1 Notes on GCC's Native Language Support
3 By and large, only diagnostic messages have been internationalized.
4 Some work remains in other areas; for example, GCC does not yet allow
5 non-ASCII letters in identifiers.
7 Not all of GCC's diagnostic messages have been internationalized. Programs
8 like `genattr' (in fact all gen* programs) are not internationalized, as
9 their users are GCC maintainers who typically need to be able to read
10 English anyway; internationalizing them would thus entail needless work for
11 the human translators. Messages used for debugging, such as used in dumped
12 tables, should also not be translated.
14 The GCC library should not contain any messages that need
15 internationalization, because it operates below the internationalization
18 Unlike some other GNU programs, the GCC sources contain few instances
19 of explicit translation calls like _("string"). Instead, the
20 diagnostic printing routines automatically translate their arguments.
21 For example, GCC source code should not contain calls like `error
22 (_("unterminated comment"))'; it should contain calls like `error
23 ("unterminated comment")' instead, as it is the `error' function's
24 responsibility to translate the message before the user sees it.
26 In general, use no markup for strings that are the immediate format string
27 argument of a diagnostic function. Use G_("str") for strings that will be
28 used as the format string for a diagnostic but are e.g. assigned to a
29 variable first. Use N_("str") for strings that are not diagnostic format
30 strings, but will still be translated later. Use _("str") for strings that
31 will not be translated elsewhere. It's important not to use _("str") in
32 the initializer of a statically allocated variable; use one of the others
33 instead and make sure that uses of that variable translate the string,
34 whether directly with _(msg) or by passing it to a diagnostic or other
35 function that performs the translation.
37 Avoid using %s to compose a diagnostic message from multiple translatable
38 strings; instead, write out the full diagnostic message for each variant.
39 Only use %s for message components that do not need translation, such as
42 By convention, any function parameter in the GCC sources whose name
43 ends in `msgid' is expected to be a message requiring translation.
44 If the parameter name ends with `gmsgid', it is assumed to be a GCC
45 diagnostics format string requiring translation, if it ends with
46 `cmsgid', it is assumed to be a format string for `printf' family
47 of functions, requiring a translation.
48 For example, the `error' function's first parameter is named `gmsgid'.
49 GCC's exgettext script uses this convention to determine which
50 function parameter strings need to be translated. The exgettext
51 script also assumes that any occurrence of `%eMSGID}' on a source
52 line, where MSGID does not contain `%' or `}', corresponds to a
53 message MSGID that requires translation; this is needed to identify
54 diagnostics in GCC spec strings.
55 The `G_(GMSGID)' macro defined in intl.h can be used to mark GCC diagnostics
56 format strings as requiring translation, but other than that it is a
59 If you modify source files, you'll need at least version 0.14.15 of the
60 GNU gettext package to propagate the modifications to the translation
63 After having built and installed these gettext tools, you have to
64 configure GCC with --enable-maintainer-mode to get the master catalog
68 Copyright (C) 1998-2024 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
70 Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification,
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72 notice and this notice are preserved.