1 /* Copy propagation and SSA_NAME replacement support routines.
2 Copyright (C) 2004-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 This file is part of GCC.
6 GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8 the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
11 GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
14 GNU General Public License for more details.
16 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17 along with GCC; see the file COPYING3. If not see
18 <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
22 #include "coretypes.h"
32 #include "hard-reg-set.h"
35 #include "dominance.h"
37 #include "basic-block.h"
38 #include "gimple-pretty-print.h"
39 #include "tree-ssa-alias.h"
40 #include "internal-fn.h"
41 #include "gimple-expr.h"
44 #include "gimple-iterator.h"
45 #include "gimple-ssa.h"
47 #include "tree-phinodes.h"
48 #include "ssa-iterators.h"
49 #include "stringpool.h"
50 #include "tree-ssanames.h"
51 #include "tree-pass.h"
52 #include "tree-ssa-propagate.h"
53 #include "langhooks.h"
55 #include "tree-scalar-evolution.h"
56 #include "tree-ssa-dom.h"
57 #include "tree-ssa-loop-niter.h"
60 /* This file implements the copy propagation pass and provides a
61 handful of interfaces for performing const/copy propagation and
62 simple expression replacement which keep variable annotations
65 We require that for any copy operation where the RHS and LHS have
66 a non-null memory tag the memory tag be the same. It is OK
67 for one or both of the memory tags to be NULL.
69 We also require tracking if a variable is dereferenced in a load or
72 We enforce these requirements by having all copy propagation and
73 replacements of one SSA_NAME with a different SSA_NAME to use the
74 APIs defined in this file. */
76 /*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
78 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
79 /* Lattice for copy-propagation. The lattice is initialized to
80 UNDEFINED (value == NULL) for SSA names that can become a copy
81 of something or VARYING (value == self) if not (see get_copy_of_val
82 and stmt_may_generate_copy). Other values make the name a COPY
85 When visiting a statement or PHI node the lattice value for an
86 SSA name can transition from UNDEFINED to COPY to VARYING. */
93 static prop_value_t
*copy_of
;
94 static unsigned n_copy_of
;
97 /* Return true if this statement may generate a useful copy. */
100 stmt_may_generate_copy (gimple stmt
)
102 if (gimple_code (stmt
) == GIMPLE_PHI
)
103 return !SSA_NAME_OCCURS_IN_ABNORMAL_PHI (gimple_phi_result (stmt
));
105 if (gimple_code (stmt
) != GIMPLE_ASSIGN
)
108 /* If the statement has volatile operands, it won't generate a
110 if (gimple_has_volatile_ops (stmt
))
113 /* Statements with loads and/or stores will never generate a useful copy. */
114 if (gimple_vuse (stmt
))
117 /* Otherwise, the only statements that generate useful copies are
118 assignments whose RHS is just an SSA name that doesn't flow
119 through abnormal edges. */
120 return ((gimple_assign_rhs_code (stmt
) == SSA_NAME
121 && !SSA_NAME_OCCURS_IN_ABNORMAL_PHI (gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt
)))
122 || is_gimple_min_invariant (gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt
)));
126 /* Return the copy-of value for VAR. */
128 static inline prop_value_t
*
129 get_copy_of_val (tree var
)
131 prop_value_t
*val
= ©_of
[SSA_NAME_VERSION (var
)];
133 if (val
->value
== NULL_TREE
134 && !stmt_may_generate_copy (SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (var
)))
136 /* If the variable will never generate a useful copy relation,
137 make it its own copy. */
144 /* Return the variable VAR is a copy of or VAR if VAR isn't the result
148 valueize_val (tree var
)
150 if (TREE_CODE (var
) == SSA_NAME
)
152 tree val
= get_copy_of_val (var
)->value
;
159 /* Set VAL to be the copy of VAR. If that changed return true. */
162 set_copy_of_val (tree var
, tree val
)
164 unsigned int ver
= SSA_NAME_VERSION (var
);
167 /* Set FIRST to be the first link in COPY_OF[DEST]. If that
168 changed, return true. */
169 old
= copy_of
[ver
].value
;
170 copy_of
[ver
].value
= val
;
173 || (val
&& !operand_equal_p (old
, val
, 0)))
180 /* Dump the copy-of value for variable VAR to FILE. */
183 dump_copy_of (FILE *file
, tree var
)
187 print_generic_expr (file
, var
, dump_flags
);
188 if (TREE_CODE (var
) != SSA_NAME
)
191 val
= copy_of
[SSA_NAME_VERSION (var
)].value
;
192 fprintf (file
, " copy-of chain: ");
193 print_generic_expr (file
, var
, 0);
196 fprintf (file
, "[UNDEFINED]");
198 fprintf (file
, "[NOT A COPY]");
201 fprintf (file
, "-> ");
202 print_generic_expr (file
, val
, 0);
204 fprintf (file
, "[COPY]");
209 /* Evaluate the RHS of STMT. If it produces a valid copy, set the LHS
210 value and store the LHS into *RESULT_P. */
212 static enum ssa_prop_result
213 copy_prop_visit_assignment (gimple stmt
, tree
*result_p
)
217 lhs
= gimple_assign_lhs (stmt
);
218 rhs
= valueize_val (gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt
));
220 if (TREE_CODE (lhs
) == SSA_NAME
)
222 /* Straight copy between two SSA names. First, make sure that
223 we can propagate the RHS into uses of LHS. */
224 if (!may_propagate_copy (lhs
, rhs
))
225 return SSA_PROP_VARYING
;
228 if (set_copy_of_val (*result_p
, rhs
))
229 return SSA_PROP_INTERESTING
;
231 return SSA_PROP_NOT_INTERESTING
;
234 return SSA_PROP_VARYING
;
238 /* Visit the GIMPLE_COND STMT. Return SSA_PROP_INTERESTING
239 if it can determine which edge will be taken. Otherwise, return
242 static enum ssa_prop_result
243 copy_prop_visit_cond_stmt (gimple stmt
, edge
*taken_edge_p
)
245 enum ssa_prop_result retval
= SSA_PROP_VARYING
;
246 location_t loc
= gimple_location (stmt
);
248 tree op0
= valueize_val (gimple_cond_lhs (stmt
));
249 tree op1
= valueize_val (gimple_cond_rhs (stmt
));
251 /* See if we can determine the predicate's value. */
252 if (dump_file
&& (dump_flags
& TDF_DETAILS
))
254 fprintf (dump_file
, "Trying to determine truth value of ");
255 fprintf (dump_file
, "predicate ");
256 print_gimple_stmt (dump_file
, stmt
, 0, 0);
259 /* Fold COND and see whether we get a useful result. */
260 tree folded_cond
= fold_binary_loc (loc
, gimple_cond_code (stmt
),
261 boolean_type_node
, op0
, op1
);
264 basic_block bb
= gimple_bb (stmt
);
265 *taken_edge_p
= find_taken_edge (bb
, folded_cond
);
267 retval
= SSA_PROP_INTERESTING
;
270 if (dump_file
&& (dump_flags
& TDF_DETAILS
) && *taken_edge_p
)
271 fprintf (dump_file
, "\nConditional will always take edge %d->%d\n",
272 (*taken_edge_p
)->src
->index
, (*taken_edge_p
)->dest
->index
);
278 /* Evaluate statement STMT. If the statement produces a new output
279 value, return SSA_PROP_INTERESTING and store the SSA_NAME holding
280 the new value in *RESULT_P.
282 If STMT is a conditional branch and we can determine its truth
283 value, set *TAKEN_EDGE_P accordingly.
285 If the new value produced by STMT is varying, return
288 static enum ssa_prop_result
289 copy_prop_visit_stmt (gimple stmt
, edge
*taken_edge_p
, tree
*result_p
)
291 enum ssa_prop_result retval
;
293 if (dump_file
&& (dump_flags
& TDF_DETAILS
))
295 fprintf (dump_file
, "\nVisiting statement:\n");
296 print_gimple_stmt (dump_file
, stmt
, 0, dump_flags
);
297 fprintf (dump_file
, "\n");
300 if (gimple_assign_single_p (stmt
)
301 && TREE_CODE (gimple_assign_lhs (stmt
)) == SSA_NAME
302 && (TREE_CODE (gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt
)) == SSA_NAME
303 || is_gimple_min_invariant (gimple_assign_rhs1 (stmt
))))
305 /* If the statement is a copy assignment, evaluate its RHS to
306 see if the lattice value of its output has changed. */
307 retval
= copy_prop_visit_assignment (stmt
, result_p
);
309 else if (gimple_code (stmt
) == GIMPLE_COND
)
311 /* See if we can determine which edge goes out of a conditional
313 retval
= copy_prop_visit_cond_stmt (stmt
, taken_edge_p
);
316 retval
= SSA_PROP_VARYING
;
318 if (retval
== SSA_PROP_VARYING
)
323 /* Any other kind of statement is not interesting for constant
324 propagation and, therefore, not worth simulating. */
325 if (dump_file
&& (dump_flags
& TDF_DETAILS
))
326 fprintf (dump_file
, "No interesting values produced.\n");
328 /* The assignment is not a copy operation. Don't visit this
329 statement again and mark all the definitions in the statement
330 to be copies of nothing. */
331 FOR_EACH_SSA_TREE_OPERAND (def
, stmt
, i
, SSA_OP_ALL_DEFS
)
332 set_copy_of_val (def
, def
);
339 /* Visit PHI node PHI. If all the arguments produce the same value,
340 set it to be the value of the LHS of PHI. */
342 static enum ssa_prop_result
343 copy_prop_visit_phi_node (gphi
*phi
)
345 enum ssa_prop_result retval
;
347 prop_value_t phi_val
= { NULL_TREE
};
349 tree lhs
= gimple_phi_result (phi
);
351 if (dump_file
&& (dump_flags
& TDF_DETAILS
))
353 fprintf (dump_file
, "\nVisiting PHI node: ");
354 print_gimple_stmt (dump_file
, phi
, 0, dump_flags
);
357 for (i
= 0; i
< gimple_phi_num_args (phi
); i
++)
359 prop_value_t
*arg_val
;
361 tree arg
= gimple_phi_arg_def (phi
, i
);
362 edge e
= gimple_phi_arg_edge (phi
, i
);
364 /* We don't care about values flowing through non-executable
366 if (!(e
->flags
& EDGE_EXECUTABLE
))
369 /* Names that flow through abnormal edges cannot be used to
371 if (TREE_CODE (arg
) == SSA_NAME
&& SSA_NAME_OCCURS_IN_ABNORMAL_PHI (arg
))
377 if (dump_file
&& (dump_flags
& TDF_DETAILS
))
379 fprintf (dump_file
, "\tArgument #%d: ", i
);
380 dump_copy_of (dump_file
, arg
);
381 fprintf (dump_file
, "\n");
384 if (TREE_CODE (arg
) == SSA_NAME
)
386 arg_val
= get_copy_of_val (arg
);
388 /* If we didn't visit the definition of arg yet treat it as
389 UNDEFINED. This also handles PHI arguments that are the
390 same as lhs. We'll come here again. */
394 arg_value
= arg_val
->value
;
397 arg_value
= valueize_val (arg
);
399 /* In loop-closed SSA form do not copy-propagate SSA-names across
401 if (loops_state_satisfies_p (LOOP_CLOSED_SSA
)
402 && TREE_CODE (arg_value
) == SSA_NAME
403 && loop_exit_edge_p (e
->src
->loop_father
, e
))
409 /* If the LHS didn't have a value yet, make it a copy of the
410 first argument we find. */
411 if (phi_val
.value
== NULL_TREE
)
413 phi_val
.value
= arg_value
;
417 /* If PHI_VAL and ARG don't have a common copy-of chain, then
418 this PHI node cannot be a copy operation. */
419 if (phi_val
.value
!= arg_value
420 && !operand_equal_p (phi_val
.value
, arg_value
, 0))
428 && may_propagate_copy (lhs
, phi_val
.value
)
429 && set_copy_of_val (lhs
, phi_val
.value
))
430 retval
= (phi_val
.value
!= lhs
) ? SSA_PROP_INTERESTING
: SSA_PROP_VARYING
;
432 retval
= SSA_PROP_NOT_INTERESTING
;
434 if (dump_file
&& (dump_flags
& TDF_DETAILS
))
436 fprintf (dump_file
, "PHI node ");
437 dump_copy_of (dump_file
, lhs
);
438 fprintf (dump_file
, "\nTelling the propagator to ");
439 if (retval
== SSA_PROP_INTERESTING
)
440 fprintf (dump_file
, "add SSA edges out of this PHI and continue.");
441 else if (retval
== SSA_PROP_VARYING
)
442 fprintf (dump_file
, "add SSA edges out of this PHI and never visit again.");
444 fprintf (dump_file
, "do nothing with SSA edges and keep iterating.");
445 fprintf (dump_file
, "\n\n");
452 /* Initialize structures used for copy propagation. */
455 init_copy_prop (void)
459 n_copy_of
= num_ssa_names
;
460 copy_of
= XCNEWVEC (prop_value_t
, n_copy_of
);
462 FOR_EACH_BB_FN (bb
, cfun
)
464 for (gimple_stmt_iterator si
= gsi_start_bb (bb
); !gsi_end_p (si
);
467 gimple stmt
= gsi_stmt (si
);
471 /* The only statements that we care about are those that may
472 generate useful copies. We also need to mark conditional
473 jumps so that their outgoing edges are added to the work
474 lists of the propagator. */
475 if (stmt_ends_bb_p (stmt
))
476 prop_set_simulate_again (stmt
, true);
477 else if (stmt_may_generate_copy (stmt
))
478 prop_set_simulate_again (stmt
, true);
480 prop_set_simulate_again (stmt
, false);
482 /* Mark all the outputs of this statement as not being
483 the copy of anything. */
484 FOR_EACH_SSA_TREE_OPERAND (def
, stmt
, iter
, SSA_OP_ALL_DEFS
)
485 if (!prop_simulate_again_p (stmt
))
486 set_copy_of_val (def
, def
);
489 for (gphi_iterator si
= gsi_start_phis (bb
); !gsi_end_p (si
);
492 gphi
*phi
= si
.phi ();
495 def
= gimple_phi_result (phi
);
496 if (virtual_operand_p (def
))
497 prop_set_simulate_again (phi
, false);
499 prop_set_simulate_again (phi
, true);
501 if (!prop_simulate_again_p (phi
))
502 set_copy_of_val (def
, def
);
507 /* Callback for substitute_and_fold to get at the final copy-of values. */
510 get_value (tree name
)
513 if (SSA_NAME_VERSION (name
) >= n_copy_of
)
515 val
= copy_of
[SSA_NAME_VERSION (name
)].value
;
516 if (val
&& val
!= name
)
521 /* Deallocate memory used in copy propagation and do final
525 fini_copy_prop (void)
529 /* Set the final copy-of value for each variable by traversing the
531 for (i
= 1; i
< num_ssa_names
; i
++)
533 tree var
= ssa_name (i
);
536 || copy_of
[i
].value
== var
)
539 /* In theory the points-to solution of all members of the
540 copy chain is their intersection. For now we do not bother
541 to compute this but only make sure we do not lose points-to
542 information completely by setting the points-to solution
543 of the representative to the first solution we find if
544 it doesn't have one already. */
545 if (copy_of
[i
].value
!= var
546 && TREE_CODE (copy_of
[i
].value
) == SSA_NAME
)
548 basic_block copy_of_bb
549 = gimple_bb (SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (copy_of
[i
].value
));
550 basic_block var_bb
= gimple_bb (SSA_NAME_DEF_STMT (var
));
551 if (POINTER_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (var
))
552 && SSA_NAME_PTR_INFO (var
)
553 && !SSA_NAME_PTR_INFO (copy_of
[i
].value
))
555 duplicate_ssa_name_ptr_info (copy_of
[i
].value
,
556 SSA_NAME_PTR_INFO (var
));
557 /* Points-to information is cfg insensitive,
558 but alignment info might be cfg sensitive, if it
559 e.g. is derived from VRP derived non-zero bits.
560 So, do not copy alignment info if the two SSA_NAMEs
561 aren't defined in the same basic block. */
562 if (var_bb
!= copy_of_bb
)
563 mark_ptr_info_alignment_unknown
564 (SSA_NAME_PTR_INFO (copy_of
[i
].value
));
566 else if (!POINTER_TYPE_P (TREE_TYPE (var
))
567 && SSA_NAME_RANGE_INFO (var
)
568 && !SSA_NAME_RANGE_INFO (copy_of
[i
].value
)
569 && var_bb
== copy_of_bb
)
570 duplicate_ssa_name_range_info (copy_of
[i
].value
,
571 SSA_NAME_RANGE_TYPE (var
),
572 SSA_NAME_RANGE_INFO (var
));
576 bool changed
= substitute_and_fold (get_value
, NULL
, true);
579 free_numbers_of_iterations_estimates ();
580 if (scev_initialized_p ())
590 /* Main entry point to the copy propagator.
592 PHIS_ONLY is true if we should only consider PHI nodes as generating
593 copy propagation opportunities.
595 The algorithm propagates the value COPY-OF using ssa_propagate. For
596 every variable X_i, COPY-OF(X_i) indicates which variable is X_i created
597 from. The following example shows how the algorithm proceeds at a
601 2 a_2 = PHI <a_24, x_1>
603 4 x_1 = PHI <x_298, a_5, a_2>
605 The end result should be that a_2, a_5, a_24 and x_1 are a copy of
606 x_298. Propagation proceeds as follows.
608 Visit #1: a_24 is copy-of x_1. Value changed.
609 Visit #2: a_2 is copy-of x_1. Value changed.
610 Visit #3: a_5 is copy-of x_1. Value changed.
611 Visit #4: x_1 is copy-of x_298. Value changed.
612 Visit #1: a_24 is copy-of x_298. Value changed.
613 Visit #2: a_2 is copy-of x_298. Value changed.
614 Visit #3: a_5 is copy-of x_298. Value changed.
615 Visit #4: x_1 is copy-of x_298. Stable state reached.
617 When visiting PHI nodes, we only consider arguments that flow
618 through edges marked executable by the propagation engine. So,
619 when visiting statement #2 for the first time, we will only look at
620 the first argument (a_24) and optimistically assume that its value
621 is the copy of a_24 (x_1). */
624 execute_copy_prop (void)
627 ssa_propagate (copy_prop_visit_stmt
, copy_prop_visit_phi_node
);
628 if (fini_copy_prop ())
629 return TODO_cleanup_cfg
;
635 const pass_data pass_data_copy_prop
=
637 GIMPLE_PASS
, /* type */
638 "copyprop", /* name */
639 OPTGROUP_NONE
, /* optinfo_flags */
640 TV_TREE_COPY_PROP
, /* tv_id */
641 ( PROP_ssa
| PROP_cfg
), /* properties_required */
642 0, /* properties_provided */
643 0, /* properties_destroyed */
644 0, /* todo_flags_start */
645 0, /* todo_flags_finish */
648 class pass_copy_prop
: public gimple_opt_pass
651 pass_copy_prop (gcc::context
*ctxt
)
652 : gimple_opt_pass (pass_data_copy_prop
, ctxt
)
655 /* opt_pass methods: */
656 opt_pass
* clone () { return new pass_copy_prop (m_ctxt
); }
657 virtual bool gate (function
*) { return flag_tree_copy_prop
!= 0; }
658 virtual unsigned int execute (function
*) { return execute_copy_prop (); }
660 }; // class pass_copy_prop
665 make_pass_copy_prop (gcc::context
*ctxt
)
667 return new pass_copy_prop (ctxt
);