libquadmath/math/cbrtq.c

   1 /*                                                      cbrtq.c
   2  *
   3  *      Cube root, __float128 precision
   4  *
   5  *
   6  *
   7  * SYNOPSIS:
   8  *
   9  * __float128 x, y, cbrtq();
  10  *
  11  * y = cbrtq( x );
  12  *
  13  *
  14  *
  15  * DESCRIPTION:
  16  *
  17  * Returns the cube root of the argument, which may be negative.
  18  *
  19  * Range reduction involves determining the power of 2 of
  20  * the argument.  A polynomial of degree 2 applied to the
  21  * mantissa, and multiplication by the cube root of 1, 2, or 4
  22  * approximates the root to within about 0.1%.  Then Newton's
  23  * iteration is used three times to converge to an accurate
  24  * result.
  25  *
  26  *
  27  *
  28  * ACCURACY:
  29  *
  30  *                      Relative error:
  31  * arithmetic   domain     # trials      peak         rms
  32  *    IEEE       -8,8       100000      1.3e-34     3.9e-35
  33  *    IEEE    exp(+-707)    100000      1.3e-34     4.3e-35
  34  *
  35  */
  36
  37 /*
  38 Cephes Math Library Release 2.2: January, 1991
  39 Copyright 1984, 1991 by Stephen L. Moshier
  40 Adapted for glibc October, 2001.
  41
  42     This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  43     modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
  44     License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
  45     version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
  46
  47     This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  48     but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  49     MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
  50     Lesser General Public License for more details.
  51
  52     You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
  53     License along with this library; if not, see
  54     <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
  55
  56
  57 #include "quadmath-imp.h"
  58
  59 static const long double CBRT2 = 1.259921049894873164767210607278228350570251Q;
  60 static const long double CBRT4 = 1.587401051968199474751705639272308260391493Q;
  61 static const long double CBRT2I = 0.7937005259840997373758528196361541301957467Q;
  62 static const long double CBRT4I = 0.6299605249474365823836053036391141752851257Q;
  63
  64
  65 __float128
  66 cbrtq ( __float128 x)
  67 {
  68   int e, rem, sign;
  69   __float128 z;
  70
  71   if (!finiteq (x))
  72     return x + x;
  73
  74   if (x == 0)
  75     return (x);
  76
  77   if (x > 0)
  78     sign = 1;
  79   else
  80     {
  81       sign = -1;
  82       x = -x;
  83     }
  84
  85   z = x;
  86  /* extract power of 2, leaving mantissa between 0.5 and 1  */
  87   x = frexpq (x, &e);
  88
  89   /* Approximate cube root of number between .5 and 1,
  90      peak relative error = 1.2e-6  */
  91   x = ((((1.3584464340920900529734e-1Q * x
  92           - 6.3986917220457538402318e-1Q) * x
  93          + 1.2875551670318751538055e0Q) * x
  94         - 1.4897083391357284957891e0Q) * x
  95        + 1.3304961236013647092521e0Q) * x + 3.7568280825958912391243e-1Q;
  96
  97   /* exponent divided by 3 */
  98   if (e >= 0)
  99     {
 100       rem = e;
 101       e /= 3;
 102       rem -= 3 * e;
 103       if (rem == 1)
 104         x *= CBRT2;
 105       else if (rem == 2)
 106         x *= CBRT4;
 107     }
 108   else
 109     {                           /* argument less than 1 */
 110       e = -e;
 111       rem = e;
 112       e /= 3;
 113       rem -= 3 * e;
 114       if (rem == 1)
 115         x *= CBRT2I;
 116       else if (rem == 2)
 117         x *= CBRT4I;
 118       e = -e;
 119     }
 120
 121   /* multiply by power of 2 */
 122   x = ldexpq (x, e);
 123
 124   /* Newton iteration */
 125   x -= (x - (z / (x * x))) * 0.3333333333333333333333333333333333333333Q;
 126   x -= (x - (z / (x * x))) * 0.3333333333333333333333333333333333333333Q;
 127   x -= (x - (z / (x * x))) * 0.3333333333333333333333333333333333333333Q;
 128
 129   if (sign < 0)
 130     x = -x;
 131   return (x);
 132 }