gcc/cfgloopanal.c

   1 /* Natural loop analysis code for GNU compiler.
   2    Copyright (C) 2002-2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   3
   4 This file is part of GCC.
   5
   6 GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
   7 the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
   8 Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later
   9 version.
  10
  11 GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
  12 WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  13 FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  14 for more details.
  15
  16 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  17 along with GCC; see the file COPYING3.  If not see
  18 <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
  19
  20 #include "config.h"
  21 #include "system.h"
  22 #include "coretypes.h"
  23 #include "tm.h"
  24 #include "rtl.h"
  25 #include "hard-reg-set.h"
  26 #include "obstack.h"
  27 #include "basic-block.h"
  28 #include "cfgloop.h"
  29 #include "expr.h"
  30 #include "graphds.h"
  31 #include "params.h"
  32
  33 struct target_cfgloop default_target_cfgloop;
  34 #if SWITCHABLE_TARGET
  35 struct target_cfgloop *this_target_cfgloop = &default_target_cfgloop;
  36 #endif
  37
  38 /* Checks whether BB is executed exactly once in each LOOP iteration.  */
  39
  40 bool
  41 just_once_each_iteration_p (const struct loop *loop, const_basic_block bb)
  42 {
  43   /* It must be executed at least once each iteration.  */
  44   if (!dominated_by_p (CDI_DOMINATORS, loop->latch, bb))
  45     return false;
  46
  47   /* And just once.  */
  48   if (bb->loop_father != loop)
  49     return false;
  50
  51   /* But this was not enough.  We might have some irreducible loop here.  */
  52   if (bb->flags & BB_IRREDUCIBLE_LOOP)
  53     return false;
  54
  55   return true;
  56 }
  57
  58 /* Marks blocks and edges that are part of non-recognized loops; i.e. we
  59    throw away all latch edges and mark blocks inside any remaining cycle.
  60    Everything is a bit complicated due to fact we do not want to do this
  61    for parts of cycles that only "pass" through some loop -- i.e. for
  62    each cycle, we want to mark blocks that belong directly to innermost
  63    loop containing the whole cycle.
  64
  65    LOOPS is the loop tree.  */
  66
  67 #define LOOP_REPR(LOOP) ((LOOP)->num + last_basic_block)
  68 #define BB_REPR(BB) ((BB)->index + 1)
  69
  70 bool
  71 mark_irreducible_loops (void)
  72 {
  73   basic_block act;
  74   struct graph_edge *ge;
  75   edge e;
  76   edge_iterator ei;
  77   int src, dest;
  78   unsigned depth;
  79   struct graph *g;
  80   int num = number_of_loops (cfun);
  81   struct loop *cloop;
  82   bool irred_loop_found = false;
  83   int i;
  84
  85   gcc_assert (current_loops != NULL);
  86
  87   /* Reset the flags.  */
  88   FOR_BB_BETWEEN (act, ENTRY_BLOCK_PTR_FOR_FN (cfun),
  89                   EXIT_BLOCK_PTR_FOR_FN (cfun), next_bb)
  90     {
  91       act->flags &= ~BB_IRREDUCIBLE_LOOP;
  92       FOR_EACH_EDGE (e, ei, act->succs)
  93         e->flags &= ~EDGE_IRREDUCIBLE_LOOP;
  94     }
  95
  96   /* Create the edge lists.  */
  97   g = new_graph (last_basic_block + num);
  98
  99   FOR_BB_BETWEEN (act, ENTRY_BLOCK_PTR_FOR_FN (cfun),
 100                   EXIT_BLOCK_PTR_FOR_FN (cfun), next_bb)
 101     FOR_EACH_EDGE (e, ei, act->succs)
 102       {
 103         /* Ignore edges to exit.  */
 104         if (e->dest == EXIT_BLOCK_PTR_FOR_FN (cfun))
 105           continue;
 106
 107         src = BB_REPR (act);
 108         dest = BB_REPR (e->dest);
 109
 110         /* Ignore latch edges.  */
 111         if (e->dest->loop_father->header == e->dest
 112             && e->dest->loop_father->latch == act)
 113           continue;
 114
 115         /* Edges inside a single loop should be left where they are.  Edges
 116            to subloop headers should lead to representative of the subloop,
 117            but from the same place.
 118
 119            Edges exiting loops should lead from representative
 120            of the son of nearest common ancestor of the loops in that
 121            act lays.  */
 122
 123         if (e->dest->loop_father->header == e->dest)
 124           dest = LOOP_REPR (e->dest->loop_father);
 125
 126         if (!flow_bb_inside_loop_p (act->loop_father, e->dest))
 127           {
 128             depth = 1 + loop_depth (find_common_loop (act->loop_father,
 129                                                       e->dest->loop_father));
 130             if (depth == loop_depth (act->loop_father))
 131               cloop = act->loop_father;
 132             else
 133               cloop = (*act->loop_father->superloops)[depth];
 134
 135             src = LOOP_REPR (cloop);
 136           }
 137
 138         add_edge (g, src, dest)->data = e;
 139       }
 140
 141   /* Find the strongly connected components.  */
 142   graphds_scc (g, NULL);
 143
 144   /* Mark the irreducible loops.  */
 145   for (i = 0; i < g->n_vertices; i++)
 146     for (ge = g->vertices[i].succ; ge; ge = ge->succ_next)
 147       {
 148         edge real = (edge) ge->data;
 149         /* edge E in graph G is irreducible if it connects two vertices in the
 150            same scc.  */
 151
 152         /* All edges should lead from a component with higher number to the
 153            one with lower one.  */
 154         gcc_assert (g->vertices[ge->src].component >= g->vertices[ge->dest].component);
 155
 156         if (g->vertices[ge->src].component != g->vertices[ge->dest].component)
 157           continue;
 158
 159         real->flags |= EDGE_IRREDUCIBLE_LOOP;
 160         irred_loop_found = true;
 161         if (flow_bb_inside_loop_p (real->src->loop_father, real->dest))
 162           real->src->flags |= BB_IRREDUCIBLE_LOOP;
 163       }
 164
 165   free_graph (g);
 166
 167   loops_state_set (LOOPS_HAVE_MARKED_IRREDUCIBLE_REGIONS);
 168   return irred_loop_found;
 169 }
 170
 171 /* Counts number of insns inside LOOP.  */
 172 int
 173 num_loop_insns (const struct loop *loop)
 174 {
 175   basic_block *bbs, bb;
 176   unsigned i, ninsns = 0;
 177   rtx insn;
 178
 179   bbs = get_loop_body (loop);
 180   for (i = 0; i < loop->num_nodes; i++)
 181     {
 182       bb = bbs[i];
 183       FOR_BB_INSNS (bb, insn)
 184         if (NONDEBUG_INSN_P (insn))
 185           ninsns++;
 186     }
 187   free (bbs);
 188
 189   if (!ninsns)
 190     ninsns = 1; /* To avoid division by zero.  */
 191
 192   return ninsns;
 193 }
 194
 195 /* Counts number of insns executed on average per iteration LOOP.  */
 196 int
 197 average_num_loop_insns (const struct loop *loop)
 198 {
 199   basic_block *bbs, bb;
 200   unsigned i, binsns, ninsns, ratio;
 201   rtx insn;
 202
 203   ninsns = 0;
 204   bbs = get_loop_body (loop);
 205   for (i = 0; i < loop->num_nodes; i++)
 206     {
 207       bb = bbs[i];
 208
 209       binsns = 0;
 210       FOR_BB_INSNS (bb, insn)
 211         if (NONDEBUG_INSN_P (insn))
 212           binsns++;
 213
 214       ratio = loop->header->frequency == 0
 215               ? BB_FREQ_MAX
 216               : (bb->frequency * BB_FREQ_MAX) / loop->header->frequency;
 217       ninsns += binsns * ratio;
 218     }
 219   free (bbs);
 220
 221   ninsns /= BB_FREQ_MAX;
 222   if (!ninsns)
 223     ninsns = 1; /* To avoid division by zero.  */
 224
 225   return ninsns;
 226 }
 227
 228 /* Returns expected number of iterations of LOOP, according to
 229    measured or guessed profile.  No bounding is done on the
 230    value.  */
 231
 232 gcov_type
 233 expected_loop_iterations_unbounded (const struct loop *loop)
 234 {
 235   edge e;
 236   edge_iterator ei;
 237
 238   if (loop->latch->count || loop->header->count)
 239     {
 240       gcov_type count_in, count_latch, expected;
 241
 242       count_in = 0;
 243       count_latch = 0;
 244
 245       FOR_EACH_EDGE (e, ei, loop->header->preds)
 246         if (e->src == loop->latch)
 247           count_latch = e->count;
 248         else
 249           count_in += e->count;
 250
 251       if (count_in == 0)
 252         expected = count_latch * 2;
 253       else
 254         expected = (count_latch + count_in - 1) / count_in;
 255
 256       return expected;
 257     }
 258   else
 259     {
 260       int freq_in, freq_latch;
 261
 262       freq_in = 0;
 263       freq_latch = 0;
 264
 265       FOR_EACH_EDGE (e, ei, loop->header->preds)
 266         if (e->src == loop->latch)
 267           freq_latch = EDGE_FREQUENCY (e);
 268         else
 269           freq_in += EDGE_FREQUENCY (e);
 270
 271       if (freq_in == 0)
 272         return freq_latch * 2;
 273
 274       return (freq_latch + freq_in - 1) / freq_in;
 275     }
 276 }
 277
 278 /* Returns expected number of LOOP iterations.  The returned value is bounded
 279    by REG_BR_PROB_BASE.  */
 280
 281 unsigned
 282 expected_loop_iterations (const struct loop *loop)
 283 {
 284   gcov_type expected = expected_loop_iterations_unbounded (loop);
 285   return (expected > REG_BR_PROB_BASE ? REG_BR_PROB_BASE : expected);
 286 }
 287
 288 /* Returns the maximum level of nesting of subloops of LOOP.  */
 289
 290 unsigned
 291 get_loop_level (const struct loop *loop)
 292 {
 293   const struct loop *ploop;
 294   unsigned mx = 0, l;
 295
 296   for (ploop = loop->inner; ploop; ploop = ploop->next)
 297     {
 298       l = get_loop_level (ploop);
 299       if (l >= mx)
 300         mx = l + 1;
 301     }
 302   return mx;
 303 }
 304
 305 /* Returns estimate on cost of computing SEQ.  */
 306
 307 static unsigned
 308 seq_cost (const_rtx seq, bool speed)
 309 {
 310   unsigned cost = 0;
 311   rtx set;
 312
 313   for (; seq; seq = NEXT_INSN (seq))
 314     {
 315       set = single_set (seq);
 316       if (set)
 317         cost += set_rtx_cost (set, speed);
 318       else
 319         cost++;
 320     }
 321
 322   return cost;
 323 }
 324
 325 /* Initialize the constants for computing set costs.  */
 326
 327 void
 328 init_set_costs (void)
 329 {
 330   int speed;
 331   rtx seq;
 332   rtx reg1 = gen_raw_REG (SImode, FIRST_PSEUDO_REGISTER);
 333   rtx reg2 = gen_raw_REG (SImode, FIRST_PSEUDO_REGISTER + 1);
 334   rtx addr = gen_raw_REG (Pmode, FIRST_PSEUDO_REGISTER + 2);
 335   rtx mem = validize_mem (gen_rtx_MEM (SImode, addr));
 336   unsigned i;
 337
 338   target_avail_regs = 0;
 339   target_clobbered_regs = 0;
 340   for (i = 0; i < FIRST_PSEUDO_REGISTER; i++)
 341     if (TEST_HARD_REG_BIT (reg_class_contents[GENERAL_REGS], i)
 342         && !fixed_regs[i])
 343       {
 344         target_avail_regs++;
 345         if (call_used_regs[i])
 346           target_clobbered_regs++;
 347       }
 348
 349   target_res_regs = 3;
 350
 351   for (speed = 0; speed < 2; speed++)
 352      {
 353       crtl->maybe_hot_insn_p = speed;
 354       /* Set up the costs for using extra registers:
 355
 356          1) If not many free registers remain, we should prefer having an
 357             additional move to decreasing the number of available registers.
 358             (TARGET_REG_COST).
 359          2) If no registers are available, we need to spill, which may require
 360             storing the old value to memory and loading it back
 361             (TARGET_SPILL_COST).  */
 362
 363       start_sequence ();
 364       emit_move_insn (reg1, reg2);
 365       seq = get_insns ();
 366       end_sequence ();
 367       target_reg_cost [speed] = seq_cost (seq, speed);
 368
 369       start_sequence ();
 370       emit_move_insn (mem, reg1);
 371       emit_move_insn (reg2, mem);
 372       seq = get_insns ();
 373       end_sequence ();
 374       target_spill_cost [speed] = seq_cost (seq, speed);
 375     }
 376   default_rtl_profile ();
 377 }
 378
 379 /* Estimates cost of increased register pressure caused by making N_NEW new
 380    registers live around the loop.  N_OLD is the number of registers live
 381    around the loop.  If CALL_P is true, also take into account that
 382    call-used registers may be clobbered in the loop body, reducing the
 383    number of available registers before we spill.  */
 384
 385 unsigned
 386 estimate_reg_pressure_cost (unsigned n_new, unsigned n_old, bool speed,
 387                             bool call_p)
 388 {
 389   unsigned cost;
 390   unsigned regs_needed = n_new + n_old;
 391   unsigned available_regs = target_avail_regs;
 392
 393   /* If there is a call in the loop body, the call-clobbered registers
 394      are not available for loop invariants.  */
 395   if (call_p)
 396     available_regs = available_regs - target_clobbered_regs;
 397
 398   /* If we have enough registers, we should use them and not restrict
 399      the transformations unnecessarily.  */
 400   if (regs_needed + target_res_regs <= available_regs)
 401     return 0;
 402
 403   if (regs_needed <= available_regs)
 404     /* If we are close to running out of registers, try to preserve
 405        them.  */
 406     cost = target_reg_cost [speed] * n_new;
 407   else
 408     /* If we run out of registers, it is very expensive to add another
 409        one.  */
 410     cost = target_spill_cost [speed] * n_new;
 411
 412   if (optimize && (flag_ira_region == IRA_REGION_ALL
 413                    || flag_ira_region == IRA_REGION_MIXED)
 414       && number_of_loops (cfun) <= (unsigned) IRA_MAX_LOOPS_NUM)
 415     /* IRA regional allocation deals with high register pressure
 416        better.  So decrease the cost (to do more accurate the cost
 417        calculation for IRA, we need to know how many registers lives
 418        through the loop transparently).  */
 419     cost /= 2;
 420
 421   return cost;
 422 }
 423
 424 /* Sets EDGE_LOOP_EXIT flag for all loop exits.  */
 425
 426 void
 427 mark_loop_exit_edges (void)
 428 {
 429   basic_block bb;
 430   edge e;
 431
 432   if (number_of_loops (cfun) <= 1)
 433     return;
 434
 435   FOR_EACH_BB (bb)
 436     {
 437       edge_iterator ei;
 438
 439       FOR_EACH_EDGE (e, ei, bb->succs)
 440         {
 441           if (loop_outer (bb->loop_father)
 442               && loop_exit_edge_p (bb->loop_father, e))
 443             e->flags |= EDGE_LOOP_EXIT;
 444           else
 445             e->flags &= ~EDGE_LOOP_EXIT;
 446         }
 447     }
 448 }
 449
 450 /* Return exit edge if loop has only one exit that is likely
 451    to be executed on runtime (i.e. it is not EH or leading
 452    to noreturn call.  */
 453
 454 edge
 455 single_likely_exit (struct loop *loop)
 456 {
 457   edge found = single_exit (loop);
 458   vec<edge> exits;
 459   unsigned i;
 460   edge ex;
 461
 462   if (found)
 463     return found;
 464   exits = get_loop_exit_edges (loop);
 465   FOR_EACH_VEC_ELT (exits, i, ex)
 466     {
 467       if (ex->flags & (EDGE_EH | EDGE_ABNORMAL_CALL))
 468         continue;
 469       /* The constant of 5 is set in a way so noreturn calls are
 470          ruled out by this test.  The static branch prediction algorithm
 471          will not assign such a low probability to conditionals for usual
 472          reasons.  */
 473       if (profile_status != PROFILE_ABSENT
 474           && ex->probability < 5 && !ex->count)
 475         continue;
 476       if (!found)
 477         found = ex;
 478       else
 479         {
 480           exits.release ();
 481           return NULL;
 482         }
 483     }
 484   exits.release ();
 485   return found;
 486 }
 487
 488
 489 /* Gets basic blocks of a LOOP.  Header is the 0-th block, rest is in dfs
 490    order against direction of edges from latch.  Specially, if
 491    header != latch, latch is the 1-st block.  */
 492
 493 vec<basic_block>
 494 get_loop_hot_path (const struct loop *loop)
 495 {
 496   basic_block bb = loop->header;
 497   vec<basic_block> path = vNULL;
 498   bitmap visited = BITMAP_ALLOC (NULL);
 499
 500   while (true)
 501     {
 502       edge_iterator ei;
 503       edge e;
 504       edge best = NULL;
 505
 506       path.safe_push (bb);
 507       bitmap_set_bit (visited, bb->index);
 508       FOR_EACH_EDGE (e, ei, bb->succs)
 509         if ((!best || e->probability > best->probability)
 510             && !loop_exit_edge_p (loop, e)
 511             && !bitmap_bit_p (visited, e->dest->index))
 512           best = e;
 513       if (!best || best->dest == loop->header)
 514         break;
 515       bb = best->dest;
 516     }
 517   BITMAP_FREE (visited);
 518   return path;
 519 }