1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 -- GNAT COMPILER COMPONENTS --
5 -- S Y S T E M . T R A C E B A C K --
10 -- Copyright (C) 2009-2015, Free Software Foundation, Inc. --
12 -- GNAT is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under --
13 -- terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Soft- --
14 -- ware Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later ver- --
15 -- sion. GNAT is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITH- --
16 -- OUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY --
17 -- or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. --
19 -- As a special exception under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted --
20 -- additional permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, --
21 -- version 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation. --
23 -- You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and --
24 -- a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program; --
25 -- see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively. If not, see --
26 -- <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. --
28 -- GNAT was originally developed by the GNAT team at New York University. --
29 -- Extensive contributions were provided by Ada Core Technologies Inc. --
31 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
33 with Ada
.Unchecked_Conversion
;
35 package body System
.Traceback
is
37 -- This package implements the backtracing facility by way of a dedicated
38 -- HP library for stack unwinding described in the "Runtime Architecture
41 pragma Linker_Options
("/usr/lib/libcl.a");
43 -- The library basically offers services to fetch information about a
44 -- "previous" frame based on information about a "current" one.
46 type Current_Frame_Descriptor
is record
47 cur_fsz
: Address
; -- Frame size of current routine.
48 cur_sp
: Address
; -- The current value of stack pointer.
49 cur_rls
: Address
; -- PC-space of the caller.
50 cur_rlo
: Address
; -- PC-offset of the caller.
51 cur_dp
: Address
; -- Data Pointer of the current routine.
52 top_rp
: Address
; -- Initial value of RP.
53 top_mrp
: Address
; -- Initial value of MRP.
54 top_sr0
: Address
; -- Initial value of sr0.
55 top_sr4
: Address
; -- Initial value of sr4.
56 top_r3
: Address
; -- Initial value of gr3.
57 cur_r19
: Address
; -- GR19 value of the calling routine.
58 top_r4
: Address
; -- Initial value of gr4.
59 dummy
: Address
; -- Reserved.
60 out_rlo
: Address
; -- PC-offset of the caller after get_previous.
63 type Previous_Frame_Descriptor
is record
64 prev_fsz
: Address
; -- frame size of calling routine.
65 prev_sp
: Address
; -- SP of calling routine.
66 prev_rls
: Address
; -- PC_space of calling routine's caller.
67 prev_rlo
: Address
; -- PC_offset of calling routine's caller.
68 prev_dp
: Address
; -- DP of calling routine.
69 udescr0
: Address
; -- low word of calling routine's unwind desc.
70 udescr1
: Address
; -- high word of calling routine's unwind desc.
71 ustart
: Address
; -- start of the unwind region.
72 uend
: Address
; -- end of the unwind region.
73 uw_index
: Address
; -- index into the unwind table.
74 prev_r19
: Address
; -- GR19 value of the caller's caller.
75 top_r3
: Address
; -- Caller's initial gr3.
76 top_r4
: Address
; -- Caller's initial gr4.
79 -- Provide useful shortcuts for the names
81 subtype CFD
is Current_Frame_Descriptor
;
82 subtype PFD
is Previous_Frame_Descriptor
;
84 -- Frames with dynamic stack allocation are handled using the associated
85 -- frame pointer, but HP compilers and GCC setup this pointer differently.
86 -- HP compilers set it to point at the top (highest address) of the static
87 -- part of the frame, whereas GCC sets it to point at the bottom of this
88 -- region. We have to fake the unwinder to compensate for this difference,
89 -- for which we'll need to access some subprograms unwind descriptors.
91 type Bits_2_Value
is mod 2 ** 2;
92 for Bits_2_Value
'Size use 2;
94 type Bits_4_Value
is mod 2 ** 4;
95 for Bits_4_Value
'Size use 4;
97 type Bits_5_Value
is mod 2 ** 5;
98 for Bits_5_Value
'Size use 5;
100 type Bits_27_Value
is mod 2 ** 27;
101 for Bits_27_Value
'Size use 27;
103 type Unwind_Descriptor
is record
104 cannot_unwind
: Boolean;
106 mcode_save_restore
: Boolean;
107 region_desc
: Bits_2_Value
;
110 entry_fr
: Bits_4_Value
;
111 entry_gr
: Bits_5_Value
;
113 args_stored
: Boolean;
114 variable_frame
: Boolean;
115 separate_package_body
: Boolean;
116 frame_extension_mcode
: Boolean;
118 stack_overflow_check
: Boolean;
119 two_steps_sp_adjust
: Boolean;
120 sr4_export
: Boolean;
123 cxx_try_catch
: Boolean;
124 sched_entry_seq
: Boolean;
133 hpe_interrupt_marker
: Boolean;
134 hpux_interrupt_marker
: Boolean;
135 large_frame
: Boolean;
136 alloca_frame
: Boolean;
139 frame_size
: Bits_27_Value
;
142 for Unwind_Descriptor
'Size use 64;
144 for Unwind_Descriptor
use record
145 cannot_unwind
at 0 range 0 .. 0;
146 mcode
at 0 range 1 .. 1;
147 mcode_save_restore
at 0 range 2 .. 2;
148 region_desc
at 0 range 3 .. 4;
149 reserved0
at 0 range 5 .. 5;
150 entry_sr
at 0 range 6 .. 6;
151 entry_fr
at 0 range 7 .. 10;
153 entry_gr
at 1 range 3 .. 7;
155 args_stored
at 2 range 0 .. 0;
156 variable_frame
at 2 range 1 .. 1;
157 separate_package_body
at 2 range 2 .. 2;
158 frame_extension_mcode
at 2 range 3 .. 3;
159 stack_overflow_check
at 2 range 4 .. 4;
160 two_steps_sp_adjust
at 2 range 5 .. 5;
161 sr4_export
at 2 range 6 .. 6;
162 cxx_info
at 2 range 7 .. 7;
164 cxx_try_catch
at 3 range 0 .. 0;
165 sched_entry_seq
at 3 range 1 .. 1;
166 reserved1
at 3 range 2 .. 2;
167 save_sp
at 3 range 3 .. 3;
168 save_rp
at 3 range 4 .. 4;
169 save_mrp
at 3 range 5 .. 5;
170 save_r19
at 3 range 6 .. 6;
171 cleanups
at 3 range 7 .. 7;
173 hpe_interrupt_marker
at 4 range 0 .. 0;
174 hpux_interrupt_marker
at 4 range 1 .. 1;
175 large_frame
at 4 range 2 .. 2;
176 alloca_frame
at 4 range 3 .. 3;
178 reserved2
at 4 range 4 .. 4;
179 frame_size
at 4 range 5 .. 31;
182 subtype UWD
is Unwind_Descriptor
;
183 type UWD_Ptr
is access all UWD
;
185 function To_UWD_Access
is new Ada
.Unchecked_Conversion
(Address
, UWD_Ptr
);
187 -- The descriptor associated with a given code location is retrieved
188 -- using functions imported from the HP library, requiring the definition
189 -- of additional structures.
191 type Unwind_Table_Region
is record
192 Table_Start
: Address
;
195 -- An Unwind Table region, which is a memory area containing Unwind
198 subtype UWT
is Unwind_Table_Region
;
200 -- The subprograms imported below are provided by the HP library
202 function U_get_unwind_table
return UWT
;
203 pragma Import
(C
, U_get_unwind_table
, "U_get_unwind_table");
204 -- Get the unwind table region associated with the current executable.
205 -- This function is actually documented as having an argument, but which
206 -- is only used for the MPE/iX targets.
208 function U_get_shLib_unwind_table
(r19
: Address
) return UWT
;
209 pragma Import
(C
, U_get_shLib_unwind_table
, "U_get_shLib_unw_tbl");
210 -- Return the unwind table region associated with a possible shared
211 -- library, as determined by the provided r19 value.
213 function U_get_shLib_text_addr
(r19
: Address
) return Address
;
214 pragma Import
(C
, U_get_shLib_text_addr
, "U_get_shLib_text_addr");
215 -- Return the address at which the code for a shared library begins, or
216 -- -1 if the value provided for r19 does not identify shared library code.
218 function U_get_unwind_entry
221 Table_Start
: Address
;
222 Table_End
: Address
) return Address
;
223 pragma Import
(C
, U_get_unwind_entry
, "U_get_unwind_entry");
224 -- Given the bounds of an unwind table, return the address of the
225 -- unwind descriptor associated with a code location/space. In the case
226 -- of shared library code, the offset from the beginning of the library
227 -- is expected as Pc.
229 procedure U_init_frame_record
(Frame
: not null access CFD
);
230 pragma Import
(C
, U_init_frame_record
, "U_init_frame_record");
232 procedure U_prep_frame_rec_for_unwind
(Frame
: not null access CFD
);
233 pragma Import
(C
, U_prep_frame_rec_for_unwind
,
234 "U_prep_frame_rec_for_unwind");
236 -- Fetch the description data of the frame in which these two procedures
240 (Cur
: not null access CFD
; Prev
: not null access PFD
) return Integer;
241 pragma Import
(C
, U_get_u_rlo
, "U_IS_STUB_OR_CALLX");
242 -- From a complete current frame with a return location possibly located
243 -- into a linker generated stub, and basic information about the previous
244 -- frame, place the first non stub return location into the current frame.
245 -- Return -1 if something went wrong during the computation.
247 function U_is_shared_pc
(rlo
: Address
; r19
: Address
) return Address
;
248 pragma Import
(C
, U_is_shared_pc
, "U_is_shared_pc");
249 -- Return 0 if the provided return location does not correspond to code
250 -- in a shared library, or something non null otherwise.
252 function U_get_previous_frame_x
253 (current_frame
: not null access CFD
;
254 previous_frame
: not null access PFD
;
255 previous_size
: Integer) return Integer;
256 pragma Import
(C
, U_get_previous_frame_x
, "U_get_previous_frame_x");
257 -- Fetch the data describing the "previous" frame relatively to the
258 -- "current" one. "previous_size" should be the size of the "previous"
259 -- frame descriptor provided.
261 -- The library provides a simpler interface without the size parameter
262 -- but it is not usable when frames with dynamically allocated space are
266 (Traceback
: System
.Address
;
269 Exclude_Min
: System
.Address
:= System
.Null_Address
;
270 Exclude_Max
: System
.Address
:= System
.Null_Address
;
271 Skip_Frames
: Natural := 1);
272 -- Same as the exported version, but takes Traceback as an Address
278 function C_Call_Chain
279 (Traceback
: System
.Address
;
280 Max_Len
: Natural) return Natural
284 Call_Chain
(Traceback
, Max_Len
, Val
);
293 (Traceback
: System
.Address
;
296 Exclude_Min
: System
.Address
:= System
.Null_Address
;
297 Exclude_Max
: System
.Address
:= System
.Null_Address
;
298 Skip_Frames
: Natural := 1)
300 type Tracebacks_Array
is array (1 .. Max_Len
) of System
.Address
;
301 pragma Suppress_Initialization
(Tracebacks_Array
);
303 -- The code location returned by the unwinder is a return location but
304 -- what we need is a call point. Under HP-UX call instructions are 4
305 -- bytes long and the return point they specify is 4 bytes beyond the
306 -- next instruction because of the delay slot.
308 Call_Size
: constant := 4;
309 DSlot_Size
: constant := 4;
310 Rlo_Offset
: constant := Call_Size
+ DSlot_Size
;
312 -- Moreover, the return point is passed via a register which two least
313 -- significant bits specify a privilege level that we will have to mask.
315 Priv_Mask
: constant := 16#
00000003#
;
318 Code
: System
.Address
;
320 Pop_Success
: Boolean;
321 Trace
: Tracebacks_Array
;
322 for Trace
'Address use Traceback
;
324 -- The backtracing process needs a set of subprograms :
326 function UWD_For_RLO_Of
(Frame
: not null access CFD
) return UWD_Ptr
;
327 -- Return an access to the unwind descriptor for the caller of
328 -- a given frame, using only the provided return location.
330 function UWD_For_Caller_Of
(Frame
: not null access CFD
) return UWD_Ptr
;
331 -- Return an access to the unwind descriptor for the user code caller
332 -- of a given frame, or null if the information is not available.
334 function Pop_Frame
(Frame
: not null access CFD
) return Boolean;
335 -- Update the provided machine state structure so that it reflects
336 -- the state one call frame "above" the initial one.
338 -- Return True if the operation has been successful, False otherwise.
339 -- Failure typically occurs when the top of the call stack has been
342 function Prepare_For_Unwind_Of
343 (Frame
: not null access CFD
) return Boolean;
344 -- Perform the necessary adaptations to the machine state before
345 -- calling the unwinder. Currently used for the specific case of
346 -- dynamically sized previous frames.
348 -- Return True if everything went fine, or False otherwise.
350 Program_UWT
: constant UWT
:= U_get_unwind_table
;
356 function Pop_Frame
(Frame
: not null access CFD
) return Boolean is
357 Up_Frame
: aliased PFD
;
358 State_Ready
: Boolean;
361 -- Check/adapt the state before calling the unwinder and return
362 -- if anything went wrong.
364 State_Ready
:= Prepare_For_Unwind_Of
(Frame
);
366 if not State_Ready
then
370 -- Now, safely call the unwinder and use the results
372 if U_get_previous_frame_x
(Frame
,
379 -- In case a stub is on the way, the usual previous return location
380 -- (the one in prev_rlo) is the one in the stub and the "real" one
381 -- is placed in the "current" record, so let's take this one into
384 Frame
.out_rlo
:= Frame
.cur_rlo
;
386 Frame
.cur_fsz
:= Up_Frame
.prev_fsz
;
387 Frame
.cur_sp
:= Up_Frame
.prev_sp
;
388 Frame
.cur_rls
:= Up_Frame
.prev_rls
;
389 Frame
.cur_rlo
:= Up_Frame
.prev_rlo
;
390 Frame
.cur_dp
:= Up_Frame
.prev_dp
;
391 Frame
.cur_r19
:= Up_Frame
.prev_r19
;
392 Frame
.top_r3
:= Up_Frame
.top_r3
;
393 Frame
.top_r4
:= Up_Frame
.top_r4
;
398 ---------------------------------
399 -- Prepare_State_For_Unwind_Of --
400 ---------------------------------
402 function Prepare_For_Unwind_Of
403 (Frame
: not null access CFD
) return Boolean
405 Caller_UWD
: UWD_Ptr
;
406 FP_Adjustment
: Integer;
409 -- No need to bother doing anything if the stack is already fully
412 if Frame
.cur_rlo
= 0 then
416 -- When ALLOCA_FRAME is set in an unwind descriptor, the unwinder
417 -- uses the value provided in current.top_r3 or current.top_r4 as
418 -- a frame pointer to compute the size of the frame. What decides
419 -- between r3 or r4 is the unwind descriptor LARGE_FRAME bit, with
420 -- r4 chosen if the bit is set.
422 -- The size computed by the unwinder is STATIC_PART + (SP - FP),
423 -- which is correct with HP's frame pointer convention, but not
424 -- with GCC's one since we end up with the static part accounted
427 -- We have to compute r4 when it is required because the unwinder
428 -- has looked for it at a place where it was not if we went through
431 -- The size of the static part of a frame can be found in the
432 -- associated unwind descriptor.
434 Caller_UWD
:= UWD_For_Caller_Of
(Frame
);
436 -- If we cannot get it, we are unable to compute the potentially
437 -- necessary adjustments. We'd better not try to go on then.
439 if Caller_UWD
= null then
443 -- If the caller frame is a GCC one, r3 is its frame pointer and
444 -- points to the bottom of the frame. The value to provide for r4
445 -- can then be computed directly from the one of r3, compensating
446 -- for the static part of the frame.
448 -- If the caller frame is an HP one, r3 is used to locate the
449 -- previous frame marker, that is it also points to the bottom of
450 -- the frame (this is why r3 cannot be used as the frame pointer in
451 -- the HP sense for large frames). The value to provide for r4 can
452 -- then also be computed from the one of r3 with the compensation
453 -- for the static part of the frame.
455 FP_Adjustment
:= Integer (Caller_UWD
.frame_size
* 8);
456 Frame
.top_r4
:= Address
(Integer (Frame
.top_r3
) + FP_Adjustment
);
459 end Prepare_For_Unwind_Of
;
461 -----------------------
462 -- UWD_For_Caller_Of --
463 -----------------------
465 function UWD_For_Caller_Of
(Frame
: not null access CFD
) return UWD_Ptr
467 UWD_Access
: UWD_Ptr
;
470 -- First try the most direct path, using the return location data
471 -- associated with the frame.
473 UWD_Access
:= UWD_For_RLO_Of
(Frame
);
475 if UWD_Access
/= null then
479 -- If we did not get a result, we might face an in-stub return
480 -- address. In this case U_get_previous_frame can tell us what the
481 -- first not-in-stub return point is. We cannot call it directly,
482 -- though, because we haven't computed the potentially necessary
483 -- frame pointer adjustments, which might lead to SEGV in some
484 -- circumstances. Instead, we directly call the libcl routine which
485 -- is called by U_get_previous_frame and which only requires few
486 -- information. Take care, however, that the information is provided
487 -- in the "current" argument, so we need to work on a copy to avoid
488 -- disturbing our caller.
491 U_Current
: aliased CFD
:= Frame
.all;
492 U_Previous
: aliased PFD
;
495 U_Previous
.prev_dp
:= U_Current
.cur_dp
;
496 U_Previous
.prev_rls
:= U_Current
.cur_rls
;
497 U_Previous
.prev_sp
:= U_Current
.cur_sp
- U_Current
.cur_fsz
;
499 if U_get_u_rlo
(U_Current
'Access, U_Previous
'Access) /= -1 then
500 UWD_Access
:= UWD_For_RLO_Of
(U_Current
'Access);
505 end UWD_For_Caller_Of
;
511 function UWD_For_RLO_Of
(Frame
: not null access CFD
) return UWD_Ptr
513 UWD_Address
: Address
;
515 -- The addresses returned by the library point to full descriptors
516 -- including the frame information bits but also the applicable PC
517 -- range. We need to account for this.
519 Frame_Info_Offset
: constant := 8;
522 -- First try to locate the descriptor in the program's unwind table
524 UWD_Address
:= U_get_unwind_entry
(Frame
.cur_rlo
,
526 Program_UWT
.Table_Start
,
527 Program_UWT
.Table_End
);
529 -- If we did not get it, we might have a frame from code in a
530 -- stub or shared library. For code in stub we would have to
531 -- compute the first non-stub return location but this is not
532 -- the role of this subprogram, so let's just try to see if we
533 -- can get a result from the tables in shared libraries.
536 and then U_is_shared_pc
(Frame
.cur_rlo
, Frame
.cur_r19
) /= 0
539 Shlib_UWT
: constant UWT
:=
540 U_get_shLib_unwind_table
(Frame
.cur_r19
);
541 Shlib_Start
: constant Address
:=
542 U_get_shLib_text_addr
(Frame
.cur_r19
);
543 Rlo_Offset
: constant Address
:=
544 Frame
.cur_rlo
- Shlib_Start
;
546 UWD_Address
:= U_get_unwind_entry
(Rlo_Offset
,
548 Shlib_UWT
.Table_Start
,
549 Shlib_UWT
.Table_End
);
553 if UWD_Address
/= -1 then
554 return To_UWD_Access
(UWD_Address
+ Frame_Info_Offset
);
560 -- Start of processing for Call_Chain
563 -- Fetch the state for this subprogram's frame and pop it so that we
564 -- start with an initial out_rlo "here".
566 U_init_frame_record
(Frame
'Access);
570 U_prep_frame_rec_for_unwind
(Frame
'Access);
572 Pop_Success
:= Pop_Frame
(Frame
'Access);
574 -- Skip the requested number of frames
576 for I
in 1 .. Skip_Frames
loop
577 Pop_Success
:= Pop_Frame
(Frame
'Access);
580 -- Loop popping frames and storing locations until either a problem
581 -- occurs, or the top of the call chain is reached, or the provided
585 -- We have to test some conditions against the return location
586 -- as it is returned, so get it as is first.
588 Code
:= Frame
.out_rlo
;
590 exit when not Pop_Success
or else Code
= 0 or else J
= Max_Len
+ 1;
592 -- Compute the call point from the retrieved return location :
593 -- Mask the privilege bits and account for the delta between the
594 -- call site and the return point.
596 Code
:= (Code
and not Priv_Mask
) - Rlo_Offset
;
598 if Code
< Exclude_Min
or else Code
> Exclude_Max
then
603 Pop_Success
:= Pop_Frame
(Frame
'Access);
610 (Traceback
: in out System
.Traceback_Entries
.Tracebacks_Array
;
613 Exclude_Min
: System
.Address
:= System
.Null_Address
;
614 Exclude_Max
: System
.Address
:= System
.Null_Address
;
615 Skip_Frames
: Natural := 1)
619 (Traceback
'Address, Max_Len
, Len
,
620 Exclude_Min
, Exclude_Max
,
622 -- Skip one extra frame to skip the other Call_Chain entry as well
624 Skip_Frames
=> Skip_Frames
+ 1);
627 end System
.Traceback
;