there is no ambiguity on the target's
  46 --    architecture.
  47
  48 --  <exe_file> :
  49 --    The name of the partially linked binary file for the application.
  50
  51 --  <ref_address> :
  52 --    Runtime address (on the target) of a reference symbol you choose,
  53 --    which name shall match the value of the Ref_Symbol variable declared
  54 --    below. A symbol with a small offset from the beginning of the text
  55 --    segment is better, so "adainit" is a good choice.
  56
  57 --  <backtrace addresses> :
  58 --    The call chain addresses you obtained at run time on the target and
  59 --    for which you want a symbolic association.
  60
  61 --  TO ADD A NEW ARCHITECTURE add an appropriate value to Architecture type
  62 --  (in a format <host>_<target>), and then an appropriate value to Config_List
  63 --  array
  64
  65 with Ada.Text_IO;       use Ada.Text_IO;
  66 with Ada.Command_Line;  use Ada.Command_Line;
  67 with Ada.Strings.Fixed; use Ada.Strings.Fixed;
  68 with Interfaces;        use Interfaces;
  69
  70 with GNAT.OS_Lib;               use GNAT.OS_Lib;
  71 with GNAT.Directory_Operations; use GNAT.Directory_Operations;
  72 with GNAT.Expect;               use GNAT.Expect;
  73 with GNAT.Regpat;               use GNAT.Regpat;
  74
  75 procedure VxAddr2Line is
  76
  77    package Unsigned_32_IO is new Modular_IO (Unsigned_32);
  78    --  Instantiate Modular_IO to have Put
  79
  80    Ref_Symbol : constant String := "adainit";
  81    --  This is the name of the reference symbol which runtime address shall
  82    --  be provided as the <ref_address> argument.
  83
  84    --  All supported architectures
  85    type Architecture is
  86      (DEC_ALPHA,
  87       LINUX_E500V2,
  88       LINUX_I586,
  89       LINUX_POWERPC,
  90       WINDOWS_E500V2,
  91       WINDOWS_I586,
  92       WINDOWS_M68K,
  93       WINDOWS_POWERPC,
  94       SOLARIS_E500V2,
  95       SOLARIS_I586,
  96       SOLARIS_POWERPC);
  97
  98    type Arch_Record is record
  99       Addr2line_Binary : String_Access;
 100       --  Name of the addr2line utility to use
 101
 102       Nm_Binary : String_Access;
 103       --  Name of the host nm utility, which will be used to find out the
 104       --  offset of the reference symbol in the text segment of the partially
 105       --  linked executable.
 106
 107       Addr_Digits_To_Skip : Integer;
 108       --  When addresses such as 0xfffffc0001dfed50 are provided, for instance
 109       --  on ALPHA, indicate the number of leading digits that can be ignored,
 110       --  which will avoid computational overflows. Typically only useful when
 111       --  64bit addresses are provided.
 112
 113       Bt_Offset_From_Call : Unsigned_32;
 114       --  Offset from a backtrace address to the address of the corresponding
 115       --  call instruction. This should always be 0, except on platforms where
 116       --  the backtrace addresses actually correspond to return and not call
 117       --  points. In such cases, a negative value is most likely.
 118    end record;
 119
 120    --  Configuration for each of the architectures
 121    Arch_List : array (Architecture'Range) of Arch_Record :=
 122      (DEC_ALPHA =>
 123         (Addr2line_Binary    => null,
 124          Nm_Binary           => null,
 125          Addr_Digits_To_Skip => 8,
 126          Bt_Offset_From_Call => 0),
 127       LINUX_E500V2 =>
 128         (Addr2line_Binary    => null,
 129          Nm_Binary           => null,
 130          Addr_Digits_To_Skip => 0,
 131          Bt_Offset_From_Call => -4),
 132       LINUX_I586 =>
 133         (Addr2line_Binary    => null,
 134          Nm_Binary           => null,
 135          Addr_Digits_To_Skip => 0,
 136          Bt_Offset_From_Call => -2),
 137       LINUX_POWERPC =>
 138         (Addr2line_Binary    => null,
 139          Nm_Binary           => null,
 140          Addr_Digits_To_Skip => 0,
 141          Bt_Offset_From_Call => -4),
 142       SOLARIS_E500V2 =>
 143         (Addr2line_Binary    => null,
 144          Nm_Binary           => null,
 145          Addr_Digits_To_Skip => 0,
 146          Bt_Offset_From_Call => -4),
 147       SOLARIS_I586 =>
 148         (Addr2line_Binary    => null,
 149          Nm_Binary           => null,
 150          Addr_Digits_To_Skip => 0,
 151          Bt_Offset_From_Call => -2),
 152       SOLARIS_POWERPC =>
 153         (Addr2line_Binary    => null,
 154          Nm_Binary           => null,
 155          Addr_Digits_To_Skip => 0,
 156          Bt_Offset_From_Call => -4),
 157       WINDOWS_E500V2 =>
 158         (Addr2line_Binary    => null,
 159          Nm_Binary           => null,
 160          Addr_Digits_To_Skip => 0,
 161          Bt_Offset_From_Call => -4),
 162       WINDOWS_I586 =>
 163         (Addr2line_Binary    => null,
 164          Nm_Binary           => null,
 165          Addr_Digits_To_Skip => 0,
 166          Bt_Offset_From_Call => -2),
 167       WINDOWS_M68K =>
 168         (Addr2line_Binary    => null,
 169          Nm_Binary           => null,
 170          Addr_Digits_To_Skip => 0,
 171          Bt_Offset_From_Call => -4),
 172       WINDOWS_POWERPC =>
 173         (Addr2line_Binary    => null,
 174          Nm_Binary           => null,
 175          Addr_Digits_To_Skip => 0,
 176          Bt_Offset_From_Call => -4)
 177      );
 178
 179    --  Current architecture
 180    Cur_Arch : Architecture;
 181
 182    --  State of architecture detection
 183    Detect_Success : Boolean := False;
 184
 185    -----------------------
 186    -- Local subprograms --
 187    -----------------------
 188
 189    procedure Error (Msg : String);
 190    pragma No_Return (Error);
 191    --  Prints the message and then terminates the program
 192
 193    procedure Usage;
 194    --  Displays the short help message and then terminates the program
 195
 196    function Get_Reference_Offset return Unsigned_32;
 197    --  Computes the static offset of the reference symbol by calling nm
 198
 199    function Get_Value_From_Hex_Arg (Arg : Natural) return Unsigned_32;
 200    --  Threats the argument number Arg as a C-style hexadecimal literal
 201    --  and returns its integer value
 202
 203    function Hex_Image (Value : Unsigned_32) return String_Access;
 204    --  Returns access to a string that contains hexadecimal image of Value
 205
 206    --  Separate functions that provide build-time customization:
 207
 208    procedure Detect_Arch;
 209    --  Saves in Cur_Arch the current architecture, based on the name of
 210    --  vxaddr2line instance and properties of the host. Detect_Success is False
 211    --  if detection fails
 212
 213    -----------------
 214    -- Detect_Arch --
 215    -----------------
 216
 217    procedure Detect_Arch is
 218       Name   : constant String := Base_Name (Command_Name);
 219       Proc   : constant String :=
 220                  Name (Name'First .. Index (Name, "-") - 1);
 221       Target : constant String :=
 222                  Name (Name'First .. Index (Name, "vxaddr2line") - 1);
 223
 224    begin
 225       Detect_Success := False;
 226
 227       if Proc = "" then
 228          return;
 229       end if;
 230
 231       if Proc = "alpha" then
 232          Cur_Arch := DEC_ALPHA;
 233       else
 234          --  Let's detect the host.
 235          --  ??? A naive implementation that can't distinguish between Unixes
 236          if Directory_Separator = '/' then
 237             Cur_Arch := Architecture'Value ("solaris_" & Proc);
 238          else
 239             Cur_Arch := Architecture'Value ("windows_" & Proc);
 240          end if;
 241       end if;
 242
 243       if Arch_List (Cur_Arch).Addr2line_Binary = null then
 244          Arch_List (Cur_Arch).Addr2line_Binary := new String'
 245            (Target & "addr2line");
 246       end if;
 247       if Arch_List (Cur_Arch).Nm_Binary = null then
 248          Arch_List (Cur_Arch).Nm_Binary := new String'
 249            (Target & "nm");
 250       end if;
 251
 252       Detect_Success := True;
 253
 254    exception
 255       when others =>
 256          return;
 257    end Detect_Arch;
 258
 259    -----------
 260    -- Error --
 261    -----------
 262
 263    procedure Error (Msg : String) is
 264    begin
 265       Put_Line (Msg);
 266       OS_Exit (1);
 267       raise Program_Error;
 268    end Error;
 269
 270    --------------------------
 271    -- Get_Reference_Offset --
 272    --------------------------
 273
 274    function Get_Reference_Offset return Unsigned_32 is
 275       Nm_Cmd  : constant String_Access :=
 276                   Locate_Exec_On_Path (Arch_List (Cur_Arch).Nm_Binary.all);
 277
 278       Nm_Args : constant Argument_List :=
 279                   (new String'("-P"),
 280                    new String'(Argument (1)));
 281
 282       Forever   : aliased String := "^@@@@";
 283       Reference : aliased String := Ref_Symbol & "\s+\S\s+([\da-fA-F]+)";
 284
 285       Pd     : Process_Descriptor;
 286       Result : Expect_Match;
 287
 288    begin
 289       --  If Nm is not found, abort
 290
 291       if Nm_Cmd = null then
 292          Error ("Couldn't find " & Arch_List (Cur_Arch).Nm_Binary.all);
 293       end if;
 294
 295       Non_Blocking_Spawn
 296         (Pd, Nm_Cmd.all, Nm_Args, Buffer_Size => 0, Err_To_Out => True);
 297
 298       --  Expect a string containing the reference symbol
 299
 300       Expect (Pd, Result,
 301               Regexp_Array'(1 => Reference'Unchecked_Access),
 302               Timeout => -1);
 303
 304       --  If we are here, the pattern was matched successfully
 305
 306       declare
 307          Match_String : constant String := Expect_Out_Match (Pd);
 308          Matches      : Match_Array (0 .. 1);
 309          Value        : Unsigned_32;
 310
 311       begin
 312          Match (Reference, Match_String, Matches);
 313          Value := Unsigned_32'Value
 314            ("16#"
 315             & Match_String (Matches (1).First .. Matches (1).Last) & "#");
 316
 317          --  Expect a string that will never be emitted, so that the
 318          --  process can be correctly terminated (with Process_Died)
 319
 320          Expect (Pd, Result,
 321                  Regexp_Array'(1 => Forever'Unchecked_Access),
 322                  Timeout => -1);
 323
 324       exception
 325          when Process_Died =>
 326             return Value;
 327       end;
 328
 329       --  We cannot get here
 330
 331       raise Program_Error;
 332
 333    exception
 334       when Invalid_Process =>
 335          Error ("Could not spawn a process " & Nm_Cmd.all);
 336
 337       when others    =>
 338
 339          --  The process died without matching the reference symbol or the
 340          --  format wasn't recognized.
 341
 342          Error ("Unexpected output from " & Nm_Cmd.all);
 343    end Get_Reference_Offset;
 344
 345    ----------------------------
 346    -- Get_Value_From_Hex_Arg --
 347    ----------------------------
 348
 349    function Get_Value_From_Hex_Arg (Arg : Natural) return Unsigned_32 is
 350       Cur_Arg : constant String := Argument (Arg);
 351       Offset  : Natural;
 352
 353    begin
 354       --  Skip "0x" prefix if present
 355
 356       if Cur_Arg'Length > 2 and then Cur_Arg (1 .. 2) = "0x" then
 357          Offset := 3;
 358       else
 359          Offset := 1;
 360       end if;
 361
 362       --  Add architecture-specific offset
 363
 364       Offset := Offset + Arch_List (Cur_Arch).Addr_Digits_To_Skip;
 365
 366       --  Convert to value
 367
 368       return Unsigned_32'Value
 369         ("16#" & Cur_Arg (Offset .. Cur_Arg'Last) & "#");
 370
 371    exception
 372       when Constraint_Error =>
 373
 374          Error ("Can't parse backtrace address '" & Cur_Arg & "'");
 375          raise;
 376    end Get_Value_From_Hex_Arg;
 377
 378    ---------------
 379    -- Hex_Image --
 380    ---------------
 381
 382    function Hex_Image (Value : Unsigned_32) return String_Access is
 383       Result    : String (1 .. 20);
 384       Start_Pos : Natural;
 385
 386    begin
 387       Unsigned_32_IO.Put (Result, Value, 16);
 388       Start_Pos := Index (Result, "16#") + 3;
 389       return new String'(Result (Start_Pos .. Result'Last - 1));
 390    end Hex_Image;
 391
 392    -----------
 393    -- Usage --
 394    -----------
 395
 396    procedure Usage is
 397    begin
 398       Put_Line ("Usage : " & Base_Name (Command_Name)
 399                 & " <executable> <"
 400                 & Ref_Symbol & " offset on target> <addr1> ...");
 401
 402       OS_Exit (1);
 403    end Usage;
 404
 405    Ref_Static_Offset, Ref_Runtime_Address, Bt_Address : Unsigned_32;
 406
 407    Addr2line_Cmd : String_Access;
 408
 409    Addr2line_Args : Argument_List (1 .. 501);
 410    --  We expect that there won't be more than 500 backtrace frames
 411
 412    Addr2line_Args_Count : Natural;
 413
 414    Success : Boolean;
 415
 416 --  Start of processing for VxAddr2Line
 417
 418 begin
 419
 420    Detect_Arch;
 421
 422    --  There should be at least two arguments
 423
 424    if Argument_Count < 2 then
 425       Usage;
 426    end if;
 427
 428    --  ??? HARD LIMIT! There should be at most 501 arguments
 429
 430    if Argument_Count > 501 then
 431       Error ("Too many backtrace frames");
 432    end if;
 433
 434    --  Do we have a valid architecture?
 435
 436    if not Detect_Success then
 437       Put_Line ("Couldn't detect the architecture");
 438       return;
 439    end if;
 440
 441    Addr2line_Cmd :=
 442      Locate_Exec_On_Path (Arch_List (Cur_Arch).Addr2line_Binary.all);
 443
 444    --  If Addr2line is not found, abort
 445
 446    if Addr2line_Cmd = null then
 447       Error ("Couldn't find " & Arch_List (Cur_Arch).Addr2line_Binary.all);
 448    end if;
 449
 450    --  The first argument specifies the image file. Check if it exists
 451
 452    if not Is_Regular_File (Argument (1)) then
 453       Error ("Couldn't find the executable " & Argument (1));
 454    end if;
 455
 456    --  The second argument specifies the reference symbol runtime address.
 457    --  Let's parse and store it
 458
 459    Ref_Runtime_Address := Get_Value_From_Hex_Arg (2);
 460
 461    --  Run nm command to get the reference symbol static offset
 462
 463    Ref_Static_Offset := Get_Reference_Offset;
 464
 465    --  Build addr2line parameters. First, the standard part
 466
 467    Addr2line_Args (1) := new String'("--exe=" & Argument (1));
 468    Addr2line_Args_Count := 1;
 469
 470    --  Now, append to this the adjusted backtraces in arguments 4 and further
 471
 472    for J in 3 .. Argument_Count loop
 473
 474       --  Basically, for each address in the runtime backtrace ...
 475
 476       --  o We compute its offset relatively to the runtime address of the
 477       --    reference symbol,
 478
 479       --  and then ...
 480
 481       --  o We add this offset to the static one for the reference symbol in
 482       --    the executable to find the executable offset corresponding to the
 483       --    backtrace address.
 484
 485       Bt_Address := Get_Value_From_Hex_Arg (J);
 486
 487       Bt_Address :=
 488         Bt_Address - Ref_Runtime_Address
 489                    + Ref_Static_Offset
 490                    + Arch_List (Cur_Arch).Bt_Offset_From_Call;
 491
 492       Addr2line_Args_Count := Addr2line_Args_Count + 1;
 493       Addr2line_Args (Addr2line_Args_Count) := Hex_Image (Bt_Address);
 494    end loop;
 495
 496    --  Run the resulting command
 497
 498    Spawn (Addr2line_Cmd.all,
 499           Addr2line_Args (1 .. Addr2line_Args_Count), Success);
 500
 501    if not Success then
 502       Error ("Couldn't spawn " & Addr2line_Cmd.all);
 503    end if;
 504
 505 exception
 506    when others =>
 507
 508       --  Mask all exceptions
 509
 510       return;
 511 end VxAddr2Line;