gcc/ada/sem_elab.ads

   1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   2 --                                                                          --
   3 --                         GNAT COMPILER COMPONENTS                         --
   4 --                                                                          --
   5 --                             S E M _ E L A B                              --
   6 --                                                                          --
   7 --                                 S p e c                                  --
   8 --                                                                          --
   9 --                                                                          --
  10 --          Copyright (C) 1997-2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc.          --
  11 --                                                                          --
  12 -- GNAT is free software;  you can  redistribute it  and/or modify it under --
  13 -- terms of the  GNU General Public License as published  by the Free Soft- --
  14 -- ware  Foundation;  either version 2,  or (at your option) any later ver- --
  15 -- sion.  GNAT is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITH- --
  16 -- OUT ANY WARRANTY;  without even the  implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY --
  17 -- or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License --
  18 -- for  more details.  You should have  received  a copy of the GNU General --
  19 -- Public License  distributed with GNAT;  see file COPYING.  If not, write --
  20 -- to  the Free Software Foundation,  59 Temple Place - Suite 330,  Boston, --
  21 -- MA 02111-1307, USA.                                                      --
  22 --                                                                          --
  23 -- GNAT was originally developed  by the GNAT team at  New York University. --
  24 -- It is now maintained by Ada Core Technologies Inc (http://www.gnat.com). --
  25 --                                                                          --
  26 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  27
  28 --  This package contains the routines used to deal with issuing warnings
  29 --  for cases of calls that may require warnings about possible access
  30 --  before elaboration.
  31
  32 with Types; use Types;
  33
  34 package Sem_Elab is
  35
  36    -----------------------------
  37    -- Description of Approach --
  38    -----------------------------
  39
  40    --  Every non-static call that is encountered by Sem_Res results in
  41    --  a call to Check_Elab_Call, with N being the call node, and Outer
  42    --  set to its default value of True.
  43
  44    --  The goal of Check_Elab_Call is to determine whether or not the
  45    --  call in question can generate an access before elaboration
  46    --  error (raising Program_Error) either by directly calling a
  47    --  subprogram whose body has not yet been elaborated, or indirectly,
  48    --  by calling a subprogram whose body has been elaborated, but which
  49    --  contains a call to such a subprogram.
  50
  51    --  The only calls that we need to look at at the outer level are
  52    --  calls that occur in elaboration code. There are two cases. The
  53    --  call can be at the outer level of elaboration code, or it can
  54    --  be within another unit, e.g. the elaboration code of a subprogram.
  55
  56    --  In the case of an elaboration call at the outer level, we must
  57    --  trace all calls to outer level routines either within the current
  58    --  unit or to other units that are with'ed. For calls within the
  59    --  current unit, we can determine if the body has been elaborated
  60    --  or not, and if it has not, then a warning is generated.
  61
  62    --  Note that there are two subcases. If the original call directly
  63    --  calls a subprogram whose body has not been elaborated, then we
  64    --  know that an ABE will take place, and we replace the call by
  65    --  a raise of Program_Error. If the call is indirect, then we don't
  66    --  know that the PE will be raised, since the call might be guarded
  67    --  by a conditional. In this case we set Do_Elab_Check on the call
  68    --  so that a dynamic check is generated, and output a warning.
  69
  70    --  For calls to a subprogram in a with'ed unit, we require that
  71    --  a pragma Elaborate_All or pragma Elaborate be present, or that
  72    --  the referenced unit have a pragma Preelaborate, pragma Pure, or
  73    --  pragma Elaborate_Body. If none of these conditions is met, then
  74    --  a warning is generated that a pragma Elaborate_All may be needed.
  75
  76    --  For the case of an elaboration call at some inner level, we are
  77    --  interested in tracing only calls to subprograms at the same level,
  78    --  i.e. those that can be called during elaboration. Any calls to
  79    --  outer level routines cannot cause ABE's as a result of the original
  80    --  call (there might be an outer level call to the subprogram from
  81    --  outside that causes the ABE, but that gets analyzed separately).
  82
  83    --  Note that we never trace calls to inner level subprograms, since
  84    --  these cannot result in ABE's unless there is an elaboration problem
  85    --  at a lower level, which will be separately detected.
  86
  87    --  Note on pragma Elaborate. The checking here assumes that a pragma
  88    --  Elaborate on a with'ed unit guarantees that subprograms within the
  89    --  unit can be called without causing an ABE. This is not in fact the
  90    --  case since pragma Elaborate does not guarantee the transititive
  91    --  coverage guaranteed by Elaborate_All. However, we leave this issue
  92    --  up to the binder, which has generates warnings if there are possible
  93    --  problems in the use of pragma Elaborate.
  94
  95    --------------------------------------
  96    -- Instantiation Elaboration Errors --
  97    --------------------------------------
  98
  99    --  A special case arises when an instantiation appears in a context
 100    --  that is known to be before the body is elaborated, e.g.
 101
 102    --       generic package x is ...
 103    --       ...
 104    --       package xx is new x;
 105    --       ...
 106    --       package body x is ...
 107
 108    --  In this situation it is certain that an elaboration error will
 109    --  occur, and an unconditional raise Program_Error statement is
 110    --  inserted before the instantiation, and a warning generated.
 111
 112    --  The problem is that in this case we have no place to put the
 113    --  body of the instantiation. We can't put it in the normal place,
 114    --  because it is too early, and will cause errors to occur as a
 115    --  result of referencing entities before they are declared.
 116
 117    --  Our approach in this case is simply to avoid creating the body
 118    --  of the instantiation in such a case. The instantiation spec is
 119    --  modified to include dummy bodies for all subprograms, so that
 120    --  the resulting code does not contain subprogram specs with no
 121    --  corresponding bodies.
 122
 123    procedure Check_Elab_Call (N : Node_Id; Outer_Scope : Entity_Id := Empty);
 124    --  Check a call for possible elaboration problems. N is either an
 125    --  N_Function_Call or N_Procedure_Call_Statement node, and Outer
 126    --  indicates whether this is an outer level call from Sem_Res
 127    --  (Outer_Scope set to Empty), or an internal recursive call
 128    --  (Outer_Scope set to entity of outermost call, see body).
 129
 130    procedure Check_Elab_Calls;
 131    --  Not all the processing for Check_Elab_Call can be done at the time
 132    --  of calls to Check_Elab_Call. This is because for internal calls, we
 133    --  need to wait to complete the check until all generic bodies have been
 134    --  instantiated. The Check_Elab_Calls procedure cleans up these waiting
 135    --  checks. It is called once after the completion of instantiation.
 136
 137    procedure Check_Elab_Instantiation
 138      (N           : Node_Id;
 139       Outer_Scope : Entity_Id := Empty);
 140    --  Check an instantiation for possible elaboration problems. N is an
 141    --  instantiation node (N_Package_Instantiation, N_Function_Instantiation,
 142    --  or N_Procedure_Instantiation), and Outer_Scope indicates if this is
 143    --  an outer level call from Sem_Ch12 (Outer_Scope set to Empty), or an
 144    --  internal recursive call (Outer_Scope set to scope of outermost call,
 145    --  see body for further details). The returned value is relevant only
 146    --  for an outer level call, and is set to False if an elaboration error
 147    --  is bound to occur on the instantiation, and True otherwise. This is
 148    --  used by the caller to signal that the body of the instance should
 149    --  not be generated (see detailed description in body).
 150
 151    procedure Check_Task_Activation (N : Node_Id);
 152    --  at the point at which tasks are activated in a package body, check
 153    --  that the bodies of the tasks are elaborated.
 154
 155 end Sem_Elab;