1 @c Copyright (C) 1988, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998,
2 @c 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2008, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 @c This is part of the GCC manual.
4 @c For copying conditions, see the file gcc.texi.
7 @chapter Programming Languages Supported by GCC
10 @cindex GNU Compiler Collection
11 @cindex GNU C Compiler
18 GCC stands for ``GNU Compiler Collection''. GCC is an integrated
19 distribution of compilers for several major programming languages. These
20 languages currently include C, C++, Objective-C, Objective-C++, Java,
23 The abbreviation @dfn{GCC} has multiple meanings in common use. The
24 current official meaning is ``GNU Compiler Collection'', which refers
25 generically to the complete suite of tools. The name historically stood
26 for ``GNU C Compiler'', and this usage is still common when the emphasis
27 is on compiling C programs. Finally, the name is also used when speaking
28 of the @dfn{language-independent} component of GCC: code shared among the
29 compilers for all supported languages.
31 The language-independent component of GCC includes the majority of the
32 optimizers, as well as the ``back ends'' that generate machine code for
38 The part of a compiler that is specific to a particular language is
39 called the ``front end''. In addition to the front ends that are
40 integrated components of GCC, there are several other front ends that
41 are maintained separately. These support languages such as Pascal,
42 Mercury, and COBOL@. To use these, they must be built together with
49 Most of the compilers for languages other than C have their own names.
50 The C++ compiler is G++, the Ada compiler is GNAT, and so on. When we
51 talk about compiling one of those languages, we might refer to that
52 compiler by its own name, or as GCC@. Either is correct.
54 @cindex compiler compared to C++ preprocessor
55 @cindex intermediate C version, nonexistent
56 @cindex C intermediate output, nonexistent
57 Historically, compilers for many languages, including C++ and Fortran,
58 have been implemented as ``preprocessors'' which emit another high
59 level language such as C@. None of the compilers included in GCC are
60 implemented this way; they all generate machine code directly. This
61 sort of preprocessor should not be confused with the @dfn{C
62 preprocessor}, which is an integral feature of the C, C++, Objective-C
63 and Objective-C++ languages.